Vote for your favorite mineral in #MinCup26! - Sphalerite vs. Anorthite
Both zinc ore Sphalerite and calcium plagioclase feldspar Anorthite have perfect cleavage that will split cleanly if you hit them with a hammer, but only one can claim a larger split of your votes!
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Ethiopiai
Regional Level Types
EthiopiaCountry

Coat of Arms of EthiopiaFlag of Ethiopia
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PhotosMapsSearchMineralogy
04640780017271981149289.jpg
Ethiopia 3L Map

Ethiopia
09015790017347194319902.jpg
Industrial Mineral Occurrence Map of Ethiopia

Ethiopia
05331070017360822376829.jpg
Landscape with hot springs at Dallol volcano

Mount Dallol, Kilbet Rasu, Afar Region, Ethiopia
04640780017271981149289.jpg
Ethiopia 3L Map

Ethiopia
09015790017347194319902.jpg
Industrial Mineral Occurrence Map of Ethiopia

Ethiopia
05331070017360822376829.jpg
Landscape with hot springs at Dallol volcano

Mount Dallol, Kilbet Rasu, Afar Region, Ethiopia
04640780017271981149289.jpg
Ethiopia 3L Map

Ethiopia
09015790017347194319902.jpg
Industrial Mineral Occurrence Map of Ethiopia

Ethiopia
Area:
1,104,300 km2
Neighbouring regions:
Kenya
Sudan
Eritrea
Somalia
Djibouti
South Sudan
Type:
Country
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
Addis Ababa2,757,729 (2015)
Dire Dawa252,279 (2015)
Mek'ele215,546 (2016)
Nazrēt213,995 (2012)
Bahir Dar168,899 (2013)
Gondar153,914 (2018)
Mindat Locality ID:
21874
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:21874:5
GUID (UUID V4):
0
Other Languages:
View 230 more...
Amharic:
ኢትዮጵያ
French:
Éthiopie
German:
Äthiopien
Italian:
Etiopia
Russian:
Эфиопия
Simplified Chinese:
埃塞俄比亚
Spanish:
Etiopía
Achinese:
Ethiopia
Adyghe:
Эфиопие
Afrikaans:
Ethiopië
Akan:
Ithiopia
Albanian:
Etiopia
Alemannic:
Ethiopie
Anglo-Saxon:
Sigelhearwenaland
Arabic:
إثيوبيا
Aragonese:
Etiopia
Aramaic:
ܟܘܫ
Armenian:
Եթովպիա
Aromanian:
Ethiopia
Asturian:
Etiopía
Avaric:
Хабашистан
Azeri:
Efiopiya
Bambara:
Etiopia
Bashkir:
Эфиопия
Basque:
Etiopia
Bavarian:
Ethiopien
Belarusian:
Эфіопія
Belarusian (Tarashkevitsa):
Этыёпія
Bengali:
ইথিওপিয়া
Bishnupriya Manipuri:
ইথিওপিয়া
Bosnian:
Etiopija
Breton:
Etiopia
Bulgarian:
Етиопия
Burmese:
အီသီယိုးပီးယားနိုင်ငံ
Catalan:
Etiòpia
Cebuano:
Etiopia
Central Bikol:
Etyopya
Central Kurdish/Sorani:
ئەتیۆپیا
Chavacano:
Etiopía
Chechen:
Эфиопи
Cherokee:
ᎢᏗᎣᏈᎠ
Church Slavic:
Єѳїопїꙗ
Chuvash:
Эфиопи
Classical Chinese:
衣索比亞
Cornish:
Ethiopi
Crimean Tatar (Latin):
Abeşistan
Croatian:
Etiopija
Czech:
Etiopie
Danish:
Etiopien
Doteli:
इथियोपिया
Dutch:
Ethiopië
Dzongkha:
ཨི་ཐི་ཡོ་པི་ཡ
Egyptian Arabic:
اثيوبيا
Esperanto:
Etiopio
Estonian:
Etioopia
Ewe:
Etiopia
Extremaduran:
Etiopia
Faroese:
Etiopia
Farsi/Persian:
اتیوپی
Fiji Hindi:
Ethiopia
Finnish:
Etiopia
Franco-Provençal:
Ètiopie
Friulian:
Etiopie
Fula:
Ecoppi
Gagauz:
Efiopiya
Galician:
Etiopía
Gan:
埃塞俄比亞
Georgian:
ეთიოპია
Greek:
Αιθιοπία
Guarani:
Etiopia
Gujarati:
ઇથિયોપિયા
Haitian:
Etyopi
Hakka:
Ethiopia
Hausa:
Habasha
Hawaiian:
‘Aikiopia
Hebrew:
אתיופיה
Hill Mari:
Эфиопи
Hindi:
इथियोपिया
Hungarian:
Etiópia
Icelandic:
Eþíópía
Ido:
Etiopia
Igbo:
Ethiopia
Iloko:
Etiopia
Indonesian:
Ethiopia
Ingush:
Эфиопи
Interlingua:
Ethiopia
Interlingue:
Etiopia
Irish Gaelic:
An Aetóip
Jamaican Patois:
Iityuopia
Japanese:
エチオピア
Javanese:
Étiopia
Judaeo-Spanish:
Etiopia
Kabiye:
Etiyoopii
Kabyle:
Ityupya
Kalmyk:
Эпигопин Ниицән
Kannada:
ಇತಿಯೋಪಿಯ
Kapampangan:
Ethiopia
Karakalpak:
Efiopiya
Kashmiri:
اِتھوپِیا
Kazakh (Cyrillic Script):
Ефиопия
Khmer:
អេត្យូពី
Kikuyu:
Ethiopia
Kinyarwanda:
Etiyopiya
Komi:
Эфиопия
Komi-Permyak:
Итьоппья
Kongo:
Itiopia
Konkani:
इथिओपिया
Korean:
에티오피아
Kurdish (Latin Script):
Etiyopya
Kyrgyz:
Эфиопия
Lao:
ເອທິໂອເປຍ
Latin:
Aethiopia
Latvian:
Etiopija
Lezghian:
Эфиопия
Ligurian:
Etiòpia
Limburgian:
Ethiopië
Lingala:
Etiopi
Lingua Franca Nova:
Itiopia
Lithuanian:
Etiopija
Livvi-Karelian:
Efiopii
Lojban:
itiopias
Lombard:
Etiopia
Low Saxon/Low German:
Äthiopien
Lower Sorbian:
Etiopiska
Luganda:
Ethiopia
Luri:
اتیوپی
Luxembourgish:
Ethiopien
Macedonian:
Етиопија
Maithili:
इथियोपिया
Malagasy:
Etiopia
Malay:
Habsyah
Malayalam:
എത്യോപ്യ
Maltese:
Etjopja
Manx:
Yn Eetoip
Maori:
Etiopia
Marathi:
इथियोपिया
Mazanderani:
اتیوپی
Meadow Mari:
Эфиопий
Min Dong Chinese:
Ethiopia
Minangkabau:
Ethiopia
Mingrelian:
ეთიოპია
Minnan / Hokkien-Taiwanese:
Ethiopia
Mongolian:
Этиоп
Nahuatl:
Etiopia
Nauruan:
Itiyopiya
Navajo:
Iithiyópya
Nepali:
इथियोपिया
Newar / Nepal Bhasa:
इथियोपिया
Norfolk:
Ethiopia
Northern Frisian:
Äthiopien
Northern Sami:
Etiopia
Northern Sotho:
Ethiopia
Norwegian:
Etiopia
Norwegian (Nynorsk):
Etiopia
Novial:
Etiopia
Occitan:
Etiopia
Odia:
ଇଥିଓପିଆ
Ossetian:
Эфиопи
Pali:
ईथ्योपिया
Papiamento:
Ethiopia
Pashto:
اېتوپیا
Piedmontese:
Etiòpia
Polish:
Etiopia
Portuguese:
Etiópia
Punjabi:
ਇਥੋਪੀਆ
Quechua:
Ithiyupya
Ripuarian:
Ättijoopije
Romanian:
Etiopia
Romansh:
Etiopia
Rundi:
Etiyopiya
Russia Buriat:
Этиоп
Rusyn:
Етіопія
Samoan:
Aitiope
Samogitian:
Etiuopėjė
Sango:
Etiopïi
Sanskrit:
ईथ्योपिया
Sardinian:
Etiòpia
Saterland Frisian:
Äthiopien
Scots:
Ethiopie
Scottish Gaelic:
An Itiop
Serbian:
Етиопија
Serbo-Croatian:
Etiopija
Sesotho:
Ethiopia
Shona:
Ethiopia
Sicilian:
Etiopia
Silesian:
Etjopijo
Sindhi:
ايٿوپيا
Sinhalese:
ඉතියෝපියාව
Slovak:
Etiópia
Slovenian:
Etiopija
Somali:
Itoobiya
South Azerbaijani:
اتیوپی
Sranan Tongo:
Ethiopikondre
Sundanese:
Étiopia
Swahili:
Ethiopia
Swati:
ITopiya
Swedish:
Etiopien
Tagalog:
Etiyopiya
Tahitian:
Etiopi
Tajik (Cyrillic Script):
Эфиопия
Tamil:
எதியோப்பியா
Tarantino:
Etiopie
Tatar:
Хәбәшстан
Telugu:
ఇథియోపియా
Thai:
ประเทศเอธิโอเปีย
Tibetan (Standard):
ཨི་ཐི་ཨོ་པི་ཡ།
Tigrinya:
ኢትዮጵያ
Tongan:
ʻItiōpea
Traditional Chinese:
埃塞俄比亞
Tsonga:
Topiya
Turkish:
Etiyopya
Turkmen:
Efiopiýa
Ukrainian:
Ефіопія
Upper Sorbian:
Etiopiska
Urdu:
ایتھوپیا
Uyghur:
ئېفىئوپىيە
Uzbek (Latin Script):
Efiopiya
Venetian:
Etiopia
Veps:
Efiopii
Vietnamese:
Ethiopia
Volapük:
Lätiopän
Võro:
Etioopia
Walloon:
Etiopeye
Waray:
Etiyopya
Welsh:
Ethiopia
West Frisian:
Etioopje
Western Punjabi:
ایتھوپیا
Wolof:
Ecoopi
Wu Chinese:
埃塞俄比亞
Xhosa:
ITopiya
Yakut:
Этиопия
Yiddish:
עטיאפיע
Yoruba:
Ethiópíà
Zazaki:
Etyopya
Zeelandic:
Ethiopië
Zhuang:
Ethiopia
Zulu:
I-Ithiopia


In older literature (e.g. Dana) sometimes listed under the obsolete name "Abyssinia". Note also that some references to "Ethiopia" localities may now be in the newly (since 1993) independent Eritrea (qv).

Ethiopia is divided into ethno-linguistically based regional states (plural: kililoch; singular: kilil) and two astedader (cities). Several changes of province names and areas have happened in the 1990s.

Before 1996, Ethiopia was divided into 13 provinces, many derived from historical regions.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

209 valid minerals. 2 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded


Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘ Aegirine
Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 21 localities in this region.
ⓘ Aegirine-augite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
ⓘ Aenigmatite
Formula: Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
ⓘ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 23 localities in this region.
ⓘ Albite var. Andesine
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase
Formula: (Na,K)AlSi3O8
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Albite var. Cleavelandite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Alkali pyroxene'
References:
Tazieff, H., Marinelli, G., Barberi, F. & Varet, J. 1970. Geologie de l'Afar Septentrional. Premiere expedition du CNRS-France et du CNR-Italie (decembre 67-fevrier 68). Bulletin Volcanologique, 33, 1039-1072.
Barberi, F., Borsi, S., Ferrara, G., Marinelli, G., & Varet, J. (1970). Relations between tectonics and magmatology in the northern Danakil Depression (Ethiopia). Philosophical Transactions for the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 293-311.
Barberi, F., Borsi, S., Ferrara, G., Marinelli, G., Santacroce, R., Tazieff, H., & Varet, J. (1972). Evolution of the Danakil Depression (Afar, Ethiopia) in light of radiometric age determinations. The Journal of Geology, 80(6), 720-729. doi.org/10.1086/627797
Barberi, F., Chedeville, E., Faure, H., Marinelli, G., Santacroce, R., Tazieff, H., & Varet, J. (1973). Geology of Northern Afar (Ethiopia). (with a geological map, scale 1:500000). Revue de Geographie Physique et de Geologie Dynamique, Paris, 15, 443-489.
Barberi, F.; Santacroce, R.; Varet, J. (1974) Silicic peralkaline volcanic rocks of the Afar Depression (Ethiopia). Bulletin Volcanologique, 38 (2). 755-790 doi:10.1007/bf02596907
ⓘ Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Altaite ?
Formula: PbTe
ⓘ Alunite
Formula: KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ 'Amber'
Description: (Locality may be given as "Debre Lebanon" (sic), actually derived from the geological unit, the Debre Libanos sandstone Formation.)
ⓘ Amblygonite
Formula: LiAl(PO4)F
ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5(T8O22)W2
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Analcime
Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
ⓘ Anatase
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Andalusite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘ Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Andrieslombaardite (TL)
Formula: RhSbS
Type Locality:
ⓘ Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
ⓘ Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
ⓘ Annabergite
Formula: Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘ Anorthite
Formula: Ca(Al2Si2O8)
ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite
Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
References:
exemple de l'Afar. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 7(5-6), 506-540. doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.S7-XV.5-6.506
Treuil, M., Varet, J., Billhot, M., Barberi, F. (1971) Distribution of nickel, copper and zinc in the volcanic series of Erta'Ale, Ethiopia. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology. doi:10.1007/BF00373371
Cheminée, J. L. (1973). Evolution des concentrations en K, U et Th dans les laves de la série différenciée de l'Erta'Ale. Rev. Géogr. Géol. Dyn.(2), 15(4), 353-372.
Tazieff, H. (1973). Erta Ale volcano. Revue de géographie physique et de géologie dynamique, 15(4), 437-441.
Treuil, M., & Varet, J. (1973). Criteres volcanologiques, petrologiques et geochimiques de la genese et de la differenciation des magmas basaltiques
Barberi, F.; Santacroce, R.; Varet, J. (1974) Silicic peralkaline volcanic rocks of the Afar Depression (Ethiopia). Bulletin Volcanologique, 38 (2). 755-790 doi:10.1007/bf02596907
Barberi, F., Civetta, L., & Varet, J. (1980). Sr isotopic composition of Afar volcanics and its implication for mantle evolution. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 50(1), 247-259. doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(80)90136-3
BIZOUARD, H., BARBERI, F., VARET, J. (1980) Mineralogy and Petrology of Erta Ale and Boina Volcanic Series, Afar Rift, Ethiopia. Journal of Petrology, 21 (2) 401-436 doi:10.1093/petrology/21.2.401
Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite
Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
ⓘ Anthophyllite
Formula: ◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Antigorite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3A
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Arfvedsonite
Formula: NaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘ Argentopentlandite
Formula: Ag(Fe,Ni)8S8
ⓘ Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
ⓘ 'Asbestos'
ⓘ Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite
Formula: (Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite
Formula: (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
ⓘ Aurostibite
Formula: AuSb2
ⓘ Awaruite
Formula: Ni3Fe
ⓘ Barrerite
Formula: Na2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
ⓘ Beryl
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘ Beryl var. Aquamarine
ⓘ Beryl var. Emerald
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Bischofite
Formula: MgCl2 · 6H2O
ⓘ Bismuthinite
Formula: Bi2S3
ⓘ Bismutite
Formula: (BiO)2CO3
ⓘ Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
ⓘ Boulangerite
Formula: Pb5Sb4S11
ⓘ Bournonite
Formula: PbCuSbS3
ⓘ Bowieite
Formula: Rh2S3
ⓘ Breithauptite
Formula: NiSb
ⓘ Brookite
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Brucite
Formula: Mg(OH)2
ⓘ Brushite
Formula: Ca(PO3OH) · 2H2O
ⓘ Calaverite
Formula: AuTe2
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'
Formula: AnCa2(C2+5-mC3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
ⓘ 'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende'
Formula: AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ 'Carbonate'
ⓘ Carnallite
Formula: KMgCl3 · 6H2O
ⓘ Cassiterite
Formula: SnO2
ⓘ 'Chabazite'
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Chromite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Chrysotile
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
ⓘ 'Clinoptilolite Subgroup'
Formula: (Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Clinozoisite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ Cobaltite
Formula: CoAsS
ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)
Formula: Fe2+Nb2O6
ⓘ 'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'
ⓘ Columbite-(Mn)
Formula: Mn2+Nb2O6
ⓘ Cordierite
Formula: Mg2Al4Si5O18
ⓘ Corrensite
Formula: (Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
ⓘ Corundum
Formula: Al2O3
ⓘ Corundum var. Ruby
Formula: Al2O3
ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire
Formula: Al2O3
ⓘ Cubanite
Formula: CuFe2S3
ⓘ Cummingtonite
Formula: ◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Cuprorhodsite
Formula: (Cu+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh3+2S4
ⓘ Dawsonite
Formula: NaAlCO3(OH)2
ⓘ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
ⓘ Dittmarite
Formula: (NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
ⓘ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘ Dravite
Formula: NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Dufrénoysite
Formula: Pb2As2S5
ⓘ Dyscrasite
Formula: Ag3Sb
ⓘ Edenite
Formula: NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
ⓘ Elbaite
Formula: Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Erlichmanite
Formula: OsS2
ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)
Formula: (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
ⓘ Fayalite
Formula: Fe2+2(SiO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'
ⓘ Ferronickelplatinum
Formula: Pt2FeNi
Description: Sponge-like crystalline aggregates up to 0.8 mm with composition (Pt1.72Ir0.22)1.94Fe1.05(Ni0.91Cu0.04)1.01. Iridian variety with about 6 mas.% Ir.
ⓘ Ferrotorryweiserite
Formula: Rh5Fe10S16
ⓘ Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
ⓘ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
ⓘ Forsterite
Formula: Mg2(SiO4)
ⓘ Forsterite var. Peridot
Formula: Mg2SiO4
ⓘ Gahnite
Formula: ZnAl2O4
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
ⓘ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Genkinite
Formula: Pt4Sb3
ⓘ Gersdorffite
Formula: NiAsS
ⓘ 'Glass'
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Goethite
Formula: Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ Graphite
Formula: C
Description: "graphitic carbon" inclusions in opal.
ⓘ Greigite ?
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2S4
ⓘ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Halite
Formula: NaCl
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Hastingsite
Formula: NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
ⓘ Hedenbergite
Formula: CaFe2+Si2O6
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Hercynite
Formula: Fe2+Al2O4
ⓘ Hessite
Formula: Ag2Te
ⓘ 'Heulandite Subgroup'
Formula: (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
ⓘ Hollandite
Formula: Ba(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16
ⓘ Hollingworthite
Formula: (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
ⓘ 'Hollingworthite-Irarsite Series'
Description: Inclusions of distorted octahedrons up to 10 mkm size within polyxene grains. It is interesting, that these minerals differ from usual hollingworthites from the same specimen by constant admixture of tellurium on level ~1 mas.%.
ⓘ Holmquistite
Formula: ◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'
Formula: ◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
ⓘ Hotsonite
Formula: Al11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
ⓘ Hydroxylapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
Description: Micro-hexagonal prisms coprecipitated with mitridatite-robertsite.
ⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Description: Fossil remains constituent.
ⓘ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Irarsite
Formula: (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
ⓘ Isoferroplatinum
Formula: Pt3Fe
ⓘ 'Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series'
ⓘ Jordanite
Formula: Pb14As6S23
ⓘ Kaersutite
Formula: NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
ⓘ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Kashinite
Formula: Ir2S3
ⓘ Katophorite
Formula: Na(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
ⓘ 'Kerolite'
Formula: (Mg,Ni)3Si4O10(OH)2 · nH2O (n ~ 1)
ⓘ 'K Feldspar'
ⓘ 'K Feldspar var. Adularia'
Formula: KAlSi3O8
ⓘ Kingstonite (TL)
Formula: Rh3S4
Type Locality:
ⓘ Kogarkoite
Formula: Na3(SO4)F
ⓘ Kyanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘ Laitakarite
Formula: Bi4(Se,S)3
ⓘ Laumontite
Formula: CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
ⓘ Laurite
Formula: RuS2
ⓘ 'Lepidolite'
ⓘ Leucite
Formula: K(AlSi2O6)
ⓘ 'Limonite'
ⓘ Lithiophilite
Formula: LiMn2+PO4
ⓘ Lizardite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Mackinawite
Formula: FeS
ⓘ Magnesiochromite
Formula: MgCr2O4
ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
ⓘ Magnesite
Formula: MgCO3
ⓘ Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite
Formula: (Mg,Fe)CO3
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Magnetite var. Chrommagnetite
Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
Description: Octahedral crystals up to 1 mm with Cr2O3 contents about 2-3 mas.%.
ⓘ Magnetite var. Ishkulite
Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
ⓘ Manganite
Formula: Mn3+O(OH)
ⓘ Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
ⓘ 'Melilite Group'
Formula: Ca2M(XSiO7)
ⓘ Meneghinite
Formula: Pb13CuSb7S24
ⓘ Meta-autunite
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
References:
Pavel Kartashov's analytical dataIdentified by Pavel Kartashov: Visual Identification
ⓘ 'Mica Group'
ⓘ Microcline
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Habit: Carlsbader-,Baveno and Manebacher twins
Colour: Green
Description: Crystals up to 30 cm
ⓘ 'Microlite Group'
Formula: A2-mTa2X6-wZ1-n
ⓘ Milarite
Formula: K(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
ⓘ Millerite
Formula: NiS
ⓘ Mitridatite
Formula: Ca2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Description: Feathery olive-green microcrystals.
ⓘ Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
ⓘ Montmorillonite
Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘ Mordenite
Formula: (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite
Formula: K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite
Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Muthmannite
Formula: AuAgTe2
ⓘ Native Antimony
Formula: Sb
ⓘ Native Bismuth
Formula: Bi
ⓘ Native Gold
Formula: Au
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum
Formula: (Au,Ag)
ⓘ Native Iridium
Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘ Native Lead
Formula: Pb
ⓘ Native Osmium
Formula: (Os,Ir,Ru)
ⓘ Native Osmium var. Iridosmine
Formula: (Os,Ir)
ⓘ Native Platinum
Formula: Pt
ⓘ Native Platinum var. Polyxene
Formula: (Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
ⓘ Native Ruthenium
Formula: (Ru,Ir)
ⓘ Native Silver
Formula: Ag
ⓘ Native Sulphur
Formula: S8
ⓘ Natrolite
Formula: Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
ⓘ Natron
Formula: Na2CO3 · 10H2O
ⓘ Nepheline
Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Nickeline
Formula: NiAs
ⓘ Nisbite
Formula: NiSb2
ⓘ 'Olivine Group'
Formula: M2SiO4
ⓘ Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Opal var. Opal-AN
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘ Opal var. Opal-CT
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Fluorescence: white or bluish‐white
ⓘ Opal var. Precious Fire Opal
ⓘ Opal var. Precious Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘ Opal var. White Opal
ⓘ Orpiment
Formula: As2S3
ⓘ Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'
References:
Barberi, F., Borsi, S., Ferrara, G., Marinelli, G., Santacroce, R., Tazieff, H., & Varet, J. (1972). Evolution of the Danakil Depression (Afar, Ethiopia) in light of radiometric age determinations. The Journal of Geology, 80(6), 720-729. doi.org/10.1086/627797
Barberi, F., Chedeville, E., Faure, H., Marinelli, G., Santacroce, R., Tazieff, H., & Varet, J. (1973). Geology of Northern Afar (Ethiopia). (with a geological map, scale 1:500000). Revue de Geographie Physique et de Geologie Dynamique, Paris, 15, 443-489.
Barberi, F.; Santacroce, R.; Varet, J. (1974) Silicic peralkaline volcanic rocks of the Afar Depression (Ethiopia). Bulletin Volcanologique, 38 (2). 755-790 doi:10.1007/bf02596907
BARBERI, F., FERRARA, G., SANTACROCE, R., TREUIL, M., VARET, J. (1975) A Transitional Basalt-Pantellerite Sequence of Fractional Crystallization, the Boina Centre (Afar Rift, Ethiopia) Journal of Petrology, 16 (1) 22-56 doi:10.1093/petrology/16.1.22
ⓘ Paragonite
Formula: NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Pentlandite
Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘ Petalite ?
Formula: LiAl(Si4O10)
ⓘ Petzite
Formula: Ag3AuTe2
ⓘ Phenakite
Formula: Be2SiO4
ⓘ Phillipsite-Ca
Formula: Ca3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
ⓘ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Pilsenite
Formula: Bi4Te3
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
ⓘ Pollucite
Formula: (Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
ⓘ Polydymite
Formula: Ni2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘ 'Prassoite'
Formula: Rh17S15
ⓘ Prehnite
Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'
Formula: A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
ⓘ Pyrolusite
Formula: Mn4+O2
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 46 localities in this region.
ⓘ Quartz var. Agate
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst
Formula: SiO2
References:
albert russ
ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ 'Quartz-beta'
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ 'Rhombohedral Carbonate'
Formula: (Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
ⓘ Riebeckite
Formula: ◻Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Robertsite
Formula: Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Description: Mitridatite-robertsite series.
ⓘ Romanèchite
Formula: (Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
ⓘ 'Roseite'
Formula: (Os,Ir)S
ⓘ Rutheniridosmine
Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Sanidine
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Scheelite
Formula: Ca(WO4)
Description: rare
ⓘ Schorl
Formula: NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Scolecite
Formula: CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
ⓘ Sillimanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘ 'Smectite Group'
Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
ⓘ Sodalite
Formula: Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
ⓘ 'Sodic amphibole'
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Sperrylite
Formula: PtAs2
ⓘ Sperrylite var. Platarsite
Formula: Pt(As,S)2
ⓘ Spessartine
Formula: Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
ⓘ 'Spinel Subgroup'
Formula: A2+D3+2O4
Description: (undetermined species other than magnetite and chromite)
ⓘ Spodumene
Formula: LiAlSi2O6
ⓘ Spodumene var. Kunzite
Formula: LiAlSi2O6
ⓘ Staurolite
Formula: Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)
ⓘ Stellerite
Formula: Ca4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
ⓘ Stevensite
Formula: (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Stibiopalladinite
Formula: Pd5Sb2
ⓘ Stilbite-Ca
Formula: NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
ⓘ 'Stilbite Subgroup'
Formula: M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
ⓘ Stumpflite
Formula: PtSb
ⓘ Stützite
Formula: Ag5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36
ⓘ Swinefordite
Formula: Li(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
ⓘ Sylvanite
Formula: AgAuTe4
ⓘ Sylvite
Formula: KCl
ⓘ Talc
Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Tantalite'
Formula: (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)
Formula: Mn2+Ta2O6
ⓘ 'Tapiolite'
Formula: (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ 'Tennantite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
ⓘ Tetraferroplatinum
Formula: PtFe
ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Group'
Formula: M2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z)
ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
ⓘ Titanite
Formula: CaTiO(SiO4)
ⓘ 'Tongxinite'
Formula: Cu2Zn
ⓘ Topaz
Formula: Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
ⓘ 'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Tremolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Troilite
Formula: FeS
ⓘ Trona
Formula: Na3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
ⓘ Tsumoite
Formula: BiTe
ⓘ Tulameenite
Formula: Pt2CuFe
ⓘ Tulameenite var. Antimony-bearing Tulameenite
Formula: (Pt,Sb)2CuFe
ⓘ Turquoise
Formula: CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
ⓘ Ullmannite
Formula: NiSbS
ⓘ 'UM1981-08-E:FeIrPtRhRu'
Formula: Ir-Fe-Pt-Rh-Ru-O-H ?
ⓘ 'UM1981-13-S:CoFeNiRh'
Formula: (Fe,Ni,Rh,Co)9S8
ⓘ 'UM1981-14-S:CuFeIrNiRh'
Formula: (Fe,Ni,Ir,Rh,Cu,Pt,Co)1.06S0.94
ⓘ 'UM1981-15-S:CuFeIrNiRh'
Formula: (Rh,Fe,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
ⓘ 'UM1981-16-S:CuFeIrNiRh'
Formula: (Fe,Rh,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
ⓘ 'UM1981-17-S:CuIrPtRh'
Formula: Pt(Rh,Ir)CuS4
ⓘ 'UM1981-29-Te:BiRh'
Formula: Rh(Te,Bi)2
ⓘ 'UM1992-24-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh'
Formula: (Rh,Pt,Ir)3(Fe,Ni,Cu)3S8
ⓘ 'UM1992-31-Sb:AsPdRh'
Formula: (Pd,Rh)2(Sb,As)
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Pt-Fe Alloy)'
Formula: Pt2Fe
ⓘ Uraninite
Formula: UO2
References:
Pavel Kartashov's analytical dataIdentified by Pavel Kartashov: Visual Identification
ⓘ 'Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)'
Formula: (Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
ⓘ Uvarovite
Formula: Ca3Cr3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Vermiculite
Formula: Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
ⓘ Violarite
Formula: Fe2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘ 'Wad'
ⓘ Wairakite
Formula: Ca(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
ⓘ Weddellite
Formula: Ca(C2O4) · (2.5-x)H2O
ⓘ Whewellite
Formula: Ca(C2O4) · H2O
ⓘ Wilkinsonite
Formula: Na2Fe2+4Fe3+2(Si6O18)O2
ⓘ Wodginite
Formula: Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
ⓘ 'Zeolite Group'
ⓘ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Zircon var. Cyrtolite
Formula: Zr[(SiO4),(OH)4]

Gallery:

Be3Al2(Si6O18)ⓘ Beryl var. Emerald
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Emerald

Shakiso, Borena Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
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Emerald, etc.

Kenticha pegmatite field, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Emerald, etc.

Kenticha pegmatite field, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Emerald

Shakiso, Borena Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Emerald, etc.

Kenticha pegmatite field, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Emerald, etc.

Kenticha pegmatite field, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Emerald

Shakiso, Borena Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Emerald, etc.

Kenticha pegmatite field, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8ⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore
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Chromium-bearing Clinochlore, etc.

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
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Chromium-bearing Clinochlore, etc.

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Chromium-bearing Clinochlore, etc.

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
Pt2FeNiⓘ Ferronickelplatinum
trans.png
Ferronickelplatinum, etc.

Bir Bir River, Yubdo District, Gimbi, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Ferronickelplatinum, etc.

Bir Bir River, Yubdo District, Gimbi, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Ferronickelplatinum, etc.

Bir Bir River, Yubdo District, Gimbi, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
MgCr2O4ⓘ Magnesiochromite
trans.png
Magnesiochromite, etc.

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Magnesiochromite, etc.

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Magnesiochromite, etc.

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
K(AlSi3O8)ⓘ Microcline
trans.png
Microcline

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Microcline, etc.

Kenticha mine, Kenticha pegmatite field, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Microcline, etc.

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Microcline

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Microcline, etc.

Kenticha mine, Kenticha pegmatite field, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Microcline, etc.

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Microcline

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Microcline, etc.

Kenticha mine, Kenticha pegmatite field, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
K(AlSi3O8)ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite
trans.png
Amazonite

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite, etc.

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite, etc.

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite, etc.

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
Auⓘ Native Gold
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Native Gold

Tulu Kapi gold deposit, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
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Native Gold, etc.

Bir Bir River, Yubdo District, Gimbi, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
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Native Gold

Tulu Kapi gold deposit, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
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Native Gold, etc.

Bir Bir River, Yubdo District, Gimbi, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Native Gold

Tulu Kapi gold deposit, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Native Gold, etc.

Bir Bir River, Yubdo District, Gimbi, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
(Ir,Os,Ru)ⓘ Native Iridium
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Native Iridium

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
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Native Iridium

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Native Iridium

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Native Iridium

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Native Iridium

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Native Iridium

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)ⓘ Native Platinum var. Polyxene
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Polyxene

Bir Bir River, Yubdo District, Gimbi, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
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Polyxene

Bir Bir River, Yubdo District, Gimbi, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Polyxene

Bir Bir River, Yubdo District, Gimbi, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
SiO2 · nH2Oⓘ Opal
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Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
SiO2 · nH2Oⓘ Opal var. Precious Opal
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Precious Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Precious Opal

South Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Precious Opal

South Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Precious Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Precious Opal

South Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Precious Opal

South Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Precious Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Precious Opal

South Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
SiO2ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz
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Smoky Quartz, etc.

Kashale, Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
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Smoky Quartz

Kashale, Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
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Smoky Quartz, etc.

Kashale, Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Smoky Quartz, etc.

Kashale, Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
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Smoky Quartz

Kashale, Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Smoky Quartz, etc.

Kashale, Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Smoky Quartz, etc.

Kashale, Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
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Smoky Quartz

Kashale, Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘNative Gold
var. Electrum		1.AA.05(Au,Ag)
ⓘ1.AA.05Au
ⓘNative Lead1.AA.05Pb
ⓘNative Silver1.AA.05Ag
ⓘ'Tongxinite'1.AB.10bCu2Zn
ⓘAwaruite1.AE.20Ni3Fe
ⓘNative Osmium1.AF.05(Os,Ir,Ru)
ⓘRutheniridosmine1.AF.05(Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘNative Ruthenium1.AF.05(Ru,Ir)
ⓘNative Osmium
var. Iridosmine		1.AF.05(Os,Ir)
ⓘNative Iridium1.AF.10(Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘNative Platinum1.AF.10Pt
ⓘvar. Polyxene1.AF.10(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
ⓘIsoferroplatinum1.AG.35Pt3Fe
ⓘFerronickelplatinum1.AG.40Pt2FeNi
ⓘTetraferroplatinum1.AG.40PtFe
ⓘTulameenite1.AG.40Pt2CuFe
ⓘvar. Antimony-bearing Tulameenite1.AG.40(Pt,Sb)2CuFe
ⓘNative Antimony1.CA.05Sb
ⓘNative Bismuth1.CA.05Bi
ⓘGraphite1.CB.05aC
ⓘNative Sulphur1.CC.05S8
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘDyscrasite2.AA.35Ag3Sb
ⓘStibiopalladinite2.AC.20aPd5Sb2
ⓘGenkinite2.AC.35aPt4Sb3
ⓘBornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
ⓘHessite2.BA.60Ag2Te
ⓘStützite2.BA.65Ag5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36
ⓘPetzite2.BA.75Ag3AuTe2
ⓘArgentopentlandite2.BB.15Ag(Fe,Ni)8S8
ⓘPentlandite2.BB.15(NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘCubanite2.CB.55aCuFe2S3
ⓘMuthmannite2.CB.85AuAgTe2
ⓘFerrotorryweiserite2.CC.Rh5Fe10S16
ⓘBreithauptite2.CC.05NiSb
ⓘNickeline2.CC.05NiAs
ⓘStumpflite2.CC.05PtSb
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘTroilite2.CC.10FeS
ⓘMillerite2.CC.20NiS
ⓘMackinawite2.CC.25FeS
ⓘAltaite ?2.CD.10PbTe
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘCuprorhodsite2.DA.05(Cu+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh3+2S4
ⓘGreigite ?2.DA.05Fe2+Fe3+2S4
ⓘPolydymite2.DA.05Ni2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘViolarite2.DA.05Fe2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘKingstonite (TL)2.DA.25Rh3S4
ⓘBismuthinite2.DB.05Bi2S3
ⓘBowieite2.DB.15Rh2S3
ⓘKashinite2.DB.15Ir2S3
ⓘLaitakarite2.DC.05Bi4(Se,S)3
ⓘPilsenite2.DC.05Bi4Te3
ⓘTsumoite2.DC.05BiTe
ⓘSylvanite2.EA.05AgAuTe4
ⓘCalaverite2.EA.10AuTe2
ⓘMolybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
ⓘAndrieslombaardite (TL)2.EB.RhSbS
ⓘAurostibite2.EB.05aAuSb2
ⓘErlichmanite2.EB.05aOsS2
ⓘLaurite2.EB.05aRuS2
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘSperrylite2.EB.05aPtAs2
ⓘMarcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
ⓘNisbite2.EB.15aNiSb2
ⓘArsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
ⓘCobaltite2.EB.25CoAsS
ⓘGersdorffite2.EB.25NiAsS
ⓘHollingworthite2.EB.25(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
ⓘIrarsite2.EB.25(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
ⓘSperrylite
var. Platarsite		2.EB.25Pt(As,S)2
ⓘUllmannite2.EB.25NiSbS
ⓘOrpiment2.FA.30As2S3
ⓘBournonite2.GA.50PbCuSbS3
ⓘ'Tennantite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
ⓘ'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
ⓘMeneghinite2.HB.05bPb13CuSb7S24
ⓘDufrénoysite2.HC.05dPb2As2S5
ⓘBoulangerite2.HC.15Pb5Sb4S11
ⓘJordanite2.JB.30aPb14As6S23
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘHalite3.AA.20NaCl
ⓘSylvite3.AA.20KCl
ⓘFluorite3.AB.25CaF2
ⓘCarnallite3.BA.10KMgCl3 · 6H2O
ⓘBischofite3.BB.15MgCl2 · 6H2O
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ'Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series'4..
ⓘ'Microlite Group'4.00.A2-mTa2X6-wZ1-n
ⓘ'Pyrochlore Group'4.00.A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
ⓘChromite4.BB.05Fe2+Cr3+2O4
ⓘGahnite4.BB.05ZnAl2O4
ⓘHercynite4.BB.05Fe2+Al2O4
ⓘMagnesiochromite4.BB.05MgCr2O4
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘvar. Ishkulite4.BB.05Fe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
ⓘvar. Chrommagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
ⓘCorundum4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
ⓘCorundum
var. Ruby		4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘvar. Sapphire4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘQuartz
var. Agate		4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Amethyst4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Chalcedony4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘ4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Smoky Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘOpal
var. Opal-AN		4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘ4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘvar. Precious Opal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘvar. Precious Fire Opal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘvar. White Opal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘvar. Opal-CT4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘ'Quartz-beta'4.DA.55SiO2
ⓘCassiterite4.DB.05SnO2
ⓘPyrolusite4.DB.05Mn4+O2
ⓘRutile4.DB.05TiO2
ⓘColumbite-(Fe)4.DB.35Fe2+Nb2O6
ⓘColumbite-(Mn)4.DB.35Mn2+Nb2O6
ⓘTantalite-(Mn)4.DB.35Mn2+Ta2O6
ⓘWodginite4.DB.40Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
ⓘAnatase4.DD.05TiO2
ⓘBrookite4.DD.10TiO2
ⓘEuxenite-(Y)4.DG.05(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
ⓘHollandite4.DK.05aBa(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16
ⓘRomanèchite4.DK.10(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
ⓘUraninite4.DL.05UO2
ⓘGoethite4.FD.10Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘManganite4.FD.15Mn3+O(OH)
ⓘBrucite4.FE.05Mg(OH)2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘMagnesite
var. Iron-bearing Magnesite		5.AB.05(Mg,Fe)CO3
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘMagnesite5.AB.05MgCO3
ⓘAnkerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
ⓘDolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘDawsonite5.BB.10NaAlCO3(OH)2
ⓘBismutite5.BE.25(BiO)2CO3
ⓘNatron5.CB.10Na2CO3 · 10H2O
ⓘTrona5.CB.15Na3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘAnhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
ⓘAlunite7.BC.10KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘKogarkoite7.BD.15Na3(SO4)F
ⓘGypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘScheelite7.GA.05Ca(WO4)
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘLithiophilite8.AB.10LiMn2+PO4
ⓘAmblygonite8.BB.05LiAl(PO4)F
ⓘHydroxylapatite
var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite		8.BN.05Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
ⓘFluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
ⓘHydroxylapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
ⓘAnnabergite8.CE.40Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘDittmarite8.CH.20(NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
ⓘBrushite8.CJ.50Ca(PO3OH) · 2H2O
ⓘTurquoise8.DD.15CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
ⓘHotsonite8.DF.05Al11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
ⓘMitridatite8.DH.30Ca2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
ⓘRobertsite8.DH.30Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
ⓘMeta-autunite8.EB.10Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘChrysotile9.00.Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘPhenakite9.AA.05Be2SiO4
ⓘFayalite9.AC.05Fe2+2(SiO4)
ⓘForsterite9.AC.05Mg2(SiO4)
ⓘvar. Peridot9.AC.05Mg2SiO4
ⓘAndradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘAlmandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘSpessartine9.AD.25Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘUvarovite9.AD.25Ca3Cr3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘAndradite
var. Melanite		9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘvar. Cyrtolite9.AD.30Zr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
ⓘSillimanite9.AF.05Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘAndalusite9.AF.10Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘKyanite9.AF.15Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘStaurolite9.AF.30Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)
ⓘTopaz9.AF.35Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
ⓘTitanite9.AG.15CaTiO(SiO4)
ⓘClinozoisite9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘEpidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘBeryl
var. Aquamarine		9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘ9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘvar. Emerald9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘCordierite9.CJ.10Mg2Al4Si5O18
ⓘDravite9.CK.05NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘElbaite9.CK.05Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘSchorl9.CK.05NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘMilarite9.CM.05K(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
ⓘAugite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘDiopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘHedenbergite9.DA.15CaFe2+Si2O6
ⓘAugite
var. Titanium-bearing Augite		9.DA.15(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
ⓘvar. Ferroaugite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘvar. Ferrohedenbergite9.DA.15(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
ⓘAegirine-augite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
ⓘAegirine9.DA.25NaFe3+Si2O6
ⓘSpodumene
var. Kunzite		9.DA.30LiAlSi2O6
ⓘ9.DA.30LiAlSi2O6
ⓘAnthophyllite9.DD.05◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘHolmquistite9.DD.05◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘCummingtonite9.DE.05◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘActinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘMagnesio-hornblende9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
ⓘTremolite9.DE.10◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘEdenite9.DE.15NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
ⓘHastingsite9.DE.15NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
ⓘKaersutite9.DE.15NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
ⓘKatophorite9.DE.20Na(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
ⓘArfvedsonite9.DE.25NaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘRiebeckite9.DE.25◻Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘAenigmatite9.DH.40Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
ⓘWilkinsonite9.DH.40Na2Fe2+4Fe3+2(Si6O18)O2
ⓘPrehnite9.DP.20Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘTalc9.EC.05Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘMuscovite
var. Fuchsite		9.EC.15K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘvar. Illite9.EC.15K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
ⓘ9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘParagonite9.EC.15NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘMuscovite
var. Sericite		9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘPhlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘMontmorillonite9.EC.40(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘStevensite9.EC.45(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
ⓘSwinefordite9.EC.45Li(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
ⓘVermiculite9.EC.50Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
ⓘClinochlore9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘvar. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore9.EC.55Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
ⓘCorrensite9.EC.60(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
ⓘKaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘAntigorite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘLizardite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘPetalite ?9.EF.05LiAl(Si4O10)
ⓘNepheline9.FA.05Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
ⓘMicrocline
var. Amazonite		9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘOrthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘSanidine9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘAlbite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘvar. Andesine9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘAnorthite9.FA.35Ca(Al2Si2O8)
ⓘAlbite
var. Anorthoclase		9.FA.35(Na,K)AlSi3O8
ⓘAnorthite
var. Bytownite		9.FA.35(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
ⓘvar. Labradorite9.FA.35(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
ⓘAlbite
var. Oligoclase		9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘvar. Cleavelandite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘSodalite9.FB.10Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
ⓘ'Zeolite Group'9.G0.
ⓘNatrolite9.GA.05Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
ⓘScolecite9.GA.05CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
ⓘAnalcime9.GB.05Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
ⓘLeucite9.GB.05K(AlSi2O6)
ⓘPollucite9.GB.05(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
ⓘWairakite9.GB.05Ca(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
ⓘLaumontite9.GB.10CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
ⓘPhillipsite-Ca9.GC.10Ca3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
ⓘMordenite9.GD.35(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
ⓘStilbite-Ca9.GE.10NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
ⓘBarrerite9.GE.15Na2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
ⓘStellerite9.GE.15Ca4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Group 10 - Organic Compounds
ⓘWeddellite10.AB.40Ca(C2O4) · (2.5-x)H2O
ⓘWhewellite10.AB.45Ca(C2O4) · H2O
Unclassified
ⓘ'K Feldspar
var. Adularia'		-KAlSi3O8
ⓘ'Alkali Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Amber'-
ⓘ'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5(T8O22)W2
ⓘ'Asbestos'-
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Chabazite'-
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'-
ⓘ'Clinoptilolite Subgroup'-(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Heulandite Subgroup'-(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
ⓘ'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup
var. Hornblende'		-AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ'Lepidolite'-
ⓘ'Limonite'-
ⓘ'Stilbite Subgroup'-M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
ⓘ'Tantalite'-(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ'Tapiolite'-(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ'Tourmaline'-AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ'Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)'-(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
ⓘ'Wad'-
ⓘ'Feldspar Group
var. Perthite'		-
ⓘ'Mica Group'-
ⓘ'Kerolite'-(Mg,Ni)3Si4O10(OH)2 · nH2O (n ~ 1)
ⓘ'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Unnamed (Pt-Fe Alloy)'-Pt2Fe
ⓘ'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
ⓘ'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'-
ⓘ'Hornblende Root Name Group'-◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
ⓘ'Hollingworthite-Irarsite Series'-
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'K Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
ⓘ'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Smectite Group'-A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
ⓘ'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
ⓘ'Prassoite'-Rh17S15
ⓘ'Glass'-
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3A
ⓘ'Olivine Group'-M2SiO4
ⓘ'Melilite Group'-Ca2M(XSiO7)
ⓘ'Tetrahedrite Group'-M2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z)
ⓘ'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'-AnCa2(C2+5-mC3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
ⓘ'UM1981-08-E:FeIrPtRhRu'-Ir-Fe-Pt-Rh-Ru-O-H ?
ⓘ'UM1981-29-Te:BiRh'-Rh(Te,Bi)2
ⓘ'UM1981-13-S:CoFeNiRh'-(Fe,Ni,Rh,Co)9S8
ⓘ'UM1981-14-S:CuFeIrNiRh'-(Fe,Ni,Ir,Rh,Cu,Pt,Co)1.06S0.94
ⓘ'UM1981-15-S:CuFeIrNiRh'-(Rh,Fe,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
ⓘ'UM1981-16-S:CuFeIrNiRh'-(Fe,Rh,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
ⓘ'UM1981-17-S:CuIrPtRh'-Pt(Rh,Ir)CuS4
ⓘ'Carbonate'-
ⓘ'Sodic amphibole'-
ⓘ'Alkali pyroxene'-
ⓘ'Spinel Subgroup'-A2+D3+2O4
ⓘ'UM1992-24-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh'-(Rh,Pt,Ir)3(Fe,Ni,Cu)3S8
ⓘ'UM1992-31-Sb:AsPdRh'-(Pd,Rh)2(Sb,As)
ⓘ'Rhombohedral Carbonate'-(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
ⓘ'Roseite'-(Os,Ir)S

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Hⓘ AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Hⓘ Anthophyllite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ ArfvedsoniteNaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ BarreriteNa2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hⓘ BischofiteMgCl2 · 6H2O
Hⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Hⓘ BruciteMg(OH)2
Hⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Hⓘ CarnalliteKMgCl3 · 6H2O
Hⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Hⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Hⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
Hⓘ Cummingtonite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Hⓘ Dittmarite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
Hⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Hⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Hⓘ Holmquistite◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Hⓘ HotsoniteAl11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
Hⓘ Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Hⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Hⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Hⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Hⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ ManganiteMn3+O(OH)
Hⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Hⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Hⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Hⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
Hⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Hⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Hⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Hⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Hⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Hⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Hⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Hⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Hⓘ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Hⓘ Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Hⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
Hⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Hⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Hⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Hⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Hⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Hⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Hⓘ WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Hⓘ WeddelliteCa(C2O4) · (2.5-x)H2O
Hⓘ WhewelliteCa(C2O4) · H2O
Hⓘ Opal var. Precious OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ Kerolite(Mg,Ni)3Si4O10(OH)2 · nH2O (n ~ 1)
Hⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Hⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Hⓘ Zircon var. CyrtoliteZr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
Hⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
Hⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Hⓘ Opal var. Opal-CTSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ UM1981-08-E:FeIrPtRhRuIr-Fe-Pt-Rh-Ru-O-H ?
LiLithium
Liⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Liⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Liⓘ Holmquistite◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Liⓘ Spodumene var. KunziteLiAlSi2O6
Liⓘ LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Liⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Liⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Liⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
BeBeryllium
Beⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Beⓘ Beryl var. EmeraldBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Beⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Beⓘ PhenakiteBe2SiO4
BBoron
Bⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
CCarbon
Cⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Cⓘ Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
Cⓘ Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Cⓘ DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Cⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cⓘ GraphiteC
Cⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Cⓘ NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
Cⓘ TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Cⓘ WeddelliteCa(C2O4) · (2.5-x)H2O
Cⓘ WhewelliteCa(C2O4) · H2O
Cⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
NNitrogen
Nⓘ Dittmarite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
OOxygen
Oⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Oⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Oⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Oⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Oⓘ Quartz var. AgateSiO2
Oⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ Microcline var. AmazoniteK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Oⓘ Quartz var. AmethystSiO2
Oⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5(T8O22)W2
Oⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Oⓘ AnataseTiO2
Oⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Oⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Oⓘ AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Oⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Oⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Oⓘ Anthophyllite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ ArfvedsoniteNaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ BarreriteNa2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oⓘ BischofiteMgCl2 · 6H2O
Oⓘ Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
Oⓘ Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Oⓘ BrookiteTiO2
Oⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Oⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Oⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Oⓘ BruciteMg(OH)2
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Oⓘ CarnalliteKMgCl3 · 6H2O
Oⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
Oⓘ Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Oⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Oⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Oⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Oⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Oⓘ Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
Oⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Oⓘ Cummingtonite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Oⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oⓘ Dittmarite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
Oⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ Beryl var. EmeraldBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Oⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Oⓘ FayaliteFe22+(SiO4)
Oⓘ Columbite-(Fe)Fe2+Nb2O6
Oⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Oⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Oⓘ Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Oⓘ GahniteZnAl2O4
Oⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Oⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Oⓘ HollanditeBa(Mn64+Mn23+)O16
Oⓘ Holmquistite◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Oⓘ HotsoniteAl11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
Oⓘ Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Oⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Oⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Oⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Oⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Oⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ KogarkoiteNa3(SO4)F
Oⓘ Spodumene var. KunziteLiAlSi2O6
Oⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Oⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Oⓘ LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Oⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Oⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Oⓘ MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
Oⓘ ManganiteMn3+O(OH)
Oⓘ Columbite-(Mn)Mn2+Nb2O6
Oⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)Mn2+Ta2O6
Oⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Oⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Oⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Oⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
Oⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Oⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Oⓘ PhenakiteBe2SiO4
Oⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Oⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Oⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Oⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Oⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Oⓘ Corundum var. RubyAl2O3
Oⓘ RutileTiO2
Oⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Corundum var. SapphireAl2O3
Oⓘ ScheeliteCa(WO4)
Oⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Oⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Oⓘ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Oⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Oⓘ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Oⓘ Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Oⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
Oⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Oⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Oⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Oⓘ TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Oⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Oⓘ TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Oⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Oⓘ UraniniteUO2
Oⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Oⓘ UvaroviteCa3Cr23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Oⓘ WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Oⓘ WeddelliteCa(C2O4) · (2.5-x)H2O
Oⓘ WhewelliteCa(C2O4) · H2O
Oⓘ WilkinsoniteNa2Fe42+Fe23+(Si6O18)O2
Oⓘ WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Oⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ Opal var. Precious OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ Kerolite(Mg,Ni)3Si4O10(OH)2 · nH2O (n ~ 1)
Oⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Oⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Oⓘ Quartz-betaSiO2
Oⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Zircon var. CyrtoliteZr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
Oⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Forsterite var. PeridotMg2SiO4
Oⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Oⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Oⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Oⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Oⓘ Magnetite var. IshkuliteFe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
Oⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Oⓘ Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
Oⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Oⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
Oⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Oⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Oⓘ Opal var. Opal-CTSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ Magnetite var. ChrommagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
Oⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ UM1981-08-E:FeIrPtRhRuIr-Fe-Pt-Rh-Ru-O-H ?
Oⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
Oⓘ Spinel SubgroupA2+D23+O4
Oⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
FFluorine
Fⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Fⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Fⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Fⓘ KogarkoiteNa3(SO4)F
Fⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
Fⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
NaSodium
Naⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Naⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Naⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Naⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Naⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Naⓘ ArfvedsoniteNaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Naⓘ BarreriteNa2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
Naⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Naⓘ DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Naⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Naⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ HaliteNaCl
Naⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Naⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Naⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Naⓘ KogarkoiteNa3(SO4)F
Naⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Naⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Naⓘ NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
Naⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Naⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Naⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Naⓘ ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Naⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Naⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Naⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Naⓘ Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
Naⓘ TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Naⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Naⓘ WilkinsoniteNa2Fe42+Fe23+(Si6O18)O2
Naⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Naⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Naⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mgⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mgⓘ Anthophyllite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgⓘ BischofiteMgCl2 · 6H2O
Mgⓘ Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Mgⓘ BruciteMg(OH)2
Mgⓘ CarnalliteKMgCl3 · 6H2O
Mgⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mgⓘ CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Mgⓘ Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
Mgⓘ Cummingtonite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ Dittmarite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
Mgⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Mgⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Mgⓘ Holmquistite◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Mgⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Mgⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Mgⓘ MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
Mgⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Mgⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
Mgⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Mgⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Mgⓘ Kerolite(Mg,Ni)3Si4O10(OH)2 · nH2O (n ~ 1)
Mgⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Forsterite var. PeridotMg2SiO4
Mgⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Mgⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Mgⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
AlAluminium
Alⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Alⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Alⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Alⓘ Microcline var. AmazoniteK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Alⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Alⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Alⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Alⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ BarreriteNa2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Alⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Alⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Alⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Alⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Alⓘ Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
Alⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Alⓘ DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Alⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ Beryl var. EmeraldBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Alⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Alⓘ GahniteZnAl2O4
Alⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Alⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Alⓘ Holmquistite◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Alⓘ HotsoniteAl11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
Alⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Alⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Alⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Alⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alⓘ Spodumene var. KunziteLiAlSi2O6
Alⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Alⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Alⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Alⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Alⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Alⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Alⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Alⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Alⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Alⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Alⓘ Corundum var. RubyAl2O3
Alⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Corundum var. SapphireAl2O3
Alⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Alⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Alⓘ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Alⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Alⓘ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Alⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Alⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
Alⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Alⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Alⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Alⓘ WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Alⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Alⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Alⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Alⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Alⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Alⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
SiSilicon
Siⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Siⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Siⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Siⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Siⓘ Quartz var. AgateSiO2
Siⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Microcline var. AmazoniteK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Quartz var. AmethystSiO2
Siⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Siⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Siⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Siⓘ Anthophyllite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ ArfvedsoniteNaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ BarreriteNa2(Si7Al2)O18 · 6H2O
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Siⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Siⓘ Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Siⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Siⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Siⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Siⓘ Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
Siⓘ Cummingtonite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ Beryl var. EmeraldBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Siⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ FayaliteFe22+(SiO4)
Siⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Siⓘ Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Siⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Siⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Siⓘ Holmquistite◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Siⓘ Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Siⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Siⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Siⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ Spodumene var. KunziteLiAlSi2O6
Siⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Siⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Siⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Siⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Siⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Siⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Siⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Siⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Siⓘ PhenakiteBe2SiO4
Siⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Siⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Siⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Siⓘ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Siⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Siⓘ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Siⓘ Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Siⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
Siⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Siⓘ TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Siⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Siⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ UvaroviteCa3Cr23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Siⓘ WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Siⓘ WilkinsoniteNa2Fe42+Fe23+(Si6O18)O2
Siⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ Opal var. Precious OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ Kerolite(Mg,Ni)3Si4O10(OH)2 · nH2O (n ~ 1)
Siⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Siⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Siⓘ Quartz-betaSiO2
Siⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Zircon var. CyrtoliteZr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
Siⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Forsterite var. PeridotMg2SiO4
Siⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Siⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Siⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Siⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Siⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Siⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Siⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Siⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
Siⓘ Opal var. Opal-CTSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Pⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Pⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Pⓘ Dittmarite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
Pⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Pⓘ HotsoniteAl11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
Pⓘ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Pⓘ LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Pⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Pⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Pⓘ RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Pⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Pⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
SSulfur
Sⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Sⓘ ArgentopentlanditeAg(Fe,Ni)8S8
Sⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Sⓘ BismuthiniteBi2S3
Sⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Sⓘ BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
Sⓘ BournonitePbCuSbS3
Sⓘ BowieiteRh2S3
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ CobaltiteCoAsS
Sⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Sⓘ Cuprorhodsite(Cu+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh23+S4
Sⓘ DufrénoysitePb2As2S5
Sⓘ ErlichmaniteOsS2
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Sⓘ GreigiteFe2+Fe23+S4
Sⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Sⓘ HotsoniteAl11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
Sⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Sⓘ JordanitePb14As6S23
Sⓘ KashiniteIr2S3
Sⓘ KogarkoiteNa3(SO4)F
Sⓘ LaitakariteBi4(Se,S)3
Sⓘ LauriteRuS2
Sⓘ MackinawiteFeS
Sⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Sⓘ MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24
Sⓘ MilleriteNiS
Sⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
Sⓘ OrpimentAs2S3
Sⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Sⓘ Sperrylite var. PlatarsitePt(As,S)2
Sⓘ PolydymiteNi2+Ni23+S4
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Sⓘ Native SulphurS8
Sⓘ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Sⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Sⓘ TroiliteFeS
Sⓘ UllmanniteNiSbS
Sⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Sⓘ Hollingworthite-Irarsite Series
Sⓘ PrassoiteRh17S15
Sⓘ KingstoniteRh3S4
Sⓘ Tetrahedrite GroupM2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z)
Sⓘ UM1981-13-S:CoFeNiRh(Fe,Ni,Rh,Co)9S8
Sⓘ UM1981-14-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Ni,Ir,Rh,Cu,Pt,Co)1.06S0.94
Sⓘ UM1981-15-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Rh,Fe,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
Sⓘ UM1981-16-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Rh,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
Sⓘ UM1981-17-S:CuIrPtRhPt(Rh,Ir)CuS4
Sⓘ UM1992-24-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh(Rh,Pt,Ir)3(Fe,Ni,Cu)3S8
Sⓘ FerrotorryweiseriteRh5Fe10S16
Sⓘ AndrieslombaarditeRhSbS
Sⓘ Roseite(Os,Ir)S
ClChlorine
Clⓘ BischofiteMgCl2 · 6H2O
Clⓘ CarnalliteKMgCl3 · 6H2O
Clⓘ HaliteNaCl
Clⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Clⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Clⓘ SylviteKCl
KPotassium
Kⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Kⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Kⓘ Microcline var. AmazoniteK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kⓘ CarnalliteKMgCl3 · 6H2O
Kⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Kⓘ Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Kⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Kⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Kⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Kⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Kⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Kⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ SylviteKCl
Kⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Caⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Caⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Caⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Caⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Caⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Caⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Caⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Caⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Caⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Caⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Caⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Caⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Caⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Caⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Caⓘ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Caⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Caⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Caⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Caⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Caⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Caⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Caⓘ Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Caⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Caⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Caⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Caⓘ RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Caⓘ ScheeliteCa(WO4)
Caⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Caⓘ StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Caⓘ Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
Caⓘ TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Caⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Caⓘ UvaroviteCa3Cr23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Caⓘ WeddelliteCa(C2O4) · (2.5-x)H2O
Caⓘ WhewelliteCa(C2O4) · H2O
Caⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Caⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Caⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Caⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
Caⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Caⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
Caⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
Caⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Tiⓘ AnataseTiO2
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiⓘ BrookiteTiO2
Tiⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Tiⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Tiⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Tiⓘ RutileTiO2
Tiⓘ TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Tiⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
CrChromium
Crⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Crⓘ Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Crⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Crⓘ MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
Crⓘ UvaroviteCa3Cr23+(SiO4)3
Crⓘ Magnetite var. IshkuliteFe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
Crⓘ Magnetite var. ChrommagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
MnManganese
Mnⓘ HollanditeBa(Mn64+Mn23+)O16
Mnⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Mnⓘ LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Mnⓘ ManganiteMn3+O(OH)
Mnⓘ Columbite-(Mn)Mn2+Nb2O6
Mnⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)Mn2+Ta2O6
Mnⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Mnⓘ RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Mnⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Mnⓘ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Mnⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Mnⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Mnⓘ WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Mnⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Mnⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
FeIron
Feⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Feⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Feⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Feⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Feⓘ ArgentopentlanditeAg(Fe,Ni)8S8
Feⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Feⓘ ArfvedsoniteNaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ AwaruiteNi3Fe
Feⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Feⓘ Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Feⓘ Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
Feⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Feⓘ Cuprorhodsite(Cu+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh23+S4
Feⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Feⓘ FayaliteFe22+(SiO4)
Feⓘ Columbite-(Fe)Fe2+Nb2O6
Feⓘ FerronickelplatinumPt2FeNi
Feⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ GreigiteFe2+Fe23+S4
Feⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Feⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Feⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feⓘ IsoferroplatinumPt3Fe
Feⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Feⓘ MackinawiteFeS
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Feⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Feⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Feⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Feⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Feⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Feⓘ TetraferroplatinumPtFe
Feⓘ TroiliteFeS
Feⓘ TulameenitePt2CuFe
Feⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Feⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Feⓘ WilkinsoniteNa2Fe42+Fe23+(Si6O18)O2
Feⓘ Native Platinum var. Polyxene(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
Feⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ Unnamed (Pt-Fe Alloy)Pt2Fe
Feⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Feⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Feⓘ Magnetite var. IshkuliteFe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
Feⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Feⓘ Magnetite var. ChrommagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
Feⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ UM1981-08-E:FeIrPtRhRuIr-Fe-Pt-Rh-Ru-O-H ?
Feⓘ UM1981-13-S:CoFeNiRh(Fe,Ni,Rh,Co)9S8
Feⓘ UM1981-14-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Ni,Ir,Rh,Cu,Pt,Co)1.06S0.94
Feⓘ UM1981-15-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Rh,Fe,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
Feⓘ UM1981-16-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Rh,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
Feⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
Feⓘ Tulameenite var. Antimony-bearing Tulameenite(Pt,Sb)2CuFe
Feⓘ UM1992-24-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh(Rh,Pt,Ir)3(Fe,Ni,Cu)3S8
Feⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
Feⓘ FerrotorryweiseriteRh5Fe10S16
CoCobalt
Coⓘ CobaltiteCoAsS
Coⓘ UM1981-13-S:CoFeNiRh(Fe,Ni,Rh,Co)9S8
Coⓘ UM1981-14-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Ni,Ir,Rh,Cu,Pt,Co)1.06S0.94
NiNickel
Niⓘ AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Niⓘ ArgentopentlanditeAg(Fe,Ni)8S8
Niⓘ AwaruiteNi3Fe
Niⓘ BreithauptiteNiSb
Niⓘ FerronickelplatinumPt2FeNi
Niⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Niⓘ MilleriteNiS
Niⓘ NickelineNiAs
Niⓘ NisbiteNiSb2
Niⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Niⓘ PolydymiteNi2+Ni23+S4
Niⓘ UllmanniteNiSbS
Niⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Niⓘ Native Platinum var. Polyxene(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
Niⓘ Kerolite(Mg,Ni)3Si4O10(OH)2 · nH2O (n ~ 1)
Niⓘ UM1981-13-S:CoFeNiRh(Fe,Ni,Rh,Co)9S8
Niⓘ UM1981-14-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Ni,Ir,Rh,Cu,Pt,Co)1.06S0.94
Niⓘ UM1981-15-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Rh,Fe,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
Niⓘ UM1981-16-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Rh,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
Niⓘ UM1992-24-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh(Rh,Pt,Ir)3(Fe,Ni,Cu)3S8
CuCopper
Cuⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Cuⓘ BournonitePbCuSbS3
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Cuⓘ Cuprorhodsite(Cu+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh23+S4
Cuⓘ MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24
Cuⓘ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Cuⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Cuⓘ TulameenitePt2CuFe
Cuⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Cuⓘ Native Platinum var. Polyxene(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
Cuⓘ TongxiniteCu2Zn
Cuⓘ UM1981-14-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Ni,Ir,Rh,Cu,Pt,Co)1.06S0.94
Cuⓘ UM1981-15-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Rh,Fe,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
Cuⓘ UM1981-16-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Rh,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
Cuⓘ UM1981-17-S:CuIrPtRhPt(Rh,Ir)CuS4
Cuⓘ Tulameenite var. Antimony-bearing Tulameenite(Pt,Sb)2CuFe
Cuⓘ UM1992-24-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh(Rh,Pt,Ir)3(Fe,Ni,Cu)3S8
ZnZinc
Znⓘ GahniteZnAl2O4
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Znⓘ TongxiniteCu2Zn
AsArsenic
Asⓘ AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Asⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Asⓘ CobaltiteCoAsS
Asⓘ DufrénoysitePb2As2S5
Asⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Asⓘ Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Asⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Asⓘ JordanitePb14As6S23
Asⓘ NickelineNiAs
Asⓘ OrpimentAs2S3
Asⓘ Sperrylite var. PlatarsitePt(As,S)2
Asⓘ SperrylitePtAs2
Asⓘ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Asⓘ Hollingworthite-Irarsite Series
Asⓘ UM1992-31-Sb:AsPdRh(Pd,Rh)2(Sb,As)
SeSelenium
Seⓘ LaitakariteBi4(Se,S)3
YYttrium
Yⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
ZrZirconium
Zrⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Zrⓘ Zircon var. CyrtoliteZr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
NbNiobium
Nbⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Nbⓘ Columbite-(Fe)Fe2+Nb2O6
Nbⓘ Columbite-(Mn)Mn2+Nb2O6
Nbⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Nbⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Nbⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Nbⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Nbⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
MoMolybdenum
Moⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
RuRuthenium
Ruⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Ruⓘ Native Iridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ruⓘ LauriteRuS2
Ruⓘ Native Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
Ruⓘ Rutheniridosmine(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ruⓘ Native Ruthenium(Ru,Ir)
Ruⓘ Hollingworthite-Irarsite Series
Ruⓘ UM1981-08-E:FeIrPtRhRuIr-Fe-Pt-Rh-Ru-O-H ?
RhRhodium
Rhⓘ BowieiteRh2S3
Rhⓘ Cuprorhodsite(Cu+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh23+S4
Rhⓘ Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Rhⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Rhⓘ Native Platinum var. Polyxene(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
Rhⓘ Hollingworthite-Irarsite Series
Rhⓘ PrassoiteRh17S15
Rhⓘ KingstoniteRh3S4
Rhⓘ UM1981-08-E:FeIrPtRhRuIr-Fe-Pt-Rh-Ru-O-H ?
Rhⓘ UM1981-29-Te:BiRhRh(Te,Bi)2
Rhⓘ UM1981-13-S:CoFeNiRh(Fe,Ni,Rh,Co)9S8
Rhⓘ UM1981-14-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Ni,Ir,Rh,Cu,Pt,Co)1.06S0.94
Rhⓘ UM1981-15-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Rh,Fe,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
Rhⓘ UM1981-16-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Rh,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
Rhⓘ UM1981-17-S:CuIrPtRhPt(Rh,Ir)CuS4
Rhⓘ UM1992-24-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh(Rh,Pt,Ir)3(Fe,Ni,Cu)3S8
Rhⓘ UM1992-31-Sb:AsPdRh(Pd,Rh)2(Sb,As)
Rhⓘ FerrotorryweiseriteRh5Fe10S16
Rhⓘ AndrieslombaarditeRhSbS
PdPalladium
Pdⓘ Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Pdⓘ StibiopalladinitePd5Sb2
Pdⓘ Native Platinum var. Polyxene(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
Pdⓘ Hollingworthite-Irarsite Series
Pdⓘ UM1992-31-Sb:AsPdRh(Pd,Rh)2(Sb,As)
AgSilver
Agⓘ ArgentopentlanditeAg(Fe,Ni)8S8
Agⓘ DyscrasiteAg3Sb
Agⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Agⓘ HessiteAg2Te
Agⓘ MuthmanniteAuAgTe2
Agⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
Agⓘ Native SilverAg
Agⓘ StütziteAg5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36
Agⓘ SylvaniteAgAuTe4
SnTin
Snⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
Snⓘ WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
SbAntimony
Sbⓘ Native AntimonySb
Sbⓘ AurostibiteAuSb2
Sbⓘ BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
Sbⓘ BournonitePbCuSbS3
Sbⓘ BreithauptiteNiSb
Sbⓘ DyscrasiteAg3Sb
Sbⓘ GenkinitePt4Sb3
Sbⓘ MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24
Sbⓘ NisbiteNiSb2
Sbⓘ StibiopalladinitePd5Sb2
Sbⓘ StumpflitePtSb
Sbⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Sbⓘ UllmanniteNiSbS
Sbⓘ Tulameenite var. Antimony-bearing Tulameenite(Pt,Sb)2CuFe
Sbⓘ UM1992-31-Sb:AsPdRh(Pd,Rh)2(Sb,As)
Sbⓘ AndrieslombaarditeRhSbS
TeTellurium
Teⓘ AltaitePbTe
Teⓘ CalaveriteAuTe2
Teⓘ HessiteAg2Te
Teⓘ MuthmanniteAuAgTe2
Teⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
Teⓘ PilseniteBi4Te3
Teⓘ StütziteAg5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36
Teⓘ SylvaniteAgAuTe4
Teⓘ TsumoiteBiTe
Teⓘ UM1981-29-Te:BiRhRh(Te,Bi)2
CsCaesium
Csⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
BaBarium
Baⓘ HollanditeBa(Mn64+Mn23+)O16
Baⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
CeCerium
Ceⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
TaTantalum
Taⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Taⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Taⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)Mn2+Ta2O6
Taⓘ Microlite GroupA2-mTa2X6-wZ1-n
Taⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Taⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Taⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Taⓘ WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
WTungsten
Wⓘ ScheeliteCa(WO4)
OsOsmium
Osⓘ ErlichmaniteOsS2
Osⓘ Native Iridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Osⓘ Native Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
Osⓘ Rutheniridosmine(Ir,Os,Ru)
Osⓘ Native Osmium var. Iridosmine(Os,Ir)
Osⓘ Roseite(Os,Ir)S
IrIridium
Irⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Irⓘ Native Iridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Irⓘ KashiniteIr2S3
Irⓘ Native Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
Irⓘ Rutheniridosmine(Ir,Os,Ru)
Irⓘ Native Ruthenium(Ru,Ir)
Irⓘ Native Osmium var. Iridosmine(Os,Ir)
Irⓘ Hollingworthite-Irarsite Series
Irⓘ UM1981-08-E:FeIrPtRhRuIr-Fe-Pt-Rh-Ru-O-H ?
Irⓘ UM1981-14-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Ni,Ir,Rh,Cu,Pt,Co)1.06S0.94
Irⓘ UM1981-15-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Rh,Fe,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
Irⓘ UM1981-16-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Rh,Ni,Cu,Ir)S
Irⓘ UM1981-17-S:CuIrPtRhPt(Rh,Ir)CuS4
Irⓘ UM1992-24-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh(Rh,Pt,Ir)3(Fe,Ni,Cu)3S8
Irⓘ Roseite(Os,Ir)S
PtPlatinum
Ptⓘ FerronickelplatinumPt2FeNi
Ptⓘ GenkinitePt4Sb3
Ptⓘ Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Ptⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Ptⓘ IsoferroplatinumPt3Fe
Ptⓘ Sperrylite var. PlatarsitePt(As,S)2
Ptⓘ Native PlatinumPt
Ptⓘ SperrylitePtAs2
Ptⓘ StumpflitePtSb
Ptⓘ TetraferroplatinumPtFe
Ptⓘ TulameenitePt2CuFe
Ptⓘ Native Platinum var. Polyxene(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
Ptⓘ Unnamed (Pt-Fe Alloy)Pt2Fe
Ptⓘ Hollingworthite-Irarsite Series
Ptⓘ UM1981-08-E:FeIrPtRhRuIr-Fe-Pt-Rh-Ru-O-H ?
Ptⓘ UM1981-14-S:CuFeIrNiRh(Fe,Ni,Ir,Rh,Cu,Pt,Co)1.06S0.94
Ptⓘ UM1981-17-S:CuIrPtRhPt(Rh,Ir)CuS4
Ptⓘ Tulameenite var. Antimony-bearing Tulameenite(Pt,Sb)2CuFe
Ptⓘ UM1992-24-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh(Rh,Pt,Ir)3(Fe,Ni,Cu)3S8
AuGold
Auⓘ AurostibiteAuSb2
Auⓘ CalaveriteAuTe2
Auⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Auⓘ Native GoldAu
Auⓘ MuthmanniteAuAgTe2
Auⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
Auⓘ SylvaniteAgAuTe4
PbLead
Pbⓘ AltaitePbTe
Pbⓘ BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
Pbⓘ BournonitePbCuSbS3
Pbⓘ DufrénoysitePb2As2S5
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
Pbⓘ JordanitePb14As6S23
Pbⓘ Native LeadPb
Pbⓘ MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24
BiBismuth
Biⓘ Native BismuthBi
Biⓘ BismuthiniteBi2S3
Biⓘ Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
Biⓘ LaitakariteBi4(Se,S)3
Biⓘ PilseniteBi4Te3
Biⓘ TsumoiteBiTe
Biⓘ UM1981-29-Te:BiRhRh(Te,Bi)2
ThThorium
Thⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
UUranium
Uⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Uⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Uⓘ UraniniteUO2
Uⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Cenozoic : 25 ± 0.9 Ma to Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic TimeRocks, Minerals and Events
Phanerozoic
 Cenozoic
  Quaternary
   Anthropocene
ⓘ Obsidian (youngest age) MaBoina Volcanic Region, Fanti Rasu, Afar Region, Ethiopia
    
    
   Pleistocene
ⓘ Obsidian (oldest age)0.12 ± 0.05 MaMa'Alalta Volcano, Kilbet Rasu, Afar Region, Ethiopia
ⓘ Trachybasalt1.74 MaChilallo Volcano, Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
ⓘ Trachytic tuff2.54 MaChilallo Volcano, Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
  Neogene
   Pliocene
ⓘ Trachyte (youngest age)2.70 MaCacca Volcano, Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
ⓘ Soda trachyte3.4 ± 0.4 MaCacca Volcano, Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
ⓘ Sanidine4.5 ± 0.1 MaWachacha Volcanic Dome, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
   Miocene
ⓘ Trachyte (oldest age)10.5 ± 2.1 MaWollega-Ilubaror Volcanic Field, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
ⓘ Granite22.0 MaAsa Ale Granite, Kilbet Rasu, Afar Region, Ethiopia
  Paleogene
   Oligocene
ⓘ Peralkaline alkali-feldspar-granite25 ± 0.9 MaAffara Dara Peralkaline Granite, Kilbet Rasu, Afar Region, Ethiopia

Fossils

There are 3462 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences3462
Youngest Fossil Listed0.01 Ma (Pleistocene)
Oldest Fossil Listed252 Ma (Permian)
Stratigraphic UnitsClick here to view 82 stratigraphic units.
Fossils from RegionClick here to show the list.
Accepted NameHierarchy Age
Palorbitolina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Loftusiida : Orbitolinidae : Palorbitolina125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Praeorbitolina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Loftusiida : Orbitolinidae : Praeorbitolina125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Scleractinia
order		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia163.5 - 122.46 Ma
Mesozoic
Latomeandra
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Calamophylliidae : Latomeandra155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Latusastrea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Heterocoeniidae : Latusastrea163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Serpula
genus		Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Serpulidae : Serpula163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Gastropoda
class		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda163.5 - 1.806 Ma
Phanerozoic
Leptomaria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Pleurotomariidae : Leptomaria125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pleurotomaria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Microdomatidae : Pleurotomaria157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Trochus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Pseudophoridae : Trochus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Turbo
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Turbinidae : Turbo157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Ampullina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Ampullina166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Aporrhais
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Aporrhais166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Cerithium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Cerithium163.5 - 122.46 Ma
Mesozoic
Dicroloma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Dicroloma163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Harpagodes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Harpagodes157.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Lambis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Strombidae : Lambis166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Natica
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Purpuroidea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Purpuroideidae : Purpuroidea166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Turritella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Tylostoma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Tylostomatidae : Tylostoma125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Nerinea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Nerineidae : Nerinea166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Nerinella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Nerinellidae : Nerinella163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Trochalia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochalia163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Nautilida
order		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Anavirgatites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Anavirgatites163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Aspidoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Aspidoceratidae : Aspidoceras161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Subplanites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Subplanites157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Belemnites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnitida : Belemnites163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Belemnopsis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnitida : Belemnopseidae : Belemnopsis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Bivalvia
class		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Arca
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Arca3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Isoarca
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Isoarca161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Mytilida
order		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Falcimytilus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Falcimytilus161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Pinna
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Pinna157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Actinostreon
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Actinostreon166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Aequipecten
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Aequipecten166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Arctostrea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Arctostrea163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Atreta
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Dimyidae : Atreta125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Camptonectes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Camptonectes155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Chondrodonta
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Chondrodontidae : Chondrodonta125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ctenostreon
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Ctenostreon163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Exogyra
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Exogyra166.1 - 122.46 Ma
Mesozoic
Gryphaea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Gryphaea163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima161.2 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Liostrea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Liostrea161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Lopha
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Lopha166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Ostrea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Ostraea163.5 - 122.46 Ma
Mesozoic
Pecten
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Pecten163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Plagiostoma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Plagiostoma166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Plicatula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Plicatulidae : Plicatula157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Myophorella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Myophorellidae : Myophorella155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Rutitrigonia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Rutitrigoniidae : Rutitrigonia155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Trigonia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Trigonia163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Anisocardia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Arcticidae : Anisocardia166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Arctica
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Arcticidae : Arctica163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Astarte
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Astarte161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Cardium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardium157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomyopsis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Megalodontida : Ceratomyopsidae : Ceratomyopsis155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Fimbria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Fimbria157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Glossus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Glossidae : Glossus163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Lucina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pseudisocardia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Pseudisocardia166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Tancredia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Tancredia163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Tellina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Unicardium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Unicardium157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Homomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Homomya161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya166.1 - 122.46 Ma
Mesozoic
Plectomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Laternulidae : Plectomya157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Arachnida
class		Animalia : Arthropoda : Arachnida23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Brachiopoda
phylum		Animalia : Brachiopoda161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Rhynchonellida
order		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Amydroptychus
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Amydroptychus161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Colpotoria
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Colpotoria161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Cymatorhynchia
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Cymatorhynchia161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Daghanirhynchia
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Daghanirhynchia161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Rhynchonella
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Rhynchonella166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Septaliphoria
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Cyclothyrididae : Septaliphoria161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Somalirhynchia
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Somalirhynchia166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Terebratulida
order		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Cererithyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Cererithyris161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Kutchithyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Kutchithyris166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Monsardithyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Lissajousithyrididae : Monsardithyris161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Eudesia (Sphriganaria)
subgenus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Eudesiidae : Eudesia : Eudesia (Sphriganaria)161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Terebratula
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebratulidae : Terebratula166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Crinoidea
class		Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Rhabdocidaris
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida : Rhabdocidaridae : Rhabdocidaris163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Acrosalenia
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Salenioida : Acrosaleniidae : Acrosalenia163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Acrocidaris
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Pseudodiadematidae : Acrocidaris157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Clypeus
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cassiduloida : Clypeidae : Clypeus168.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Hybodus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Hybodontidae : Hybodus152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Rhinobatos
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Rajiformes : Rhinobatidae : Rhinobatos152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Osteichthyes
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Lepidotes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Lepisosteiformes : Lepidotes237 - 145 Ma
Mesozoic
Pycnodus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Pycnodontiformes : Pycnodontidae : Pycnodus152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Amphibia
class		Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia3.6 - 0.126 Ma
Cenozoic
Reptilia
class		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocodylia
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Aves
class		Animalia : Chordata : Aves2.588 - 0.126 Ma
Pleistocene
Mammalia
class		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Carnivora
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora11.1 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Enhydriodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Enhydriodon11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Pelomedusidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pelomedusidae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Plesiochelyidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Plesiochelyidae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Pleurosternidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pleurosternidae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Lacertilia
suborder		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Lacertilia5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Python
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Pythonidae : Python5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Goniopholis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Goniopholididae : Goniopholis152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Crocodylidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocodylus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Crocodylus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Theropoda
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Theropoda237 - 174.1 Ma
Mesozoic
Brachiosauridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Brachiosauridae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Hypsilophodontidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Hypsilophodontidae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Falconiformes
order		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Falconiformes11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Pandion
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Pandionidae : Pandion11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Ardeidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Ardeidae11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Ardea
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Ardeidae : Ardea11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Podiceps
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Podicipediformes : Podicipedidae : Podiceps11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Phalacrocorax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Phalacrocoracidae : Phalacrocorax11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Galeopithecidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Galeopithecidae5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocidura
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Soricidae : Crocidura3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Myosorex
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Soricidae : Myosorex3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Suncus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Soricidae : Suncus3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Microchiroptera
suborder		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Microchiroptera5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Taphozous
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Emballonuridae : Taphozous3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Hipposideros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Hipposideridae : Hipposideros3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Cercopithecidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Cercocebus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Cercocebus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Colobus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Colobus0.781 - 0.126 Ma
Pleistocene
Libypithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Libypithecus11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Macaca
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Macaca11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Papio
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Papio5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Paracolobus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Paracolobus11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Parapapio
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Parapapio23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Theropithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Theropithecus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Hominidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Australopithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Australopithecus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Homo
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Viverridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Genetta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Genetta11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Helogale
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Helogale11.62 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Herpestes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Herpestes11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Viverra
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Viverra3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Hyaenidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae11.62 - 0.126 Ma
Cenozoic
Chasmaporthetes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Chasmaporthetes5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hyaena
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Hyaena5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Hyaenictis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Hyaenictis11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Pachycrocuta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Pachycrocuta3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Percrocuta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Percrocuta5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Felidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae11.62 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Dinofelis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Dinofelis11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Felis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Felis3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Homotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Homotherium13.82 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Machairodus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Machairodus11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Megantereon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Megantereon5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Panthera
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Panthera3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Mustelidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Lutra
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Lutra5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Mellivora
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Mellivora11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Plesiogulo
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Plesiogulo11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Canidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae5.333 - 0.126 Ma
Cenozoic
Canis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Canis2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Nyctereutes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Nyctereutes5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Ursidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Ursidae5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Agriotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hemicyonidae : Agriotherium11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Rodentia
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia13.82 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Sciuridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Xerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Xerus3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Cricetidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Gerbillus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Gerbillus2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Tatera
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Tatera3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Muridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae3.6 - 0.126 Ma
Cenozoic
Acomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Acomys2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Aethomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Aethomys2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Arvicanthis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Arvicanthis3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Lemniscomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Lemniscomys11.62 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Mastomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Mastomys3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Mus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Mus3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Pelomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Pelomys2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Saidomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Saidomys3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Thallomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Thallomys3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Heterocephalus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Bathyergidae : Heterocephalus2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Hystricidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hystrix
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae : Hystrix11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Xenohystrix
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae : Xenohystrix11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Paraphiomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Paraphiomys13.82 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Thryonomyidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Paraulacodus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Paraulacodus13.82 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Thryonomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Thryonomys11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Leporidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae11.62 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Lepus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Lepus11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Suidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae13.82 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Kolpochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kolpochoerus11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Mesochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Mesochoerus3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Notochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Notochoerus5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Nyanzachoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nyanzachoerus23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Phacochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Phacochoerus2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Stylochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Stylochoerus2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Hippopotamidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Hexaprotodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hexaprotodon23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Camelus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Camelus3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Giraffidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Giraffa
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Palaeotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Palaeotragus11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Sivatherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Sivatherium23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Bovidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Aepyceros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Aepyceros23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Alcelaphus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Alcelaphus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Antidorcas
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Antidorcas5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Antilope
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Antilope2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Beatragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Beatragus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Bos
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Bos3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Damaliscus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damaliscus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Damalops
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damalops3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Gazella
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Gazella23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Kobus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Madoqua
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Madoqua11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Menelikia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Menelikia2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Oryx
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Oryx5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Parmularius
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Parmularius2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Pelorovis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pelorovis5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Prostrepsiceros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Prostrepsiceros11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Raphicerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Raphicerus11.62 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Redunca
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Redunca5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Simatherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Simatherium2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Syncerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Syncerus5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragoportax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragoportax11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Ugandax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Ugandax11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Equidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae11.62 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Equus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Hipparion
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hipparion23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Ancylotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Chalicotheriidae : Ancylotherium2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Rhinocerotidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Brachypotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Brachypotherium11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Ceratotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Ceratotherium11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Dicerorhinus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Dicerorhinus13.82 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Diceros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Diceros11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Gomphotheriidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Anancus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Anancus23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Gomphotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Gomphotherium28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Palaeomastodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Palaeomastodon28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Tetralophodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Tetralophodon13.82 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Elephantidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Elephas
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Elephas5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Loxodonta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Loxodonta23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Mammuthus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Mammuthus23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Stegodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Stegodontidae : Stegodon11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Deinotheriidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Deinotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Deinotherium11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Bunohyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Bunohyrax28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Megalohyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Megalohyrax28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Pachyhyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Pachyhyrax28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Orycteropus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocuta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Crocuta3.6 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Tetanurae
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Tetanurae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Mesoeucrocodylia
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Mesoeucrocodylia237 - 145 Ma
Mesozoic
Praomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Praomys3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ophidia
suborder		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Ophidia0.781 - 0.126 Ma
Pleistocene
Amphiastrea basaltiformis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Amphiastraeidae : Amphiastrea : Amphiastrea basaltiformis161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Stephanastrea ramulifera
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Actinastreidae : Stephanastrea : Stephanastrea ramulifera163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Dromaeosaurinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Dromaeosauridae : Dromaeosaurinae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Lutrinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Lutrinae11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Hippotragini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragini11.62 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Chaetetidae
family		Animalia : Porifera : Chaetetidae161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Testudines
order		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Isastrea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Montlivaltiidae : Isastrea161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Hybodontidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Hybodontidae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Linyphiidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Arachnida : Araneae : Linyphiidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ceratodontidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Ceratodontidae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Astartidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Cardiidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Limidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Protocardia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Protocardia155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Bagridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Bagridae2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Semionotidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Semionotiformes : Semionotidae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Cyprinidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Barbus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae : Barbus3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Priohybodus arambourgi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Hybodontidae : Priohybodus : Priohybodus arambourgi152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Asiatoceratodus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Ceratodontiformes : Neoceratodontidae : Asiatoceratodus152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Paraxerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Paraxerus11.62 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Blanfordiceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : Blanfordiceras157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Coleoptera
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Diptera
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Formicidae
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Formicidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Melosira
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Melosirales : Melosiraceae : Melosira11.62 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Lepidoptera
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Lepidoptera23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hyaenictitherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Hyaenictitherium11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Modiolus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Archaeopotamus harvardi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Archaeopotamus : Archaeopotamus harvardi11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Hexaprotodon bruneti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hexaprotodon : Hexaprotodon bruneti3.6 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus amphibius
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus amphibius5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus gorgops
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus gorgops2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Hexaprotodon coryndoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hexaprotodon : Hexaprotodon coryndoni3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus karumensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus karumensis2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Kenyapotamus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Kenyapotamus11.1 - 9.7 Ma
Miocene
Cyclotella
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Thalassiosirales : Stephanodiscaceae : Cyclotella3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Nitzschia
genus		Bacillariophyta : Nitzschia3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Synedra
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Fragilariales : Fragilariaceae : Synedra3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Pleurostylina corallina
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Amphiastraeidae : Pleurostylina : Pleurostylina corallina163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Praeanthropus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Praeanthropus : Praeanthropus africanus5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ardipithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Ardipithecus11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Australopithecus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Australopithecus : Australopithecus africanus5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Paranthropus boisei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Paranthropus : Paranthropus boisei5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Homo habilis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo : Homo habilis2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Homo erectus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo : Homo erectus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Homo sapiens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo : Homo sapiens2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Ardipithecus ramidus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Ardipithecus : Ardipithecus ramidus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Hippopotamus protamphibius
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus protamphibius5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Achnanthes
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Achnanthales : Achnanthaceae : Achnanthes3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Cymbella
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Cymbellales : Cymbellaceae : Cymbella3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Fragilaria
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Fragilariales : Fragilariaceae : Fragilaria3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Trypanites
genus		Trypanites161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Nucula (Palaeonucula) cuneiformis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Palaeonucula : Nucula (Palaeonucula) cuneiformis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Lamellaptychus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Lamellaptychidae : Lamellaptychus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Protopterus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Ceratodontiformes : Lepidosirenidae : Protopterus3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cercopithecinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Cercopithecinae5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Chlorocebus aethiops
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Chlorocebus : Chlorocebus aethiops5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Caprini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Caprini2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Hemiptera
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Actinopteri
class		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Tragelaphus gaudryi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus gaudryi5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Bovinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Bovinae0.781 - 0.126 Ma
Pleistocene
Hyainailouros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyainailouros28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Modiola (Lithophagus)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiola (Lithophagus)157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Bovini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Bovini11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphini5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Boselaphini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Boselaphini11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Antilopini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Antilopini2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Reduncini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Reduncini11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Alcelaphini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Alcelaphini11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Arsinoitherium giganteum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Arsinoitheriidae : Arsinoitherium : Arsinoitherium giganteum28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Chilgatherium harrisi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Chilgatherium : Chilgatherium harrisi28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Phiomia major
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Phiomia : Phiomia major28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Galago
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Galagidae : Galago3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Gerbillinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Gerbillinae11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Papio hamadryas
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Papio : Papio hamadryas2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Panthera pardus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Panthera : Panthera pardus5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Diceros bicornis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Diceros : Diceros bicornis11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Lepus capensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Lepus : Lepus capensis2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Gastrochaenolites
genus		Gastrochaenolites161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Dendromurinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Nesomyidae : Dendromurinae2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Tachyoryctes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Spalacidae : Tachyoryctes11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Testudinata
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudinata152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Apiocrinus
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Millericrinida : Apiocrinidae : Apiocrinus166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Hystrix cristata
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae : Hystrix : Hystrix cristata5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Steineria somaliensis
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Axinellida : Milleporellidae : Steinerina : Steineria somaliensis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratotherium simum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Ceratotherium : Ceratotherium simum23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Actinastrea crassoramosa
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Actinastreidae : Actinastrea : Actinastrea crassoramosa161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Lochmaeosmilia trapeziformis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Amphiastreidae : Lochmaeosmilia : Lochmaeosmilia trapeziformis163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Cladophyllia excelsa
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Amphiastreidae : Cladophyllia : Cladophyllia excelsa155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pseudocoenia limbata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Pseudocoenia : Pseudocoenia limbata163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Calamophylliopsis flabellum
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dermosmiliidae : Calamophylliopsis : Calamophylliopsis flabellum161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Xestosina subsella
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Xestosina : Xestosina subsella163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Xestosina suprajurensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Xestosina : Xestosina suprajurensis157.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Galagoides
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Galagidae : Galagoides3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippotherium primigenium
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hippotherium : Hippotherium primigenium13.82 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Clarias
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Clariidae : Clarias3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Polypterus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Polypteriformes : Polypteridae : Polypterus3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Gymnarchus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Osteoglossiformes : Gymnarchidae : Gymnarchus3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Synodontis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Mochokidae : Synodontis3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Epistreptophyllum cornutiformis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dermosmiliidae : Epistreptophyllum : Epistreptophyllum cornutiformis163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Comoseris meandrinoides
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Microsolenidae : Comoseris : Comoseris meandrinoides155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Entolium demissus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Entolium : Entolium demissus163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Camptonectes lens
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Camptonectes : Camptonectes lens161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Eurygnathohippus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Eurygnathohippus11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Eurygnathohippus turkanense
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Eurygnathohippus : Eurygnathohippus turkanense11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Eurygnathohippus afarense
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Eurygnathohippus : Eurygnathohippus afarense5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Eurygnathohippus libycum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Eurygnathohippus : Eurygnathohippus libycum5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Phacochoerus aethiopicus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Phacochoerus : Phacochoerus aethiopicus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Theropithecus oswaldi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Theropithecus : Theropithecus oswaldi5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Palaeoloxodon recki
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Elephas : Palaeoloxodon recki23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Kolpochoerus majus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kolpochoerus : Kolpochoerus majus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Kolpochoerus limnetes
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kolpochoerus : Kolpochoerus limnetes5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus andrewsi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus : Metridiochoerus andrewsi5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus modestus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus : Metridiochoerus modestus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Giraffa jumae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa : Giraffa jumae5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Sivatherium maurusium
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Sivatherium : Sivatherium maurusium11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Pelorovis turkanensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pelorovis : Pelorovis turkanensis2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Connochaetes taurina
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Connochaetes : Connochaetes taurina2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Connochaetes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Connochaetes2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Connochaetes gentryi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Connochaetes : Connochaetes gentryi5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Collembola
class		Animalia : Arthropoda : Collembola23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Limea strigillata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Limea : Limea strigillata163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Allocoeniopsis luciensis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Actinastreidae : Allocoeniopsis : Allocoeniopsis luciensis163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Cryptocoenia slovenica
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Cryptocoenia : Cryptocoenia slovenica161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Amphiastrea piriformis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Amphiastraeidae : Amphiastrea : Amphiastrea piriformis166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Isastrea explanata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Montlivaltiidae : Isastrea : Isastrea explanata163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Latiastrea minima
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Latiastrea : Latiastrea minima166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Latiastrea greppini
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Latiastrea : Latiastrea greppini161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Stylina thiessingi
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Stylina : Stylina thiessingi163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Heliocoenia etalloni
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Heliocoenia : Heliocoenia etalloni166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Collignonastraea grossouvrei
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Collignonastraea : Collignonastraea grossouvrei161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Heliocoenia costulata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Heliocoenia : Heliocoenia costulata166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Kenyasaurus mariakaniensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tangasauridae : Kenyasaurus : Kenyasaurus mariakaniensis252.17 - 247.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Heterohyrax brucei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Heterohyrax : Heterohyrax brucei3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Actinastrea furcata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Actinastreidae : Actinastrea : Actinastrea furcata163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Heliocoenia corallina
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Heliocoenia : Heliocoenia corallina163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Ovalastrea michelini
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Ovalastrea : Ovalastrea michelini161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Alcelaphus buselaphus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Alcelaphus : Alcelaphus buselaphus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Kobus ellipsiprymnus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus ellipsiprymnus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Redunca redunca
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Redunca : Redunca redunca0.781 - 0.126 Ma
Pleistocene
Eulophidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Eulophidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Trichogrammatidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Trichogrammatidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Mymaridae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Mymaridae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Isastrea bernensis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Isastraea : Isastrea bernensis166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Microphyllia brevivallis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Microphyllia : Microphyllia brevivallis161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Kobyastraea lomontiana
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Kobyastraeidae : Kobyastraea : Kobyastraea lomontiana166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Chororapithecus abyssinicus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Chororapithecus : Chororapithecus abyssinicus11.1 - 9.7 Ma
Miocene
Aonyx capensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Aonyx : Aonyx capensis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Deinotherium bozasi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Deinotherium : Deinotherium bozasi23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Eidolon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Pteropodidae : Eidolon3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Atherurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae : Atherurus11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Neotragini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Neotragini5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Anancus kenyensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Anancus : Anancus kenyensis11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Stegotetrabelodon orbus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Stegotetrabelodon : Stegotetrabelodon orbus11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Coenastraea arabica
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Actinastraeidae : Coenastraea : Coenastraea arabica161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Starostinia arabica
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Rhipidogyridae : Starostinia : Starostinia arabica161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Stegodibelodon schneideri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Stegodibelodon : Stegodibelodon schneideri11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Daghanirhynchia daghaniensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Daghanirhynchia : Daghanirhynchia daghaniensis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Daghanirhynchia macfadyeni
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Daghanirhynchia : Daghanirhynchia macfadyeni166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Daghanirhynchia subversabilis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Daghanirhynchia : Daghanirhynchia subversabilis168.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Somalirhynchia africana
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Somalirhynchia : Somalirhynchia africana166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Somalirhynchia somalica
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Somalirhynchia : Somalirhynchia somalica166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Septirhynchia azaisi
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Septirhynchiidae : Septirhynchia : Septirhynchia azaisi166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Tubithyris wylliei
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Lobothyrididae : Tubithyris : Tubithyris wylliei166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Zeilleria latifrons
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Zeilleriidae : Zeilleria : Zeilleria latifrons163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Loboidothyris aualites
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Loboidothyris : Loboidothyris aualites163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Terebratula bisuffarcinata
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebratulidae : Terebratula : Terebratula bisuffarcinata166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Kutchithyris ferrandii
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Kutchithyris : Kutchithyris ferrandii166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Monsardithyris ruspolii
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Lissajousithyrididae : Monsardithyris : Monsardithyris ruspolii161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Proconulus arabiensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Proconulidae : Proconulus : Proconulus arabiensis163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Globularia hemisphaerica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Globularia : Globularia hemisphaerica157.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Nerinea somaliensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Nerineidae : Nerinea : Nerinea somaliensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Grammatodon (Indogrammatodon) egertonianus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Grammatodon : Grammatodon (Indogrammatodon) egertonianus163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Mytilus jurensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus jurensis161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Modiolus (Modiolus) imbricatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus (Modiolus) imbricatus166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Arcomytilus laitmairensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Arcomytilus : Arcomytilus laitmairensis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Inoperna perplicata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Inoperna : Inoperna perplicata166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Actinostreon gregareum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Palaeolophidae : Actinostreon : Actinostreon gregareum166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Lopha costata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Lopha : Lopha costata166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Gryphaea balli
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Gryphaea : Gryphaea balli163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Gryphaea costellata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Gryphaea : Gryphaea costellata168.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Nanogyra (Nanogyra) nana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Nanogyra : Nanogyra (Nanogyra) nana166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Plagiostoma harronis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Plagiostoma harronis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Venilicardia hunti
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Arcticidae : Venilicardia : Venilicardia hunti163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya aequalis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya aequalis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya verioti
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya verioti157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya daghaniensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya daghaniensis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Protocardia somaliensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Protocardia : Protocardia somaliensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomya excentrica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya : Ceratomya excentrica163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomyopsis somaliensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Megalodontida : Ceratomyopsidae : Ceratomyopsis : Ceratomyopsis somaliensis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Ceratomyopsis striata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Megalodontida : Ceratomyopsidae : Ceratomyopsis : Ceratomyopsis striata157.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Thracia viceliacensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciidae : Thracia : Thracia viceliacensis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Thracia incerta
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciida : Thraciidae : Thracia : Thracia incerta161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya lirata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyida : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya lirata166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Pholadomya aubryi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya aubryi166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya (Bucardiomya) somaliensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyida : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya (Bucardiomya) somaliensis166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Homomya inornata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyida : Pholadomyidae : Homomya : Homomya inornata166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Columnocoenia gemmans
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Placocoeniidae : Columnocoenia : Columnocoenia gemmans161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Brachyseris curtata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Brachyseris : Brachyseris curtata163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Terebratula gortanii
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebratulidae : Terebratula : Terebratula gortanii161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Rhynchonella inflata
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Rhynchonella : Rhynchonella inflata166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Zeilleria hararina
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Zeilleriidae : Zeilleria : Zeilleria hararina161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Waldheimia schlosseri
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebratellidae : Magellania : Waldheimia schlosseri163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Eligmus rollandi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Malleidae : Eligmus : Eligmus rollandi166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pecten (Chlamys) erlangeri
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Pecten (Chlamys) erlangeri161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Mytilus subpectinatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus subpectinatus157.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Astarte coxi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Astarte : Astarte coxi161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Lucina cecchii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina : Lucina cecchii161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Corbis scarsellai
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Fimbria : Corbis scarsellai155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Integricardium bannesianum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Integricardium : Integricardium bannesianum161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya quadrata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya quadrata161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya (Bucardiomya) protei
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyida : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya (Bucardiomya) protei163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya stefaninii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya stefaninii161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Thracia depressa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciida : Thraciidae : Thracia : Thracia depressa161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Cercomya bottegoi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Laternulidae : Cercomya : Cercomya bottegoi155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Globularia coxi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Globularia : Globularia coxi166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Ampullina aethiopica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Ampullina : Ampullina aethiopica163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Montlivaltia compressoides
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Montlivaltiidae : Montlivaltia : Montlivaltia compressoides155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Montlivaltia dilatata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Montlivaltiidae : Montlivaltia : Montlivaltia dilatata155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Calamophyllia ducreti
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Calamophylliidae : Calamophyllia : Calamophyllia ducreti161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Heliocoenia catenula
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Heliocoenia : Heliocoenia catenula163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Coenastraea martis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Actinastraeidae : Coenastraea : Coenastraea martis163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Latomeandra mayeri
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Calamophylliidae : Latomeandra : Latomeandra mayeri166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Promillepora pervinquieri
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Axinellida : Milleporellidae : Promillepora : Promillepora pervinquieri163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Stromatoporina douvillei
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Axinellida : Stromatoporina : Stromatoporina douvillei163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Stromatopora gortanii
species		Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Stromatoporida : Stromatoporidae : Stromatopora : Stromatopora gortanii166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Stromatopora chauffati
species		Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Stromatoporida : Stromatoporidae : Stromatopora : Stromatopora chauffati163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Actinostromaria hararina
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Axinellida : Actinostromariidae : Actinostromaria : Actinostromaria hararina161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Burgundia circoporoides
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Burgundiidae : Burgundia : Burgundia circoporoides163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Burgundia corrugata
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Burgundiidae : Burgundia : Burgundia corrugata166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Stegodon kaisensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Stegodontidae : Stegodon : Stegodon kaisensis11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Lima aequilatera
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima : Lima aequilatera157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima densepunctata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima : Lima densepunctata157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima subdensepunctata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima : Lima subdensepunctata157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Avicula gessneri
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Avicula : Avicula gessneri157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Falcimytilus tigrensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Falcimytilus : Falcimytilus tigrensis163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Modiola pantanellii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiola pantanellii157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pinna constantini
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Pinna : Pinna constantini157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Arca choffati
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Arca : Arca choffati157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Arca sublata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Arca : Arca sublata157.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Cardium moricinum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Cardium : Cardium moricinum157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya acuminata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya acuminata157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya paucicosta
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya paucicosta157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya cuneiformis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya cuneiformis157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Cercomya schoensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Laternulidae : Cercomya : Cercomya schoensis157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Natica vicinalis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica : Natica vicinalis157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Natica eudora
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica : Natica eudora157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Natica dubia
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica : Natica dubia157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Chenopus ornatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Aporrhaidae : Chenopus : Chenopus ornatus163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Cuphosolenus dyoniseus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Aporrhaidae : Cuphosolenus : Cuphosolenus dyoniseus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Zeilleria humeralis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Zeilleriidae : Zeilleria : Zeilleria humeralis163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pentithyris pelagica
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Lissajousithyrididae : Dorsoplicathyris : Pentithyris pelagica163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Paracenoceras hexagonum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Paracenoceratidae : Paracenoceras : Paracenoceras hexagonum163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Recrosalenia somaliensis
species		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Phymosomatoida : Heterodiadematidae : Recrosalenia : Recrosalenia somaliensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Mytilus (Modiola) subangustissimus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus (Modiola) subangustissimus163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Astarte stefanini
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Astarte : Astarte stefanini157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Astarte brumpti
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Astarte : Astarte brumpti157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lucina somalica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina : Lucina somalica157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Turbo bozasi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Turbinidae : Turbo : Turbo bozasi157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Nerinea desvoidyi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Nerineidae : Nerinea : Nerinea desvoidyi161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Alaria jacobi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Dicroloma : Alaria jacobi157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Apiocrinus roissyanus
species		Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Millericrinida : Apiocrinidae : Apiocrinus : Apiocrinus roissyanus163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Bihenithyris bicanaliculata
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Bihenithyris : Bihenithyris bicanaliculata163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Sellithyris engeli
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Sellithyrididae : Sellithyris : Sellithyris engeli163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Seebachia (Eoseebachia) sowerbyana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Seebachia : Seebachia (Eoseebachia) sowerbyana161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Spondylopecten palinurus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Spondylopecten : Spondylopecten palinurus161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Eopecten velatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Eopecten : Eopecten velatus166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Plagiostoma sublaeviusculum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Plagiostoma sublaeviusculum161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Stegoconcha gmuelleri
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Stegoconcha : Stegoconcha gmuelleri161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Musculus somaliensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Crenellidae : Musculus : Musculus somaliensis166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Zittelina orbis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Kingenidae : Zittelina : Zittelina orbis163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya rugosa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya rugosa157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Anatina parvula
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Anatinellidae : Anatina : Anatina parvula163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Idoceras rufanum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Idoceras : Idoceras rufanum163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pseudocidaris ellenbecki
species		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Hemicidaridae : Pseudocidaris : Pseudocidaris ellenbecki157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Berenicea somalica
species		Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Cyclostomatida : Bereniceidae : Berenicea : Berenicea somalica157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Serpula conformis
species		Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Serpulidae : Serpula : Serpula conformis157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Glomerula serpentina
species		Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Sabellidae : Glomerula : Glomerula serpentina157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Nucleata nucleata
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Nucleatidae : Nucleata : Nucleata nucleata163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima moeschi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima : Lima moeschi157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Macrodon rufae
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Parallelodon : Macrodon rufae157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pleurotomaria neosolodurina
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Pleurotomariidae : Pleurotomaria : Pleurotomaria neosolodurina157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Bourguetia striata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudomelaniidae : Bourguetia : Bourguetia striata157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Paracenoceras ennianum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Paracenoceratidae : Paracenoceras : Paracenoceras ennianum157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes arussiorum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes : Perisphinctes arussiorum157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes gallarum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes : Perisphinctes gallarum161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes stenocyclus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes : Perisphinctes stenocyclus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes roubyanus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes : Perisphinctes roubyanus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes abadiensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes : Perisphinctes abadiensis157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Nebrodites hetaerus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Perisphinctidae : Nebrodites : Nebrodites hetaerus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes choffati
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes : Perisphinctes choffati157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Aspidoceras somalicum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Aspidoceratidae : Aspidoceras : Aspidoceras somalicum161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Aspidoceras supraspinosum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Aspidoceratidae : Aspidoceras : Aspidoceras supraspinosum157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Aspidoceras argobbae
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Aspidoceratidae : Aspidoceras : Aspidoceras argobbae161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya sublirata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya sublirata163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya granulifera
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya granulifera163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Hemicidaris abyssinica
species		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Hemicidaridae : Hemicidaris : Hemicidaris abyssinica163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya carinata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya carinata166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Rhynchonella edwardsi
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Rhynchonella : Rhynchonella edwardsi166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Flabellirhynchia lotharingica
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Cyclothyrididae : Flabellirhynchia : Flabellirhynchia lotharingica166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Camptonectes (Camptonectes)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Camptonectes : Camptonectes (Camptonectes)161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Orycteropus djourabensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : Orycteropus djourabensis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Cidaroida
order		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Trigonia pullus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Trigonia : Trigonia pullus166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Hippopotamus afarensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus afarensis3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Hexaprotodon dulu
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hexaprotodon : Hexaprotodon dulu5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Hexaprotodon shungurensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hexaprotodon : Hexaprotodon shungurensis2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Cymatorhynchia quadriplicata
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Cymatorhynchia : Cymatorhynchia quadriplicata166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Francolinus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Phasianidae : Francolinus11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Septirhynchia pulchra
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Septirhynchiidae : Septirhynchia : Septirhynchia pulchra166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Ptyctothyris quillyensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Ptyctothyris : Ptyctothyris quillyensis168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Thysanoptera
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Thysanoptera23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Aleyrodoidea
superfamily		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Aleyrodoidea23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Cichlidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Cichliformes : Cichlidae3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Enhydriodon dikikae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Enhydriodon : Enhydriodon dikikae5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Peramura
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Peramura152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Zoraptera
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Zoraptera23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Psocodea
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Psocodea23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Mymarommatidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Mymarommatidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Palaeotragini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Palaeotragini13.82 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Giraffa stillei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa : Giraffa stillei5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Giraffa pygmaea
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa : Giraffa pygmaea5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Gavialis gangeticus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Gavialidae : Gavialis : Gavialis gangeticus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Viverra leakeyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Viverra : Viverra leakeyi11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Machimosaurus nowackianus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Machimosaurus : Machimosaurus nowackianus163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Isotomidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Collembola : Entomobryomorpha : Isotomidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Caracal caracal
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Caracal : Caracal caracal5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Primelephas korotorensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Primelephas : Primelephas korotorensis11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Colobus guereza
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Colobus : Colobus guereza5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocuta crocuta
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Crocuta : Crocuta crocuta2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Galago senegalensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Galagidae : Galago : Galago senegalensis2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Canis mesomelas
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Canis : Canis mesomelas3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Merothripidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Thysanoptera : Merothripidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Jaculus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Jaculus2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Cercopithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Cercopithecus23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Colobinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Colobinae11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphus scriptus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus scriptus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphus strepsiceros
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus strepsiceros5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Aepyceros melampus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Aepyceros : Aepyceros melampus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Poecilogale
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Poecilogale3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Kobus kob
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus kob5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Helogale hirtula
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Helogale : Helogale hirtula2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Chilgatermes diamatensis
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea : Stolotermitidae : Chilgatermes : Chilgatermes diamatensis28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Belemnites (Belemnopsis) tanganensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnitidae : Belemnites : Belemnites (Belemnopsis) tanganensis163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Hinnites (Pleuronectites)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Hinnites : Hinnites (Pleuronectites)157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima (Plagiostoma) astartina
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Lima (Plagiostoma) astartina155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya ragazzii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya ragazzii157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Zeilleria egena
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Zeilleriidae : Zeilleria : Zeilleria egena157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Somalinautilus antiquus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Paracenoceratidae : Somalinautilus : Somalinautilus antiquus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Dioscorea wilkinii
species		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Dioscoreales : Dioscoreaceae : Dioscorea : Dioscorea wilkinii28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Tacca umerii
species		Tacca : Tacca umerii23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Garcinia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Clusiaceae : Garcinia3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ceromya concentrica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya : Ceromya concentrica163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Neithea morrisi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Neithea : Neithea morrisi125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Paracenoceras prohexagonum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Paracenoceratidae : Paracenoceras : Paracenoceras prohexagonum167.7 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Kutchirhynchia morieri
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Kutchirhynchia : Kutchirhynchia morieri166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Rectangulata
suborder		Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Cyclostomata : Rectangulata163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Vulpes mathisoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Vulpes : Vulpes mathisoni5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Phalacrocorax carbo
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Phalacrocoracidae : Phalacrocorax : Phalacrocorax carbo11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Rugalindrites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Acteonellidae : Rugalindrites166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Mastotermes aethiopicus
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea : Mastotermitidae : Mastotermes : Mastotermes aethiopicus23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Melissotarsus ethiopiensis
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Melissotarsus : Melissotarsus ethiopiensis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Stephanodiscus
genus		Bacillariophyta : Mediophyceae : Stephanodiscales : Stephanodiscaceae : Stephanodiscus3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Spongilla lacustris
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Spongillida : Spongillidae : Spongilla : Spongilla lacustris5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Camelus grattardi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Camelus : Camelus grattardi2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Amphidonte (Ceratostreon) flabellatum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Amphidonte : Amphidonte (Ceratostreon) flabellatum125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Laevigyra luynesi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Laevigyra : Laevigyra luynesi125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Hydrocynus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Characiformes : Alestidae : Hydrocynus3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Neithea quinquecostata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Neithea : Neithea quinquecostata125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Chororatherium roobii
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Chororatherium : Chororatherium roobii11.1 - 9.7 Ma
Miocene
Ovibovini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Ovibovini2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Anhinga melanogaster
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Anhingidae : Anhinga : Anhinga melanogaster11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Plectropterus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Plectropterus11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Mesembriportax acrae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Mesembriportax : Mesembriportax acrae11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Ugandax gautieri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Ugandax : Ugandax gautieri11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Simatherium demissum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Simatherium : Simatherium demissum11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Syncerus acoelotus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Syncerus : Syncerus acoelotus5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Praemadoqua avifluminis
species		Praemadoqua : Praemadoqua avifluminis3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Gazella praethomsoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Gazella : Gazella praethomsoni5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Adenota recki
species		Adenota : Adenota recki5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Numidocapra
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Numidocapra2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Numidocapra crassicornis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Numidocapra : Numidocapra crassicornis5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Rabaticeras arambourgi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Numidocapra : Rabaticeras arambourgi5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Damalops sidihakomai
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damalops : Damalops sidihakomai5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Alcelaphus kattwinkeli
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Alcelaphus : Alcelaphus kattwinkeli5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Beatragus antiquus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Beatragus : Beatragus antiquus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Beatragus whitei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Beatragus : Beatragus whitei5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Parmularius altidens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Parmularius : Parmularius altidens5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Parmularius pandatus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Parmularius : Parmularius pandatus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Parmularius angusticornis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Parmularius : Parmularius angusticornis2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Hippotragus niro
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragus : Hippotragus niro2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Damaliscus ademassui
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damaliscus : Damaliscus ademassui5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Awashia suwai
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Awashia : Awashia suwai5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Nitidarcus asfawi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Nitidarcus : Nitidarcus asfawi2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Bouria anngettyae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Bouria : Bouria anngettyae2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Aepyceros shungurae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Aepyceros : Aepyceros shungurae3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Kobus porrecticornis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus porrecticornis11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Kobus subdolus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus subdolus11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Kobus sigmoidalis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus sigmoidalis5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Kobus leche
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus leche2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Redunca ancystrocera
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Redunca : Redunca ancystrocera5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Menelikia lyrocera
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Menelikia : Menelikia lyrocera5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippotragus gigas
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragus : Hippotragus gigas5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Praedamalis deturi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Praedamalis : Praedamalis deturi3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Parmularius rugosus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Parmularius : Parmularius rugosus5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Propotamochoerus devauxi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Propotamochoerus : Propotamochoerus devauxi11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Sivachoerus syrticus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Sivachoerus : Sivachoerus syrticus11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Sus waylandi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Sus : Sus waylandi11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Nyanzachoerus kanamensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nyanzachoerus : Nyanzachoerus kanamensis23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Nyanzachoerus jaegeri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nyanzachoerus : Nyanzachoerus jaegeri5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Hylochoerus euilus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Hylochoerus : Hylochoerus euilus23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Notochoerus capensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Notochoerus : Notochoerus capensis3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Gerontochoerus scotti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Gerontochoerus : Gerontochoerus scotti5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pecarichoerus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae : Pecarichoerus : Pecarichoerus africanus11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Kolpochoerus afarensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kolpochoerus : Kolpochoerus afarensis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus hopwoodi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus : Metridiochoerus hopwoodi2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Metridiochoerus compactus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus : Metridiochoerus compactus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Pronotochoerus jacksoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Pronotochoerus : Pronotochoerus jacksoni3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Bonisicyon illacabo
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Bonisicyon : Bonisicyon illacabo7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Torolutra
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Torolutra5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Gigantohyrax maguirei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Gigantohyrax : Gigantohyrax maguirei3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Romanocidaris filograna
species		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida : Polycidaridae : Romanocidaris : Romanocidaris filograna163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Abiadisaurus witteni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Abiadisaurus : Abiadisaurus witteni237 - 163.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Gorgopsina scharffi
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Arachnida : Araneae : Salticidae : Gorgopsina : Gorgopsina scharffi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Etheria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Etheriidae : Etheria5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Choffatella decipiens
species		Foraminifera : Cyclamminidae : Choffatella : Choffatella decipiens125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Australopithecus garhi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Australopithecus : Australopithecus garhi5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Australopithecus deyiremeda
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Australopithecus : Australopithecus deyiremeda5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Dinopithecus ingens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Dinopithecus : Dinopithecus ingens5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Parapapio lothagamensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Parapapio : Parapapio lothagamensis11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Parapapio jonesi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Parapapio : Parapapio jonesi3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Theropithecus (Omopithecus) brumpti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Theropithecus : Theropithecus (Omopithecus) brumpti3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Pinnularia
genus		Pinnularia3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Fossil LocalitiesClick to show 344 fossil localities
Ethiopia
Ethiopia

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia
Wikidata ID:Q115
GeoNames ID:337996

Localities in this Region

Ethiopia
Ethiopia

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

AfricaContinent
African PlateTectonic Plate
African Plate
Arabian PlateTectonic Plate
Ethiopia
Somali PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Ottemann, J., Augustithis, S.S. (1967) Geochemistry and origin of "platinum-nuggets" in lateritic covers from ultrabasic rocks and birbirites of W. Ethiopia. Mineralium Deposita, 1 (4). 269-277 doi:10.1007/bf00205201
De Wit, M.J., Chewaka, S. (1981) Plate tectonic evolution of Ethiopia and origin of its mineral deposits: an overview. In Chewaka, S. De Wit, M.J. (eds) Plate Tectonics and Metallogenesis: Some Guide Lines to Ethiopian Mineral Deposits. Ethiopian Institute of Geology Survey Bulletin, 2, 115-129.
Assefa, G. (1991) The mineral resources potential of Ethiopia. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia, 5, 111-137.
geoinfo.uneca.org (n.d.) http://geoinfo.uneca.org/geoinfo/ethiopia/gse.html
www.statoids.com (n.d.) http://www.statoids.com/uet.html
www.gse.gov.et (n.d.) http://www.gse.gov.et/
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To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
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