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Polydymite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Photos of Polydymite (75)Discuss Polydymite

Polydymite Gallery Search Photos of Polydymite

Edit Polydymite Add Synonym Edit CIF structures Clear Cache

Polydymite, etc.

Grüneau Mine, Schutzbach, Daaden-Herdorf, Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Polydymite

Grüneau Mine, Schutzbach, Daaden-Herdorf, Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Polydymite

Eiserfeld, Siegen, Siegen-Wittgenstein, Arnsberg, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Polydymite, etc.

Grüneau Mine, Schutzbach, Daaden-Herdorf, Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Polydymite

Grüneau Mine, Schutzbach, Daaden-Herdorf, Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Polydymite

Eiserfeld, Siegen, Siegen-Wittgenstein, Arnsberg, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Polydymite, etc.

Grüneau Mine, Schutzbach, Daaden-Herdorf, Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Polydymite

Grüneau Mine, Schutzbach, Daaden-Herdorf, Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

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About PolydymiteHide

Formula:

Ni²⁺Ni³⁺₂S₄

Colour:

Violet gray, copper red, light gray, or steel gray

Lustre:

Metallic

Hardness:

4½ - 5½

Crystal System:

Isometric

Member of:

Linnaeite Subgroup > Thiospinel Group > Spinel Supergroup

Name:

From the Greek πολνς, many, and διδνμος, twin, because it was observed in twinned forms.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Grüneau Mine (Grüne Au Mine; Grünau Mine), Schutzbach, Daaden-Herdorf, Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Linnaeite Group, and the Thiospinel Group. Linnaeite-Polydymite Series.

Compare siegenite, violarite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

3258

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:3258:8

IMA Classification of PolydymiteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

IMA Formula:

Ni²⁺Ni³⁺₂S^2-₄

First published:

1876

Type description reference:

Laspeyres, H. (1876) Chemische Untersuchungen von Nickelerzen; 1. Polydymit, ein neues Nickelerz. Journal für Praktische Chemie: 122: 397-413.

Classification of PolydymiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

2.DA.05

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
D : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 3 :4 and 2:3
A : M:S = 3:4

Dana 8th ed.:

2.10.1.7

2 : SULFIDES
10 : A_mB_nX_p, with (m+n):p = 3:4

Hey's CIM Ref.:

3.11.4

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
11 : Sulphides etc. of Ni

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Pld	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Pld	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019)	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of PolydymiteHide

Lustre:

Metallic

Colour:

Violet gray, copper red, light gray, or steel gray

Streak:

Black gray

Hardness:

4½ - 5½ on Mohs scale

Optical Data of PolydymiteHide

Type:

Isotropic

Reflectivity:

Wavelength	R₁ (%)
400nm	44.3%
440nm	45.3%
480nm	46.0%
520nm	46.2%
560nm	45.8%
600nm	46.2%
640nm	48.0%
680nm	51.2%
700nm	53.0%

Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 53.0%.

Chemistry of PolydymiteHide

Mindat Formula:

Ni²⁺Ni³⁺₂S₄

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
Ni	57.856 %
S	42.144 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Ni, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Fe,Co

Crystallography of PolydymiteHide

Crystal System:

Isometric

Class (H-M):

m3m(4/m32/m) - Hexoctahedral

Space Group:

Fd3m

Cell Parameters:

a = 9.405 Å

Unit Cell V:

831.91 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Crystal StructureHide

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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4

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CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0012049	Polydymite	Lundqvist D (1947) X-ray studies on the binary system Ni-S Arkiv for Mineralogi och Geologi 24 1-12		1947	synthetic	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Polydymite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Lundqvist D'
_journal_name_full 'Arkiv for Mineralogi och Geologi'
_journal_volume 24 
_journal_year 1947
_journal_page_first 1
_journal_page_last 12
_publ_section_title
;
 X-ray studies on the binary system Ni-S
 Note: spinel structure
;
_database_code_amcsd 0012049
_chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Ni3 S4'
_cell_length_a 9.457
_cell_length_b 9.457
_cell_length_c 9.457
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 845.785
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      4.780
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'F d 3 m'
loop_
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  'y,1/2+x,1/2+z'
  'y,+x,+z'
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  '3/4-x,3/4-z,1/4-y'
  '3/4-x,1/4-z,3/4-y'
  'z,1/2+y,1/2+x'
  'z,+y,+x'
  '1/2+z,1/2+y,+x'
  '1/2+z,+y,1/2+x'
  '1/4-y,3/4-x,3/4-z'
  '1/4-y,1/4-x,1/4-z'
  '3/4-y,3/4-x,1/4-z'
  '3/4-y,1/4-x,3/4-z'
  '3/4+z,1/4+x,3/4-y'
  '3/4+z,3/4+x,1/4-y'
  '1/4+z,1/4+x,1/4-y'
  '1/4+z,3/4+x,3/4-y'
  '-y,1/2-z,1/2+x'
  '-y,-z,+x'
  '1/2-y,1/2-z,+x'
  '1/2-y,-z,1/2+x'
  '3/4+x,1/4+y,3/4-z'
  '3/4+x,3/4+y,1/4-z'
  '1/4+x,1/4+y,1/4-z'
  '1/4+x,3/4+y,3/4-z'
  '-z,1/2-x,1/2+y'
  '-z,-x,+y'
  '1/2-z,1/2-x,+y'
  '1/2-z,-x,1/2+y'
  '3/4+y,1/4+z,3/4-x'
  '3/4+y,3/4+z,1/4-x'
  '1/4+y,1/4+z,1/4-x'
  '1/4+y,3/4+z,3/4-x'
  '-x,1/2-y,1/2+z'
  '-x,-y,+z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,+z'
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  '1/4-z,3/4+x,3/4+y'
  '1/4-z,1/4+x,1/4+y'
  '3/4-z,3/4+x,1/4+y'
  '3/4-z,1/4+x,3/4+y'
  'y,-z,-x'
  'y,1/2-z,1/2-x'
  '1/2+y,-z,1/2-x'
  '1/2+y,1/2-z,-x'
  '1/4-x,3/4+y,3/4+z'
  '1/4-x,1/4+y,1/4+z'
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  '3/4-x,1/4+y,3/4+z'
  'z,-x,-y'
  'z,1/2-x,1/2-y'
  '1/2+z,-x,1/2-y'
  '1/2+z,1/2-x,-y'
  '1/4-y,3/4+z,3/4+x'
  '1/4-y,1/4+z,1/4+x'
  '3/4-y,3/4+z,1/4+x'
  '3/4-y,1/4+z,3/4+x'
  'x,-y,-z'
  'x,1/2-y,1/2-z'
  '1/2+x,-y,1/2-z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+z,-y'
  '1/2-x,+z,1/2-y'
  '-x,1/2+z,1/2-y'
  '-x,+z,-y'
  '1/4+z,3/4-y,3/4+x'
  '1/4+z,1/4-y,1/4+x'
  '3/4+z,3/4-y,1/4+x'
  '3/4+z,1/4-y,3/4+x'
  '1/2-y,1/2+x,-z'
  '1/2-y,+x,1/2-z'
  '-y,1/2+x,1/2-z'
  '-y,+x,-z'
  '1/4+x,3/4-z,3/4+y'
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  '3/4+x,3/4-z,1/4+y'
  '3/4+x,1/4-z,3/4+y'
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  '1/2-z,+y,1/2-x'
  '-z,1/2+y,1/2-x'
  '-z,+y,-x'
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  '3/4+y,1/4-x,3/4+z'
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  '3/4+z,1/4+y,3/4-x'
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  '3/4+x,1/4+z,3/4-y'
  '1/4+x,3/4+z,3/4-y'
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  '3/4-z,1/4-x,3/4-y'
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  '1/2+y,1/2+z,x'
  '1/4-x,1/4-y,1/4-z'
  '1/4-x,3/4-y,3/4-z'
  '3/4-x,1/4-y,3/4-z'
  '3/4-x,3/4-y,1/4-z'
  'z,x,y'
  'z,1/2+x,1/2+y'
  '1/2+z,x,1/2+y'
  '1/2+z,1/2+x,y'
  '1/4-y,1/4-z,1/4-x'
  '1/4-y,3/4-z,3/4-x'
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  '3/4-y,3/4-z,1/4-x'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
Ni   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000
Ni   0.62500   0.62500   0.62500
S  -0.13500  -0.13500  -0.13500

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Loading XRD data...

2θ (degrees) d-spacing (Å)

Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
2.87 Å	(100)
1.678 Å	(80)
2.37 Å	(60)
1.825 Å	(50)
0.994 Å	(50)
1.060 Å	(40)
3.36 Å	(30)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere	>4.45
12 : Hadean hydrothermal subsurface sulfide deposits (see also #33)

Type Occurrence of PolydymiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Grüneau Mine (Grüne Au Mine; Grünau Mine), Schutzbach, Daaden-Herdorf, Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Reference:

Laspeyres, H. (1876) Chemische Untersuchungen von Nickelerzen; 1. Polydymit, ein neues Nickelerz. Journal für Praktische Chemie: 122: 397-413.

Synonyms of PolydymiteHide

Grünauite

Nickel Linnaeite (in part)

Other Language Names for PolydymiteHide

Dutch:Polydymiet

German:Polydymit
Sainit
Saynit

Russian:Полидимит

Simplified Chinese:辉镍矿
硫镍矿
辉铁镍矿

Spanish:Polydymita

Varieties of PolydymiteHide

Cobalt-bearing Polydymite

A cobalt-bearing variety of polydymite.

Relationship of Polydymite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Linnaeite Subgroup > Thiospinel Group > Spinel Supergroup

Other Members of Linnaeite Subgroup:

Cadmoindite	CdIn₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Cuprorhodsite	(Cu⁺_0.5Fe³⁺_0.5)Rh³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Daubréelite	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Greigite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Grimmite	NiCo₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Indite	FeIn₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Joegoldsteinite	MnCr₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Kalininite	ZnCr₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Linnaeite	Co²⁺Co³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Siegenite	CoNi₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Tarkianite	(Cu,Fe)(Re,Mo)₄S₈	Iso. 43m : F43m
Violarite	Fe²⁺Ni³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Xingzhongite	Pb²⁺Ir³⁺₂S₄	Iso.

Forms a series with:

Linnaeite	Linnaeite-Polydymite Series
Violarite	Polydymite-Violarite Series

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:

92 photos of Polydymite associated with Millerite	NiS
70 photos of Polydymite associated with Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
39 photos of Polydymite associated with Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
33 photos of Polydymite associated with Pyrite	FeS₂
28 photos of Polydymite associated with Sphalerite	ZnS
25 photos of Polydymite associated with Bismuthinite	Bi₂S₃
19 photos of Polydymite associated with Covellite	CuS
16 photos of Polydymite associated with Quartz	SiO₂
14 photos of Polydymite associated with Calcite	CaCO₃
14 photos of Polydymite associated with Melonite	NiTe₂

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

2.DA.	Ferrodimolybdenite	FeMo₂S₄	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.DA.	Zaykovite	Rh₃Se₄	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.DA.	Ezochiite	Cu⁺(Rh³⁺Pt⁴⁺)S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.	Grimmite	NiCo₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.	Zolenskyite	FeCr₂S₄	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.DA.05	Shiranuiite	Cu⁺(Rh³⁺Rh⁴⁺)S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Fletcherite	CuNi₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Florensovite	(Cu,Zn)Cr_1.5Sb_0.5S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m)
2.DA.05	Siegenite	CoNi₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Cadmoindite	CdIn₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Kalininite	ZnCr₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Violarite	Fe²⁺Ni³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Nickeltyrrellite	CuNi₂Se₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Linnaeite	Co²⁺Co³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Carrollite	CuCo₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Cuproiridsite	(Cu,Fe)Ir₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Cuprorhodsite	(Cu⁺_0.5Fe³⁺_0.5)Rh³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Berndlehmannite	Cu(CrV)S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Trüstedtite	Ni₃Se₄	Iso.
2.DA.05	Daubréelite	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Cuprokalininite	Cu(Cr³⁺Cr⁴⁺)S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Greigite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Joegoldsteinite	MnCr₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Bornhardtite	Co²⁺Co³⁺₂Se₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Tyrrellite	Cu(Co,Ni)₂Se₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Indite	FeIn₂S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Xingzhongite	Pb²⁺Ir³⁺₂S₄	Iso.
2.DA.05	Malanite	Cu⁺(Ir³⁺Pt⁴⁺)S₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m)
2.DA.10	Rhodostannite	Cu⁺(Fe²⁺_0.5Sn⁴⁺_1.5)S₄	Tet. 4/m : I4₁/a
2.DA.10	Toyohaite	Ag⁺(Fe²⁺_0.5Sn⁴⁺_1.5)S₄	Tet. 4/m : I4₁/a
2.DA.15	Brezinaite	Cr₃S₄	Mon. 2/m
2.DA.15	Heideite	(Fe,Cr)_1.15(Ti,Fe)₂S₄	Mon. 2/m
2.DA.20	Konderite	Cu₃Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)₈S₁₆	Hex. 6/m : P6/m
2.DA.20	Inaglyite	Cu₃Pb(Ir,Pt)₈S₁₆	Hex.
2.DA.25	Kingstonite	Rh₃S₄	Mon. 2/m : B2/m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for PolydymiteHide

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

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References for PolydymiteHide

Reference List:

Laspeyres, H. (1876) Chemische Untersuchungen von Nickelerzen; 1. Polydymit, ein neues Nickelerz. Journal für Praktische Chemie: 122: 397-413.

Zambonini (1916): Riv. min.: 47.

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.pp.262-265

Lundqvist, D. (1947) X-ray studies on the binary system Ni-S. Arkiv för Kemi, Mineralogi och Geologi: 24A(21): 1-12.

Gritsaenko, G.S., Sludskaya, N.N., Aidinyan, N.K. (1953) Synthesis of vaesite and polydymite: Zapiski Vsesoyus. Mineralog. Obshchestva: 82: 42-52.

KULLERUD, G., YUND, R. A. (1962) The Ni-S System and Related Minerals. Journal of Petrology, 3 (1) 126-175 doi:10.1093/petrology/3.1.126

Riley, John F. (1980) Ferroan carrollites, cobaltian violarites, and other members of the linnaeite group: (Co,Ni,Fe,Cu)₃S₄. Mineralogical Magazine, 43 (330). 733-739 doi:10.1180/minmag.1980.043.330.06

Vaughan, David J., Craig, James R. (1985) The crystal chemistry of iron-nickel thiospinels. American Mineralogist, 70 (9-10) 1036-1043

Bochek, L., Vinogradova, R., Sandomirskaya, S. (1986) Composition and optical charachteristics of sulfides of polydymite-greigite isomorphic series. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR Seriya Geologicheskaya: (10): 141-145.

Vedanand, S., Reddy, B.J., Reddy, Y.P. (1994) Spectroscopic investigations on polydymite. Radiation effects and defects in solids: 128(3): 257-262.

(2005) Polydymite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Bosi, Ferdinando, Biagioni, Cristian, Pasero, Marco (2019) Nomenclature and classification of the spinel supergroup. European Journal of Mineralogy, 31 (1) 183-192 doi:10.1127/ejm/2019/0031-2788

Hochleitner, Rupert, Weiß, Stefan (2023) Steckbrief Polydymit. Lapis, 48 (6) 9-11

Localities for PolydymiteHide

Showing 191 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.



Antarctica
East Antarctica Mac Robertson Land Prince Charles Mountains ⓘ Jetty Peninsula	Andronikov et al. (2021)

Australia
Tasmania Waratah-Wynyard municipality Heazlewood district ⓘ Lord Brassey Mine	Bottrill et al. (2002)
Victoria Campaspe Shire Cornella ⓘ Dowd's prospect	A. R. Seymon
Western Australia Coolgardie Shire ⓘ Kambalda	Naldrett (2004)
Kambalda Nickel mines ⓘ Durkin shaft	Ostwald (1978)
Juan complex ⓘ Otter Shoot Nickel Mine	Thorne (n.d.)
East Pilbara Shire Nullagine ⓘ Otway Ni deposit	Nickel +3 other references
Kalgoorlie-Boulder Shire ⓘ Black Swan Mine	Marston (1984) +2 other references
Broad Arrow Goldfield Bardoc ⓘ Scotia Nickel Mine	Ostwald (1978)
Kalgoorlie-Boulder ⓘ Kalgoorlie Consolidated Gold Mines	Dr. Günter Grundmann collection
ⓘ Kanowna Goldfield	J. Just and C.E. Feather
Kondinin Shire ⓘ Mount Hope prospect	Marston (1984)
Leonora Shire Ten Mile Outcamp ⓘ Mount Clifford Ni deposit	October 1981 +3 other references
Menzies Shire Mulga Rocks U prospects ⓘ Shogun Pit 3	Douglas GB et al. (1993)
Wiluna Shire Lake Way Station ⓘ Honeymoon Well complex	Marston (1984)
Mount Keith ⓘ Mount Keith Open Pit	Grguric (2003)

Austria
Burgenland Oberwart District Badersdorf ⓘ Holler quarry ?	Auer (2021)
Lower Austria Horn District Brunn an der Wild Dietmannsdorf an der Wild ⓘ Serpentinite quarries	Kolitsch et al. (2018)
Drosendorf-Zissersdorf ⓘ Wolfsbach	Kolitsch (2015)
Langau ⓘ Chalcedony occurrence	Kolitsch (2021)
Sankt Pölten-Land District Karlstetten Rosenthal ⓘ Marchart quarry	Kolitsch et al. (2023)
Salzburg Hallein District Scheffau am Tennengebirge Moosegg ⓘ Moosegg gypsum mine	Kolitsch et al. (2026)
Zell am See District Fusch an der Grossglocknerstrasse ⓘ Brennkogel north slope (Gold district)	Kolitsch et al. (2018)
Kaprun ⓘ Schmieding glacier	Kolitsch (2023)
Leogang Hütten Schwarzleograben ⓘ Nöckelberg mining district	Exel (1993)
Schwarzleo mining district ⓘ Brunnkendlgraben	R.Poeverlein (2016)
ⓘ Erasmus adit	Strasser (1989)
ⓘ Johannes adit	C.Auer (2016)
Vogel Alp ⓘ Vogelhalt mining district	Strasser (1989)
Tyrol Landeck District Serfaus Komperdell (Komperdell Alp) ⓘ Rotenstein	Kolitsch et al. (2020)

Brazil
Pará São Félix do Xingu ⓘ Jaguar Nickel Sulphide Project	Mansur et al. (2023)

Bulgaria
Haskovo Province Madzharovo Municipality ⓘ Sveta Marina	Anthony et al. (1990)

Canada
British Columbia New Westminster Mining Division Hope ⓘ Giant Mascot Mine	Manor et al. (2014)
Omineca Mining Division Decar ⓘ Baptiste deposit	Seiler et al. (2023)
Northwest Territories North Slave Region Great Bear Lake ⓘ Port Radium District	Lang (1952) +1 other reference
ⓘ Echo Bay Mine (Cross Fault shaft)	Lang (1952)
ⓘ Eldorado Mine	Kidd et al. (1935)
ⓘ No. 1 Shaft (Port Radium mine)	Lang (1952)
Nova Scotia Victoria Co. ⓘ Middle River	Nova Scotia Mineral Occurrence Database ...
Ontario Greater Sudbury Denison Township ⓘ Aer Mine	MDI41I06NW00012
ⓘ ~~Vermilion Mine~~	Short et al. (1930) +1 other reference
Drury Township Worthington area Worthington Offset Dike ⓘ Worthington Mine	Ames et al. (2003)
Levack Township ⓘ Levack Mine	Ames et al. (2003)
McKim Township ⓘ Murray Mine	Ames et al. (2003)
Norman Township ⓘ Norman Property	Ames et al. (2003)
Wisner Township ⓘ Broken Hammer Deposit	Kjarsgaard et al. (2010, June)
ⓘ Wisner South Deposit	Péntek et al. (2013)
Sudbury District ⓘ Sudbury Complex	157-158. +1 other reference
Thunder Bay District Coldwell complex ⓘ Marathon deposit	Ames et al. (2017)
Hagey Township ⓘ Shebandowan Mine	R.J. Traill 1983 +1 other reference
Québec Chaudière-Appalaches Montmagny RCM St-Fabien-de-Panet ⓘ Eastern Metals Mine	Econ Geology (1993)
Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine La Haute-Gaspésie RCM Mont-Albert ⓘ New Jersey Zinc Exploration Co. trench	Seguin (1973)
Yukon Watson Lake mining district ⓘ Howard's Pass deposit	Yukon Geological Survey
St Cyr Range ⓘ Lapie River	Harris et al. (1984) +1 other reference

Chile
Araucanía Cautín Province ⓘ La Cabaña	González-Jiménez et al. (2016)

China
Gansu Gannan Luqu Co. ⓘ La'erma Au-Se deposit	Jiajun Liu et al. (2000) +1 other reference
Guangdong Meizhou Mei Co. ⓘ Yushui Cu Mine	Feng et al. (2022)
Guizhou Zunyi Bozhou District Zunyi Ni-Mo-PGE-Au ore field ⓘ Huangjiawan Mine	Coveney et al. (1993) +1 other reference
ⓘ Songlin Mine	Nansheng Chen (1996)
Hebei Chengde Fengning County Boluonuo ⓘ Hongshila Pt-Pd deposit (Hung District)	Yu Zuxiang et al. (1974) +1 other reference
Handan Wu'an County ⓘ Xishimen Fe Mine	Jianmin Zheng et al. (2007)
Heilongjiang Mudanjiang Dongning County ⓘ Jinchang Au deposit (Jingchang Au deposit)	赵玉锁 et al. (2014)
Hunan Zhangjiajie Cili Co. ⓘ Dahu Ni-Mo-PGE deposit (Zhangjiajie Ni-Mo-PGE deposit)	Youyu Li et al. (1994)
Qinghai Huangzhong District ⓘ Sancha Cu-Ni-Au deposit	Li et al. (2022)
Shaanxi Baoji Taibai County ⓘ Shuangwang Au deposit	Mao et al. (2002) +1 other reference
Hanzhong Lüeyang County Tongchang ore field ⓘ Dengjiayuanzi-Tongdonggou Au-Cu-polymetallic deposit	Runsheng Han et al. (2000)
Mian County ⓘ Jianchaling Mine	Zhang Benren et al. (1986) +1 other reference
Shandong Linyi Mengyin County Mengyin Kimberlite field Changma Kimberlite belt Wangcun deposit ⓘ Shengli pipes	Gorshkov et al. (2006)
Sichuan Liangshan Yi Yanyuan County ⓘ Mofancun Cu deposit	Lizhu Li et al. (2006)
Ngawa Autonomous Prefecture (Aba Autonomous Prefecture) Zoigê Co. (Ruo'ergai Co.) ⓘ Jiangzha U deposit	Li Chaoyang (1996)
ⓘ Qiongmo Au-Se deposit (Qiongme Au-Se deposit; Quongme Au-Se deposit)	Jiajun Liu et al. (2000) +1 other reference
Zoigê Uranium ore field ⓘ U deposit No. 510-1	Chengjiang Zhang and Youliang Chen (2010)
Xinjiang Hami Prefecture (Kumul Prefecture; Qumul Prefecture) Yizhou District Huangshan-Jing'erquan ore belt ⓘ Huangshandong Cu-Ni-PGE deposit (Huangshan East Cu-Ni-PGE deposit)	Zhuangzhi Qian et al. (2009)
ⓘ Xiangshan Cu-Ni-V-Ti deposit	Yuechen Li et al. (2006) +1 other reference
Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Tacheng Prefecture (Tarbaghatay Prefecture) Tuoli Co. (Toli Co.) Sartohay (Sartokay; Sartuohai; Saertuohai) ⓘ Sartohay Mine	Zhu et al. (2016)
Yunnan Qujing Luoping County ⓘ Fule Pb-Zn deposit (Fulechang Pb-Zn deposit)	Li et al. (2018) +2 other references
Zhanyi District ⓘ Deze Ni-Mo deposit	Nansheng Chen (1996)

Costa Rica
Guanacaste Province Nicoya Canton ⓘ Santa Elena ultramafic Nappe	Schwarzenbach et al. (2014)

Czech Republic
Ústí nad Labem Region Děčín District Šluknov ⓘ Kunratice	Anthony et al. (1990)
ⓘ Rožany	Anthony et al. (1990)

DR Congo
Haut-Katanga Kambove Territory Shinkolobwe ⓘ Shinkolobwe Mine	Gauthier et al. (1989)

Ecuador
Carchi Province Awa Indian Preserve ⓘ Camumbi River gold placer	Barron et al. (2025)

Ethiopia
Benishangul-Gumuz Region Asosa Zone ⓘ Tumet river	Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (2013)

Finland
Lapland Portimo complex ⓘ Kilvenjärvi Offset Sulfide-PGE Deposit	Iljina (1994)
North Ostrobothnia ⓘ Kuusamo	Simon et al. (1997)
ⓘ Kitka River Valley	Häkli et al. (1965)
Taivalkoski ⓘ Mustavaara	Jupperi Aarre 1997. The magnetite ...

Germany
Baden-Württemberg Freiburg Region Ortenaukreis Oberwolfach ⓘ Clara Mine	Walenta (1980) +1 other reference
Rottweil Schenkenzell Wittichen Böckelsbach valley ⓘ Sophia Mine	Staude et al. (2012)
Brandenburg Spree-Neiße Spremberg ⓘ Spremberg-Graustein-Schleife deposit (Spremberg-Graustein Cu deposit)	Nourizenouz et al. (2026)
North Rhine-Westphalia Arnsberg Hochsauerlandkreis Bestwig ⓘ Ramsbeck	Schnorrer-Köhler (1990)
Siegen-Wittgenstein Kreuztal Ferndorf ⓘ Wildermann Mine	Der Aufschluss 2000 (2)
Siegen Eiserfeld Kohlenbach Valley ⓘ Brüderbund Mine	Wittern (2001)
Cologne Euskirchen Bad Münstereifel Mutscheid Hummerzheim ⓘ Klappertshardt Mine	Reppke (1993)
Rhineland-Palatinate Ahrweiler Adenau Adenau ⓘ Adenau I Mine	Reppke (1993)
Aremberg ⓘ Bergsegen I Mine ?	Reppke (1993)
Dümpelfeld Lückenbach ⓘ Leimbach Mine ?	Reppke (1993)
Fuchshofen ⓘ Dorothea Mine ?	Reppke (1993)
Altenahr Hönningen ⓘ Katzbach Mine	Reppke (1993)
Kirchsahr Hürnig ⓘ Hürnigskopf Mine	Reppke (1993)
Lind ⓘ Elisabeth Mine	Reppke (1993)
ⓘ Saarsegen Mine	Reppke (1993)
Altenkirchen Altenkirchen-Flammersfeld Bürdenbach ⓘ Lammerichskaule Mine
Betzdorf-Gebhardshain Kausen ⓘ Käusersteimel Mine	Wittern (2001) +1 other reference
Daaden-Herdorf Schutzbach ⓘ Grüneau Mine (Grüne Au Mine; Grünau Mine) (TL)	Min Mag 43 (1980) +2 other references
ⓘ Pius Mine	Schnorrer et al. (2000)
Kirchen (Sieg) Niederfischbach ⓘ Fischbacher Werk Mine	Weiß (1990)
Wissen Hövels Voßwinkel ⓘ Wingertshardt Mine	Weiß (1990)
Mayen-Koblenz Vordereifel Langenfeld St Jost ⓘ Bendisberg Mine	Reppke (1993)

Greece
Attica East Attica Lavreotiki Agios Konstantinos (Kamariza) Kamariza Mines (Kamareza Mines) ⓘ Clemence Mine	Voudouris et al. (2018)
Km 3 Km 3 mines ⓘ Km 3 open pit	Kolitsch et al. (2015) +1 other reference
Plaka Plaka Mines ⓘ Plaka Mine No. 145	Kolitsch et al. (2015) +1 other reference

Greenland
Sermersooq Nuuk ⓘ Qeqertarsuatsiaat area	Petersen et al. (1993)
ⓘ Qeqertarssuatsiaq Island	Bishop et al. (1980)

Hungary
Vas County Szombathely District Felsõcsatár ⓘ Talc mine	WDS: Norbert Zajzon

Iran
Isfahan Province Nain County Anarak District ⓘ Talmessi Mine	Bagheri

Italy
Lombardy Sondrio Province Lanzada Mt. Motta ⓘ IMI Fabi Mine (Fabi Mine; Fabi Quarry)	Bedognè (2011)
Piedmont Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province Villette ⓘ Pian dei Sali serpentinite (Monte Netto - Cresta della Colmine northwest slope)	Boscardin et al. (2013)
Sardinia South Sardinia Province Gonnosfanadiga Fenugu Sibiri Mine ⓘ Pira Inferida	Caboni et al. (2018)
Sicily Syracuse Province Buscemi ⓘ Valle Guffari	Manuella (2011)

Japan
Fukuoka Prefecture Tagawa District Kawara Sannotake mine ⓘ Yokozuru deposit (Yokozuru mine)	Afifi et al. (1988)
Gunma Prefecture Tano District Oniishi-machi (Onishi-machi) ⓘ Tano Mine (Yashio Mine; Oniishi Mine)	[var: Cobalt-bearing Polydymite] Rocks & Min.: 22:223.
Mie Prefecture Toba City ⓘ Sugashima	Yamada (2004)
Saitama Prefecture Chichibu City Urayama ⓘ Hirogawara mine (Hirogawarasawa) ?	K. Nishikubo et al. (2005)

Kosovo
Mitrovica District Mitrovica ⓘ Melenica Listvenite	Kluza et al. (2024)
Pristina District Graçanica Badoc ⓘ Badovc Mine	Mederski et al. (2021) +1 other reference
Lipjan ⓘ Janjevo Listvenite deposit	Kluza et al. (2024)

Mali
Kayes Region Kéniéba Cercle ⓘ Loulo Mining area	Randgold Resources

Mongolia
Bayan-Ölgii Province Bugat District Tolbonur ore cluster ⓘ Sagsai Cu-Ag-Hg-Sb occurrence	Borisenko et al. (1999)

Morocco
Drâa-Tafilalet Region ⓘ Bou Azzer mining district	Lhou et al. (2015)

Namibia
Kunene Region Epupa ⓘ Swartbooisdrif Dikes	Drüppel et al. (2006)
ⓘ Carbonatite outcrops	Drüppel +2 other references
Orotumba (Oroutumba) ⓘ Sodalite mine	von Seckendorff et al. (2000)

North Macedonia
Lipkovo Municipality ⓘ Lojane	Kolitsch et al. (2018)

Poland
Lower Silesian Voivodeship Dzierżoniów County Gmina Łagiewniki ⓘ Mount Czernica	Wojtulek et al. (2016)
Ząbkowice Śląskie County Gmina Bardo Grochowa ⓘ Grochowiec Hill	Wojtulek et al. (2016)
Subcarpathian Voivodeship Tarnobrzeg County Nowa Deba ⓘ Jeziórko Mine	Karwowski et al. (2003)

Romania
Bihor County Nucet ⓘ Băiţa mining district	Cook et al. (2002) +2 other references
Suceava County ⓘ Crucea	Hîrtopanu P. et al. (2004)

Russia
Bashkortostan Uchalinsky District ⓘ Ganeevskoe deposit	Zabotina M et al. (2014)
Chelyabinsk Oblast Kunashaksky District ⓘ Biksizak deposit	Plotinskaya et al. (2010)
Krasnoyarsk Krai Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug Taimyr Peninsula ⓘ Norilsk-Talnakh Mining Region	Spiridonov et al. (2008) +1 other reference
ⓘ Pyasino–Vologochan Intrusion	Sluzhenikin et al. (2015)
Western Sayan range ⓘ Dunzhugur Ophiolite Massif	Kiseleva et al. (2024)
Murmansk Oblast Fedorovo-Pansky massif (Pana layered complex) ⓘ Kievey deposit	Groshev +6 other references
ⓘ Monchegorsk	Yury L. Voytekhovsky (2008)
ⓘ Nyud-2 deposit	Chashchin et al. (2021)
Republic of Karelia Loukhsky District Oulanka plutonic complex Olanga River (Oulanka River) Lukkulaisvaara ultrabasic Massif (Lukkulaisvaara pluton; Lukkulaisvaara layered intrusion) ⓘ Nadezhda PGM deposit	Barkov et al. (2004)
Sverdlovsk Oblast Serovsky District ⓘ Novo Peschansk deposit	Murzin et al. (1999)
Turya river Tur'insk ⓘ Vorontsovskoe deposit (Vorontsovsk gold deposit; Vorontsovka deposit)	Murzin et al. (1999)
Tuva Chedi-Kholsky District ⓘ Khovu-Aksy Ni-Co deposit	Lebedev et al. (2019)
Zabaykalsky Krai Kalarsky District Kodar–Udokan ore district Udokan ⓘ Udokan mine	Cox et al. (2003)

Saudi Arabia
Medina Region ⓘ Jabal Mardah	Nehlig et al. (1999)

Slovakia
Banská Bystrica Region Lučenec District Úderiná ⓘ Viničky	Ferenc Š. et al. (2014)
Revúca District Muránska Zdychava ⓘ Muránska Zdychava occurrence	Ferenc et al. (2016) +1 other reference
Košice Region Rožňava District Ochtiná ⓘ Ochtiná-Rochovce Mo-W deposit	Koděra et al. (1986)
Spišská Nová Ves District ⓘ Rudňany	Ďuda et al. (1996)

South Africa
Limpopo Vhembe District Municipality Musina Local Municipality ⓘ Pafuri nickel deposit	Cairncross et al. (1995)
North West Bojanala Platinum District Municipality Rustenburg Local Municipality Rustenburg ⓘ Karee Mine	Junge et al. (2014)
Dr Ruth Segomotsi Mompati District Municipality Naledi Local Municipality Vryburg ⓘ Morokweng crater (Morokweng Impact Structure)	Cloete et al. (2001)

South Korea
Gyeonggi Province Gwacheon City ⓘ Buksite	Song et al. (1995)
ⓘ Namsite	Song et al. (1995)

Spain
Andalusia Málaga Mijas ⓘ El Nebral Mine	Oen et al. (1980)
Sierra Alpujata ⓘ Chromitite outcrops	Oen et al. (1980)
Aragon Teruel Lanzuela ⓘ Nueva Virginia Mine (Tio Jorge Mine)	Viñals et al. (2006)
Catalonia Tarragona Priorat Bellmunt del Priorat ⓘ Eugenia Mine	Joan Abella i Creus (2008)

Turkey
Denizli Province ⓘ Elmaslar Chromite Deposit	Akbulut et al. (2010)

USA
Colorado Boulder County Gold Hill Mining District Gold Hill ⓘ Copper King Mine (Yeager's Mine)	Rocks & Min.: 16:413 +3 other references
Illinois Hancock County ⓘ Hamilton	Mineralogical Society of America - ...
ⓘ Gray Quarry	Garvin et al. (2005)
Plymouth ⓘ O'Neal Quarry	Garvin et al. (2005)
Massachusetts Middlesex County Dracut ⓘ Dracut Nickel Mine (Nickel Mine Hill)	Fairbanks (1923)
Missouri Crawford County ⓘ Viburnum No. 27 Mine	Sherwood et al. (1998)
Iron County Bixby ⓘ Buick Mine (Amax Buick Mine; Moloc Mine)	Lieber (1992) +1 other reference
ⓘ Magmont Mine	Rocks & Min. Mar. 1998
ⓘ Magmont West Mine	Min News 5:3 p6
Reynolds County Ellington ⓘ Sweetwater Mine	Rocks & Min.: 64:22&26. +1 other reference
Greeley ⓘ Brushy Creek Mine	Cavender et al. (2016)
West Fork ⓘ Fletcher Mine	Lieber (1992)
ⓘ Viburnum Trend Mining District	Leach et al. (1995)
Washington County ⓘ Viburnum No. 29 Mine	Lieber (1992)
Nevada Clark County Virgin Mountains Bunkerville Mining District ⓘ Great Eastern mine	Castor et al. (2004) +1 other reference
Whitney Pocket Basin ⓘ Key West Mine	Schilling (1979) +2 other references
Pennsylvania Chester County ⓘ West Nottingham Township	Smith and Barnes (2011)
Lancaster County ⓘ Fulton Township	Smith and Barnes (2011) +1 other reference

Zimbabwe
Mashonaland Central Shamva District ⓘ Madziwa Mine	Asa Resource Group plc
ⓘ Shamva Mine	Mineralogical Society of America - ...
Matabeleland South Insiza District ⓘ Epoch Mine	Clutten et al. (1981)

162173 Ryugu

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Polydymite

About PolydymiteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of PolydymiteHide

Classification of PolydymiteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of PolydymiteHide

Optical Data of PolydymiteHide

Chemistry of PolydymiteHide

Crystallography of PolydymiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of PolydymiteHide

Synonyms of PolydymiteHide

Other Language Names for PolydymiteHide

Varieties of PolydymiteHide

Relationship of Polydymite to other SpeciesHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for PolydymiteHide

References for PolydymiteHide

Localities for PolydymiteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide