Stibiopalladinite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Stibiopalladinite
Formula:
Pd5Sb2
Colour:
Silver, white to steel-gray, also pale brownish-yellow
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
4 - 5
Specific Gravity:
10.8 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Member of:
Name:
Named by L. J. Cabri and T. T. Chen in 1976 for its composition: antimony (Greek "stibi") and palladium.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3758
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3758:3
IMA Classification of Stibiopalladinite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1927
Classification of Stibiopalladinite
2.AC.20a
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
A : Alloys
C : Alloys of metalloids with PGE
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
A : Alloys
C : Alloys of metalloids with PGE
2.3.3.1
2 : SULFIDES
3 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 5:2
2 : SULFIDES
3 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 5:2
3.12.32
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Stpdn | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Std | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Stibiopalladinite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Silver, white to steel-gray, also pale brownish-yellow
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
4 - 5 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=610(7) kg/mm2 - Vickers
Density:
10.8 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Stibiopalladinite
Anisotropism:
Distinct, colors usually lacking but some grains are purplish gray to greenish gray.
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 39.9% | 40.6% |
| 420nm | 42.2% | 43.4% |
| 440nm | 44.5% | 46.2% |
| 460nm | 46.6% | 48.5% |
| 480nm | 48.4% | 50.4% |
| 500nm | 50.0% | 52.0% |
| 520nm | 51.4% | 53.2% |
| 540nm | 52.5% | 54.2% |
| 560nm | 53.5% | 54.8% |
| 580nm | 54.4% | 55.2% |
| 600nm | 55.4% | 55.6% |
| 620nm | 56.4% | 56.0% |
| 640nm | 57.4% | 56.6% |
| 660nm | 58.6% | 57.1% |
| 680nm | 59.7% | 57.6% |
| 700nm | 61.0% | 58.3% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 61.0%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Yellowish white
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
In pale yellow to yellowish white, also sometimes faint greenish, pinkish, or lavender.
Chemistry of Stibiopalladinite
Mindat Formula:
Pd5Sb2
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Cu,Sn,As
Crystallography of Stibiopalladinite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.598(2) Å, c = 28.112(9) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 3.7
Unit Cell V:
1,405.47 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
12
Twinning:
Ubiquitous
Comment:
Point Group: 6/m 2/m 2/m, 6mm, or 6m2. Space Group: P63/mmc, P63mc, or P62c.
Crystal Structure
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2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0014134 | Stibiopalladinite | El-Boragy M, Bhan S, Schubert K (1970) Die kristallstruktur von Pd5Sb2 und Ni5As2 und einigen varianten Journal of the Less-Common Metals 22 445-458 | 1970 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.236 Å | (100) |
| 2.194 Å | (100) |
| 1.576 Å | (40) |
| 1.297 Å | (50) |
| 1.267 Å | (30) |
| 1.228 Å | (50) |
| 1.183 Å | (50) |
Comments:
Cabri and Chen (1976)
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 26 : Hadean detrital minerals | |
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) | |
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 37 : Layered igneous intrusions and related PGE minerals |
Type Occurrence of Stibiopalladinite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Particles large enough to be seen with the naked eye.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
British Museum (Natural History), London, England, 1930,950-2.
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M34229.
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, 135408.
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M34229.
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, 135408.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Stibiopalladinite
Other Language Names for Stibiopalladinite
Dutch:Stibiopalladiniet
German:Stibiopalladinit
Eugenesit
Eugenesit
Russian:Стибиопалладинит
Simplified Chinese:锑钯矿
Spanish:Eugenesita
Stibiopalladinita
Stibiopalladinita
Traditional Chinese:銻鈀礦
Relationship of Stibiopalladinite to other Species
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 11 photos of Stibiopalladinite associated with Clausthalite | PbSe |
| 8 photos of Stibiopalladinite associated with Jacutingaite | Pt2HgSe3 |
| 8 photos of Stibiopalladinite associated with Native Gold | Au |
| 5 photos of Stibiopalladinite associated with Tilkerodeite | Pd2HgSe3 |
| 4 photos of Stibiopalladinite associated with Sobolevskite | PdBi |
| 3 photos of Stibiopalladinite associated with Taimyrite | (Pd,Cu,Pt)3Sn |
| 3 photos of Stibiopalladinite associated with Tiemannite | HgSe |
| 2 photos of Stibiopalladinite associated with Tischendorfite | Pd8Hg3Se9 |
| 2 photos of Stibiopalladinite associated with Chrisstanleyite | Ag2Pd3Se4 |
| 1 photo of Stibiopalladinite associated with 'Iron-Platinum alloy' | (Pt,Fe) |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.AC. | Vadlazarenkovite | Pd8Bi1.5Te1.25As0.25 |
| 2.AC. | Törnroosite | Pd11As2Te2 |
| 2.AC.05b | Vincentite | Pd3As |
| 2.AC.05a | Atheneite | Pd2As0.75Hg0.25 |
| 2.AC.10c | Arsenopalladinite | Pd8(As,Sb)3 |
| 2.AC.10b | Mertieite | Pd8Sb2.5As0.5 |
| 2.AC.10a | Stillwaterite | Pd8As3 |
| 2.AC.15a | Isomertieite | Pd11Sb2As2 |
| 2.AC.15a | Miessiite | Pd11Te2Se2 |
| 2.AC.15b | Pseudomertieite | Pd11(Sb,As)4 |
| 2.AC.20c | Menshikovite | Pd3Ni2As3 |
| 2.AC.20b | Palarstanide | Pd5(Sn,As)2 |
| 2.AC.25c | Palladodymite | (Pd,Rh)2As |
| 2.AC.25d | Naldrettite | Pd2Sb |
| 2.AC.25b | Rhodarsenide | (Rh,Pd)2As |
| 2.AC.25e | Majakite | PdNiAs |
| 2.AC.25a | Palladoarsenide | Pd2As |
| 2.AC.25f | Palladobismutharsenide | Pd2(As,Bi) |
| 2.AC.30 | 'UM1999-02-As:NiRh' | (Rh,Ni)7As4 |
| 2.AC.30 | Polkanovite | Rh12As7 |
| 2.AC.35b | Ungavaite | Pd4Sb3 |
| 2.AC.35a | Genkinite | Pt4Sb3 |
| 2.AC.40 | Polarite | Pd(Bi,Pb) |
| 2.AC.45a | Froodite | α-PdBi2 |
| 2.AC.50 | Viteite | Pd5InAs |
| 2.AC.50 | Nipalarsite | Ni8Pd3As4 |
Fluorescence of Stibiopalladinite
Not fluorescent in UV
Other Information
Notes:
Not attacked by hydrochloric acid and only slowly by nitric and sulphuric acid. Easily dissolved by dilute aqua regia.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Stibiopalladinite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3758.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Stibiopalladinite
Reference List:
Spencer, L. J. (1924) Allopalladium from British Guiana. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 20 (105). 217-219 doi:10.1180/minmag.1924.020.105.04[as allopalladium]
Cissarz, Arnold (1930) Allopalladium und Clausthalit von Tilkerode im Harz und das Verhältnis von Allopalladium zu Potarit. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 74 (1-6). 501-510 doi:10.1524/zkri.1930.74.1.501[as allopalladium]
El-boragy, M.; Bhan, S.; Schubert, K. (1970) Kristallstruktur von Pd5Sb2 und Ni5As2 und einigen Varianten. Journal of the Less Common Metals, 22 (4). 445-458 doi:10.1016/0022-5088(70)90132-3
Desborough, George A.; Finney, J. J.; Leonard, and B. F. (1973) Mertieite, a new palladium mineral from Goodnews Bay, Alaska. American Mineralogist, 58 (1-2). 1-10
Cabri, Louis J., Chen, Tzong T. (1976) Stibiopalladinite from the type locality. American Mineralogist, 61 (11-12) 1249-1254
Fleischer, Michael; Pabst, Adolf, White, John Sampson (1978) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 63 (7-8). 793-796
(1980) International Mineralogical Association: Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. Mineralogical Magazine, 43 (332) 1053-1055 doi:10.1180/minmag.1980.043.332.17
Localities for Stibiopalladinite
Showing 123 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Ma et al. (2023) |
| Bloom et al. (1992) +2 other references |
| Hudson (1986) |
Austria | |
| 12 (12) +4 other references |
| Kollegger et al. (2008) |
| Malitch et al. (2002) | |
Brazil | |
| Garuti et al. (2007) |
| Campbell (2012) |
| Botelho et al. (2006) |
| Varajão et al. (2000) |
Canada | |
| Vale SA |
| Ames et al. (2003) |
| N Farhangi |
| McDonald et al. (2015) |
| Selway (1993) | |
| Dunning et al. (1984) |
| Watkinson et al. (1979) | |
| Wilson et al. (2013) |
| Good et al. (2017) |
| CM 30 +2 other references |
| Smith (2021) |
| Smith (2021) | |
| Charles Normand (2016) |
| 5th International Platinum Symposium ... +1 other reference |
China | |
| Wenfeng Zhu and Youbin Liang (2000) |
| Jun Xu (1987) |
| wrgis.wr.usgs.gov (2004) |
| XU et al. (2015) |
| Zhu et al. (2019) |
| Min Liu (2002) +1 other reference |
Colombia | |
| e-rocks.com (n.d.) +7 other references |
| Ramdohr (1969) +2 other references | |
| Ming Ye (叶茗) |
Ethiopia | |
| Bowles (1986) |
| Cabri et al. (1981) |
Finland | |
| Geological Survey of Finland (2017) |
| Törnroos et al. (1998) | |
| 33rd International Geological Congress (2008) |
| 5th International Platinum Symposium ... +1 other reference |
| Gervilla et al. (2005) |
| Mutanen (1997) +1 other reference |
France | |
| Ducluzaux (2022) |
| Ducluzaux (2022) |
| Ducluzaux (2022) |
| 12 (12) +1 other reference |
| Augé et al. (1995) |
Germany | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (2002) +1 other reference |
India | |
| Devaraju et al. (2005) |
| Prichard et al. (2018) |
Iran | |
| Jannessary et al. (2012) |
Japan | |
| Urashima et al. (1972) +1 other reference |
| NISHIO–HAMANE et al. (2022) |
| Urashima and Nedachi (1978) |
| Arai et al. (1999) |
Myanmar | |
| Hagen et al. (1990) |
Norway | |
| Nilsson et al. (1998) |
| Pedersen et al. (1993) +1 other reference |
| 12 (12) +2 other references |
| Nilsson et al. (1998) |
Philippines | |
| Piestrzyński et al. (1994) |
Portugal | |
| Dias et al. (2006) |
Russia | |
| Mekhonoshin et al. (2013) +2 other references |
| Kolotilina et al. (2025) | |
| Tolstykh et al. (2000) |
| Sidorov et al. (2018) |
| Alexander V. Dedeev et al (2002) +1 other reference |
| Genkin et al. (1986) +1 other reference |
| Gritsenko et al. (2022) | |
| Vymazalová et al. (2017) | |
| Sluzhenikin et al. (2014) | |
| 2014 Ultramafic-mafic intrusions | |
| Nornickel | |
| Kalugin et al. (2021) | |
| Cherkasova et al. (2014, August) |
| Groshev +6 other references |
| Grokhovskaya et al. (2009) |
| 33 IGC excursion No 48 +1 other reference |
| Barkov et al. (1993) |
| Barkov et al. (1996) +1 other reference | |
| American Mineralogist: 85: 199. +1 other reference |
| Mikhailov et al. (2021) |
| Vikentyev et al. (2023) |
| Murzin et al. (2022) |
| Shaibekov et al. (2024) |
| Barkov et al. (2002) |
South Africa | |
| ... +1 other reference | |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| Maier et al. (2023) |
| McCreesh et al. (2018) |
| Anthony et al. (1990) +2 other references |
| Melcher et al. (2005) | |
| Ramdohr (1969) | |
| Cabri et al. (1977) +3 other references |
| McDonald et al. (1995) |
| Hutchinson et al. (2005) +1 other reference |
| Ndhlovu (2017) | |
| Ramdohr (1969) |
| Klemd +7 other references | |
| Holwell et al. (2006) +1 other reference | |
| Manyeruke (2007) | |
| Hutchinson et al. (2005) | |
| Cabri et al. (1976) |
| Bowers et al. (2007) +1 other reference |
| Brynard et al. (1976) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) | |
Spain | |
| Gervilla et al. (2002) |
| Canet et al. (2003) |
Tanzania | |
| Wilhelmij et al. (2016) |
Turkey | |
| Kozlu et al. (2010) |
UK | |
| - (1985) +1 other reference |
| 12 (12) +1 other reference | |
USA | |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| Belkin et al. (2021) |
| Econ Geol (1992) +1 other reference |
| Raič et al. (2015) |
| Boudreau et al. (1986) |
| Smith and Barnes (2011) |
Zimbabwe | |
| Liu et al. (2014) |
| Oberthür et al. (2013) |
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Pinto River, Novita, Chocó Department, Colombia