Genkinite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Genkinite
Aleksandr Genkin
Formula:
Pt4Sb3
Originally given as (Pt,Pd,Rh)4Sb3.
Colour:
Pale brown or yellowish tan
Hardness:
5½ - 6
Specific Gravity:
9.256 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
Named by Louis J. Cabri, John M. Stewart, J.H.T. Laflamme, and J.T. Szymanski in honor of Aleksandr Dmitrievich Genkin (28 July 1919 - 9 July 2010), Russian mineralogist at the Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IGEM RAS) in Moscow. He was a specialist in the ore mineralogy and geology of the platinum group minerals, in particular working on the Cu-Ni mineral deposits of the Noril'sk area of the Russian Federation. Later in life he was a pioneer of advanced techniques in the search for trace amounts of precious metals in sulphides and sulpharsenides. He helped to describe 20 minerals and was a founder of the journal Geologiya Rudnykh Mestorozhdenii (Geology of Ore Deposits).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1672
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1672:4
IMA Classification of Genkinite
Approved
Approval year:
1976
First published:
1977
Classification of Genkinite
2.AC.35a
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
A : Alloys
C : Alloys of metalloids with PGE
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
A : Alloys
C : Alloys of metalloids with PGE
2.6.4.1
2 : SULFIDES
6 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 4:3
2 : SULFIDES
6 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 4:3
3.12.54
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Gki | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Genkinite
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Pale brown or yellowish tan
Hardness:
5½ - 6 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN25=603 - 677 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Density:
9.256 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Genkinite
Anisotropism:
Moderate to strong - from gray to extinction
Bireflectance:
weak
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 45.6% | 45.6% |
| 420nm | 46.5% | 46.7% |
| 440nm | 47.6% | 48.0% |
| 460nm | 48.7% | 49.2% |
| 480nm | 49.9% | 50.4% |
| 500nm | 51.1% | 51.5% |
| 520nm | 52.3% | 52.7% |
| 540nm | 53.5% | 53.8% |
| 560nm | 54.5% | 54.8% |
| 580nm | 55.5% | 55.8% |
| 600nm | 56.5% | 56.7% |
| 620nm | 57.4% | 57.6% |
| 640nm | 58.2% | 58.2% |
| 660nm | 58.9% | 58.9% |
| 680nm | 59.5% | 59.5% |
| 700nm | 60.0% | 60.1% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 60.1%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Pale brown or tan with a yellowish tinge
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
In oil
Chemistry of Genkinite
Mindat Formula:
Pt4Sb3
Originally given as (Pt,Pd,Rh)4Sb3.
Originally given as (Pt,Pd,Rh)4Sb3.
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Rh,Ni,Cu,Bi,As
Crystallography of Genkinite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
422 - Trapezohedral
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.736(1) Å, c = 24.161(2) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 3.123
Unit Cell V:
1,445.93 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Morphology:
Irregular grains to 160 microns
Comment:
Space Group: n.d.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.265 Å | (100) |
| 3.020 Å | (90) |
| 1.934 Å | (60) |
| 1.910 Å | (50) |
| 0.9043 Å | (50b) |
| 0.9025 Å | (50b) |
| 2.146 Å | (40) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
| 7 : Ultramafic igneous rocks | |
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 26 : Hadean detrital minerals | |
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 36 : Carbonatites, kimberlites, and related igneous rocks | |
| 37 : Layered igneous intrusions and related PGE minerals |
Geological Setting:
In platinum bearing ophiolites or ultramafics and derived placers.
Type Occurrence of Genkinite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Irregular grains ranging in size from less than 5 microns to about 165 x 165 microns.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, N79000.
Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa; Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada, M34861.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 136485.
Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa; Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada, M34861.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 136485.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Platinum deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Genkinite
Other Language Names for Genkinite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 2 photos of Genkinite associated with Isoferroplatinum | Pt3Fe |
| 2 photos of Genkinite associated with Sperrylite | PtAs2 |
| 1 photo of Genkinite associated with Tetraferroplatinum | PtFe |
| 1 photo of Genkinite associated with Geversite | PtSb2 |
| 1 photo of Genkinite associated with 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' | |
| 1 photo of Genkinite associated with Stumpflite | PtSb |
| 1 photo of Genkinite associated with Chromite | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
| 1 photo of Genkinite associated with Tulameenite | Pt2CuFe |
| 1 photo of Genkinite associated with Ruthenarsenite | (Ru,Ni)As |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.AC. | Vadlazarenkovite | Pd8Bi1.5Te1.25As0.25 |
| 2.AC. | Törnroosite | Pd11As2Te2 |
| 2.AC.05b | Vincentite | Pd3As |
| 2.AC.05a | Atheneite | Pd2As0.75Hg0.25 |
| 2.AC.10c | Arsenopalladinite | Pd8(As,Sb)3 |
| 2.AC.10b | Mertieite | Pd8Sb2.5As0.5 |
| 2.AC.10a | Stillwaterite | Pd8As3 |
| 2.AC.15a | Isomertieite | Pd11Sb2As2 |
| 2.AC.15a | Miessiite | Pd11Te2Se2 |
| 2.AC.15b | Pseudomertieite | Pd11(Sb,As)4 |
| 2.AC.20c | Menshikovite | Pd3Ni2As3 |
| 2.AC.20a | Stibiopalladinite | Pd5Sb2 |
| 2.AC.20b | Palarstanide | Pd5(Sn,As)2 |
| 2.AC.25c | Palladodymite | (Pd,Rh)2As |
| 2.AC.25d | Naldrettite | Pd2Sb |
| 2.AC.25b | Rhodarsenide | (Rh,Pd)2As |
| 2.AC.25e | Majakite | PdNiAs |
| 2.AC.25a | Palladoarsenide | Pd2As |
| 2.AC.25f | Palladobismutharsenide | Pd2(As,Bi) |
| 2.AC.30 | 'UM1999-02-As:NiRh' | (Rh,Ni)7As4 |
| 2.AC.30 | Polkanovite | Rh12As7 |
| 2.AC.35b | Ungavaite | Pd4Sb3 |
| 2.AC.40 | Polarite | Pd(Bi,Pb) |
| 2.AC.45a | Froodite | α-PdBi2 |
| 2.AC.50 | Viteite | Pd5InAs |
| 2.AC.50 | Nipalarsite | Ni8Pd3As4 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Genkinite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1672.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Genkinite
Reference List:
Fleischer, Michael, Chao, George Y., Mandarino, J. A. (1979) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 64 (5-6) 652-659
Localities for Genkinite
Showing 22 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| 5th International Platinum Symposium ... |
Canada | |
| Jackson-Brown et al. (2014) |
| Nixon et al. (1990) |
| Nixon et al. (1990) | |
| Nixon et al. (1990) | |
| Wilson et al. (2013) |
Ecuador | |
| Barron et al. (2024) |
Ethiopia | |
| Bowles (1986) +1 other reference |
| Cabri et al. (1981) |
Russia | |
| Sidorov et al. (2004) |
| Tony Nikischer specimen and analysis +1 other reference | |
| Zhmodik et al. (2016) |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) +2 other references |
| Cabri et al. (1977) +3 other references |
| Hutchinson et al. (2005) |
| Hutchinson et al. (2005) | |
Tanzania | |
| Wilhelmij et al. (2016) |
UK | |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| Anthony et al. (1990) | |
| 12 (12) +2 other references | |
USA | |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| Belkin et al. (2021) |
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Mount Filipp, Sobolevsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia