Hotsonite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Hotsonite
Formula:
Al11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
Colour:
White
Lustre:
Silky, Dull
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
2.060 - 2.068
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
For the type locality.
White, chalk-like incrustations.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1933
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1933:6
Similar Names
| Hudsonite | A synonym of Hastingsite |
| Hudsonite (of Cohen) | A synonym of 'Cortlandtite' |
IMA Classification of Hotsonite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Al5(S6+O4)(PO4)(OH)10·8H2O
Approval year:
1983
First published:
1984
Classification of Hotsonite
8.DF.05
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
F : With only medium-sized cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 > 3:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
F : With only medium-sized cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 > 3:1
43.5.18.1
43 : COMPOUND PHOSPHATES, ETC.
5 : Hydrated Compound Phosphates, etc·, Containing Hydroxyl or Halogen
43 : COMPOUND PHOSPHATES, ETC.
5 : Hydrated Compound Phosphates, etc·, Containing Hydroxyl or Halogen
22.3.13
22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
3 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with sulphates
22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
3 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with sulphates
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Hot | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Hotsonite
Silky, Dull
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
White
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Comment:
Fracture: Earthy
Density:
2.060 - 2.068 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.06 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Hotsonite
Type:
Biaxial
RI values:
nα = 1.519 nγ = 1.521
Birefringence:
<0.003
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.002
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Chemistry of Hotsonite
Mindat Formula:
Al11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Hotsonite
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Morphology:
Lathlike or acicular, up to 15 μm in length.
Comment:
Point Group: 1 or 1; Space Group: P1 or P1.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 10.05 Å | (100) |
| 8.45 Å | (40) |
| 5.20 Å | (10) |
| 5.01 Å | (10) |
| 4.63 Å | (20) |
| 4.43 Å | (10) |
| 3.67 Å | (10) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] |
Type Occurrence of Hotsonite
General Appearance of Type Material:
White compact masses. Flaky appearance when observed under magnification of 500x.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum, Bloemfontein, South Africa (specimen K22359)
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Weathered sillimanite deposit. The sillimanite ore weathers to natroalunite and zaherite, which is then weathered to hotsonite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Hotsonite
Other Language Names for Hotsonite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 9 photos of Hotsonite associated with Natroalunite | NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7 photos of Hotsonite associated with Sillimanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.DF. | Wiperamingaite | NaCaFe3+Al(PO4)F5(OH) · H2O |
| 8.DF. | Kernowite | Cu2Fe(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| 8.DF.10 | Liskeardite | [(Al,Fe)32(AsO4)18(OH)42(H2O)22] · 52H2O |
| 8.DF.10 | Rosièresite | (Pb, Cu, Al, P, O, H) |
| 8.DF.10 | Evansite | Al3(PO4)(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| 8.DF.10 | Bolivarite | Al2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O |
| 8.DF.15 | Rusakovite | (Fe3+,Al)5(VO4,PO4)2(OH)9 · 3H2O |
| 8.DF.20 | Liroconite | Cu2Al(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| 8.DF.25 | Sieleckiite | Cu3Al4(PO4)2(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| 8.DF.30 | Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| 8.DF.35 | Parnauite | Cu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O |
| 8.DF.40 | Gladiusite | Fe2(Fe,Mg)4(PO4)(OH)11(H2O) |
| 8.DF.50 | Forêtite | Cu2Al2(AsO4)(OH,O,H2O)6 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Hotsonite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1933.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Hotsonite
Reference List:
Beukes, Gerhard J., Schoch, Aylva E., Van de Westhuizen, Willem A., Bok, D. C., de Bruiyn, Hendrik (1984) Hotsonite, a new hydrated aluminum-phosphate-sulphate from Pofadder, South Africa. American Mineralogist, 69 (9-10) 979-983
Schoch, A. E., Beukes, G. J., Praekelt, H. E. (1985) A natroalunite - zaherite - hotsonite paragenesis from Pofadder, Bushmanland, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 23 (1) 29-34
Localities for Hotsonite
Showing 5 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
China | |
| Zhenrong Shi et al. (2008) |
| Zhenrong Shi and Keqin Cai (2007) |
Ethiopia | |
| López-García et al. (2020) |
Russia | |
| Ivanov et al. (1990) |
South Africa (TL) | |
| Beukes et al. (1984) +2 other references |
Quick NavTopAbout HotsoniteUnique IdentifiersSimilar NamesIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Hotson 6 Mine, Koenabib farm, Khâi-Ma Local Municipality, Namakwa District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa