Kernowite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Kernowite
Cornwall - Kernow road sign
Formula:
Cu2Fe(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O
Colour:
Emerald-green
Specific Gravity:
3.048 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
For Kernow, the Cornish language name for Cornwall.
This is the third mineral to be named after Cornwall - following cornwallite and cornubite, which are both also copper arsenates.
This is the third mineral to be named after Cornwall - following cornwallite and cornubite, which are both also copper arsenates.
Type Locality:
The Fe3+- analogue of liroconite. Found on an old museum specimen.
It has been known for many years that the greener liroconite crystals are iron-rich, and it has now been shown that the iron-end member, now known as kernowite, forms a series with liroconite.
NOTE. Although green liroconite is iron-rich, the vast majority of green liroconite is within the liroconite composition range, and only a very small fraction contains 50% or more Fe3+ to classify them as kernowite. It is impossible to verify the identity of kernowite by colour alone.
It has been known for many years that the greener liroconite crystals are iron-rich, and it has now been shown that the iron-end member, now known as kernowite, forms a series with liroconite.
NOTE. Although green liroconite is iron-rich, the vast majority of green liroconite is within the liroconite composition range, and only a very small fraction contains 50% or more Fe3+ to classify them as kernowite. It is impossible to verify the identity of kernowite by colour alone.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
55136
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:55136:0
IMA Classification of Kernowite
Classification of Kernowite
8.DF.
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
F : With only medium-sized cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 > 3:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
F : With only medium-sized cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 > 3:1
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Knw | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Kernowite
Colour:
Emerald-green
Density:
3.048 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Chemistry of Kernowite
Mindat Formula:
Cu2Fe(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Kernowite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.9243(4) Å, b = 7.5401(3) Å, c = 10.0271(3) Å
β = 91.267(3)°
β = 91.267(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.714 : 1 : 1.33
Unit Cell V:
976.91 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Comment:
Spacegroup: I2∕a
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.560 Å | (100) |
| 6.067 Å | (91) |
| 3.970 Å | (28) |
| 3.066 Å | (41) |
| 3.035 Å | (33) |
| 2.841 Å | (30) |
| 2.728 Å | (27) |
| 2.460 Å | (20) |
Type Occurrence of Kernowite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type material is deposited in the mineralogical collections of the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom, catalogue no. BM1964,R8908
Synonyms of Kernowite
Other Language Names for Kernowite
Relationship of Kernowite to other Species
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 14 photos of Kernowite associated with Liroconite | Cu2Al(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| 3 photos of Kernowite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| 2 photos of Kernowite associated with Cornwallite | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| 1 photo of Kernowite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.DF. | Wiperamingaite | NaCaFe3+Al(PO4)F5(OH) · H2O |
| 8.DF.05 | Hotsonite | Al11(SO4)3(PO4)2(OH)21 · 16H2O |
| 8.DF.10 | Liskeardite | [(Al,Fe)32(AsO4)18(OH)42(H2O)22] · 52H2O |
| 8.DF.10 | Rosièresite | (Pb, Cu, Al, P, O, H) |
| 8.DF.10 | Evansite | Al3(PO4)(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| 8.DF.10 | Bolivarite | Al2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O |
| 8.DF.15 | Rusakovite | (Fe3+,Al)5(VO4,PO4)2(OH)9 · 3H2O |
| 8.DF.20 | Liroconite | Cu2Al(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| 8.DF.25 | Sieleckiite | Cu3Al4(PO4)2(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| 8.DF.30 | Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| 8.DF.35 | Parnauite | Cu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O |
| 8.DF.40 | Gladiusite | Fe2(Fe,Mg)4(PO4)(OH)11(H2O) |
| 8.DF.50 | Forêtite | Cu2Al2(AsO4)(OH,O,H2O)6 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Kernowite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-55136.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Kernowite
Reference List:
Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2020) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) – Newsletter 58. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (6) 645-651 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-645-2020
www.nhm.ac.uk (n.d.) https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/news/2020/december/beautiful-new-emerald-green-mineral-described-from-cornwall.html
Localities for Kernowite
Showing 2 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Spain | |
| Joan Abella i Creus |
UK (TL) | |
| Miyawaki et al. (2020) |
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Wheal Gorland, St Day, Cornwall, England, UK