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Arsenopyrite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page kindly sponsored by Mark Kucera
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About ArsenopyriteHide

Formula:
FeAsS
Colour:
Silver-white to steel-gray, may have a slight yellow appearance
Lustre:
Metallic, Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
5½ - 6
Specific Gravity:
6.07
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in 1847 by Ernst Friedrich Glocker for its composition, a contraction of the antiquated term "arsenical pyrite." Arsenopyrite was known much before 1847 and arsenopyrite, as a name, may be taken as a simple translation of "arsenkies".
Arsenopyrite Group.

Arsenopyrite is closely related to alloclasite, but is not an exact analogue, because of different As-S and S-As ordering.

Arsenopyrite may contain up to about 9 wt% Co; with higher Co contents, glaucodot will appear as a separate phase (Gammon, 1966).

May be confused with the iron arsenide löllingite.




Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
305
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:305:8

IMA Classification of ArsenopyriteHide

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Fe3+(AsS)3-

Classification of ArsenopyriteHide

2.EB.20

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.
Dana 7th ed.:
2.12.4.1
2.12.4.1

2 : SULFIDES
12 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2
3.9.12

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
9 : Sulphides etc. of Fe

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
ApyIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
ApyKretz (1983)Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279.
ApySiivolam & Schmid (2007)Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download
ApyWhitney & Evans (2010)Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
ApyThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of ArsenopyriteHide

Metallic, Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Silver-white to steel-gray, may have a slight yellow appearance
Comment:
Tarnished material common, some iridescent
Streak:
Gray-black
Hardness:
5½ - 6 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=1081 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Comment:
VHN on (001) section
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Distinct on {001}; {010} in traces
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
6.07(15) g/cm3 (Measured)    6.18 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of ArsenopyriteHide

Anisotropism:
Strong red-violet
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)R2 (%)
400nm50.3% 51.8%
420nm50.3% 51.8%
440nm51.3% 51.8%
460nm50.6% 51.8%
480nm51.0% 51.9%
500nm51.4% 51.9%
520nm51.8% 51.9%
540nm52.2% 51.9%
560nm52.5% 51.9%
580nm53.0% 51.8%
600nm53.4% 51.6%
620nm53.6% 51.5%
640nm53.6% 51.3%
660nm53.6% 51.3%
680nm53.4% 51.2%
700nm53.2% 51.0%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 53.6%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
White with faint yellow tint
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
White or bluish tint, faint reddish yellow

Chemistry of ArsenopyriteHide

Mindat Formula:
FeAsS
Element Weights:
Element% weight
As46.012 %
Fe34.296 %
S19.692 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Common Impurities:
Ag,Au,Co,Sn,Ni,Sb,Bi,Cu,Pb

Chemical AnalysisHide

wt%
 1
Fe29.6 %
Co3.7 %
As47.5 %
S19.2 %
Total:100 %
Empirical formulas:
Sample IDEmpirical Formula
1(Fe0.89Co0.11)As1.06S1

Crystallography of ArsenopyriteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.7612(8) Å, b = 5.6841(7) Å, c = 5.7674(8) Å
β = 111.721(8)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.014 : 1 : 1.015
Unit Cell V:
175.46 ų
Z:
4
Morphology:
Flat tabular to blocky (sometimes pseudo-octahedral or rhombic) to prismatic.
Twinning:
Common on {100} and {001}. Contact or penetration on {101}, on {012} trillings or cruciform.
Comment:
Cell parameters from Bindi et al. (2012), using stoichiometric crystals. Pseudo-orthorhombic, face-centred cell: ~5.7, ~6.4, ~9.6 A.

Crystallographic forms of ArsenopyriteHide

Crystal Atlas:
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View 3D crystal model
Arsenopyrite no.5 - {110} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
View 3D crystal model
Arsenopyrite no.12 - {110} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
View 3D crystal model
Arsenopyrite no.14 - {201} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
View 3D crystal model
Arsenopyrite no.62 - {201} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
View 3D crystal model
Arsenopyrite no.64 - {011} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
View 3D crystal model
Arsenopyrite no.113 - {110} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.

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Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0019195ArsenopyriteBindi L, Moelo Y, Leone P, Suchaud M (2012) Stoichiometric arsenopyrite, FeAsS, from La Roche-Balue Quarry, Loire-Atlantique, France: Crystal structure and Mossbauer study The Canadian Mineralogist 50 471-4792012La Roche-Balue Quarry, Loire-Atlantique, France0293
0010967ArsenopyriteFuess H, Kratz T, Topel-Schadt J, Miehe G (1987) Crystal structure refinement and electron microscopy of arsenopyrite Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 179 335-3461987Hakansboda, Sweden0293
0010966ArsenopyriteFuess H, Kratz T, Topel-Schadt J, Miehe G (1987) Crystal structure refinement and electron microscopy of arsenopyrite Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 179 335-3461987Hakansboda, Sweden0293
0016964ArsenopyriteBuerger M (1936) The symmetry and crystal structure of the minerals of the arsenopyrite group Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 95 83-1131936St Peter mine, Spindelmuhle, Bohemia0293
0000112ArsenopyriteMorimoto N, Clark L A (1961) Arsenopyrite crystal-chemical relations From Freiberg, Germany American Mineralogist 46 1448-146919610293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Loading XRD data...
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.658 Å(40)
2.866 Å(5)
2.838 Å(30)
2.796 Å(10)
2.677 Å(100)
2.662 Å(100)
2.557 Å(10)
2.440 Å(90)
2.418 Å(95)
2.412 Å(95)
2.204 Å(25)
2.095 Å(20)
2.017 Å(5)
1.961 Å(50)
1.943 Å(25)
1.824 Å(70)
1.814 Å(90)
1.787 Å(5)
1.759 Å(20)
1.750 Å(5)
1.703 Å(5)
1.631 Å(30)
1.608 Å(25)
1.594 Å(15)
1.589 Å(20)
1.543 Å(20)
1.537 Å(20)
1.390 Å(5)
1.343 Å(15)
Comments:
ICDD 14-218 (Freiberg, Germany)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Geological Setting:
High-temperature gold-quartz or tin hydrothermal veins, pegmatites, contact metamorphic rocks, gneisses, schists.

Synonyms of ArsenopyriteHide

Other Language Names for ArsenopyriteHide

Varieties of ArsenopyriteHide

Argentiferous MispickelName for a silver-bearing arsenopyrite.
Needs reinvestigation because not confirmed in modern studies.
DanaiteA Co-bearing variety of arsenopyrite.
Originally described from Franconia, Grafton Co., New Hampshire, USA.

NB: Not to be confused with Danalite, a species in the helvine group.

Relationship of Arsenopyrite to other SpeciesHide

Other Members of Arsenopyrite Group:
Glaucodot(Co0.50Fe0.50)AsSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
GudmunditeFeSbSMon. 2/m : P21/b
Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsSMon.
Ruarsite(Ru,Os)AsSMon.

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
2,472 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with QuartzSiO2
929 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with PyriteFeS2
780 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
765 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with SphaleriteZnS
649 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
634 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with FluoriteCaF2
625 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with CalciteCaCO3
524 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with SideriteFeCO3
343 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with GalenaPbS
343 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.EB.SelenolauriteRuSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.AndrieslombaarditeRhSbSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.Iridarsenite(Ir,Ru)As2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.Kanatzidisite(SbBiS3)2Te2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.EB.05aVaesiteNiS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aHaueriteMnS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aLauriteRuS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aGaotaiiteIr3Te8Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aPenroseite(Ni,Co,Cu)Se2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aFukuchiliteCu3FeS8Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aVillamanínite(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2Tric.
2.EB.05aErlichmaniteOsS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aSperrylitePtAs2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aGeversitePtSb2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aCattieriteCoS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aAurostibiteAuSb2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aTrogtaliteCoSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a v'Cayeuxite'
2.EB.05aKruťaiteCuSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aPyriteFeS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aInsizwaitePtBi2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05bBambollaiteCu(Se,Te)2Tet.
2.EB.05aDzharkeniteFeSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.10aMarcasiteFeS2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10eParacostibiteCoSbSOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10fOeniteCoSbAsOrth.
2.EB.10ePararammelsbergiteNiAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10aMattagamiteCoTe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aFrohbergiteFeTe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10dCostibiteCoSbSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
2.EB.10bAlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsSMon. 2 : P21
2.EB.10cGlaucodot(Co0.50Fe0.50)AsSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
2.EB.10aPetříčekiteCuSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aKulleruditeNiSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aFerroseliteFeSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15bSeinäjokiteFeSb2Orth.
2.EB.15aRammelsbergiteNiAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aClinosaffloriteCoAs2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.EB.15cPaxiteCuAs2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.15aNisbiteNiSb2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aLöllingiteFeAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aSafflorite(Co,Ni,Fe)As2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aOmeiiteOsAs2Orth.
2.EB.15aAnduoiteRuAs2Orth.
2.EB.20Ruarsite(Ru,Os)AsSMon.
2.EB.20Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsSMon.
2.EB.20GudmunditeFeSbSMon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.25MayingiteIrBiTeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25MaslovitePtBiTeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25ParagersdorffiteNi(As,S)2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25OrthogersdorffiteNiAsSOrth. mm2 : Pca21
2.EB.25SulfopadmaitePdBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25JolliffeiteNiAsSeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25CobaltiteCoAsSOrth. mm2 : Pca21
2.EB.25GuixiangiteNiBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25TestibiopalladitePdSbTeIso.
2.EB.25 va'Antimony-bearing Gersdorffite'Ni(As,Sb)S
2.EB.25KalungaitePdAsSeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsSIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25MicheneritePdBiTeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25GersdorffiteNiAsSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25MilotaitePdSbSeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25TolovkiteIrSbSIso.
2.EB.25'Platarsite'Pt(As,S)2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25WillyamiteCoSbS
2.EB.25ChangchengiteIrBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25KvačekiteNiSbSeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25KrutoviteNiAs2Iso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25PadmaitePdBiSeIso. 432
2.EB.25UllmanniteNiSbSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsSIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.30UrvantsevitePd(Bi,Pb)2Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
2.EB.35RheniiteReS2Tric. 1 : P1

Fluorescence of ArsenopyriteHide

Not fluorescent

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Decomposed by nitric acid with separation of arsenous acid and sulphur.

In a closed tube, at first gives a red sublimate of arsenic sulfide, then a black lustrous sublimate of metallic arsenic. In an open tube, gives sulphurous fumes and a white sublimate of arsenous acid.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Arsenopyrite in petrologyHide

An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.

    Internet Links for ArsenopyriteHide

    References for ArsenopyriteHide

    Reference List:

    Significant localities for ArsenopyriteHide

    Showing 26 significant localities out of 11,579 recorded on mindat.org.

    This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide all sections | Show all sections

    Locality ListHide

    - This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

    All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
    Bolivia
     
    • Cochabamba
      • Ayopaya Province
    Collections of Alfredo Petrov and Dr. ...
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Slocan Mining Division
        • Riondel
    Grice et al. (1977) +1 other reference
    • Ontario
      • Hastings County
        • Marmora Township
    Sabina (1964) +1 other reference
    China
     
    • Hunan
      • Chenzhou
        • Yizhang Co.
          • Yaogangxian W-Sn ore field
    Keqin Xu (1957) +8 other references
    Czech Republic
     
    • Ústí nad Labem Region
      • Chomutov District
        • Vejprty
    Roman Gramblicka collection
    Ecuador
     
    • El Oro Province
      • Santa Rosa Canton
        • Birón
    Collected by Alejandro Felix Gutierrez (2013)
    France
     
    • Brittany
      • Côtes-d'Armor
        • Guingamp
          • Belle-Isle-en-Terre
            • Coat an Noz
    Pierrot et al. (1975)
    Ireland
     
    • Munster
      • Cork County
        • Sheeps Head Peninsula
    Flannery (n.d.)
    Italy
     
    • Tuscany
      • Lucca Province
        • Stazzema
          • Mulina
            • Calcaferro
    Biagioni (2009)
    Japan
     
    • Oita Prefecture
      • Bungo-Ono City
    Sadanaga et al. (1974) +1 other reference
    Kosovo
     
    • Mitrovica District
      • Mitrovica
        • Trepça complex
    Féraud J. (1979) +4 other references
    Norway
     
    • Vestfold
      • Larvik Commune
        • Tvedalen
          • Tuften
    Nordrum (2007)
    Peru
     
    • Ancash
      • Bolognesi Province
        • Huallanca District
          • Huanzala
    Imai et al. (1985) +1 other reference
      • Recuay Province
        • Ticapampa District
    - (1997)
    • Huancavelica
      • Angaraes Province
        • Ccochaccasa District
    Crowley et al. (1997)
    Portugal
     
    335-354 +10 other references
    Russia
     
    • Primorsky Krai
      • Dalnegorsk Urban District
        • Dalnegorsk
    Dobovol'skaya et al. (1990) +3 other references
    Spain
     
    • Asturias
      • Belmonte de Miranda
    Mesa et al. (2002) +2 other references
    • Extremadura
      • Cáceres
        • Almoharín
    Aguado González (1985) +3 other references
    • La Rioja
    USA
     
    • Connecticut
      • Fairfield County
        • Monroe
    Mike Polletta and Jeremy Zolan field ...
      • Litchfield County
        • Roxbury
          • Mine Hill
    Schairer (1931) +2 other references
        • Woodbury
          • Orenaug Hills
    Identified by Jeremy Zolan
      • New Haven County
        • Seymour
    Moritz (n.d.)
    • Maine
      • Kennebec County
        • Winslow
    • New York
      • Putnam County
        • Town of Kent
          • Pine Pond
    New York State Museum Bull. 223 et al. (July-August 1919)
     
    and/or  
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