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Gudmundite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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09618870017271923489090.jpg
Gudmundite

Krížnica deposit, Pernek, Malacky District, Bratislava Region, Slovakia
03710110017676011852679.jpg
Gudmundite

Uranium Mine No. 19, Dubenec, Příbram District, Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic
01109240017271923579326.jpg
Gudmundite

Uranium Mine No. 19, Dubenec, Příbram District, Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic
03950300017864942586433.jpg
Gudmundite

Krížnica deposit, Pernek, Malacky District, Bratislava Region, Slovakia
06104530017674451562369.jpg
Gudmundite

Uranium Mine No. 19, Dubenec, Příbram District, Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic
01109240017271923579326.jpg
Gudmundite

Uranium Mine No. 19, Dubenec, Příbram District, Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic
07956410017271923611904.jpg
Gudmundite

Krížnica deposit, Pernek, Malacky District, Bratislava Region, Slovakia
02857790017675715361318.jpg
Gudmundite

Uranium Mine No. 19, Dubenec, Příbram District, Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic
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About GudmunditeHide

Formula:
FeSbS
Colour:
Silver white to steel gray
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
5½ - 6
Specific Gravity:
6.72
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
After the locality at Gudmundstorp, Sweden.
Arsenopyrite Group


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1766
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1766:0

IMA Classification of GudmunditeHide

Classification of GudmunditeHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
2.EB.20

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.
Dana 8th ed.:
2.12.4.2

2 : SULFIDES
12 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2
Hey's CIM Ref.:
3.9.13

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
9 : Sulphides etc. of Fe

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
GuIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
GuThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of GudmunditeHide

Lustre:
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Silver white to steel gray
Hardness:
5½ - 6 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=572 - 673 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Density:
6.72 g/cm3 (Measured)    6.95 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of GudmunditeHide

Anisotropism:
Strong - in yellow and red tints
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)R2 (%)
400nm49.1%54.3%
420nm49.4%55.7%
440nm49.5%56.1%
460nm49.7%56.4%
480nm49.9%56.8%
500nm50.2%57.1%
520nm50.7%57.0%
540nm51.3%56.7%
560nm52.0%56.3%
580nm52.7%55.8%
600nm53.2%55.1%
620nm53.6%54.5%
640nm53.9%53.9%
660nm54.1%53.4%
680nm54.2%52.7%
700nm54.4%52.4%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 57.1%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Silver-white to steel-gray
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
Pure white and pinkish white

Chemistry of GudmunditeHide

Mindat Formula:
FeSbS
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Sb58.072 %
Fe26.635 %
S15.293 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Sb
Fe
S
Elements listed:
Fe, S, Sb - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Ni

Chemical AnalysisHide

Oxide wt%:
 1
Fe29.0 %
Sb58.5 %
S15 %
Total:102.5 %
Empirical formulas:
Sample IDEmpirical Formula
1Fe1.08Sb1.00S1.00
Sample references:
IDLocalityReferenceNotes
1Trout Bay Copper Mine, Mulcahy Township, Kenora District, Ontario, Canada
Cabri, L. J., Harris, D. C., Stewart, J. M. (1970) Paracostibite (CoSbS) and nisbite (NiSb2), new minerals from the Red Lake area, Ontario, Canada. The Canadian Mineralogist, 10 (2) 232-246
EMPA analysis of arsenopyrite from massive suphide ore dominated by sphalerite, pyrrhotite and chalkopyrite. Cabrie et al.(1970) consider the slightly high Fe to be because a metal standard was used

Crystallography of GudmunditeHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.00 Å, b = 5.95 Å, c = 6.73 Å
β = 90°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.681 : 1 : 1.131
Unit Cell V:
400.44 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Morphology:
Tapered prisms
Twinning:
On {101}, penetration and contact, cruciform and butterfly shapes

Crystallographic forms of GudmunditeHide

Crystal Atlas:
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Gudmundite - Prismatic {230}
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.

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Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0017944GudmunditeBuerger M (1939) The crystal structure of gudmundite (FeSbS) and its bearing on the existence field of the arsenopyrite structural type _cod_database_code 1011042 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 101 290-31619390293
0000021GudmunditeBuerger M J (1939) The crystal structure of gudmundite American Mineralogist 24 183-18419390293
0000020GudmunditeBuerger M J (1939) The crystal structure of gudmundite American Mineralogist 24 183-18419390293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
5.62 Å(10)
4.10 Å(50)
3.84 Å(10)
3.00 Å(40)
2.93 Å(40)
2.80 Å(40)
2.68 Å(20)
2.63 Å(20)
2.56 Å(100)
2.33 Å(10)
2.20 Å(20)
2.06 Å(10)
1.912 Å(80)
1.868 Å(10)
1.840 Å(20)
1.770 Å(10)
1.710 Å(40)
1.689 Å(10)
1.670 Å(10)
1.617 Å(60)
1.587 Å(10)
1.458 Å(60)
1.410 Å(70)
1.365 Å(10)
1.338 Å(10)
1.279 Å(40)
1.228 Å(20)
1.197 Å(10)
1.188 Å(10)
1.165 Å(20)
1.145 Å(10)
1.121 Å(10b)
1.105 Å(10b)
1.095 Å(40)
Comments:
ICDD 8-104 (Gudmundstorp, Sweden)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])
Geological Setting:
Late stage hydrothermal mineral

Type Occurrence of GudmunditeHide

Other Language Names for GudmunditeHide

German:Gudmundit
Simplified Chinese:硫锑铁矿
Spanish:Gudmundita

Relationship of Gudmundite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Arsenopyrite Group
Other Members of Arsenopyrite Group:
ArsenopyriteFeAsSMon. 2/m : P21/b
Glaucodot(Co0.50Fe0.50)AsSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsSMon.
Ruarsite(Ru,Os)AsSMon.

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
112 photos of Gudmundite associated with PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
102 photos of Gudmundite associated with StibniteSb2S3
88 photos of Gudmundite associated with QuartzSiO2
67 photos of Gudmundite associated with CalciteCaCO3
66 photos of Gudmundite associated with Native AntimonySb
53 photos of Gudmundite associated with ArsenopyriteFeAsS
35 photos of Gudmundite associated with PyriteFeS2
26 photos of Gudmundite associated with BerthieriteFeSb2S4
24 photos of Gudmundite associated with MarcasiteFeS2
17 photos of Gudmundite associated with GalenaPbS

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.EB.SelenolauriteRuSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.AndrieslombaarditeRhSbSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.Iridarsenite(Ir,Ru)As2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.Kanatzidisite(SbBiS3)2Te2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.EB.05aVaesiteNiS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aHaueriteMnS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aLauriteRuS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aGaotaiiteIr3Te8Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aPenroseite(Ni,Co,Cu)Se2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aFukuchiliteCu3FeS8Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aVillamanínite(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2Tric.
2.EB.05aErlichmaniteOsS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aSperrylitePtAs2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aGeversitePtSb2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aCattieriteCoS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aAurostibiteAuSb2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aTrogtaliteCoSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a v'Cayeuxite'
2.EB.05aKruťaiteCuSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aPyriteFeS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aInsizwaitePtBi2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05bBambollaiteCu(Se,Te)2Tet.
2.EB.05aDzharkeniteFeSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.10aMarcasiteFeS2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10eParacostibiteCoSbSOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10fOeniteCoSbAsOrth.
2.EB.10ePararammelsbergiteNiAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10aMattagamiteCoTe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aFrohbergiteFeTe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10dCostibiteCoSbSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
2.EB.10bAlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsSMon. 2 : P21
2.EB.10cGlaucodot(Co0.50Fe0.50)AsSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
2.EB.10aPetříčekiteCuSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aKulleruditeNiSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aFerroseliteFeSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15bSeinäjokiteFeSb2Orth.
2.EB.15aRammelsbergiteNiAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aClinosaffloriteCoAs2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.EB.15cPaxiteCuAs2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.15aNisbiteNiSb2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aLöllingiteFeAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aSafflorite(Co,Ni,Fe)As2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aOmeiiteOsAs2Orth.
2.EB.15aAnduoiteRuAs2Orth.
2.EB.20ArsenopyriteFeAsSMon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.20Ruarsite(Ru,Os)AsSMon.
2.EB.20Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsSMon.
2.EB.25MayingiteIrBiTeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25MaslovitePtBiTeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25ParagersdorffiteNi(As,S)2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25OrthogersdorffiteNiAsSOrth. mm2 : Pca21
2.EB.25SulfopadmaitePdBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25JolliffeiteNiAsSeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25CobaltiteCoAsSOrth. mm2 : Pca21
2.EB.25GuixiangiteNiBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25TestibiopalladitePdSbTeIso.
2.EB.25 va'Antimony-bearing Gersdorffite'Ni(As,Sb)S
2.EB.25KalungaitePdAsSeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsSIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25MicheneritePdBiTeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25GersdorffiteNiAsSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25MilotaitePdSbSeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25TolovkiteIrSbSIso.
2.EB.25'Platarsite'Pt(As,S)2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25WillyamiteCoSbS
2.EB.25ChangchengiteIrBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25KvačekiteNiSbSeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25KrutoviteNiAs2Iso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25PadmaitePdBiSeIso. 432
2.EB.25UllmanniteNiSbSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsSIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.30UrvantsevitePd(Bi,Pb)2Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
2.EB.35RheniiteReS2Tric. 1 : P1

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for GudmunditeHide

References for GudmunditeHide

Reference List:
Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: A101: 290-316.
Johansson, K. (1928) 1. Gudmundit, ein neues Mineral innerhalb der Markasitgruppe [1. Gudmundite, a new mineral within the marcasite group], in IV. Mineralogische Mitteilungen. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 68 (1). 87-91 doi:10.1524/zkri.1928.68.1.87
Foshag, W.F. (1928) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 13 (12). 592-593
Johansson, K. (1928) 1. Gudmundit, ein neues Mineral innerhalb der Markasitgruppe [1. Gudmundite, a new mineral within the marcasite group], in IV. Mineralogische Mitteilungen. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 68 (1). 87-91 doi:10.1524/zkri.1928.68.1.87
Buerger, M.J. (1939) The crystal structure of gudmundite. American Mineralogist: 24: 183-184.
Buerger, M. J. (1939) The Crystal Structure of Gudmundite (FeSbS) and its Bearing on the Existence Field of the Arsenopyrite Structural Type. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 101 (1). 290-316 doi:10.1524/zkri.1939.101.1.290
Sampson, Edward (1941) Notes on the occurrence of gudmundite. Economic Geology, 36 (2) 175-184 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.36.2.175
Willemse, J. (1944) Gudmundite and other ore minerals from the lead deposits near Argent Station, Transvaal. Transactions of the Geological Society South Africa: 45: 27-35.
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.pp.325-326
Horrell Clark, A. (1966) Heating experiments on gudmundite. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 36 (276) 1123-1125 doi:10.1180/minmag.1966.036.276.07
Vershkovskaya, O.V., Lebedeva, S.I. (1968) Gudmundite from the Gorevskoe deposit: Transactions of Academy of Sciences of the USSR: 178: 111-114.
Holseth, Hans, Kjekshus, Arne, Andresen, A. F., Pearson, W. B. (1968) Compounds with the Marcasite Type Crystal Structure. I. Compositions of the Binary Pnictides. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 22. 3273-3283 doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.22-3273
Barton, Paul B. (1971) The Fe-Sb-S system. Economic Geology, 66 (1) 121-132 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.66.1.121
Tatsuka, Kiyoaki, Morimoto, Nobuo (1977) Tetrahedrite stability relations in the Cu-Fe-Sb-S system. American Mineralogist, 62 (11-12) 1101-1109
Seetharam, R. (1981) Gudmundite from Base Metal Sulphide Deposit of Askot, Pithoragarh District, (U. P.). Journal of the Geological Society of India, 22 (5). 216-219
Williams-Jones, Anthony E., Norman, Charles (1997) Controls of mineral parageneses in the system Fe-Sb-S-O. Economic Geology, 92 (3) 308-324 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.92.3.308
(2005) Gudmundite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Kharbish, S., P. Andráš, (2014) Investigations of the Fe sulfosalts berthierite, garavellite, arsenopyrite and gudmundite by Raman spectroscopy. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (5) 1287-1299 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.5.13

Localities for GudmunditeHide

Showing 247 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina
 
  • Jujuy Province
    • Humahuaca Department
      • El Aguilar
Econ Geol (1992) +2 other references
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Gough Co.
Lawrence et al. (1962)
    • Mouramba Co.
      • Nymagee
McKinnon et al. (2017) +3 other references
    • Sandon Co.
      • Armidale
Gilligan et al. (1992)
      • Hillgrove
Gilligan et al. (1992)
    • Yancowinna Co.
      • Broken Hill district
        • Broken Hill
Ramdohr (1950)
Ramdohr (1950)
Ramdohr (1950)
            • MMM Mine
Ramdohr (1950)
Both et al. (1987)
Ramdohr (1950)
Ramdohr (1950)
Ramdohr (1950)
McQueen (1984) +1 other reference
Teals et al. (2006)
  • Queensland
    • City of Mount Isa
      • Hilton district
Knights
      • Mount Isa
Sielecki (1988)
    • Cloncurry Shire
      • Cloncurry
Xu (1997) +1 other reference
    • Mareeba Shire
      • Mungana
Lehrmann (2012)
    • McKinlay Shire
      • McKinlay
Walters et al. (1998) +1 other reference
  • South Australia
    • District Council of Mount Barker
Nenke (1972) +1 other reference
  • Tasmania
    • West Coast municipality
      • Zeehan mining district
        • Mt Heemskirk mineral field
Hajitaheri (1985)
  • Western Australia
    • Dundas Shire
      • Fraser Range
Dana et al. (2025) +1 other reference
    • East Pilbara Shire
      • Nullagine
Elliott et al. (1987)
Austria
 
  • Salzburg
    • St. Johann im Pongau District
      • Radstadt
Feitzinger et al. (1988) +1 other reference
      • Untertauern
Strasser (1989)
    • Zell am See District
      • Mittersill
Meixner (1968) +3 other references
  • Styria
    • Bruck-Mürzzuschlag District
      • Sankt Marein im Mürztal
        • Graschnitzgraben
Schachinger et al. (2013)
    • Liezen District
      • Öblarn
        • Walchen
www.argis.at (2002)
    • Murtal District
      • Pölstal
Haditsch (1967)
  • Tyrol
    • Lienz District
      • Obertilliach
        • Leiten
Mali (1996)
Azerbaijan
 
  • Balakan District
    • Belokan-Avar ore district
- (2005) +1 other reference
Bosnia and Herzegovina
 
  • Republika Srpska
    • Srebrenica
Radosavljević et al. (2016)
Botswana
 
  • North-East District
Mokane (2020)
Canada
 
  • British Columbia
    • Fort Steele Mining Division
      • Kimberley
- (n.d.)
  • Manitoba
    • Flin Flon District
Healy et al. (1992)
    • Snow Lake District
Bence et al. (1963)
Duff (2016)
      • Snow Lake
Geological Association of Canada (2014)
  • New Brunswick
    • York Co.
      • Clarence Stream area
Cabri et al. (2007) +1 other reference
  • Newfoundland and Labrador
    • Newfoundland
      • Baie Verte Peninsula
        • Baie Verte
Brueckner et al. (2016)
  • Northwest Territories
    • North Slave Region
Government of the Northwest Territories’ Northwest Territories Geological Survey (2016)
Coleman (1953)
RIDLAND (1941)
Coleman (1953)
RIDLAND (1941)
  • Nunavut
    • Itchen Lake
      • Izok Lake
Harris et al. (1984)
    • Kitikmeot Region
Grant (2009) +1 other reference
  • Ontario
    • Cochrane District
      • Timmins
        • Kidd Township
Kidd Operations
    • Kenora District
      • Balmer Township
Rocks & Minerals 79:2 pp94-99
Canadian Mineralogist 10:232 +1 other reference
Cabri et al. (1970)
Canadian Mineralogist (1971)
    • Thunder Bay District
      • Bomby Township
Dana's New Mineralogy +1 other reference
Sabina (1991)
Patterson (1984)
  • Québec
    • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
      • Abitibi RCM
        • Preissac
Sabina (2003)
      • La Vallée-de-l'Or RCM
        • Val d'Or
Agnico Eagle Mines Limited
    • Centre-du-Québec
      • Arthabaska RCM
        • Saints-Martyrs-Canadiens
Normand et al. (1996) +3 other references
    • Estrie
      • Memphrémagog RCM
        • Potton
Trottier et al. (1991)
    • Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine
      • Avignon RCM
        • Saint-André-de-Restigouche
Mineral. Deposita 42 (2007)
    • Mauricie
      • Mékinac RCM
Tomkins (2007)
  • Saskatchewan
    • Hanson Lake
Kennedy (2012)
Chile
 
  • Atacama
    • Huasco Province
      • Vallenar
Gudmundite was analyed by Dr. Frank Keutsch (2015)
China
 
  • Guangxi
    • Hechi
      • Luocheng Mulao Autonomous County
Liu et al. (2018)
      • Nandan County
Renke Li (1993)
Pašava et al. (2003)
Bingjie Wei et al. (1986) +1 other reference
Mineral Deposits 4 (1)
  • Inner Mongolia
    • Bayannur City (Bayannao'er Prefecture)
      • Urad Rear Banner (Wulate Houqi)
Pi et al. (2015)
  • Xinjiang
    • Akesu Prefecture
      • Baicheng Co.
Qing-Feng Ding et al. (2014) +1 other reference
    • Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
      • Tacheng Prefecture (Tarbaghatay Prefecture)
        • Tuoli Co. (Toli Co.)
          • Baogutu
Wei et al. (2019)
Czech Republic
 
  • Central Bohemian Region
    • Kutná Hora District
      • Kutná Hora
Dr Gunter Grundmann collection
Mrázek
      • Dubenec
M Kampf collection
      • Háje
        • Háje deposit
Dolníček et al. (2023)
Litochleb et al. (2011)
      • Příbram
        • Bytíz
Sejkora et al. (2022)
  • Liberec Region
Scharm +7 other references
  • Vysočina Region
    • Žďár nad Sázavou District
      • Rožná
Kříbek et al. (2009)
Finland
 
  • Central Finland
    • Laukaa
Hietanen (2015)
  • Kainuu
    • Sotkamo
Kopperoinen
  • Lapland
    • Kittilä
Agnico Eagle Mines Limited
  • North Ostrobothnia
    • Haapavesi
Kojonen
    • Kalajoki
Kontionoemi et al. (2006)
    • Raahe
Geological Survey of Finland 2007 ... +1 other reference
    • Ylivieska
Kojonen Kari 1989. The early ...
  • Pirkanmaa
    • Ylöjärvi
Luukkonen Ari 1994. Main geological ...
  • South Ostrobothnia
    • Seinäjoki
Geological Survey of Finland website +2 other references
Aho +1 other reference
Borodaev et al. (1983)
  • Southwest Finland
    • Salo
      • Kisko
Geological Survey of Finland ... +1 other reference
    • Somero
Eilu (2003)
France
 
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Haute-Loire
      • Brioude
        • Ally
          • La Rodde mine
Périchaud (1968)
        • Vieille-Brioude
Pélisson (1989)
  • Brittany
    • Côtes-d'Armor
      • Saint-Brieuc
Chauris (2014)
    • Finistère
      • Châteaulin
        • Bolazec
Pierrot et al. (1973)
  • Nouvelle-Aquitaine
    • Corrèze
      • Tulle
Picot et al. (1982)
  • Occitanie
    • Haute-Garonne
      • Gaud
Picot et al. (1982)
Germany
 
  • Bavaria
    • Upper Franconia
      • Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge
        • Wunsiedel
          • Sinatengrün
Weiß (1990)
    • Upper Palatinate
      • Tirschenreuth District
        • Leonberg
          • Pfaffenreuth
Rank (1985)
  • Lower Saxony
    • Goslar District
      • Goslar
        • Rammelsberg
Greece
 
  • Attica
    • East Attica
      • Lavreotiki
        • Plaka
          • Plaka Mines
Uwe Kolitsch and Branko Rieck (unpubl. SEM-EDS results)
Greenland
 
  • Kujalleq
Petersen et al. (1993) +1 other reference
Karup-Møller et al. (2001)
      • Tunulliarfik Fjord
Sørensen (1962) +2 other references
India
 
  • Karnataka
    • Kolar District
Mishra et al. (1999)
  • Rajasthan
    • Ajmer District
Das et al. (2024)
    • Bhilwara District
Höller et al. (1997) +1 other reference
    • Jodhpur Division
      • Sirohi District
Deb (1980)
Deb (1980)
    • Udaipur Division
      • Rajsamand District
Mukherjee et al. (1998)
Parihar et al. (2016, October)
  • Uttarakhand
    • Pithoragarh District
Seetharam (1981) +3 other references
Ireland
 
  • Munster
    • Tipperary County
      • Silvermines District
Rhoden (1959) +2 other references
Moreton (1999)
Rhoden (1959) +2 other references
Italy
 
  • Lombardy
    • Como Province
      • San Nazzaro Val Cavargna
Maglia (1990)
  • Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
    • South Tyrol
      • Burggrafenamt (Burgraviato)
        • Moos in Passeier (Moso in Passiria)
Exel (1987) +1 other reference
      • Eisacktal (Valle Isarco)
Exel (1987) +7 other references
Exel (1987) +1 other reference
Japan
 
  • Okayama Prefecture
    • Takahashi City
      • Bitchū
        • Fuka
Takechi et al. (2003)
Kazakhstan
 
  • East Kazakhstan Region
    • Altai District
      • Zyryanovsk complex
Mozgova et al. (1994)
    • Katonkaragay District
Mozgova et al. (1994)
Kyrgyzstan
 
  • Talas Region
    • Talas Silver District
      • Kumyshtag ore cluster
Pavlova et al. (2009)
Mali
 
  • Kayes Region
    • Kayes Cercle
      • Sadiola Commune
Masurel et al. (2017)
Guillaume Vic (2015) +2 other references
Mongolia
 
  • Bayan-Ölgii Province
    • Nogoonnuur District
      • Yustid ore cluster
        • Asgat-Ozernoe zone
Pavlova et al. (2009)
Morocco
 
  • Marrakesh-Safi Region
    • Rehamna Province
      • Sidi Bou Othmane Cercle
        • Jebilet Mountain (Djebilet Mountain)
Essarraj et al. (2022)
Norway
 
  • Agder
    • Vegårshei
Naik (1975) +1 other reference
  • Nordland
    • Fauske
      • Sulitjelma
        • Sulitjelma Copper Mines
Cook (1996)
Ramdohr (1938) +1 other reference
Cook (1996)
    • Hemnes
      • Bleikvasslia
F.M. Vokes (1963)
    • Rana
Saager (1967)
Cook (2001) +1 other reference
    • Vefsn
      • Husvika
Geological Survey of Norway. The Ore ...
  • Rogaland
    • Karmøy
      • Karmøy Island
Ramdohr (1938)
    • Lund
Pedersen (1975)
Peru
 
  • Puno
    • Carabaya Province
Aguirre Cernades (2017)
    • Melgar Province
Harlaux et al. (2023)
Portugal
 
  • Beja
    • Beja
      • Nossa Senhora das Neves
Mateus et al. (2005)
    • Castro Verde
      • Santa Bárbara de Padrões
Lundin Mining 
    • Mértola
      • São Pedro de Solis e São Sebastião dos Carros
Mateus
Bussink (1984)
Romania
 
  • Maramureș County
    • Târgu Lăpuș
HÎRTOPANU et al. (2025)
Russia
 
  • Altai Republic
    • Yustid ore cluster
      • Asgat-Ozernoe zone
Pavlova et al. (2009)
Borisenko et al. (1999) +1 other reference
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Karabash
      • Karabash ophiolite massif
        • Soimon Valley
Pekov (1998) +4 other references
  • Krasnoyarsk Krai
    • Enisei Range (Yenisei Ridge; Enisei Ridge)
Afanas'eva et al. (1995) +3 other references
Genkin et al. (1998)
Kovalev et al. (2023)
    • Severo-Yeniseysky District
Onufrienok et al. (2015)
  • Magadan Oblast
    • Omsukchansky District
      • Ducat ore field
Makshakov et al. (2024)
  • Murmansk Oblast
    • Voron'i Tundry
A. A. Kalinin et al. (2016) +1 other reference
Gavrilenko (2001)
  • Primorsky Krai
    • Dalnegorsk Urban District
Ratkin et al. (2020) +1 other reference
    • Dalnerechensky District
      • Malinovsky cluster
Gvozdev et al. (2016)
    • Olginsky District
      • Sikhote Alin Mountains
Kazachenko et al. (2024)
Kazachenko et al. (1979)
  • Republic of Karelia
    • Pitkyarantsky District
      • Alattu-Pakula-Janis ore field
Ivashchenko et al. (2006) +1 other reference
  • Sakha
Goryachev et al. (2011)
    • Oymyakonsky District
      • Sarychev Range
Gamyanin G.N. et al. (2001)
    • Verkhoyansk Fold Belt
      • Verkhoyansk Silver Province
        • Western Verkhoyansk District
          • Mangazeisky ore cluster
Pavlova et al. (2009)
  • Sayan Mountains
    • Il’chir ophiolite belt
      • Ospa–Kitoi massif (Ospin–Kitoi massif)
Tatarinov et al. (2021)
Slovakia
 
  • Banská Bystrica Region
    • Banská Bystrica District
Hovoric (2009)
    • Brezno District
Koděra et al. (1986)
    • Poltár District
      • Cinobaňa
Ferenc Š. et al. (Slovenské Rudohorie, veporikum)
  • Bratislava Region
    • Malacky District
      • Kuchyňa
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Pernek
Koděra et al. (1986)
    • Pezinok District
      • Limbach
Andráš P. et al. (1999)
      • Pezinok
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.) +2 other references
Ozdín D. et al. (2008)
Chovan M. et al. (2002) +1 other reference
  • Košice Region
    • Gelnica District
      • Smolník
Radvanec M. et al. (2022)
    • Rožňava District
      • Čučma
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Ochtiná
Koděra et al. (1986)
South Africa
 
  • Limpopo
    • Mopani District Municipality
      • Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality
        • Murchison Range
          • Gravelotte
            • Consolidated Murchison Mines
Cairncross et al. (1995) +1 other reference
Williams-Jones et al. (1997)
  • Mpumalanga
    • Nkangala District Municipality
      • Victor Khanye Local Municipality
        • Delmas
Willemse (1944) +2 other references
  • Northern Cape
    • Pixley ka Seme District Municipality
      • Siyathemba Local Municipality
        • Copperton
Cairncross et al. (1995) +1 other reference
South Korea
 
  • Busan
    • Gijang County
      • Ilgwang-eup
Imai (1942)
  • North Gyeongsang Province
    • Bonghwa County
Yun et al. (1999)
  • South Gyeongsang Province
    • Jinju City
Shin et al. (1987) +2 other references
  • Ulsan
    • Buk District
Choi et al. (2002)
Spain
 
  • Andalusia
    • Huelva
      • Calañas
        • Sotiel-Coronada mines
Álvarez-Valero et al. (2009)
    • Seville
      • Cazalla de la Sierra
Calvo Rebollar (2003)
  • Asturias
    • Belmonte de Miranda
Cepedal et al. (2008)
    • Salas
      • Carlés
Calvo et al. (2014)
  • Cantabria
    • Reocín
Dr. Günter Grundmann collection
  • Castile and Leon
    • León
      • Riaño
        • Escaro
Gutiérrez Villarias (nordeste de Leon)
Sweden
 
  • Dalarna County
    • Hedemora
      • Garpenberg
Grensman et al. (2001)
Tiu (2019) +1 other reference
  • Örebro County
    • Askersund
      • Åmmeberg
      • Hammar
Zakrzewski et al. (1986)
      • Zinkgruvan
Andersen (2009)
          • Knalla Mine
Andersen (2009)
    • Hällefors
      • Grythyttan
Burke et al. (1990)
Jasinski (1983)
Zakrzewski et al. (1984)
Zakrzewski et al. (1984)
Zakrzewski et al. (1984)
Zakrzewski et al. (1984)
    • Lindesberg
      • Stråssa
Gatedal (n.d.)
  • Östergötland County
    • Finspång
      • Doverstorp ore field
Zakrzewski et al. (1982) +1 other reference
  • Södermanland County
    • Nyköping
      • Tunaberg
Dobbe (1991) +1 other reference
Dobbe et al. (1994)
    • Trosa
      • Långsjön
Hålenius et al. (1982)
  • Värmland County
    • Filipstad
      • Långban Ore District
      • Persberg ore district
Econ Geol (1984)
        • Kroppa
Gatedal (n.d.) +1 other reference
  • Västerbotten County
    • Lycksele
Rincon (2022)
    • Malå
Jonsson (1992)
Gatedal (n.d.) +1 other reference
    • Norsjö
Ödman (1939)
Boliden Group
Boliden Group
Grip (1951)
    • Skellefteå
      • Boliden
Econ Geol (1996) +2 other references
Schlatter (2007)
Steadman et al. (2026)
    • Vilhelmina
Juve (1974)
  • Västernorrland County
    • Örnsköldsvik
Friederike Minz et al. (2013) +1 other reference
  • Västmanland County
    • Sala Municipality
Johansson (1928) +3 other references
      • Sala
Kieft et al. (1987) +1 other reference
Switzerland
 
  • Ticino
    • Lugano
      • Curio
Köppel (1966) +1 other reference
Tajikistan
 
  • Gorno-Badakhshan
    • Pamir Silver District
      • Bazardara ore cluster
Pavlova et al. (2009)
  • Sughd
    • Mastchoh District
      • Altyn-Topkan ore field (Zarnisor ore field)
Badalov et al. (1975)
Tanzania
 
  • Kigoma Region
Wilhelmij et al. (2016)
  • Tabora Region
    • Nzega District
Resolute Mining
Turkey
 
  • Tokat Province
    • Turhal District
Kouřimský (1986)
USA
 
  • Idaho
    • Blaine County
      • Mineral Hill Mining District
        • Bullion Creek
          • New York-Idaho Exploration Company Property
Hall et al. (1972)
J.Wright Horton and Victor A.Zullo
    • Davidson County
      • Silver Hill Mining District
J.Wright Horton et al. (1991)
  • Virginia
    • Louisa County
      • Gold-Pyrite Belt
Miller et al. (1983) +1 other reference
  • Washington
    • Chelan County
      • Leavenworth Mining District
        • Van Epps Pass
Cannon
...
Uzbekistan
 
  • Samarqand
    • North Nuratau Mountains
      • Zarmitan
Gromova +5 other references
Zimbabwe
 
  • Matabeleland South
    • Gwanda - Filabusi District
Saager et al. (1987)
  • Midlands
    • Kwekwe District
Zeitschrift fuer angewandte Geologie 38 (1992)
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