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Rammelsbergite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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08267730017271926039672.jpg
Rammelsbergite, etc.

Oberschlema, Bad Schlema, Aue-Bad Schlema, Erzgebirgskreis, Saxony, Germany
06251220017271926065931.jpg
Rammelsbergite, etc.

Penna Mine, Harris Township, Cobalt area, Cobalt-Gowganda region, Timiskaming District, Ontario, Canada
05932430017271926135955.jpg
Rammelsbergite

Bellellen Mine, South Lorrain Township, Cobalt-Gowganda region, Timiskaming District, Ontario, Canada
04360350017864942151230.jpg
Rammelsbergite, etc.

Oberschlema, Bad Schlema, Aue-Bad Schlema, Erzgebirgskreis, Saxony, Germany
06251220017271926065931.jpg
Rammelsbergite, etc.

Penna Mine, Harris Township, Cobalt area, Cobalt-Gowganda region, Timiskaming District, Ontario, Canada
05932430017271926135955.jpg
Rammelsbergite

Bellellen Mine, South Lorrain Township, Cobalt-Gowganda region, Timiskaming District, Ontario, Canada
08267730017271926039672.jpg
Rammelsbergite, etc.

Oberschlema, Bad Schlema, Aue-Bad Schlema, Erzgebirgskreis, Saxony, Germany
06251220017271926065931.jpg
Rammelsbergite, etc.

Penna Mine, Harris Township, Cobalt area, Cobalt-Gowganda region, Timiskaming District, Ontario, Canada
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About RammelsbergiteHide

03954410017271926185350.jpg
Karl Rammelsberg
Formula:
NiAs2
Colour:
Tin white with faint pinkish hue
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
5½ - 6
Specific Gravity:
7.0 - 7.2
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named in 1845 by James D. Dana in honor of Karl Friedrich August Rammelsberg (April 1, 1813 Berlin, Germany (Prussia) – December 28, 1899 Gross Lichterfelde, Germany), German chemist and mineralogist who taught at the University of Berlin and at the Royal Industrial Institute. He published many significant books on systematic mineralogy.
Isostructural with:
Marcasite
The high-temperature polymorph of NiAs2; pararammelsbergite is the low-temperature polymorph (Fleet, 1972).

Compare, e.g., nickeline and the (now approved / redefined) dienerite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
3357
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3357:8

Similar NamesHide

IMA Classification of RammelsbergiteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Ni3+(As2)3-

Classification of RammelsbergiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
2.EB.15a

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.
Dana 8th ed.:
2.12.2.12

2 : SULFIDES
12 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2
Hey's CIM Ref.:
3.11.28

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
11 : Sulphides etc. of Ni

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
RmbIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
RmbThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of RammelsbergiteHide

Lustre:
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Tin white with faint pinkish hue
Streak:
Grayish black
Hardness:
5½ - 6 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=630 - 758 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Good on {101}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
7.0 - 7.2 g/cm3 (Measured)    7.091 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of RammelsbergiteHide

Anisotropism:
Strong, especially in blues
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)R2 (%)
400nm56.1%59.8%
420nm56.6%60.2%
440nm56.8%61.0%
460nm56.6%61.1%
480nm56.1%60.9%
500nm56.2%60.8%
520nm56.5%60.8%
540nm56.8%60.9%
560nm57.0%60.9%
580nm57.0%60.9%
600nm56.9%60.6%
620nm56.8%60.1%
640nm56.6%59.6%
660nm56.4%58.9%
680nm56.6%58.5%
700nm56.7%58.0%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 61.1%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
White
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
In yellowish to pinkish hue and bluish white

Chemistry of RammelsbergiteHide

Mindat Formula:
NiAs2
Element Weights:
Element% weight
As71.855 %
Ni28.145 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
As
Ni
Elements listed:
As, Ni - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Co,Se,S,Fe,Sb

Crystallography of RammelsbergiteHide

Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnnm
Setting:
Pnnm
Cell Parameters:
a = 4.759 Å, b = 5.797 Å, c = 3.539 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.821 : 1 : 0.61
Unit Cell V:
97.63 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Usually massive. Prismatic crystals are rare.
Twinning:
On {101}

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0011957RammelsbergiteKjekshus A, Peterzens P G, Rakke T, Andresen A F (1979) Compounds with the marcasite type crystal structure. XIII. Structural and magnetic properties of CrtFe1-tAs2, CrtFe1-tSb2, Fe1-tNitAs2 and Fe1-tNitSb2 Acta Chemica Scandinavica A33 469-4801979synthetic0293
0011937RammelsbergiteKjekshus A, Rakke T, Andresen A (1974) Compounds of the marcasite type crystal structure. IX. Structural data for FeAs2, FeSe2, NiAs2, NiSb2, and CuSe2 Acta Chemica Scandinavica A28 996-10001974synthetic0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
2.82 Å(100)
2.52 Å(90)
2.42 Å(60)
2.00 Å(30)
1.84 Å(70)
1.75 Å(30)
1.66 Å(30)
1.21 Å(100)
Comments:
ICDD 15-441

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])
Geological Setting:
In moderate temperature hydrothermal veins

Type Occurrence of RammelsbergiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Schneeberg, Erzgebirgskreis, Saxony, Germany
General Appearance of Type Material:
Bright silvery metallic masses

Synonyms of RammelsbergiteHide

Other Language Names for RammelsbergiteHide

Varieties of RammelsbergiteHide

Relationship of Rammelsbergite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Löllingite Group
Other Members of Löllingite Group:
AlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsSMon. 2 : P21
AnduoiteRuAs2Orth.
ClinosaffloriteCoAs2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
CostibiteCoSbSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
LöllingiteFeAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
NisbiteNiSb2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
OeniteCoSbAsOrth.
OmeiiteOsAs2Orth.
ParacostibiteCoSbSOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
PararammelsbergiteNiAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
Safflorite(Co,Ni,Fe)As2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
'UM1998-01-AsSb:CoFeNi'(Fe,Ni)SbAs

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
312 photos of Rammelsbergite associated with NickelineNiAs
310 photos of Rammelsbergite associated with NickelskutteruditeNiAs3
302 photos of Rammelsbergite associated with QuartzSiO2
194 photos of Rammelsbergite associated with Native BismuthBi
119 photos of Rammelsbergite associated with CalciteCaCO3
92 photos of Rammelsbergite associated with BismuthiniteBi2S3
87 photos of Rammelsbergite associated with PyriteFeS2
82 photos of Rammelsbergite associated with BaryteBaSO4
76 photos of Rammelsbergite associated with DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
68 photos of Rammelsbergite associated with SkutteruditeCoAs3

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.EB.SelenolauriteRuSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.AndrieslombaarditeRhSbSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.Iridarsenite(Ir,Ru)As2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.Kanatzidisite(SbBiS3)2Te2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.EB.05aVaesiteNiS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aHaueriteMnS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aLauriteRuS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aGaotaiiteIr3Te8Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aPenroseite(Ni,Co,Cu)Se2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aFukuchiliteCu3FeS8Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aVillamanínite(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2Tric.
2.EB.05aErlichmaniteOsS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aSperrylitePtAs2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aGeversitePtSb2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aCattieriteCoS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aAurostibiteAuSb2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aTrogtaliteCoSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a v'Cayeuxite'
2.EB.05aKruťaiteCuSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aPyriteFeS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aInsizwaitePtBi2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05bBambollaiteCu(Se,Te)2Tet.
2.EB.05aDzharkeniteFeSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.10aMarcasiteFeS2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10eParacostibiteCoSbSOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10fOeniteCoSbAsOrth.
2.EB.10ePararammelsbergiteNiAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10aMattagamiteCoTe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aFrohbergiteFeTe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10dCostibiteCoSbSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
2.EB.10bAlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsSMon. 2 : P21
2.EB.10cGlaucodot(Co0.50Fe0.50)AsSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
2.EB.10aPetříčekiteCuSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aKulleruditeNiSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aFerroseliteFeSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15bSeinäjokiteFeSb2Orth.
2.EB.15aClinosaffloriteCoAs2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.EB.15cPaxiteCuAs2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.15aNisbiteNiSb2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aLöllingiteFeAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aSafflorite(Co,Ni,Fe)As2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aOmeiiteOsAs2Orth.
2.EB.15aAnduoiteRuAs2Orth.
2.EB.20ArsenopyriteFeAsSMon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.20Ruarsite(Ru,Os)AsSMon.
2.EB.20Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsSMon.
2.EB.20GudmunditeFeSbSMon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.25MayingiteIrBiTeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25MaslovitePtBiTeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25ParagersdorffiteNi(As,S)2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25OrthogersdorffiteNiAsSOrth. mm2 : Pca21
2.EB.25SulfopadmaitePdBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25JolliffeiteNiAsSeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25CobaltiteCoAsSOrth. mm2 : Pca21
2.EB.25GuixiangiteNiBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25TestibiopalladitePdSbTeIso.
2.EB.25 va'Antimony-bearing Gersdorffite'Ni(As,Sb)S
2.EB.25KalungaitePdAsSeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsSIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25MicheneritePdBiTeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25GersdorffiteNiAsSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25MilotaitePdSbSeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25TolovkiteIrSbSIso.
2.EB.25'Platarsite'Pt(As,S)2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25WillyamiteCoSbS
2.EB.25ChangchengiteIrBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25KvačekiteNiSbSeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25KrutoviteNiAs2Iso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25PadmaitePdBiSeIso. 432
2.EB.25UllmanniteNiSbSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsSIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.30UrvantsevitePd(Bi,Pb)2Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
2.EB.35RheniiteReS2Tric. 1 : P1

Fluorescence of RammelsbergiteHide

In UV light:
Not fluorescent

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for RammelsbergiteHide

References for RammelsbergiteHide

Reference List:
Hofmann (1832) Annalen der Physik: 25: 491.
Breithaupt (1845) Annalen der Physik: 64: 184.
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.pp.309-310
Roseboom, E.H. (1963) Co-Ni-Fe diarsenides: Compositions and cell dimensions. American Mineralogist: 48: 271.
Radcliffe, Dennis (1967) Some properties of rammelsbergite and pararammelsbergite. The Canadian Mineralogist, 9 (1). p.128-131.
Kjekshus, Arne, Rakke, Trond, Andresen, Arne F., Southern, J. T. (1974) Compounds with the Marcasite Type Crystal Structure. IX. Structural Data for FeAs2, FeSe2, NiAs2, NiSb2, and CuSe2. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 28. 996-1000 doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.28a-0996
Kjekshus, Arne; Peterzéns, Per G.; Rakke, Trond; Andresen, Arne F.; Hoyer, Eberhard; Spiridonov, V. P.; Strand, T. G. (1979) Compounds with the marcasite type crystal structure. XIII. Structural and magnetic properties of CrtFe1-tAs2, CrtFe1-tSb2, Fe1-tNitAs2 and Fe1-t NitSb2. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, A33. 469-480 doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.33a-0469
Gritzenko, Y.D., Spiridonov, E.M. (2005) Minerals of continuous series rammelsbergite—loellingite and rammelsbergite—safflorite in metamorphic—hydrothermal veins of Norilsk ore field. Zapiski Rossiiskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchetstva: 134(1): 53-68.
(2005) Rammelsbergite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for RammelsbergiteHide

Showing 322 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina
 
  • Jujuy Province
    • Cochinoca Department
      • Abra Pampa
C. S. Lurgo Mayón (1999)
Milka K. de Brodtkorb (1973) +2 other references
  • La Rioja Province
    • Chilecito department
De Brodtkorb (2009)
Brodtkorb (2002)
    • Vinchina department
      • Jagüé
        • Sierra de Cumichango
          • Quebrada de Cumichango
Las Especies Minerales de La Republica ...
  • San Juan Province
    • Iglesia Department
      • Angualasto
Zappettini et al. (2014)
Australia
 
  • Tasmania
    • Huon Valley municipality
      • Huon-Channel region
        • Weld river district
Bottrill et al. (2008)
Austria
 
  • Carinthia
    • Sankt Veit an der Glan District
      • Friesach
        • Olsa
          • Minachberg
Christian Auer specimen
      • Hüttenberg
Michael Waitzinger et al. (2021)
          • Lölling mining district
  • Salzburg
    • St. Johann im Pongau District
Paar et al. (1978)
      • Mühlbach am Hochkönig
Paar et al. (1978) +1 other reference
    • Zell am See District
      • Leogang
        • Hütten
          • Schwarzleograben
Strasser (1989)
  • Styria
    • Liezen District
      • Schladming
        • Obertalbach valley
Friedrich (1933)
Pribitzer (1956) +3 other references
  • Tyrol
    • Schwaz District
      • Fügenberg
Schreieck et al. (2026)
Bolivia
 
  • Cochabamba
    • Tapacari Province
Machlan et al. (1989)
Bulgaria
 
  • Sofia City Province
    • Stolichna Municipality
      • Buhovo
Kalaidjiev et al. (2009)
  • Sofia Province
    • Etropole Municipality
Strashimirov et al. (2002) +2 other references
Canada
 
  • British Columbia
    • Vernon Mining Division
      • Lightning Peak Camp
- (Lloyd Twaites collection)
  • Newfoundland and Labrador
    • Newfoundland
      • Baie Verte Peninsula
        • Tilt Cove
Sabina (2003)
      • Notre Dame Bay
        • Springdale peninsula
Papezik (1967)
  • Northwest Territories
    • Camsell River area
Badham (1975)
Badham (1975)
D. C. Harris (1973) +1 other reference
    • Great Slave Lake
      • East Arm area
ntgomap.nwtgeoscience.ca (n.d.)
Thompson (1951)
Badham et al. (1980)
Badham et al. (1980)
Badham et al. (1980)
Badham et al. (1980)
Graham et al. (2026)
Thompson (1951)
    • North Slave Region
      • Great Bear Lake
Lang (1952) +2 other references
Lang (1952)
Lang (1952) +1 other reference
Bailey (2017)
Lang (1952)
ntgomap.nwtgeoscience.ca (2015)
  • Nova Scotia
    • Hants Co.
      • Walton
Sangster et al. (1998) +1 other reference
  • Ontario
    • Cochrane District
      • Hislop Township
Chen et al. (1978)
    • Timiskaming District
      • Cobalt-Gowganda region
159-161. +1 other reference
          • Coleman Township
Mielke (n.d.)
Sabina (1974)
personal correspondance with Doug Scott
R.Mielke 2009
Traill (1983)
            • Nipissing 404
Reiner Mielke 2016
Sabina (2000)
Traill (1983) +1 other reference
Mielke (n.d.)
Sabina (2000)
Ontario Geological Survey Miscellaneous ... +2 other references
          • Harris Township
Collection A.Debnam
        • Gowganda area
          • Haultain Township
Reiner Mielke 2016
          • Leith Township
Can Mineral December 1971 v. 11 no. 1 ... +1 other reference
          • Milner Township
MDI41P10SW00023
          • Nicol Township
Mielke (n.d.)
Can Mineral December 1971 v. 11 no. 1 ...
        • South Lorrain Township
Mielke (n.d.)
  • Québec
    • Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine
      • La Haute-Gaspésie RCM
        • Mont-Albert
Girard (1971)
  • Saskatchewan
    • Athabasca Basin
www.ir.gov.sk.ca (2003)
Maurice et al. (1983) +1 other reference
      • Moore Lake
p201-211. +1 other reference
Boulogne et al. (2026)
    • Beaverlodge Lake area
      • Goldfields District
        • Consolidated Nicholson Mines
USGS Open File Report 81-1666
Chile
 
  • Atacama
    • Copiapó Province
      • Tierra Amarilla
        • Pampa Larga mining district
          • Alacrán
sample analysed by Dr. Frank Keutsch
    • Huasco Province
      • Carrizo district
informe preliminar": Caja de Crédito ... +1 other reference
  • Coquimbo
    • Limarí Province
      • Ovalle
C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988)
  • Valparaíso
    • San Felipe de Aconcagua Province
C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988)
China
 
  • Shanxi
    • Yuncheng
      • Yuanqu Co.
        • Zhongtiaoshan ore field
Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006)
Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006)
  • Yunnan
    • Dali
      • Midu County
Huanbin Song et al. (2008)
    • Lincang
      • Yun County
Kaiji Yu (1981)
    • Pu'er
      • Mojiang County
Yuan Li (1998) +1 other reference
Czech Republic
 
  • Central Bohemian Region
    • Příbram District
      • Příbram
        • Březové Hory
          • Černojamské deposit
Ondruš et al. (1989)
Kaspar et al. (1991)
Kašpar
  • Karlovy Vary Region
    • Karlovy Vary District
Gramblička (n.d.)
Duda
Ondruš et al. (2003)
Ondruš et al. (2003)
        • Svornost Mine
Ondruš et al. (2003)
      • Potůčky
Gramblička (n.d.)
  • Liberec Region
    • Liberec District
Fengl (1.)
Scharm +7 other references
  • Olomouc Region
    • Jeseník District
Sejkora (2016)
      • Javorník
        • Horní Hoštice
Pauliš et al. (2004)
        • Zálesí
Sejkora (1994)
  • Plzeň Region
    • Tachov District
      • Chodová Planá
Fiala V. (1977)
Pauliš P. Nejzajímavější ...
      • Chodský Újezd
        • Dolní Jadruž
www.mineralos.cz (2002)
      • Zadní Chodov
Parma (1973)
  • Ústí nad Labem Region
    • Chomutov District
      • Kryštofovy Hamry
Roman Gramblicka collection +1 other reference
Hyrsl et al. (2009)
    • Teplice District
      • Moldava
Sejkora (1994)
Europe
 
ATANASSOVA +3 other references
Finland
 
  • North Ostrobothnia
    • Kuusamo
Vuorelainen
    • Ylivieska
Hector et al. (2023)
France
 
  • Brittany
    • Ille-et-Vilaine
      • Rennes
Pillard F. et al. (1985)
  • Grand Est
    • Haut-Rhin
      • Colmar-Ribeauvillé
        • Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines
De Bondt (n.d.)
Martaud (2013)
          • Neuenberg
            • Chrétien vein
De Bondt (n.d.)
            • Saint Jacques vein
Gramaccioli
This mine worked the same vein as Gabe ... +3 other references
  • Occitanie
    • Aveyron
      • Rodez
        • Pruines
Lheur (2023)
Lheur (2023)
      • Villefranche-de-Rouergue
        • Aubin
membres.lycos.fr (2005)
        • Villefranche-de-Rouergue
Inventaire Mineralogique de la France ...
    • Hautes-Pyrénées
De Ascenção Guedes et al. (2002)
Notice de la carte géologique d'Arreau +1 other reference
    • Hérault
      • Béziers
        • Avène
Bariand et al. (n.d.)
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
        • Münstertal
          • Belchen
Walenta (1992)
        • Sulzburg
Wimmenauer (1955)
      • Lörrach
        • Aitern
Günter Grundmann collection
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Hausach
          • Hausach
Knausenberger (1994)
        • Oberwolfach
Walenta (1980) +1 other reference
          • Frohnbach valley
Walenta (1992)
      • Rottweil
        • Schenkenzell
          • Wittichen
Walenta (1992)
            • Böckelsbach valley
Walenta (1992)
Walenta (1992)
Walenta (1992) +1 other reference
            • Burgfelsen
            • Heubach Valley
Staude et al. (2012)
      • Waldshut
        • Dachsberg
          • Urberg
Walenta (1991) +1 other reference
        • St Blasien
          • Menzenschwand
Walenta (1996)
  • Brandenburg
    • Spree-Neiße
      • Spremberg
Nourizenouz et al. (2026)
  • Hesse
    • Darmstadt
      • Bergstraße
        • Abtsteinach
          • Mackenheim
Burisch et al. (2017)
        • Bensheim
          • Hochstädten
Nickel et al. (1985)
      • Darmstadt-Dieburg
        • Mühltal
          • Nieder-Beerbach
Burisch et al. (2017)
          • Nieder-Ramstadt
Burisch et al. (2017)
      • Main-Kinzig-Kreis
        • Biebergemünd
          • Bieber
Wagner et al. (2002)
    • Giessen Region
      • Marburg-Biedenkopf
        • Gladenbach
          • Bellnhausen
Weiß (1990)
    • Kassel Region
      • Hersfeld-Rotenburg
        • Bebra
          • Braunhausen
Weiß (1990)
Weiß (1990)
        • Nentershausen
          • Bauhaus
Gerstenberg (n.d.)
Dr. Günter Grundmann collection
          • Süß
            • Richelsdorf Smelter
Weiß (1990)
www.meteorite-lab.org (n.d.)
  • Lower Saxony
    • Goslar District
      • Braunlage
      • Harz (Landkreis Goslar)
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Hochsauerlandkreis
        • Bestwig
Wittern (2001)
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Donnersbergkreis
      • Nordpfälzer Land
        • Obermoschel
Heidtke (2001)
Dreyer (1973) +1 other reference
  • Saxony-Anhalt
    • Harz
      • Wernigerode
        • Hasserode
[var: Cobalt-bearing Rammelsbergite] Wittern (2001)
    • Mansfeld-Südharz
Siemroth et al. (1999)
Lieber et al. (1986)
  • Saxony
Hofmann (1992)
    • Erzgebirgskreis
      • Annaberg-Buchholz
        • Kleinrückerswalde
Möhn et al. (10/2020)
      • Aue-Bad Schlema
Förster et al. (2005)
Vollstädt et al. (1991)
        • Bad Schlema
          • Oberschlema
Gröbner et al. (2007)
      • Bärenstein
        • Niederschlag
Martin et al. (1994)
Baumann et al. (2000)
Wittern (2001)
      • Marienberg
        • Lauta
Hajek (2010)
Wittern (2001)
Haidinger W (1845)
Massanek et al. (2005)
        • Neustädtel
Massanek et al. (2005)
Dr. Günter Grundmann collection
Massanek et al. (2005)
      • Schwarzenberg
        • Crandorf
Gröbner et al. (2006) +1 other reference
        • Pöhla
Wittern (2001)
      • Wolkenstein
        • Gehringswalde
Gramblička (n.d.)
    • Mittelsachsen
Wittern (2001)
    • Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge
      • Dippoldiswalde
        • Niederpöbel
www.mineralienatlas.de (n.d.)
The Canadian Mineralogist
    • Vogtlandkreis
      • Klingenthal
        • Kielberg
Dr. Günter Grundmann collection
      • Limbach
Tröger (2012)
      • Neuensalz
        • Zobes
Dr. Günter Grundmann collection
      • Pöhl
M Adelt collection
Gröbner et al. (2007) +1 other reference
  • Thuringia
Witzke et al. (1998)
    • Saalfeld-Rudolstadt District
      • Unterwellenborn
Wittern (2001)
Greece
 
  • Attica
    • East Attica
      • Lavreotiki
        • Km 3
          • Km 3 mines
  • Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
    • Evros
      • Alexandroupoli
Moëlo et al. (1985)
  • South Aegean
    • Tinos
      • Tinos Island
Tombros et al. (2008)
India
 
  • Odisha
    • Jajapur (Jajpur) District
      • Sukinda ultramafic complex
        • Sukinda Valley
          • Sukinda Mines
Raju et al. (2007)
Iran
 
  • Isfahan Province
    • Nain County
      • Anarak District
Javad Amiri collection.
Tarkian et al. (1983) +2 other references
  • Zanjan Province
    • Mahneshan County
      • Central District
Rezazadeh et al. (2020)
Iraq
 
  • Erbil Governorate
    • Rawanduz District
      • Rawandiz
        • Darband-Rayat area
Yassin et al. (Eds.)
Ireland
 
  • Munster
    • Tipperary County
      • Moyne
Bergakademie Freiberg +1 other reference
Italy
 
  • Lombardy
    • Lecco Province
      • Primaluna
Vergani et al. (2024)
Carmagnola et al. (2019)
  • Piedmont
    • Metropolitan City of Turin
      • Balme
Piccoli et al. (2007)
      • Bruzolo
Respino (1980)
      • Usseglio
- (n.d.) +2 other references
  • Sardinia
    • South Sardinia Province
      • Arburese
doi.org (n.d.) +2 other references
Moroni et al. (2019)
Billows (1941) +1 other reference
      • Fluminimaggiore
Stara et al. (1996)
Billows (1941) +1 other reference
doi.org (n.d.) +3 other references
      • Gonnosfanadiga
Stara et al. (1996)
- (n.d.) +1 other reference
doi.org (n.d.) +3 other references
- (n.d.)
Stara et al. (1996)
Stara et al. (1996)
      • Muravera
Piepoli (1933) +1 other reference
      • San Vito
Piepoli (1933) +1 other reference
Piepoli (1933) +1 other reference
Piepoli (1933) +1 other reference
  • Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
    • Trento Province
      • Roncegno Terme
- (n.d.)
Japan
 
  • Hyogo Prefecture
    • Yabu City
      • Oya-cho
Matsukuma (1958)
Mexico
 
  • Chihuahua
    • Ascención Municipality
      • Sabinal
Panczner (1987)
    • Batopilas Municipality
      • Andrés del Rio mining district
Wilson et al. (1986) +1 other reference
Mongolia
 
  • Bayan-Ölgii Province
    • Bugat District
      • Tolbonur ore cluster
Borisenko et al. (1999) +1 other reference
Morocco
 
  • Drâa-Tafilalet Region
Econ Geol (1997)
    • Errachidia Province
      • Er-Rissani Cercle
        • Taouz Caïdat
          • Merzouga
            • Mefis Mine
Jahn et al. (2003)
Jahn et al. (2003)
          • Tizi n' Ressas
Jahn et al. (2003)
    • Midelt Province
      • Midelt Cercle
        • Aït Oufella Caïdat
          • Mibladen
Zaid et al. (2025)
    • Ouarzazate Province
      • Amerzgane Cercle
        • Ouisselsate Caïdat
Favreau et al. (2006)
ONA
    • Zagora Province
      • Agdz Cercle
        • Tansifte Caïdat
          • Aït Ahmane
Guilbert et al. (1968) +1 other reference
Favreau et al. (2006)
Praszkier (2010)
          • Tamdrost
Maria Lázaro et al. (2012)
Norway
 
  • Buskerud
Neumann (1944)
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Głogów County
      • Gmina Jerzmanowa
        • Bądzów
KGHM Polska Miedź
Lis et al. (1986)
Harańczyk 1972: Mineralizacja ...
    • Kamienna Góra County
      • Gmina Kamienna Góra
        • Rędziny
Pieczka et al. (2009)
Mochnacka et al. (2012)
Hoehne (1936) +3 other references
Piestrzyński et al. (2012)
    • Lubin County
Lis et al. (1986)
Salamon W.
Lis et al. (1986)
    • Polkowice County
      • Gmina Polkowice
        • Polkowice
KGHM Polska Miedź
Piestrzyński et al. (2000)
KGHM Polska Miedź
    • Wałbrzych County
      • Gmina Walim
Madziarz (2006)
Muszer et al. (2006) +1 other reference
    • Zgorzelec County
      • Bogatynia
        • Markocice
Mochnacka et al. (2015)
Romania
 
  • Bihor County
    • Nucet
Ilinca (1998) +2 other references
Zajzon et al. (2015)
Zajzon et al. (2015)
  • Caraş-Severin County
    • Ciclova Română
Ilinca (1998) +1 other reference
Ilinca (1998) +1 other reference
Ilinca (1998) +1 other reference
Ilinca (1998) +1 other reference
  • Maramureș County
    • Târgu Lăpuș
Hirtopanu et al. (2015) +1 other reference
  • Suceava County
Hîrtopanu P. et al. (2004)
Russia
 
  • Adygea (Republic of Adygea)
    • Maykopsky District
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.) +1 other reference
  • Buryatia
    • Severo-Baykalsky District
      • Dovyren Highlands
Galuskin (2007)
  • Irkutsk Oblast
    • Bodaybinsky District
      • Bodaibo
        • Lena Gold District
          • Kropotkinsky ore cluster
www.igem.ru (2001) +1 other reference
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Koryak Okrug
      • Olyutorsky district
        • Korf
Kozlov et al. (2011)
    • Ust-Bolsheretsky District
      • Dukuk Complex (Dukuk Massif)
Tararin et al. (2007)
Tararin et al. (2007)
  • Khakassia (Republic of Khakassia)
Tretiakova et al. (2010)
  • Krasnoyarsk Krai
    • Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug
      • Taimyr Peninsula
        • Norilsk-Talnakh Mining Region
          • Talnakh Cu-Ni Deposit
Gritsenko et al. (2005) +2 other references
  • Magadan Oblast
    • Omchak gold field
Goryachev et al. (2008)
Goryachev et al. (2014)
  • Orenburg Oblast
    • Gaysky District
Zaikov et al. (2006)
  • Sakha
    • Tenkeli Au-W-Sn district
Gamyanin +6 other references
  • Tuva
    • Chedi-Kholsky District
USGS Open File Report 2005-1252 p173ff +2 other references
  • Voronezh Oblast
Gillen et al. (Eds.)
Slovakia
 
  • Košice Region
    • Rožňava District
Koděra et al. (1986)
Kiefer et al. (2020) +1 other reference
          • Martini vein system
Halahyjová-Andrusovová G. et al. (in Slovak)
Halahyjová-Andrusovová G. et al. (in Slovak)
Števko et al. (2020)
  • Trenčín Region
    • Bánovce nad Bebravou District
      • Čierna Lehota
Jeleň et al. (2009)
South Korea
 
  • Ulsan
    • Buk District
CHOI et al. (1985) +2 other references
Spain
 
  • Andalusia
    • Córdoba
Dr. Günter Grundmann collection
CARMONA RUIZ et al. (2025)
      • Villanueva de Córdoba
Schnorrer (2000)
    • Málaga
      • Ojén
        • Ojén lherzolite massif
Am Min 57:3 pp 354-363 +1 other reference
  • Aragon
    • Huesca
      • Castejón de Sos
Fanlo et al. (2005)
      • San Juan de Plan
Fanlo et al. (2004) +1 other reference
  • Catalonia
    • Tarragona
      • Conca de Barberà
        • Vimbodí i Poblet
          • Bosc de Poblet
Econ Geol (1992)
  • Extremadura
    • Badajoz
Sweden
 
  • Jämtland County
    • Östersund
Nyström et al. (1991)
  • Norrbotten County
    • Älvsbyn
Ödman (1945)
  • Värmland County
    • Filipstad
      • Långban Ore District
Holtstam et al. (1999)
  • Västerbotten County
    • Malå
Grip (1961)
Gavelin (1945)
Switzerland
 
  • Aargau
    • Brugg
      • Riniken
Stalder et al. (1998)
    • Laufenburg
      • Kaisten
Stalder et al. (1998)
    • Rheinfelden
Beda Hofmann (1986)
  • Valais
    • Leuk
      • Turtmann-Unterems
        • Turtmann Valley
          • Blüomatttälli
Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference
    • Sierre
      • Anniviers
        • Ayer
Stalder et al. (1998)
Ansermet (2012)
        • Grimentz
Ansermet (2012)
Turkey
 
  • Bursa Province
    • Orhaneli District
Kabiru et al. (2017, April)
UK
 
  • England
    • Cornwall
      • Altarnun
Darnley et al. (1965)
      • Perranarworthal
      • St Stephen-in-Brannel
Davis et al. (1965)
    • Cumbria
      • Eden
        • Alston Moor
          • Garrigill
Ixer et al. (1987)
      • South Lakeland
        • Coniston
Day (1999)
    • Devon
      • East Devon
        • Budleigh Salterton
Brian Craik-Smith collection +5 other references
      • Teignbridge
        • West Buckfastleigh
Darnley et al. (1965)
    • Northumberland
      • Newbrough
Ixer et al. (1998)
  • Scotland
    • Clackmannanshire
      • Alva
        • Silver Glen
[J.Russell Soc 1998:23]
    • Dumfries and Galloway
      • Cassencarie
Temple (1954) +1 other reference
      • Wanlockhead
Mineralogical Magazine 1954 30 : ...
  • Wales
    • Powys
      • Old Radnor
National Museum of Wales database +1 other reference
USA
 
  • Arizona
    • Cochise County
Graeme (1993)
        • Hendricks Gulch
Graeme (1993)
Wenrich (1988) +1 other reference
      • Orphan Mining District
        • Grand Canyon Village
Gornitz (1986) +3 other references
  • Colorado
    • Garfield County
      • East Rifle Creek area
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Jefferson County
      • Ralston Buttes Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
USGS Open-File Report 83-417 +1 other reference
    • San Juan County
      • Elk Park
Eckel et al. (1997)
  • Connecticut
    • Middlesex County
      • East Hampton
        • Cobalt
Januzzi et al. (1976)
  • Maine
    • Knox County
      • Union
Rainville et al. (1976)
  • Michigan
    • Keweenaw County
      • Allouez Township
        • Mohawk
[MinRec - 23:Michigan 68] +1 other reference
  • Minnesota
    • Saint Louis County
Raič et al. (2015)
  • Nevada
    • Churchill County
      • Cottonwood Canyon
        • Bolivia
Castor et al. (2004)
  • New Jersey
    • Sussex County
      • Franklin
        • Franklin Mine
Oen et al. (1984) +2 other references
  • New Mexico
    • Grant County
      • Big Burro Mountains
        • Black Hawk Mining District
[Rocks & Minerals Vol 68 March/April ...
Page et al. (1956) +2 other references
von Bargen (1993)
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