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Aurostibite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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07042620017271921218509.jpg
Aurostibite

Krásná Hora nad Vltavou, Příbram District, Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic
05886150017271921246433.jpg
Aurostibite

Krásná Hora nad Vltavou, Příbram District, Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic
00669510017271921295183.jpg
Aurostibite

Augusta mine, Costerfield, City of Greater Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
05118410017864941883606.jpg
Aurostibite

Krásná Hora nad Vltavou, Příbram District, Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic
05886150017271921246433.jpg
Aurostibite

Krásná Hora nad Vltavou, Příbram District, Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic
00669510017271921295183.jpg
Aurostibite

Augusta mine, Costerfield, City of Greater Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
07042620017271921218509.jpg
Aurostibite

Krásná Hora nad Vltavou, Příbram District, Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic
05886150017271921246433.jpg
Aurostibite

Krásná Hora nad Vltavou, Příbram District, Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic
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About AurostibiteHide

Formula:
AuSb2
Colour:
White
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
9.98
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Pyrite Group
Name:
Named after its chemical composition, containing gold (Latin: aurum) and antimony (Latin: stibium).
Pyrite Group. Chemically similar to UM1996-36-Sb:Au. Also compare pampaloite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
430
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:430:3

IMA Classification of AurostibiteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1952
Type description reference:
Graham, A. R., Kaiman, S. (1952) Aurostibite, AuSb2; a new mineral in the pyrite group. American Mineralogist, 37 (5-6) 461-469

Classification of AurostibiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
2.EB.05a

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.
Dana 8th ed.:
2.12.1.11

2 : SULFIDES
12 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2
Hey's CIM Ref.:
1.47

1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
AusbIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
AusThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Pronunciation of AurostibiteHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of AurostibiteHide

Lustre:
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
White
Comment:
Gray with bornite like tarnish
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=280 - 292 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Density:
9.98 g/cm3 (Measured)    9.91 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of AurostibiteHide

Type:
Isotropic
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)
400nm56.4%
420nm57.2%
440nm57.9%
460nm58.6%
480nm59.1%
500nm59.6%
520nm60.0%
540nm60.3%
560nm60.6%
580nm61.0%
600nm61.3%
620nm61.5%
640nm61.6%
660nm61.5%
680nm61.4%
700nm61.2%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 61.6%.
Colour in reflected light:
Galena like with pinkish tinge.

Chemistry of AurostibiteHide

Mindat Formula:
AuSb2
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Sb55.284 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Sb
Elements listed:
Au, Sb - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of AurostibiteHide

Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3(2/m3) - Diploidal
Space Group:
Pa3
Setting:
Pa3
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.646 Å
Unit Cell V:
293.55 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Sparse elongate grains to 3.5 cm

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0017680AurostibiteFuruseth S, Selte K, Kjekshus A (1967) On the solid solubility and structural properties of PdAs2-xSbx, PtP2-xAsx, PtP2-xSbx, PtP2-xBix, PtAs2-xSbx, PtAs2-xBix, PtSb2-xBix, Pdl-mPtmAs2, Pdl-mPtmSb2, Pdl-mAumSb2, and Ptl-mAumSb2 Acta Chemica Scandinavica 21 527-5361967synthetic0293
0017789AurostibiteFuruseth S, Selte K, Kjekshus A (1965) Redetermined crystal structures of PdAs2, PdSb2, PtP2, PtAs2, PtSb2, alpha-PtBi2, and AuSb2 Acta Chemica Scandinavica 19 735-7411965synthetic0293
0000055AurostibiteGraham A R, Kaiman S (1952) Aurostibite, AuSb2; A new mineral in the pyrite group American Mineralogist 37 461-4691952Giant Yellowknife mine, Northwest Territories, Canada0293
0017727AurostibiteOftedal I (1928) Uber die Kristallstrukturen der verbindungen RuS2, OsS2, MnTe2 und AuSb2. Mit einem Anhang uber die Gitterkonstant von Pyrit Zeitschrift fur Physikalische Chemie 135 291-29919280293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.32 Å(50)
2.97 Å(40)
2.71 Å(30)
2.34 Å(40)
1.999 Å(100)
0.865 Å(50)
0.783 Å(40)
Comments:
Giant Yellowknife mine, Canada.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47)
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])
Geological Setting:
In hydrothermal gold-quartz veins.

Type Occurrence of AurostibiteHide

Co-Type Localities:
ⓘ Giant Yellowknife Mine (Giant Mine), Yellowknife, North Slave Region, Northwest Territories, Canada
ⓘ Chesterville Mine, McGarry Township, Timiskaming District, Ontario, Canada
General Appearance of Type Material:
Rounded grains to about 350 microns.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Canadian Geological Survey, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, number 61458.
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, number M37248.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
ArsenopyriteDolomiteNative GoldQuartz
Reference:
Graham, A. R., Kaiman, S. (1952) Aurostibite, AuSb2; a new mineral in the pyrite group. American Mineralogist, 37 (5-6) 461-469

Other Language Names for AurostibiteHide

Relationship of Aurostibite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Pyrite Group
Other Members of Pyrite Group:
CattieriteCoS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
DzharkeniteFeSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
ErlichmaniteOsS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
FukuchiliteCu3FeS8Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
GaotaiiteIr3Te8Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
GeversitePtSb2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
HaueriteMnS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
InsizwaitePtBi2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
KruťaiteCuSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
LauriteRuS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
Penroseite(Ni,Co,Cu)Se2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
PyriteFeS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
SperrylitePtAs2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
TrogtaliteCoSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
VaesiteNiS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
Villamanínite(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2Tric.

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
25 photos of Aurostibite associated with Native GoldAu
23 photos of Aurostibite associated with StibniteSb2S3
9 photos of Aurostibite associated with QuartzSiO2
7 photos of Aurostibite associated with StibiconiteSb3+Sb5+2O6(OH)
2 photos of Aurostibite associated with JamesonitePb4FeSb6S14
2 photos of Aurostibite associated with ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
1 photo of Aurostibite associated with ChalcostibiteCuSbS2
1 photo of Aurostibite associated with ThunderbayiteTlAg3Au3Sb7S6
1 photo of Aurostibite associated with CuprostibiteCu2(Sb,Tl)
1 photo of Aurostibite associated with CalciteCaCO3

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.EB.SelenolauriteRuSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.AndrieslombaarditeRhSbSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.Iridarsenite(Ir,Ru)As2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.Kanatzidisite(SbBiS3)2Te2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.EB.05aVaesiteNiS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aHaueriteMnS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aLauriteRuS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aGaotaiiteIr3Te8Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aPenroseite(Ni,Co,Cu)Se2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aFukuchiliteCu3FeS8Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aVillamanínite(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2Tric.
2.EB.05aErlichmaniteOsS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aSperrylitePtAs2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aGeversitePtSb2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aCattieriteCoS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aTrogtaliteCoSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a v'Cayeuxite'
2.EB.05aKruťaiteCuSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aPyriteFeS2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aInsizwaitePtBi2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.05bBambollaiteCu(Se,Te)2Tet.
2.EB.05aDzharkeniteFeSe2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.10aMarcasiteFeS2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10eParacostibiteCoSbSOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10fOeniteCoSbAsOrth.
2.EB.10ePararammelsbergiteNiAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10aMattagamiteCoTe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aFrohbergiteFeTe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10dCostibiteCoSbSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
2.EB.10bAlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsSMon. 2 : P21
2.EB.10cGlaucodot(Co0.50Fe0.50)AsSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
2.EB.10aPetříčekiteCuSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aKulleruditeNiSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aFerroseliteFeSe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15bSeinäjokiteFeSb2Orth.
2.EB.15aRammelsbergiteNiAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aClinosaffloriteCoAs2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.EB.15cPaxiteCuAs2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.15aNisbiteNiSb2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aLöllingiteFeAs2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aSafflorite(Co,Ni,Fe)As2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aOmeiiteOsAs2Orth.
2.EB.15aAnduoiteRuAs2Orth.
2.EB.20ArsenopyriteFeAsSMon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.20Ruarsite(Ru,Os)AsSMon.
2.EB.20Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsSMon.
2.EB.20GudmunditeFeSbSMon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.25MayingiteIrBiTeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25MaslovitePtBiTeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25ParagersdorffiteNi(As,S)2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25OrthogersdorffiteNiAsSOrth. mm2 : Pca21
2.EB.25SulfopadmaitePdBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25JolliffeiteNiAsSeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25CobaltiteCoAsSOrth. mm2 : Pca21
2.EB.25GuixiangiteNiBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25TestibiopalladitePdSbTeIso.
2.EB.25 va'Antimony-bearing Gersdorffite'Ni(As,Sb)S
2.EB.25KalungaitePdAsSeIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsSIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25MicheneritePdBiTeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25GersdorffiteNiAsSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25MilotaitePdSbSeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25TolovkiteIrSbSIso.
2.EB.25'Platarsite'Pt(As,S)2Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.25WillyamiteCoSbS
2.EB.25ChangchengiteIrBiSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25KvačekiteNiSbSeIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25KrutoviteNiAs2Iso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25PadmaitePdBiSeIso. 432
2.EB.25UllmanniteNiSbSIso. 23 : P213
2.EB.25Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsSIso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
2.EB.30UrvantsevitePd(Bi,Pb)2Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
2.EB.35RheniiteReS2Tric. 1 : P1

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for AurostibiteHide

References for AurostibiteHide

Reference List:
Oftedal, Ivar (1928) Über die Kristallstrukturen der Verbindungen RuS2, OsS2, MnTe2 und AuSb2. Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, 135 (1). 291-299 doi:10.1515/zpch-1928-13519
Graham, A. R., Kaiman, S. (1952) Aurostibite, AuSb2; a new mineral in the pyrite group. American Mineralogist, 37 (5-6) 461-469
Coleman, L. C. (1953) Mineralogy of the Yellowknife Bay Area, N. W. T. American Mineralogist, 38 (5-6) 506-527
Pearson, W. B. (1964) Electrical resistivity, Hall coefficient, and thermoelectric power of AuSb2 and Cu2Sb. Canadian Journal of Physics, 42. 519-525 doi:10.1139/p64-047
Furuseth, Sigrid, Selte, Kari, Kjekshus, Arne, Nielsen, P. H., Sjöberg, Berndt, Larsen, Erik (1965) Redetermined Crystal Structures of PdAs2, PdSb2, PtP2, PtAs2, PtSb2, alpha-PtBi2, and AuSb2. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 19. 735-741 doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.19-0735
Furuseth, Sigrid; Selte, Kari; Kjekshus, Arne; Nilsson, Åke; Theorell, H.; Blinc, R.; Paušak, S.; Ehrenberg, L.; Dumanović, J. (1967) On the solid solubility and structural properties of PdAs2-xSbx, PtP2-xAsx, PtP2-xSbx, PtP2-xBix, PtAs2-xSbx, PtAs2-xBix, PtSb2-xBix, Pdl-mPtmAs2, Pdl-mPtmSb2, Pdl-mAumSb2, and Ptl-mAumSb2. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 21. 527-536 doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.21-0527
Ramdohr, Paul (1969) The Ore Minerals and their Intergrowths. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 1174pp. doi:10.1016/c2013-0-10027-x
Naz'mova, G.N., Spiridonov, E.M., Shalayev, Y.S. (1975) Aurostibite from the Bestyube deposit, northern Kazakhstan. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR: 222: 687–689 (in Russian).
Freund, G.A., Kirby, R.D., Sellmyer, D.J. (1977) Raman scattering from pyrite structure AuSb2. Solid State Communications: 22: 5-7.
Ashley, P. M., Cook, N. D. J., Hill, R. L. (1990) Occurrence and significance of aurostibnite in the Au-Sb ore from Hillgrove, New South Wales, Australia. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 1990. 539-551
Cook, N.J. (1992) Antimony-rich mineral parageneses and their association with Au minerals within massive sulfide deposits at Sulitjelma, Norway. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte, 1992 (3) 97-106
Jedwab, Jacques, Chuva, Jose Mendes, Poot, Eric (1992) Reflected-light microscope and SEM/EMP observations on the behaviour of aurostibite (AuSb2) during amalgamation. Mineralogical Magazine, 56 (385) 561-565 doi:10.1180/minmag.1992.056.385.11
Ondruš, P., Veselovský, F., Gabašová, A., Hloušek, J., Šrein, V., Vavřín, I., Skála, R., Sejkora, J., Drábek, M. (2003) Primary minerals of the Jáchymov ore district. Journal of the Czech Geological Society, 48 (3-4) 19-147
(2005) Aurostibite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Spiridonov, E. M., Krivitskaya, N. N., Bryzgalov, I. A., Kulikova, I. M., Gorodetskaya, M. D. (2010) Bismuth-rich aurostibite: A product of maldonite replacement in a volcanogenic-plutonogenic Darasun deposit (Eastern Transbaikalia) Doklady Earth Sciences, 435 (2) 1611-1613 doi:10.1134/s1028334x10120123

Localities for AurostibiteHide

Showing 112 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Armenia
 
  • Gegharkunik Province
    • Sotk
Rolf Luetcke
Atlantic Ocean
 
  • Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex
    • Semenov region
Firstova et al. (2019)
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Bathurst Co.
      • Lucknow
Downes et al. (2004)
    • Robinson Co.
      • Cobar
Paar et al. (2006)
    • Sandon Co.
Ashley et al. (1990)
  • Victoria
    • City of Greater Bendigo
      • Costerfield
Hawkins (1980)
    • Mount Alexander Shire
Cristiana Ciobanu & Bill Birch 2008 +1 other reference
    • Strathbogie Shire
Mineralogical Society of America - ...
  • Western Australia
    • East Pilbara Shire
      • Nullagine
Elliott et al. (1987)
    • Kalgoorlie-Boulder Shire
Eilu (2003)
    • Laverton Shire
      • Mount Weld Station
Sung (2008)
Bolivia
 
  • Potosí
    • Antonio Quijarro Province
      • Porco Municipality
Dill et al. (1995) +4 other references
Brazil
 
  • Minas Gerais
    • Mariana
      • Passagem de Mariana
Oberthür et al. (2008)
Bulgaria
 
  • Haskovo Province
    • Madzharovo Municipality
      • Madzharovo
Tarkian et al. (1989)
Canada
 
  • Manitoba
    • Snow Lake District
Duff (2016)
  • New Brunswick
    • York Co.
      • Clarence Stream area
Thorne +4 other references
  • Northwest Territories
    • North Slave Region
Coleman (1953)
Graham et al. (1952) +1 other reference
  • Nova Scotia
    • Hants Co.
      • West Gore
Kontak et al. (1996)
  • Ontario
    • Kenora District
      • Balmer Township
Rocks & Minerals 79:2 pp94-99
    • Thunder Bay District
      • Bomby Township
Harris et al. (1988) +2 other references
Sabina (1991)
Mineralogical Magazine 1988 52 : 691-697 +3 other references
Barrick Gold Corporation
    • Timiskaming District
      • McGarry Township
Graham et al. (1952)
  • Québec
    • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
      • La Vallée-de-l'Or RCM
        • Val d'Or
Agnico Eagle Mines Limited
          • Sigma-Lamaque property
China
 
  • Anhui
    • Tongling
      • Tongguanshan ore field
Wang et al. (2026)
  • Gansu
    • Gannan
      • Luqu Co.
Minghua Zheng et al. (1993)
  • Guangxi
    • Hechi
      • Jinchengjiang District
        • Beixiang - Furongchang ore field
Zhifen Li (1988) +1 other reference
  • Hunan
    • Huaihua
      • Yuanling Co.
Changjin Cai (1993) +2 other references
    • Yueyang
      • Pingjiang Co.
        • Huangjindong goldfield
          • Huangjindong As-Au deposit
Baoqin Yuan et al. (1989) +1 other reference
    • Zhuzhou
      • Liling Co.
        • Liling goldfield
Wang et al. (2024)
  • Xinjiang
    • Akesu Prefecture
      • Baicheng Co.
Ma et al. (2025)
    • Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
      • Tacheng Prefecture (Tarbaghatay Prefecture)
        • Tuoli Co. (Toli Co.)
          • Baogutu
An et al. (2022)
            • Kuogeshaye Mine
Bo Zheng et al. (2013) +1 other reference
Czech Republic
 
  • Central Bohemian Region
    • Příbram District
      • Dubenec
Sejkora et al. (2012)
      • Hvožďany
Paar et al. (2006)
Norman King +3 other references
[AmMin 84:197]
      • Milešov nad Vltavou
Dr. Günter Grundmann collection
Dr. Günter Grundmann collection
      • Příbram
        • Bytíz
Sejkora et al. (2022)
      • Psí hory gold mining district
        • Chotilsko
          • Mokrsko
Zachariáš et al. (2014)
  • Karlovy Vary Region
Ondruš et al. (2003)
DR Congo
 
  • South Kivu
    • Mwenga Territory
Mineralogical Society of America - ...
Ethiopia
 
  • Oromia Region
    • Megado
Cook et al. (2000)
Finland
 
  • Central Finland
    • Pihtipudas
      • Kanalanmäki area
        • Säkkärämäki
Novoselov et al. (2015)
  • North Karelia
    • Ilomantsi
Geological Survey of Finland 2008. Pampalo (Ward)
  • North Ostrobothnia
    • Haapavesi
Kojonen
Geological Survey of Finland 2007 ... +1 other reference
    • Kalajoki
Kontionoemi et al. (2006)
  • Pirkanmaa
    • Orivesi
Poutiainen et al. (1996)
    • Ylöjärvi
Luukkonen Ari 1994. Main geological ...
  • Satakunta
    • Huittinen
www.gsf.fi (2001) +1 other reference
Satu Vuori et al. (2005)
  • South Ostrobothnia
    • Seinäjoki
Geological Survey of Finland website
Aho +1 other reference
  • Southwest Finland
    • Somero
Eilu (2003)
France
 
  • Brittany
    • Ille-et-Vilaine
      • Fougères-Vitré
        • Martigné-Ferchaud
Pillard F. et al. (1985) +1 other reference
  • Nouvelle-Aquitaine
    • Creuse
      • Aubusson
        • Budelière
Econ Geol (1994)
        • Saint-Dizier-la-Tour
Y. Moëlo : "Compte-rendu de la ...
  • Pays de la Loire
    • Mayenne
      • Laval
        • Le Genest-Saint-Isle
Cheval-Garabédian et al. (2023)
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Emmendingen
        • Waldkirch
          • Suggental
Walenta (1992)
Ghana
 
  • Ashanti Region
    • Obuasi Municipal District
      • Obuasi Gold Project
Oberthür et al. (1997)
India
 
  • Rajasthan
    • Udaipur Division
      • Rajsamand District
Deb (1982)
Iran
 
  • Kurdistan Province
    • Qorveh County
      • Qorveh
Rafiei et al. (2010)
Italy
 
  • Sardinia
    • South Sardinia Province
      • Furtei
        • Furtei mine
Ruggieri et al. (1997)
Japan
 
  • Hokkaidō Prefecture
    • Rumoi Subprefecture
      • Tomamae District
        • Haboro
NISHIO–HAMANE et al. (2022)
Kazakhstan
 
  • Abai Region
    • Semey
Nordgold
  • Akmola Region
    • Stepnogorsk
      • Stepnyak group
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.) +1 other reference
  • Jambyl Region
    • Moiynkum District
Dill (1999)
Malaysia
 
  • Sarawak
    • Kuching Division
Percival et al. (1990)
Wolfram Dieter Schuh (1993)
Mali
 
  • Kayes Region
    • Kayes Cercle
      • Sadiola Commune
Masurel (2016) +1 other reference
  • Sikasso Region
    • Bougouni Cercle
Randgold Resources
Norway
 
  • Nordland
    • Fauske
      • Sulitjelma
Cook (1996)
Cook (1996)
Portugal
 
  • Beja
    • Beja
      • Nossa Senhora das Neves
Mateus et al. (2005)
    • Mértola
      • São Pedro de Solis e São Sebastião dos Carros
Mateus
Russia
 
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Plastovsky District
      • Plast
        • Kochkar' District
Vikent’eva et al. (2022)
  • Krasnoyarsk Krai
    • Enisei Range (Yenisei Ridge; Enisei Ridge)
Sazonov +10 other references
Genkin et al. (1998)
    • Severo-Yeniseysky District
Onufrienok et al. (2015)
  • Magadan Oblast
    • Omsukchansky District
      • Ducat ore field
Bryzgalov et al. (2007)
  • Murmansk Oblast
    • Voron'i Tundry
Kalinin +2 other references
  • Primorsky Krai
    • Dalnegorsk Urban District
Ratkin et al. (2021)
    • Dalnerechensky District
      • Dalnerechensk area
Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data 2021
      • Malinovsky cluster
Grebennikova et al. (2023)
Kazachenko et al. (1979)
  • Republic of Karelia
    • Kostomuksha City District
      • Kostomuksha Fe deposit
Kuleshevich et al. (2008)
  • Sakha
    • Indigirka River Basin
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
    • Verkhoyansk District
Genkin et al. (1998) +1 other reference
  • Zabaykalsky Krai
    • Tungokochensky District
      • Vershino-Darasunskiy
Bryzgalov et al. (2007) +2 other references
Bryzgalov et al. (2007)
Senegal
 
  • Tambacounda Region
Randgold Resources
Slovakia
 
  • Košice Region
    • Košice-okolie District
Pršek J (2009)
Pršek J. & Lauko Ľ. (Spišsko-gemerské rudohorie) +1 other reference
    • Rožňava District
      • Rochovce
Radková P. et al. (2019)
South Africa
 
  • Limpopo
    • Mopani District Municipality
      • Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality
        • Murchison Range
          • Gravelotte
            • Consolidated Murchison Mines
Cairncross et al. (1995) +1 other reference
Sudan
 
  • Northern State
Fuganti et al. (1991)
Sweden
 
  • Norrbotten County
    • Gällivare
Boliden Group
  • Västerbotten County
    • Skellefteå
      • Boliden
Econ Geol (1996) +1 other reference
Nysten (1986) +1 other reference
Tanzania
 
  • Kigoma Region
Wilhelmij et al. (2016)
UK
 
Tindle (2008)
USA
 
  • Alaska
    • Fairbanks North Star Borough
      • Fairbanks Mining District
Raymond (2018)
  • Washington
    • Chelan County
      • Wenatchee Mining District
Lasmanis (1995)
Uzbekistan
 
  • Samarqand
    • North Nuratau Mountains
      • Zarmitan
Bortnikov et al. (1996) +2 other references
Zimbabwe
 
  • Matabeleland South
    • Gwanda - Filabusi District
Mineralogical Society of America - ...
Mineralogical Society of America - ...
  • Midlands
    • Kwekwe District
Zeitschrift fuer angewandte Geologie 38 (1992)
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