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Staurolite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Photos of Staurolite (679)Recorded Ages and Analyses Discuss Staurolite View 'Best Of' Article

Staurolite Gallery Search Photos of Staurolite

Edit Staurolite Add Synonym Edit CIF structures Clear Cache

Staurolite

Fânzeres, Gondomar, Porto, Portugal

Staurolite

Pestsovye Keivy, Keivy Mountains, Lovozersky District, Murmansk Oblast, Russia

Staurolite, etc.

Cook Road Staurolite locality, Windham, Cumberland County, Maine, USA

Staurolite

Fânzeres, Gondomar, Porto, Portugal

Staurolite

Pestsovye Keivy, Keivy Mountains, Lovozersky District, Murmansk Oblast, Russia

Staurolite, etc.

Cook Road Staurolite locality, Windham, Cumberland County, Maine, USA

Staurolite

Fânzeres, Gondomar, Porto, Portugal

Staurolite

Pestsovye Keivy, Keivy Mountains, Lovozersky District, Murmansk Oblast, Russia

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About StauroliteHide

Formula:

Fe²⁺₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH)

May contain minor Li.

Colour:

Dark brown, brownish-black, red-brown

Lustre:

Sub-Vitreous, Resinous

Hardness:

7 - 7½

Specific Gravity:

3.74 - 3.83

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Member of:

Staurolite Group

Name:

From Greek "stavros", cross, alluding to the cruciform twins it displays in some cases.

Isostructural with:

Magnesiostaurolite, Zincostaurolite

Staurolite Group.

Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Staurolite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

3753

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:3753:8

Similar NamesHide

Starlite	A variety of Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Stralite	A synonym of Actinolite

IMA Classification of StauroliteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Classification of StauroliteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

9.AF.30

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
F : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in [4], [5] and/or only [6] coordination

Dana 8th ed.:

52.2.3.1

52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO₄ Groups and O,OH,F,H₂O
2 : Insular SiO₄ Groups and O, OH, F, and H₂O with cations in [4] and >[4] coordination

Hey's CIM Ref.:

16.19.5

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
19 : Aluminosilicates of Fe and Mg

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
St	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
St	Kretz (1983)	Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279.
St	Siivolam & Schmid (2007)	Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download
St	Whitney & Evans (2010)	Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
St	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019)	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of StauroliteHide

Lustre:

Sub-Vitreous, Resinous

Transparency:

Translucent

Colour:

Dark brown, brownish-black, red-brown

Streak:

White to grayish

Hardness:

7 - 7½ on Mohs scale

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

Distinct/Good
Distinct on {010}

Fracture:

Sub-Conchoidal

Density:

3.74 - 3.83 g/cm³ (Measured) 3.686 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of StauroliteHide

Type:

Biaxial (+)

RI values:

n_α = 1.736 - 1.747 n_β = 1.74 - 1.754 n_γ = 1.745 - 1.762

2V:

Measured: 88° , Calculated: 84° to 88°

Max. Birefringence:

δ = 0.009 - 0.015
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Thickness: 30 µm Order divisions

Rotation:

Surface Relief:

Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.

Focus:

In focus

Interference Figure:

This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure - the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are isogyres.

Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.

Thickness: 30 µm

Stage rotation: 0°

Dispersion:

r > v weak

Pleochroism:

Visible

Comments:

X= colourless
Y= pale yellow
Z= golden yellow

Chemistry of StauroliteHide

Mindat Formula:

Fe²⁺₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH)

May contain minor Li.

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
O	45.076 %
Al	28.506 %
Si	13.188 %
Fe	13.111 %
H	0.118 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Al, Fe, H, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Ti,Cr,Mn,Co,Zn,Li,H₂O

Structural Formula

4Al₂O[SiO₄]·Al(Fe²⁺)₂O₄H

The formula can be considered as alternating layers of kyanite and oxide.

Chemical AnalysisHide

Oxide wt%:

	1	2	3	4
P₂O₅	0.01 %
SiO₂	27.78 %	27.25 %	27.61 %	26.67 %
TiO₂	0.43 %	0.73 %
Al₂O₃	54.54 %	53.63 %	56.27 %	57.06 %
Ga₂O₃	0.03 %
FeO*	9.23 %	13.31 %
MnO	0.11 %	0.26 %		0.05 %
CoO	3.39 %
NiO	0.15 %	0.01 %
ZnO	0.09 %	0.22 %
MgO	2.93 %	2.06 %	2.18 %	4.38 %
H₂O (by stoichiometry)	1.29 %	1.33 %
V₂O₃		0.09 %
Cr₂O₃		1.13 %		0.04 %
FeO			12.63 %
FeOt				10.63 %
CaO				0.05 %
Total:	99.98 %	100.02 %	98.69 %	98.88 %

Empirical formulas:

Sample ID	Empirical Formula
1	4Al_2.00O[Si_0.97Al_0.03O₄]^.(Fe²⁺_1.08Al_0.84Mg_0.61Co²⁺_0.38Ti_0.05Ni²⁺_0.02Zn_0.01Mn²⁺_0.01)O₄H_1.20
2	4Al_2.00O[Si_0.96Al_0.04O₄]^.(Fe²⁺_1.56Al_0.70Mg_0.44Cr_0.13Ti_0.08Mn²⁺_0.03Zn_0.02V_0.01)O₄H_1.25
3	(Mg_0.45 Fe²⁺_1.47)_Σ2.02 Al_9.10 (Al_0.15Si_3.85)_Σ4.00Oi₂₃OH
4	(Fe²⁺_1.21 Mg_0.88)_Σ2.01 Al_8.72(Al_0.39Si_3.61)_Σ4.00Oi₂₃(OH)

Sample references:

ID	Locality	Reference	Notes
1	Lusakite occurrence, Rufunsa District, Lusaka Province, Zambia	Frank K. Mazdab collection; sample FKM-75; https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-51-to-fkm-75/#FKM-75 (sample donated by S. Vrána)	blue Co-bearing staurolite in high-grade "ferrolite" (staurolite-kyanite-quartz-magnetite gneiss), with kyanite, quartz, magnetite and scattered pleochroic violet/brown grains of a Co-dominant member of the högbomite family. Additional oxides (hematite+ilmenite; minor rutile) and minor sulfides (linnaeite, cobaltpentlandite) are present, as is sparse sillimanite and retrograde(?) margarite and clinochore. In the absence of independently-determined Fe3+/∑Fe or H2O, all measured Fe is assumed to be Fe2+, then with sufficient calculated H added to achieve charge balance; that the stoichiometry is good and the analytical total is near 100 wt% suggests the FeO* and H2O assumptions are likely reasonable.
2	Khizovara kyanite deposit, Khizovaar ore field, Loukhsky District, Republic of Karelia, Russia	Frank K. Mazdab collection; sample FKM-32a; https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-26-to-fkm-50/#FKM-32a	Cr-bearing staurolite in a kyanite-zone amphibolite-facies rock of bulk composition gradational between a metapelite and a metaquartzite , with abundant kyanite and almandine garnet, in a matrix of predominately quartz and some Cr-bearing muscovite ("fuchsite") and "oligoclase" (sodic plagioclase: Ab88), accompanied by minor biotite, oxides, and apatite. In the absence of independently-determined Fe3+/∑Fe or H2O, all measured Fe is assumed to be Fe2+, then with sufficient calculated H added to achieve charge balance; that the stoichiometry is good and the analytical total is near 100 wt% suggests the FeO* and H2O assumptions are likely reasonable.
3	Charakoma eclogite, Soufli, Evros, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece	Mposkos, E.; Baziotis, I.; Proyer, A. (2011) Pressure–temperature evolution of eclogites from the Kechros complex in the Eastern Rhodope (NE Greece). International Journal of Earth Sciences, 101 (4). 973-996 doi:10.1007/s00531-011-0699-2	EMPA analysis of staurolite identified in a single composite grain inclusion in a garnet from a kyanite-eclogite.
4	Obidim eclogite, Bansko Municipality, Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria	Janák, M.; Froitzheim, N.; Georgiev, N.; Nagel, T. J.; Sarov, S. (2011) P-T evolution of kyanite eclogite from the Pirin Mountains (SW Bulgaria): implications for the Rhodope UHP Metamorphic Complex. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 29 (3). 317-332 doi:10.1111/j.1525-1314.2010.00920.x	EMPA analysis ( State Geological Institute of Dionyz Stur in Bratislava).of a staurolite from a fracture in a garnet from a kyanite-eclogite.

Crystallography of StauroliteHide

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Class (H-M):

2/m - Prismatic

Space Group:

B2/m

Setting:

C2/m

Cell Parameters:

a = 7.86 Å, b = 16.6 Å, c = 5.65 Å
β = 90.45°

Ratio:

a:b:c = 0.473 : 1 : 0.34

Unit Cell V:

737.17 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Prismatic crystals

Twinning:

Commonly 60-degree twins on {231}, may be cyclic. Less commonly 90-degree cruciform twins on {031}. On (320) (very rare).

Comment:

Pseudo-orthorhombic

Crystallographic forms of StauroliteHide

Crystal Atlas:

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Click on an icon to view

Staurolite no.12 - {110} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

Staurolite no.30 - {031} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

Staurolite no.35 - {031} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0005339	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: BARR888 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Barrhorn, Switzerland	0	293
0005338	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: 85DM66b The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Dora Maira, Italy	0	293
0005337	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: MAR/21 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Ticino River, Italy	0	293
0005336	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: MAR/8 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Ticino River, Italy	0	293
0005335	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: MAR/6-1 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Ticino River, Italy	0	293
0005334	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: MAR/2 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Ticino River, Italy	0	293
0005333	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: MAR/5g The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Ticino River, Italy	0	293
0005332	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: MAR/16 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Ticino River, Italy	0	293
0005331	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: MAR/15 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Ticino River, Italy	0	293
0005330	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: MAR/1 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Ticino River, Italy	0	293
0005329	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: MAR/FP15 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Derivo, Italy	0	293
0005328	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: DER/10-4 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Derivo, Italy	0	293
0005327	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: DER/1 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Derivo, Italy	0	293
0005326	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: DER/2 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Derivo, Italy	0	293
0005325	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: DER/10-2 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Derivo, Italy	0	293
0005324	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: DW7/8II The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Antarctica	0	293
0005323	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: DW7/4 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Antarctica	0	293
0005322	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: PIO/13 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Brazil	0	293
0005321	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: PIO/11 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Brazil	0	293
0005320	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: MUS/3 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Pizzo Forno, Switzerland	0	293
0005319	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: HP1/2 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Pizzo Forno, Switzerland	0	293
0005318	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: MUS-AR/3 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Pizzo Forno, Switzerland	0	293
0005317	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: MUS/6-1 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Pizzo Forno, Switzerland	0	293
0005315	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: WARD/7 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Fiordland, New Zealand	0	293
0005314	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: 6-3/1 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	East Winthrop, Maine, USA	0	293
0005313	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: 117189/1 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Stratford, North Carolina, USA	0	293
0005312	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: 117189/21 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Stratford, North Carolina, USA	0	293
0005311	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: 117189/7 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Stratford, North Carolina, USA	0	293
0005310	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: 117189/6 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Stratford, North Carolina, USA	0	293
0005309	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: 106038/3 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Franklin, North Carolina, USA	0	293
0005308	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: 106038/1 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Franklin, North Carolina, USA	0	293
0005307	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: 3-3/2 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	West Sidney, Maine, USA	0	293
0005306	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: 3-3/1 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	West Sidney, Maine, USA	0	293
0005305	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: EH-6/2 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Emery Hill, New York, USA	0	293
0005304	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: EH-6/4 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Emery Hill, New York, USA	0	293
0005303	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: EH-6/6 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Emery Hill, New York, USA	0	293
0005302	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: 71-62R/5 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Black Mountains, New Hampshire, USA	0	293
0005301	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: 71-62R/6 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Black Mountains, New Hampshire, USA	0	293
0005300	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: 71-62R/1 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993	Black Mountains, New Hampshire, USA	0	293
0002884	Staurolite	Comodi P, Montagnoli M, Zanazzi P F, Ballaran T B (2002) Isothermal compression of staurolite: A single-crystal study American Mineralogist 87 1164-1171	2002		0	293
0006728	Staurolite	Koch-Muller M, Kahlenberg V, Bubenick W, Gottschalk M (1998) Crystal-structure refinement of synthetic Fe- and Mg-staurolite by Rietveld analysis of X-ray powder-diffraction data Koch-Muller tells me that the coordinates are correct, and the reported bond lengths were incorrect. European Journal of Mineralogy 10 453-460	1998		0	293
0006727	Staurolite	Koch-Muller M, Kahlenberg V, Bubenick W, Gottschalk M (1998) Crystal-structure refinement of synthetic Fe- and Mg-staurolite by Rietveld analysis of X-ray powder-diffraction data European Journal of Mineralogy 10 453-460	1998		0	293
0006726	Staurolite	Koch-Muller M, Kahlenberg V, Bubenick W, Gottschalk M (1998) Crystal-structure refinement of synthetic Fe- and Mg-staurolite by Rietveld analysis of X-ray powder-diffraction data European Journal of Mineralogy 10 453-460	1998		0	293
0005514	Staurolite	Oberti R, Hawthorne F C, Zanetti A, Ottolini L (1996) Crystal-structure refinement of a highly ordered staurolite The Canadian Mineralogist 34 1051-1057	1996		0	293
0005380	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Caucia F, Callegari A (1994) Crystal-structure refinement of hydrogen-rich staurolite The Canadian Mineralogist 32 491-495	1994		0	293
0005379	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Caucia F, Callegari A (1994) Crystal-structure refinement of hydrogen-rich staurolite The Canadian Mineralogist 32 491-495	1994		0	293
0005378	Staurolite	Caucia F, Callegari A, Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Hawthorne F C (1994) Structural aspects of oxidation-dehydrogenation in staurolite The Canadian Mineralogist 32 477-489	1994		0	293
0005377	Staurolite	Caucia F, Callegari A, Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Hawthorne F C (1994) Structural aspects of oxidation-dehydrogenation in staurolite The Canadian Mineralogist 32 477-489	1994		0	293
0005376	Staurolite	Caucia F, Callegari A, Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Hawthorne F C (1994) Structural aspects of oxidation-dehydrogenation in staurolite The Canadian Mineralogist 32 477-489	1994		0	293
0005375	Staurolite	Caucia F, Callegari A, Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Hawthorne F C (1994) Structural aspects of oxidation-dehydrogenation in staurolite The Canadian Mineralogist 32 477-489	1994		0	293
0005374	Staurolite	Caucia F, Callegari A, Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Hawthorne F C (1994) Structural aspects of oxidation-dehydrogenation in staurolite The Canadian Mineralogist 32 477-489	1994		0	293
0005373	Staurolite	Caucia F, Callegari A, Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Hawthorne F C (1994) Structural aspects of oxidation-dehydrogenation in staurolite The Canadian Mineralogist 32 477-489	1994		0	293
0005372	Staurolite	Caucia F, Callegari A, Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Hawthorne F C (1994) Structural aspects of oxidation-dehydrogenation in staurolite The Canadian Mineralogist 32 477-489	1994		0	293
0005371	Staurolite	Caucia F, Callegari A, Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Hawthorne F C (1994) Structural aspects of oxidation-dehydrogenation in staurolite The Canadian Mineralogist 32 477-489	1994		0	293
0005316	Staurolite	Hawthorne F C, Ungaretti L, Oberti R, Caucia F, Callegari A (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations Sample Code: MOT/2 The Canadian Mineralogist 31 551-582	1993		0	293
0001246	Staurolite	Alexander V D (1989) Iron distribution in staurolite at room and low temperatures sample at low temperature (liquid N2) American Mineralogist 74 610-619	1989		0	293
0001245	Staurolite	Alexander V D (1989) Iron distribution in staurolite at room and low temperatures sample at room temperature American Mineralogist 74 610-619	1989		0	293
0001058	Staurolite	Bringhurst K N, Griffen D T (1986) Staurolite-lusakite series. II. Crystal structure and optical properties of a cobaltoan staurolite American Mineralogist 71 1466-1472	1986		0	293
0010731	Staurolite	Takeuchi Y, Aikawa N, Yamamoto T (1972) The hydrogen locations and chemical composition of staurolite and adds the hydrogen locations to it Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 136 1-22	1972		0	293
0000181	Staurolite	Smith J V (1968) The crystal structure of staurolite American Mineralogist 53 1139-1155	1968		0	293
0002885	Staurolite	Comodi P, Montagnoli M, Zanazzi P F, Ballaran T B (2002) Isothermal compression of staurolite: A single-crystal study American Mineralogist 87 1164-1171	2002		2.48	293
0002886	Staurolite	Comodi P, Montagnoli M, Zanazzi P F, Ballaran T B (2002) Isothermal compression of staurolite: A single-crystal study American Mineralogist 87 1164-1171	2002		4.15	293
0002887	Staurolite	Comodi P, Montagnoli M, Zanazzi P F, Ballaran T B (2002) Isothermal compression of staurolite: A single-crystal study American Mineralogist 87 1164-1171	2002		5.43	293
0002888	Staurolite	Comodi P, Montagnoli M, Zanazzi P F, Ballaran T B (2002) Isothermal compression of staurolite: A single-crystal study American Mineralogist 87 1164-1171	2002		6.84	293
0002889	Staurolite	Comodi P, Montagnoli M, Zanazzi P F, Ballaran T B (2002) Isothermal compression of staurolite: A single-crystal study American Mineralogist 87 1164-1171	2002		8.74	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Staurolite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Hawthorne F C'
'Ungaretti L'
'Oberti R'
'Caucia F'
'Callegari A'
_journal_name_full 'The Canadian Mineralogist'
_journal_volume 31 
_journal_year 1993
_journal_page_first 551
_journal_page_last 582
_publ_section_title
;
 The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations
 Sample Code: BARR888
;
_database_code_amcsd 0005339
_chemical_compound_source 'Barrhorn, Switzerland'
_chemical_formula_sum 'O12 Si1.992 Al4.474 Mg.047 Zn.613 Li.128 Fe.088'
_cell_length_a 7.8533
_cell_length_b 16.5344
_cell_length_c 5.6387
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90.000
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 732.183
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      3.771
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'C 1 2/m 1'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,z'
  'x,-y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,z'
  '-x,y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
O1   0.23392   0.00000   0.96709   1.00000 ?
O2   0.23431   0.00000   0.53205   1.00000 ?
O3   0.25505   0.16164   0.01549   1.00000 ?
O4   0.25514   0.16167   0.48460   1.00000 ?
O5   0.00178   0.08902   0.24928   1.00000 ?
O6   0.02145   0.24994   0.25009   1.00000 ?
O7   0.52691   0.09880   0.25027   1.00000 ?
Si1   0.13403   0.16646   0.24996   0.99600 ?
Al1   0.13403   0.16646   0.24996   0.00400 ?
Mg1   0.38912   0.00000   0.24954   0.04700 ?
Zn1   0.38912   0.00000   0.24954   0.61300 ?
Li1   0.38912   0.00000   0.24954   0.12800 ?
Al2   0.38912   0.00000   0.24954   0.04300 ?
Al3   0.50000   0.17363   0.00000   0.99400 ?
Fe3   0.50000   0.17363   0.00000   0.00600 ?
Al4   0.50000   0.17368   0.50000   0.99400 ?
Fe4   0.50000   0.17368   0.50000   0.00600 ?
Al5   0.26330   0.41038   0.25012   0.98600 ?
Fe5   0.26330   0.41038   0.25012   0.01400 ?
Al6   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000   0.46300 ?
Al7   0.00000   0.00000   0.50000   0.46300 ?
Fe8   0.50000   0.00000   0.00000   0.04800   0.01407
Fe9   0.50000   0.00000   0.50000   0.04800   0.01286
loop_
_atom_site_aniso_label
_atom_site_aniso_U_11
_atom_site_aniso_U_22
_atom_site_aniso_U_33
_atom_site_aniso_U_12
_atom_site_aniso_U_13
_atom_site_aniso_U_23
O1 0.00937 0.00692 0.01192 0.00000 0.00337 0.00000
O2 0.00937 0.00692 0.01144 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
O3 0.00656 0.00831 0.00741 -0.00132 0.00135 0.00000
O4 0.00687 0.00831 0.00821 0.00066 0.00090 0.00000
O5 0.00531 0.00831 0.01562 0.00000 0.00112 -0.00094
O6 0.00562 0.00692 0.00789 0.00000 0.00135 0.00094
O7 0.00531 0.00831 0.00805 0.00000 0.00157 0.00000
Si1 0.00469 0.00692 0.00709 0.00000 0.00090 0.00000
Al1 0.00469 0.00692 0.00709 0.00000 0.00090 0.00000
Mg1 0.01031 0.00692 0.02191 0.00000 0.00090 0.00000
Zn1 0.01031 0.00692 0.02191 0.00000 0.00090 0.00000
Li1 0.01031 0.00692 0.02191 0.00000 0.00090 0.00000
Al2 0.01031 0.00692 0.02191 0.00000 0.00090 0.00000
Al3 0.00312 0.00554 0.00419 0.00000 0.00090 0.00000
Fe3 0.00312 0.00554 0.00419 0.00000 0.00090 0.00000
Al4 0.00375 0.00692 0.00532 0.00000 0.00090 0.00000
Fe4 0.00375 0.00692 0.00532 0.00000 0.00090 0.00000
Al5 0.00562 0.00554 0.00677 0.00000 0.00112 0.00000
Fe5 0.00562 0.00554 0.00677 0.00000 0.00112 0.00000
Al6 0.00312 0.00692 0.00789 0.00000 0.00292 0.00000
Al7 0.00250 0.00554 0.00532 0.00000 -0.00022 0.00000

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Loading XRD data...

2θ (degrees) d-spacing (Å)

Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
3.012 Å	(100)
2.693 Å	(100)
2.372 Å	(80)
3.559 Å	(60)
2.400 Å	(60)
1.515 Å	(60)
1.511 Å	(60)

Comments:

Pizzo Forno, Switzerland. ICDD 15-397.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
26 : Hadean detrital minerals
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics	<3.5-2.5
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies)

Geological Setting:

Amphibolite grade of regionally metamorphosed pelitic rocks.

Synonyms of StauroliteHide

Croisette

Fairy Stone

Grenatite (in part)

Other Language Names for StauroliteHide

Croatian:Staurolit

Dutch:Stauroliet

Finnish:Stauroliitti

French:Staurotide

German:Staurolith
Baseler Taufstein
Granatit (in part)

Hebrew:סטאורוליט

Hungarian:Staurolit

Italian:Staurolite

Japanese:十字石

Lithuanian:Staurolitas

Polish:Staurolit

Portuguese:Estaurolite

Russian:Ставролит

Simplified Chinese:十字石

Spanish:Estaurolita
Staurolita

Varieties of StauroliteHide

Lusakite	A cobalt-bearing variety of staurolite. Originally reported from Lusakite occurrence, Lusaka, Lusaka Province, Zambia.
Zinc-bearing Staurolite	A zinc-bearing variety of staurolite.

Relationship of Staurolite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Staurolite Group

Other Members of Staurolite Group:

Magnesiostaurolite	Mg(Mg,Li)₃(Al,Mg)₁₈Si₈O₄₄(OH)₄	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
Zincostaurolite	Zn₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH)	Mon. 2/m : B2/m

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:

164 photos of Staurolite associated with Almandine	Fe²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
111 photos of Staurolite associated with Kyanite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
68 photos of Staurolite associated with Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
26 photos of Staurolite associated with Paragonite	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
22 photos of Staurolite associated with Chloritoid	Fe²⁺Al₂O(SiO₄)(OH)₂
21 photos of Staurolite associated with Quartz	SiO₂
20 photos of Staurolite associated with Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
19 photos of Staurolite associated with Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
11 photos of Staurolite associated with Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
8 photos of Staurolite associated with Chlorite Group

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

9.AF.	Chegemite	Ca₇(SiO₄)₃(OH)₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.AF.	Jingwenite-(Y)	YAlV⁴⁺(SiO₄)O₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m
9.AF.	Barwoodite	Mn²⁺₆Nb⁵⁺(SiO₄)₂O₃(OH)₃	Trig. 3 : P3
9.AF.05	Sillimanite	Al₂(SiO₄)O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.AF.05	'Xenolite'	Al₁₀Si₈O₃₁
9.AF.10	Kanonaite	Mn³⁺Al(SiO₄)O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
9.AF.10	Andalusite	Al₂(SiO₄)O	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
9.AF.15	Kyanite	Al₂(SiO₄)O	Tric. 1 : P1
9.AF.20	Krieselite	Al₂(GeO₄)F₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
9.AF.20	Mullite	Al_4+2xSi_2-2xO_10-x	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbam
9.AF.23	Boromullite	Al₉BSi₂O₁₉	Orth. mm2 : Cmc2₁
9.AF.25	Yoderite	Mg(Al,Fe³⁺)₃(SiO₄)₂O(OH)	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
9.AF.30	Zincostaurolite	Zn₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH)	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.AF.30	Magnesiostaurolite	Mg(Mg,Li)₃(Al,Mg)₁₈Si₈O₄₄(OH)₄	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.AF.35	Topaz	Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.AF.40	Norbergite	Mg₃(SiO₄)F₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.AF.45	Chondrodite	Mg₅(SiO₄)₂F₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.AF.45	Kumtyubeite	Ca₅(SiO₄)₂F₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.AF.45	Reinhardbraunsite	Ca₅(SiO₄)₂(OH,F)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.AF.45	Hydroxylchondrodite	Mg₅(SiO₄)₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.AF.45	Alleghanyite	Mn²⁺₅(SiO₄)₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.AF.50	'Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Humite)'	Ca₇(SiO₄)₄F₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.AF.50	Humite	Mg₇(SiO₄)₃F₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
9.AF.50	Manganhumite	Mn²⁺₇(SiO₄)₃(OH)₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.AF.50	'Unnamed (OH-analogue of humite)'	Mg₇(SiO₄)₃(OH)₂	Orth.
9.AF.50	Fluorchegemite	Ca₇(SiO₄)₃F₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.AF.55	Hydroxylclinohumite	Mg₉(SiO₄)₄(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.AF.55	Clinohumite	Mg₉(SiO₄)₄F₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.AF.55	Sonolite	Mn²⁺₉(SiO₄)₄(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.AF.60	Leucophoenicite	Mn²⁺₇(SiO₄)₃(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.AF.65	Ribbeite	Mn²⁺₅(SiO₄)₂(OH)₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.AF.70	Jerrygibbsite	Mn²⁺₉(SiO₄)₄(OH)₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbcn
9.AF.75	Franciscanite	Mn²⁺₆(V⁵⁺,◻)₂(SiO₄)₂(O,OH)₆	Trig. 3 : P3
9.AF.75	Scorticoite	Mn₆(Sb,◻)_Σ2(SiO₄)₂O₃(OH)₃	Trig. 3 : P3
9.AF.75	Welinite	Mn²⁺₆(W⁶⁺,Mg)₂(SiO₄)₂(O,OH)₆	Trig. 3 : P3
9.AF.75	Örebroite	Mn²⁺₃(Sb⁵⁺,Fe³⁺)(SiO₄)(O,OH)₃	Trig. 3 : P3
9.AF.80	Ellenbergerite	Mg₆(Mg,Ti,Zr,◻)₂(Al,Mg)₆Si₈O₂₈(OH)₁₀	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.AF.85	Magnesiochloritoid	MgAl₂O(SiO₄)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.AF.85	Ottrélite	Mn²⁺Al₂O(SiO₄)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.AF.85	Chloritoid	Fe²⁺Al₂O(SiO₄)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.AF.90	Olmiite	CaMn²⁺[SiO₃(OH)](OH)	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
9.AF.90	Poldervaartite	CaCa[SiO₃(OH)](OH)	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
9.AF.95	Pilawite-(Y)	Ca₂Y₂Al₄(SiO₄)₄O₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Staurolite in petrologyHide

An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.

Metamorphic rock
- Schist
  - Mica schist
    - Staurolite-mica schist

Internet Links for StauroliteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-3753.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

Search Engines:

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Look for Staurolite in the Rock H. Currier Digital Library

External Links:

Look for Staurolite on Webmineral

Look for Staurolite on Wikipedia

Look for Staurolite on Mineralien Atlas

Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

Mineral Dealers:

Buy from D. Joyce minerals

References for StauroliteHide

Reference List:

Haüy, R.J. (1797) Staurotide. J. Mines: 5: 545.

Klaproth, M. H. (1810) CLXXXII. Untersuchung des Stauroliths. In Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper Vol. 5. Rottmann. p.80-85.

Dana, E.S. (1876) On new twins of staurolite and pyrrhotite. American Journal of Science, Series 3: 11: 384-387.

Friedel, G. (1904) Étude sur les groupements cristallins. Extrait du Bulletin de la Société de l'Industrie minérale, Quatrième série, Tomes III et IV. Saint-Étienne, Société de l’Imprimerie Théolier J. Thomas et C..

Náray-Szabó, St. (1929) VII. The structure of staurolite. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 71 (1). 103-116 doi:10.1524/zkri.1929.71.1.103

Hurst, Vernon J., Donnay, J. D. H., Donnay, Gabrielle (1956) Staurolite twinning. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 31 (233). 145-163 doi:10.1180/minmag.1956.031.233.04

Juurinen, A. (1956) Composition and properties of staurolite. Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, (A) III Geol: 47: 1–53.

Náray-Szabó, I., Sasvári, K. (1958) On the structure of staurolite, HFe2Al9Si4O24. Acta Crystallographica, 11 (12) 862-865 doi:10.1107/s0365110x58002449

Hoschek, Gert, Winkler, Helmut G. F. (1965) Bildung von Staurolith und Chloritoid bei der experimentellen Metamorphose. Die Naturwissenschaften, 52 (21). 589 doi:10.1007/bf00631356

Hoschek, G. (1967) Untersuchungen zum Stabilitätsbereich von Chloritoid und Staurolith. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 14 (2). p.123-162. doi:10.1007/bf00377530

Smith, J. V. (1968) The crystal structure of staurolite. American Mineralogist, 53 (7-8) 1139-1155

RICHARDSON, S. W. (1968) Staurolite Stability in a Part of the System Fe-Al-Si-O-H. Journal of Petrology, 9 (3) 467-488 doi:10.1093/petrology/9.3.467

Smith, J. V. (1969) The crystal structure of staurolite: Errata. American Mineralogist, 54 (3-4) 571

Hoschek, G. (1969) The stability of staurolite and chloritoid and their significance in metamorphism of pelitic rocks. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 22 (3) 208-232 doi:10.1007/bf00387954

Hollister, Lincoln S. (1970) Origin, mechanism, and consequences of compositional sector-zoning in staurolite. American Mineralogist, 55 (5-6) 742-766

Fox, J. S. (1971) Coexisting chloritoid and staurolite and the staurolite–chlorite isograd from the Agnew Lake area, Ontario, Canada. Geological Magazine, 108 (3) 205-219 doi:10.1017/s0016756800051554

GANGULY, J. (1972) Staurolite Stability and Related Parageneses: Theory, Experiments, and Applications. Journal of Petrology, 13 (2) 335-365 doi:10.1093/petrology/13.2.335

Schrijver, K., Maclean, W. H. (1972) Coexisting chloritoid and staurolite. Geological Magazine, 109 (4) 369-370 doi:10.1017/s001675680003778x

Hellman, Phillip L., Green, Trevor H. (1979) The high pressure experimental crystallization of staurolite in hydrous mafic compositions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 68 (4) 369-372 doi:10.1007/bf01164521

Griffen, Dana T. (1981) Synthetic Fe/Zn staurolites and the ionic radius of IVZn2+. American Mineralogist, 66 (9-10) 932-937

Griffen, D.T., Gosney, T.C., Revell, P.W. (1982) The chemical formula of natural staurolite. American Mineralogist: 67: 292-297.

Pigage, L. C., Greenwood, H. J. (1982) Internally consistent estimates of pressure and temperature; the staurolite problem. American Journal of Science, 282 (7) 943-969 doi:10.2475/ajs.282.7.943

Donnay, J. D. H., Donnay, Gabrielle (1983) The staurolite story. TMPM Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 31 (1). 1-15 doi:10.1007/bf01084757

Foster, C. T. (1983) Thermodynamic models of biotite pseudomorphs after staurolite. American Mineralogist, 68 (3-4) 389-397

Grambling, Jeffrey A. (1983) Reversals in Fe-Mg partitioning between chloritoid and staurolite. American Mineralogist, 68 (3-4) 373-388

Hemingway, Bruce S., Robie, Richard A. (1984) Heat capacity and thermodynamic functions for gehlenite and staurolite: with comments on the Schottky anomaly in the heat capacity of staurolite. American Mineralogist, 69 (3-4) 307-318

Ward, C. M. (1984) Titanium and the color of staurolite. American Mineralogist, 69 (5-6) 541-545

Ward, C. M. (1984) Magnesium staurolite and green chromian staurolite from Fiordland. New Zealand. American Mineralogist, 69 (5-6) 531-540

DELOR, C. P., BURG, J. P., LEYRELOUP, A. F. (1984) Staurolite producing reactions and geothermobarometry of a high pressure thermal aureole in the French Massif Central. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 2 (1) 55-72 doi:10.1111/j.1525-1314.1984.tb00285.x

Dutrow, Barbara L., Holdaway, M. J., Hinton, R. W. (1986) Lithium in staurolite and its petrologic significance. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 94 (4) 496-506 doi:10.1007/bf00376341

Holdaway, M. J., Dutrow, B. L., Hinton, R. W. (1988) Devonian and Carboniferous metamorphism in west-central Maine: The muscovite-almandine geobarometer and the staurolite problem revisited. American Mineralogist, 73 (1-2) 20-47

Alexander, Velinda D. (1989) Iron distribution in staurolite at room and low temperatures. American Mineralogist, 74 (5-6) 610-619

DUTROW, B. L., HOLDAWAY, M. J. (1989) Experimental Determination of the Upper Thermal Stability of Fe-Staurolite+Quartz at Medium Pressures. Journal of Petrology, 30 (1) 229-248 doi:10.1093/petrology/30.1.229

Ståhl, K., Legros, J.-P. (1990) On the crystal structure of staurolite. The X-ray crystal structure of staurolite from the Pyrenees and Brittany. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, 46 (3) 292-301 doi:10.1107/s0108768189013893

Holdaway, M. J., Dyar, B. Mukhopadhyay. M. D., Dutrow, B. L., Iii, Douglas Rumble, Grambling, J. A. (1991) A new perspective on staurolite crystal chemistry: Use of stoichiometric and chemical end-members for a mole fraction model. American Mineralogist, 76 (11-12) 1910-1919

Moeen, S. (1991) Staurolite from a metabasite and its paragenesis. Mineralogical Magazine, 55 (378) 140-142 doi:10.1180/minmag.1991.055.378.14

GIARAMITA, M. J., DAY, H. W. (1991) The Four-Phase AFM Assemblage Staurolite--Aluminum Silicate--Biotite--Garnet: Extra Components and Implications for Staurolite--Out Isograds. Journal of Petrology, 32 (6) 1203-1229 doi:10.1093/petrology/32.6.1203

Ibarguchi, Jose I. Gil, Mendia, Miren, Girardeau, Jacques (1991) Mg- and Cr-rich staurolite and Cr-rich kyanite in high-pressure ultrabasic rocks (Cabo Ortegal, northwestern Spain) American Mineralogist, 76 (3-4) 501-511

Hawthorne, F.C., Ungaretti, L., Oberti, R., Caucia, F., Callegari, A. (1993) The crystal chemistry of staurolite. I. Crystal structure and site populations. The Canadian Mineralogist: 31: 551-582.

Hawthorne, F.C., Ungaretti, L., Oberti, R., Caucia, F., Callegari, A. (1993) The crystal-chemistry of staurolite II. Order-disorder and the monoclinic → orthorhombic phase transition. Canadian Mineralogist: 31: 583-595.

Koch-Müller, Monika, Langer, Klaus, Beran, Anton (1995) Polarized single-crystal FTIR-spectra of natural staurolite. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 22 (2). 108-114 doi:10.1007/bf00202470

Oberti, R., Hawthorne, F.C., Zanetti, A., Ottolini, L., Soto, J.I. (1996) Crystal-structure refinement of a highly ordered staurolite. The Canadian Mineralogist: 34(5): 1051–1057.

Henderson, C. M. B., Charnock, J. M., Cressey, G., Griffen, D. T. (1997) An EXAFS study of the local structural environments of Fe, Co, Zn and Mg in natural and synthetic staurolites. Mineralogical Magazine, 61 (408) 613-625 doi:10.1180/minmag.1997.061.408.01

(2001) Staurolite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Nespolo, Massimo, Ferraris, Giovanni (2007) Overlooked problems in manifold twins: twin misfit in zero-obliquity TLQS twinning and twin index calculation. Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, 63 (3). 278-286 doi:10.1107/s0108767307012135

Nespolo, M.; Ferraris, G. (2007) Hybrid twinning in staurolite. Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, 63 (a1). s267-s268 doi:10.1107/s0108767307093919

Marzouki, Mohamed Amine, Souvignier, Bernd, Nespolo, Massimo (2014) The staurolite enigma solved. Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances, 70 (4). 348-353 doi:10.1107/s2053273314007335

Konzett, Jürgen, Hauzenberger, Christoph, Ludwig, Thomas, Stalder, Roland (2018) Anatectic Granitic Pegmatites from the Eastern Alps: A Case of Variable Rare Metal Enrichment During High-Grade Regional Metamorphism. II: Pegmatite Staurolite As an Indicator of Anatectic Pegmatite Parent Melt Formation – A Field and Experimental Study. The Canadian Mineralogist, 56 (4) 603-624 doi:10.3749/canmin.1800011

Nespolo, Massimo, Moëlo, Yves (2019) Structural interpretation of a new twin in staurolite from Coray, Brittany, France. European Journal of Mineralogy, 31 (4) 785-790 doi:10.1127/ejm/2019/0031-2849

Borisova, E. B., Baltybaev, Sh. K. (2021) Petrochemical Criteria of Staurolite Stability in Metapelites at Medium-Temperature Low- and Medium-Pressure Metamorphism. Petrology, 29 (4) 336-350 doi:10.1134/s0869591121040020

Borisova, E. B.; Baltybaev, Sh. K.; Connolly, J. A. D. (2022) Staurolite in Metabasites: P–T–X Parameters and the Ratios of Major Components as Criteria of Staurolite Stability. Petrology, 30 (S1). S53-S71 doi:10.1134/s0869591123010034

Борисова, Е. Б. (2024) Ставролит: Р-Т-X условия и закономерности образования (на примере Северного Приладожья и других регионов мира) [link Staurolite: P-T-X conditions and patterns of formation (using the example of Northern Priladozhye and other regions of the world)]. Санкт-Петербургский Государственный Университет.

Localities for StauroliteHide

Showing 1,273 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Afghanistan
Logar Mohammad Agha District ⓘ Aynak Cu deposit	Waizy et al. (2021)
ⓘ Aynak Central prospect	Waizy et al. (2026)
ⓘ Aynak West prospect	Waizy et al. (2026)
Nuristan Kamdesh District ⓘ Landai-Sin Valley	Orris et al. (2002)
ⓘ Pachigram pegmatite field	Orris et al. (2002)
Parun pegmatite field Pashki pegmatites ⓘ Vein No. 3	Skublov et al. (2024)
ⓘ Panjshir	DeWitt et al. (2020)

Albania
Fier County ⓘ Seman Beach	...

Andorra
Canillo ⓘ Coma de Ransol	L Puech Litostratigrafia del ...

Antarctica
East Antarctica Enderby Land Napier Complex ⓘ Casey Bay	Grew (1981) +1 other reference
Queen Maud Land ⓘ Prince Olav Coast	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
ⓘ Steingarden area	Schlüter et al. (2011)

Argentina
Córdoba Province Sierra de Córdoba ⓘ El Pilón complex	Rapela et al. (2002)
ⓘ Tamain quarries	Rapela et al. (2002)
La Rioja Province Vinchina Department Jagüé ⓘ Chus-Chus deposit	Bordese et al. (2016)
Tucumán Province ⓘ Tafí del Valle Department	Raúl Tauber Larry
Tafí del Valle ⓘ Loma Pelada	Raúl Jorge Tauber Larry

Australia
New South Wales Georgiana County Burraga ⓘ Lucky Draw Mine	Sheppard et al. (1995)
Yancowinna Co. Broken Hill district ⓘ Broken Hill	Ramdohr (1950)
ⓘ Pinnacles Mine	Parr (1992)
ⓘ Potosi Silver Peak Mine (Silver Peak Mine)	Teals et al. (2006)
ⓘ Globe Mine	Slack et al. (1993)
ⓘ Thackaringa District	Bottrill (unpub.)
ⓘ Staurolite Ridge Mine	Uwe Kolitsch collection
Northern Territory Central Desert Region Jervois Station Jervois Range ⓘ Cox's Lode (Cox's Find)	Robertson (1959)
ⓘ Reward Mine (Reward lead; Hanlon's Reward)	Robertson (1959)
Strangways Range ⓘ Harry Creek Prospect (Harry Bore; Snake Well; Baldissera's Prospect; Iona)	Wilson (1977)
ⓘ Johannsen's Phlogopite Mine	Wilson (1977)
Queensland Cloncurry Shire Kuridala Roxmere Station ⓘ Snake Creek	Rubenach et al. (2002)
Rosebud Station Cattle Creek area ⓘ Cattle Creek	Queensland Government Department of ...
Selwyn District ⓘ Mount Elliott Mine (Mount Elliott Copper Mine)	Wang et al. (2001)
Etheridge Shire ⓘ Balcooma Mine	Harvey (1989)
ⓘ Dry River South	[var: Zinc-bearing Staurolite] Huston et al. (1995)
McKinlay Shire ⓘ Eloise Mine (Eloise Copper Mine)	Baker (1998)
South Australia Alexandrina Council Strathalbyn ⓘ Wheal Ellen	SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...
Barossa Council ⓘ Nuriootpa	Keeling J. L. (1984)
District Council of Mount Barker Echunga goldfield ⓘ Chapel Hill Diggings (Old Echunga diggings)	Robertson R.S. (1991)
Kanmantoo ⓘ Kanmantoo Mine (Kanmantoo West; Kanmantoo North)	Abbot (2005) +2 other references
Light Regional Council Moppa ⓘ Moppa Goldfield	Dallow (1983)
ⓘ Heggie's	Brown (1908)
ⓘ Moppa Hill	Brown (1908)
Mid Murray Council Keyneton ⓘ Emerald Hill	Uwe Kolitsch collection
Pastoral Unincorporated Area Boolcoomatta Reserve (Boolcoomata Station) ⓘ Dome Rock Copper Mine	Munro-Smith (2006)
Mingary Mutooroo area Mutooroo Homestead ⓘ Mutooroo Copper Mine	Brooke (1966)
Outalpa ⓘ Ameroo Norwest
Radium Hill area ⓘ Kakoschke prospect	Olliver et al. (1986)
ⓘ Sprigg	Olliver et al. (1986)
Tasmania Central Coast municipality ⓘ Forth district	Bottrill & Baker
King Island municipality ⓘ King Island	Bottrill et al. (2008)
Naracoopa ⓘ Naracoopa Rutile mine (Kibuka mines; Naracoopa Mineral Sands Mine)	Bottrill & Bacon in prep
Western Australia Bridgetown-Greenbushes Shire Greenbushes tinfield ⓘ Greenbushes Mine	Jacobson et al. (2007)
Coolgardie Shire Nepean ⓘ Nepean Ni Mine	Marston (1984)
Spargoville ⓘ Spargoville rose quartz deposit	Fetherston et al. (2013)
Ravensthorpe Shire Ravensthorpe ⓘ Mount Benson Mine	Simpson (1951)
Upper Gascoyne Shire ⓘ Yinnietharra	Tom Kapitany collections
Yilgarn Shire Marvel Loch ⓘ Jacoletti Gold Mine	Simpson (1948)

Austria
Carinthia Hermagor District Hermagor-Pressegger See ⓘ Jenig	J. Mörtl: Carinthia II 193./113.:294-295 (2003)
Sankt Veit an der Glan District Eberstein ⓘ Mirnig	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
ⓘ Prickler Halt	G.Niedermayr (1984)
Guttaring ⓘ Waitschach	J. Taucher: Carinthia II 186./106.:120-121 (1996)
Hüttenberg Hüttenberger Erzberg ⓘ Erbstollen adit	Meixner (1949)
Knappenberg ⓘ Plankogel	Angel et al. (1953)
Lölling ⓘ Pusygraben (Unterer Grabner)	Brandstätter et al. (2014) +1 other reference
ⓘ Semlach (Untersemlach)	- (n.d.)
Spittal an der Drau District Krems in Kärnten Innerkrems iron deposts ⓘ Bärengruben Alp	Meixner (1957)
Mallnitz ⓘ Lonzabach valley	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Millstatt Millstätter Alpe ⓘ Magnesite Mine	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Radenthein ⓘ Kaninggraben	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Lucknergraben ⓘ Garnet Mine	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Spittal an der Drau Wolfsberg ⓘ A10 Highway tunnel	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Villach-Land District Feld am See ⓘ Mirnock	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Fresach Laas ⓘ Feldspar quarry	Brandstätter et al. (1987) +1 other reference
ⓘ Millstatt Pegmatite Field	Krenn et al. (2025)
Treffen am Ossiacher See Kras ⓘ Modre quarry	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Villach Zauchen ⓘ Kumberg (Komberg)	Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Wolfsberg District Frantschach-Sankt Gertraud Brandrücken ⓘ Spodumene prospect	Niedermayr et al. (1988) +2 other references
Preitenegg Packsattel Kalcherkogel ⓘ A2 motorway tunnel (Kalcherkogel tunnel)	Annalen 1999
Sankt Georgen im Lavanttal ⓘ Krakaberg	Meixner (1950)
Lower Austria Horn District Gars am Kamp Thunau am Kamp ⓘ Schimmelsprung pegmatite occurrence	Kohn et al. (2024)
Meiseldorf ⓘ Stockern	Huber et al. (1977)
Pernegg ⓘ Pernegger Graben	Sigmund (1937) +4 other references
ⓘ Unnamed Quarry	Harald Schillhammer collecton
Krems-Land District ⓘ Lengenfeld	Exel (1993)
Salzburg Salzburg Untersberg massif ⓘ Salzburg shaft	Strasser (1989)
Tamsweg District Ramingstein ⓘ Kendlbrucker Graben	Steinwender et al. (2013)
ⓘ Silver mines (incl. Altenberg District; Dürrenrain District; Haderbau)	Strasser (1989)
Styria Bruck-Mürzzuschlag District Krieglach ⓘ Freßnitzgraben	Bernhard (1998)
Graz-Umgebung District Sankt Radegund bei Graz ⓘ Pegmatite outcrops	Aufschluss 1972 (SB) +2 other references
Liezen District Schladming Rohrmoos-Untertal ⓘ Bromriesen	Schmidegg (1937)
Murau District Oberwölz ⓘ Glattjoch	Postl et al. (1988)
Schöttlgraben ⓘ Weberbach valley	www.franzbernhard.x10hosting.com (2016)
Voitsberg District Ligist ⓘ Dietenberg	Friedrich O. M. (1929)
Tyrol Innsbruck-Land District Patsch ⓘ Patscherkofel mountain	Strasser (2008)
Landeck District Kaunertal Vergötschen ⓘ Lower Gsall valley	www.franzbernhard.x10hosting.com (2016)
ⓘ Paznaun valley	Exel (1993)
ⓘ Pitz valley	Exel (1993)
Schwaz District Mayrhofen ⓘ Stapfen Alp	Collection of NHM
Vorarlberg Bludenz District Gaschurn ⓘ Nova Stoba – Burg – Versettla – Madrisella area	Mäser et al. (2019)
ⓘ Valschaviel valley	Kolitsch et al. (2026)
Silbertal Rinder valley (Gafluna valley) ⓘ Wildebene	Kolitsch (2017)

Belgium
Wallonia Liège Trooz Forêt ⓘ Walou cave	Chen et al. (1988)

Bolivia
La Paz Larecaja Province Chacapa Challana District ⓘ Challana river headwaters alluvials	Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009)
Santa Cruz Guarayos Province ⓘ Ascensión de Guarayos	Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998)
Velasco Province Santa Ana de Velasco ⓘ Motacu	Federico Ahlfeld y Jorge Muñoz Reyes (1955)
ⓘ Suponema	Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009)

Brazil
Bahia Érico Cardoso Paramirim das Crioulas ⓘ Morro do Chapéu claim	Cassedanne et al. (1980)
ⓘ Pico das Almas river
Ibitiara ⓘ Serra da Mangabeira	Cassedanne (1985)
ⓘ Prado	Orris et al. (2002)
Goiás Alto Horizonte ⓘ Chapada Mine	[var: Zinc-bearing Staurolite] Econ Geol (1986) +1 other reference
Mara Rosa Mara Rosa Gold Project ⓘ Zacarias pit	Palermo et al. (2008)
Minaçu ⓘ Serra Dourada	Petersen Jr et al. (2008)
Minas Gerais Conselheiro Pena Barra do Cuieté ⓘ Eduardo claim	Scholz et al. (2014)
Coronel Murta ⓘ Barra do Salinas	Dennis Tryon collection +1 other reference
Galiléia Sapucaia do Norte ⓘ Sapucaia mine	Baijot et al. (2011)
Itabira ⓘ Piteiras Mine	Jordt-Evangelista et al. (2016)
ⓘ Rocha Mineração mine	Da Silva Lopes et al. (2008)
Itabirito ⓘ Cata Branca–Corrente goldfield	Cabral et al. (2024)
Itinga ⓘ Humaita pegmatite	Cassedanne et al. (1987)
Minas Novas Ribeirão da Folha ⓘ Córrego do Rubinho meta-ultramafic body	Amaral et al. (2026)
ⓘ Rochedo de Minas	Cassedanne et al. (1977)
Rubelita ⓘ Gramiais farm	Cassedanne et al. (1974)
Pará Parauapebas ⓘ Furnas Southeast deposit	Leão-Santos et al. (2022)
Rio Grande do Norte Campo Redondo ⓘ São Francisco Mine	Souza Neto et al. (2008)
Lajes ⓘ Bonfim Mine	João Adauto Souza Neto (2001) +1 other reference
Parelhas ⓘ Boqueirão pegmatite	Amores Casals et al. (2014)
ⓘ Tibiri pegmatite	Fernandes et al. (2022)
Tocantins Palmeirópolis ⓘ Palmeirópolis deposit	Araujo et al. (1995)
Peixe Fazenda Rodolita ⓘ Rodolita mine	J. Karfunkel and others (2014)

Bulgaria
Blagoevgrad Province Bansko Municipality ⓘ Obidim eclogite	Janák et al. (2011)
Haskovo Province Topolovgrad Municipality ⓘ Oreshnik	Marcus Voigt Collection +1 other reference
ⓘ Planinovo	I. Kostov et al. (1964)

Burundi


Cameroon
South Region Océan Bipindi ⓘ Gouap Fe deposit	Soh Tamehe et al. (2021)

Canada
British Columbia Cariboo Mining Division Tête Jaune Cache Mica Mountain ⓘ Mica Mountain Mica deposit	Personal correspondance with Giles Peatfield (see comments in description)
New Westminster Mining Division Harrison Lake ⓘ Mount Breakenridge	Reamsbottom (1971)
Hope ⓘ Giant Mascot Mine	Manor et al. (2014)
Manitoba Rusty Lake District Ruttan Lake ⓘ Ruttan Mine	Phillips (1979)
Snow Lake District ⓘ Anderson Lake mine	Rocks & Minerals 83:6 pp520-526
ⓘ Chisel Lake Mine	Calvert C. Bristol (1974) +1 other reference
ⓘ Chisel Lake North deposit	Gagné et al. (NTS 63K16 and 63N2) +1 other reference
ⓘ Lalor deposit	Duff (2016)
ⓘ Little Stall Lake Mine	Phillips (1979)
ⓘ New Britannia Mine	Fulton (1999)
ⓘ Nor-Acme mine	Phillips (1978) +1 other reference
ⓘ Osborne Lake Mine	Bristol et al. (1989)
Snow Lake ⓘ Photo Lake Mine	Bailes et al. (1999)
ⓘ Squall Lake deposit	Gagné et al. (NTS 63K16 and 63N2) +2 other references
ⓘ Stall Lake Mine	Calvert C. Bristol (1974) +1 other reference
ⓘ Utik Lake Banded Iron Deposit	Bernier (1990)
Newfoundland and Labrador Labrador Carol Lake ⓘ Smallwood Mine	Klein (1966)
Labrador City ⓘ Smokey Mountain ski hill	www.geosurv.gov.nf.ca/gacmap/LAB2.html.
Wabush Lake ⓘ Scully mine	Klein (1966)
Northwest Territories Mackenzie Mountains Tungsten (Cantung) ⓘ Little Nahanni Pegmatite Group	Groat et al. (2003)
North Slave Region Yellowknife ⓘ Discovery Mine	Whitty (2007)
Nova Scotia Guysborough Co. ⓘ Cochrane Hill gold district	Malcolm (1929)
Halifax Co. ⓘ Beaverdam gold mine (Beaver Dam mine)	Kontak et al. (1993) +1 other reference
Shelburne Co. ⓘ Jordan Falls	R. Van Dommelen collection
ⓘ Negro Harbour	Sabina (1964)
ⓘ Port La Tour	Sabina (1964)
ⓘ Round Bay	Sabina (1964)
Victoria Co. ⓘ McMillan Brook	Chatterjee (1977)
Yarmouth Co. ⓘ Foote Cove Beach	Sabina (1964)
Nunavut ⓘ Chantrey Inlet pegmatite field	P.B. Tomascak et al. (1994)
Itchen Lake Izok Lake ⓘ Izok Lake deposit	Lougheed +4 other references
Qikiqtaaluk Region Baffin Island ⓘ Mary River iron project	www.davidkjoyceminerals.com
Ontario Frontenac County Barrie Township ⓘ Ore Chimney Mine (Bey Mines)	Econ Geol (1989)
ⓘ Clarendon Township	Mielke (n.d.)
ⓘ Fernleigh occurrence	Sabina (1987)
ⓘ Swaugers Lake Occurrence	Sabina (1987) +1 other reference
Greater Sudbury Drury Township ⓘ High Falls Road occurrences	Sabina (1991)
Hastings County Madoc Township ⓘ Blakely Pyrite Mine (Queensboro)	MDI Number: MDI31C11SW00018
Kenora District Baird Township ⓘ Madsen Mine	Dubé +1 other reference
Bruce Lake Area ⓘ Griffith Mine	Sabina (1991)
ⓘ Lundmark-Akow Lake Property	Romios Gold Resources Inc.
Red Lake gold district Red Lake area ⓘ Dixie project	Albina Adamova (2020)
Skinner Lake Area ⓘ Musselwhite Mine	55TH INSTITUTE ON LAKE SUPERIOR GEOLOGY (2009)
Lennox and Addington County Addington Highlands Township Kaladar Township ⓘ Golden Fleece Mine	Econ Geol (1989)
Nipissing District Dana Township ⓘ River Valley Garnet Mine	Mielke (n.d.)
Parry Sound District BMA 564 884 Township ⓘ Parry Island Garnet occurrence	Sabina (1986)
Thunder Bay District Barbara Lake Area ⓘ Salo occurrence	Sabina (1964)
Bomby Township ⓘ Hemlo gold deposit	Econ Geol (1997)
ⓘ Golden Giant Mine	Proceedings 30th Intl Geol Cong Vol 16 ... +2 other references
Gemmell Township ⓘ Geco Mine	Spry (1983) +3 other references
Pays Plat Lake Area ⓘ Winston Lake deposit	Franklin et al. (1991)
Québec Abitibi-Témiscamingue La Vallée-de-l'Or RCM Réservoir-Dozois ⓘ Cabonga Reservoir	Olivier Langelier Collection
Mauricie Mékinac RCM ⓘ Montauban deposit	Bernier et al. (1987)
Saskatchewan Amisk Lake District ⓘ Coronation Mine	Sabina (1972)
ⓘ Strange Lake Alkalic Complex (Strange Lake Complex; Lac Brisson Complex)	Miller (2021)
Yukon Dawson mining district Klondike Area (Klondyke District; Klondike District) Indian River Drainage Dominion Creek Drainage ⓘ Dominion Creek	Gleeson ( 1970)

China
Anhui Tongling Tongguanshan ore field ⓘ Tianmashan Mine	Junwu Lu and Yuanfa Xia (2001)
Guangdong Shanwei Lufeng Co. ⓘ Tashan Sn deposit	Shen Weizhou and Liu Changshi (1996) +2 other references
Zhaoqing Gaoyao District ⓘ Hetai gold field	Yongzhang Zhou (1992)
Hebei Baoding Fuping County ⓘ Fuping complex	Guochun Zhao et al. (2004)
Heilongjiang Daxing'anling Songling District ⓘ Guliku Au-(Ag) deposit	Yongming Shi et al. (2006)
Henan Nanyang Xixia County ⓘ Sangping Mine (Xixia Mine)	Shiquan Zhou and Zujie Feng (1999)
Xinyang Xin Co. ⓘ Tianpu	Chun Zhai et al. (1993)
Hubei Xianning Tongcheng Co. ⓘ Duanfengshan Mine	Yin et al. (2026)
Yichang Xingshan Co. ⓘ Laolingou garnet deposit	Jingqu Yao (2000)
Inner Mongolia Hohhot City (Huhehaote Prefecture) Wuchuan County ⓘ Maoduqing Au deposit	Liang Yang (2003)
Liaoning Anshan Haicheng Co. ⓘ Xiafangshen Magnesite deposit	wrgis.wr.usgs.gov (2004)
ⓘ Xiaoshengshuisi magnesite deposit	Zheng et al. (2026)
Benxi Nanfen District ⓘ Lianshanguan Mine (Benxi Mine; U deposit No. 3075)	Chaowen Luo and Juchu Li (1988) +1 other reference
Yingkou Dashiqiao City ⓘ Dadonggou Au deposit	Jia et al. (2026)
Gaizhou City ⓘ Maoling Au deposit (Maolin Au deposit)	Xiaoping Qiu (2004)
ⓘ Zhaojiapuzi Au deposit	Zhongman Li et al. (2003)
Shaanxi Shangluo Zhen'an County ⓘ Guilingou Mo-W deposit	Wang et al. (2022)
Shanxi Datong Lingqiu County ⓘ Shangshifan Au deposit	Shuyin Niu et al. (2013)
Xinzhou Dai Co. Yanmenguan ⓘ Liujiagou	Songnian Lu et al. (2003)
Wuzhai Co. ⓘ Yantoucun Fe deposit (Yent'outs'un Fe deposit)	Iwao (1969)
Yuncheng Yuanqu Co. Zhongtiaoshan ore field ⓘ Tongwa Cu occurrence	Qiu et al. (2017)
Sichuan Garzê Autonomous Prefecture (Ganzi Autonomous Prefecture) Danba Co. ⓘ Danba pegmatite field	Jiankang Li et al. (2006)
Jiulong County ⓘ Heiniudong Cu-Zn deposit	Jianzhong Li et al. (2010)
ⓘ Liwu Cu-Zn deposit	Tongzhu Li et al. (2010) +3 other references
Sêrxü Co. (Shiqu Co.) ⓘ Zhawulong deposit	Li +4 other references
Yajiang County Kangding pegmatite field ⓘ Jiajika Mine	Li +8 other references
ⓘ Murong pegmatite-type Li deposit	Lei et al. (2025)
ⓘ Rongxuka Li deposit	Xuemin et al. (2026)
Ngawa Autonomous Prefecture (Aba Autonomous Prefecture) Jinchuan Co. ⓘ Ke'eryin pegmatite field	Li +5 other references
ⓘ Jiada deposit	Li et al. (2024)
Tibet Lhasa Qüxü Co. (Qushui Co.) ⓘ Liangguo corundum deposit	Zhang et al. (2018)
Nagqu Xainza Co. (Shenzha Co.) ⓘ Bengnazangbu Au deposit	Chunhong Wang et al. (2006)
Shannan Prefecture Lhozhag County ⓘ Gabo mining area	Fu et al. (2025)
Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture) Lhozhag Co. (Luozha Co.) ⓘ Lalong Dome	Fu et al. (2023)
Lhünzê Co. (Longzi Co.) Cuonadong dome ⓘ Cuonadong Sn-W-Be deposit	He et al. (2022)
Xigazê Prefecture (Rikaze Prefecture; Shigatse Prefecture) Tingri Co. (Dingri Co.) ⓘ Xipu Dome	Yan et al. (2024)
Xinjiang Bayin'gholin Autonomous Prefecture Lopnur Co. (Yuli Co.; Weili Co.) ⓘ Astingbulake BIF	Li et al. (2026)
Ruoqiang Co. (Qakilik Co.; Chaqiliq Co.) ⓘ South Washixia granitic pegmatite Li deposit	Kang et al. (2024)
Hami Prefecture (Kumul Prefecture; Qumul Prefecture) Yizhou District Qincheng township ⓘ Xiaopu metamorphic zone	Guoqing Zhou (2004)
Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Altay Prefecture (Aletai Prefecture) Aletai Co. (Altay Co.) ⓘ Xiaokalasu Mine (Xiaohalasu Mine)	Denghong Wang et al. (2003)
Fuhai Co. (Burultokay Co.) ⓘ Kalu’an-Azubai Pegmatite Field	Feng et al. (2019)
ⓘ Saerjiake No. 1 pegmatite deposit	Liu et al. (2025)
Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.) ⓘ Ayoubulake pegmatite field	wrgis.wr.usgs.gov (2004)
Koktokay pegmatite field (Keketuohai pegmatite field) Altay Mine ⓘ Koktokay No. 3 pegmatite (Altay No. 3 pegmatite)	Tao Wang et al. (2007)
Maizi volcanic-sedimentary basin ⓘ Akeharen Pb-Zn deposit	Yong Wang (2008)
ⓘ Nasenqia Mine	Tang (2005)
Qinghe Co. (Qinggil Co.; Chinggil Co.) Qinghe pegmatite field ⓘ Baicheng pegmatite	Shen et al. (2025)
ⓘ Talate pegmatite	Shen et al. (2025)
Yunnan Wenshan Malipo County ⓘ Xinzhai Sn deposit	Jiarui Feng et al. (2011)

Czech Republic
Central Bohemian Region Kutná Hora District Starkoč ⓘ Gneiss quarry	Cempírek et al. (2006)
Vlkaneč ⓘ Přibyslavice	Povondra et al. (eds.) +1 other reference
Hradec Králové Region Trutnov District Dolní Olešnice Vestřev ⓘ Vestřev alluvial placer deposit	Moravec +4 other references
Liberec Region ⓘ North Bohemian Uranium District	Scharm +7 other references
Olomouc Region Jeseník District Bělá pod Pradědem Filipovice ⓘ Červená hora	Kruťa et al. (1967)
Česká Ves ⓘ Zlatý Chlum	Kruťa (1949)
Ostružná Šerák-Keprník National Nature Reservation ⓘ Keprník Hill	Kruťa +1 other reference
ⓘ Šerák Hill	Kruťa +1 other reference
Písečná ⓘ Chebzí	Kruťa
ⓘ Zlaté Hory	Kuttna +1 other reference
Šumperk District Branná ⓘ Branná and Hučava stream	Kruťa et al. (1967)
ⓘ Franziskazeche	Nepejchal M. (2004)
ⓘ Hanušovice	Gába
ⓘ Hynčice nad Moravou	Gába
ⓘ Potůčník	Gába
ⓘ Kopřivná	Gába
Loučná nad Desnou Kouty nad Desnou ⓘ Kazatelna Hill (Predigtberg)	Kruťa et al. (1967)
ⓘ Vozka Hill	Kruťa et al. (1967)
Nový Malín ⓘ Brickworks	Kruťa (1960)
Petrov nad Desnou ⓘ Anenská studánka (Annaquelle)	Zimák
ⓘ Granatová skála (Weissenstein)	Zimák
ⓘ Holubáč (Hammerbüschel)	Zimák et al. (2001)
ⓘ Petrovský vrch	Novotný
Velké Losiny Maršíkov (Marchendorf) ⓘ Kamenity Hill (Steinigberg)	Kruťa et al. (1967)
Plzeň Region Tachov District Bezdružice ⓘ Křivce	Klomínský J. et al.: Fosilní zlatonosné rozsypy v karbonu u Křivců (západní Čechy)

DR Congo
Kasaï ⓘ Kasai river alluvials	Edwards (1917)
ⓘ Tshikapa	Milesi et al. (2006)
ⓘ Katanga	Johari
Lualaba Lubudi ⓘ Funda Biabo	Gécamines (1977)
Maniema ⓘ Kalima	Alain Hanson collection
North Kivu Rutshuru Territory Bwito ⓘ Lueshe Mine	Maravic et al. (1989)
Walikale Territory Bisie ⓘ Bisie Tin Project	Wulff et al. (2025) +1 other reference
ⓘ Mpama North	Wulff et al. (2025)
South Kivu Mwenga Territory ⓘ Kamituga-Mobale mine	- (2005)
Walungu Territory ⓘ Luntukulu	Villeneuve et al. (2022)
Tanganyika ⓘ Manono-Kitotolo mine	Dewaele et al. (2016)

Egypt
Red Sea Governorate Wadi Allaqi District ⓘ Um El Tuyor Mine (Umm Tuyur)	Zoheir (2004) +1 other reference
Wadi Haimur ⓘ Abu Swayel Cu-Ni deposit	Helmy et al. (1995)
ⓘ Wadi El-Tuleia	Shahin et al. (2025)
South Sinai Governorate ⓘ Kid	Mamedov et al. (2012)
ⓘ Samra I deposit	International Geological Congress (2008)
ⓘ Samra II deposit	International Geological Congress (2008)
ⓘ Samra III deposit	International Geological Congress (2008)
ⓘ Samra IV deposit	International Geological Congress (2008)
ⓘ Um Zariq formation	Helmy et al. (2021)
ⓘ Um Zeriq II deposit	International Geological Congress (2008)
ⓘ Um Zeriq III deposit	International Geological Congress (2008)

Eswatini
Lubombo Region Dokolwayo ⓘ Dokolwayo Mine (Dvokolwayo Mine)	Daniels (1991)

Ethiopia
Benishangul-Gumuz Region Asosa Zone ⓘ Tumet river	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Oromia Region Kenticha pegmatite field ⓘ Kenticha mine	A Geological Excursion To The Mesozoic Sediments Of The Abay Basin ( Blue Nile)

Finland
Central Ostrobothnia Kaustinen ⓘ Rapasaaret	Lynch et al. (2025)
Kanta-Häme Tammela ⓘ Kietyönmäki	Wilke (1976)
North Karelia ⓘ Ilomantsi	Kojonen Kari
ⓘ Pampalo Au deposit	Vymazalová et al. (2019)
Joensuu ⓘ Hammaslahti deposit (Lähdekorpi deposit)	en.gtk.fi (2007)
ⓘ Hirvivaara	Aurola
ⓘ Valkeavaara	Hyvärineb
North Ostrobothnia Kuusamo ⓘ Kouvervaara	Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ...
ⓘ Meurastuksenaho	Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ...
ⓘ Sakarinkaivulamminsuo (Juomasuo II)	Eilu (2007)
North Savo Leppävirta ⓘ Timola	Vanrusselt (2023)
South Ostrobothnia Seinäjoki ⓘ Pajuluoma	Lynch et al. (2025)
ⓘ Syväjärvi	Lynch et al. (2025)
Uusimaa Lohja ⓘ Kovela	Al-Ani et al. (2018)

France
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Ain Belley Brégnier-Cordon ⓘ Cordon quarry	Ducluzaux (2022)
Murs-et-Gélignieux ⓘ Courdan gravel pit	Ducluzaux (2022)
Bourg-en-Bresse Jayat ⓘ Jayat quarry	Ducluzaux (2022)
Lescheroux ⓘ Reyssouze River placer	Ducluzaux (2022)
Allier Vichy Échassières Montmins mining district ⓘ Mine de l'Eperon (La Bosse)	Monnier et al. (2021)
Saint-Didier-la-Forêt Andelot River watershed ⓘ Grand Etang alluvial deposits	François Périnet
Cantal Mauriac Beaulieu ⓘ Beaulieu brook alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
ⓘ Thynières gully alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Haute-Loire Brioude Saint-Ilpize Ribeyre ⓘ Bouchassou stream alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Saint-Privat-du-Dragon Feneyrolles ⓘ Feneyrolles stream alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Vieille-Brioude Champlong ⓘ La Borie stream alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Loire Saint-Étienne La Terrasse-sur-Dorlay ⓘ Charbonnière	G. Demarcq
La Tour-en-Jarez ⓘ Onzon river alluvials	Personnaly collected by Matthias Diot
ⓘ Saint-Chamond	Belot (1978)
Saint-Héand ⓘ Le Sauzet	GONNARD F. (1906)
Tartaras ⓘ Gier river alluvials	Personnaly collected by Matthias Diot
Puy-de-Dôme Clermont-Ferrand La Roche-Blanche ⓘ Gergovie
Issoire Singles La Guinguette ⓘ Mortagne stream alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Rhône Lyon Saint-Pierre-de-Chandieu ⓘ Cheval Blanc quarry	Ducluzaux (2022)
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Nièvre Nevers Avril-sur-Loire La Prole ⓘ Etang Cossay brook alluvial deposits	collected by Gaétan Bouclet and ...
Saône-et-Loire Charolles Saint-Aubin-sur-Loire ⓘ Le Raffaut stream alluvial deposits	François Périnet collection
ⓘ Brittany	Betts (n.d.)
Côtes-d'Armor Saint-Brieuc Binic-Etables-sur-Mer Étables-sur-Mer ⓘ Les Godelins beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1997)
Hillion ⓘ L’Hôtellerie beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1997)
Pléneuf-Val-André ⓘ Dahouët beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1997)
ⓘ La Ville Berneuf beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1997)
ⓘ Le Port Morvan beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1997)
Plérin ⓘ Le Légué	Chauris (2014)
ⓘ Saint-Laurent-de-la-Mer beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1997)
Saint-Quay-Portrieux ⓘ Ile de la Comtesse beach alluvial deposits	Pierrot et al. (1975)
ⓘ Finistère	Mason (1976)
Brest Kerlouan ⓘ Saint-Egarec beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Lampaul-Plouarzel Porscav ⓘ Beg ar Groas beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Lanildut ⓘ Rocher du Crapaud beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Le Conquet	Lacroix (1893) +1 other reference
ⓘ Blancs Sablons beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Porz Liogan ⓘ Porz Liogan beach alluvials	Lacroix (1893) +1 other reference
Locmaria-Plouzané Trégana ⓘ Trégana beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Plouarzel ⓘ Porscuidic beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Ruscumunoc ⓘ Ruscumunoc beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1982)
Toul an Dour ⓘ Porz Tévigné beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Plouguerneau ⓘ Koréjou beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Lilia ⓘ Kervenni beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Châteaulin ⓘ Coray	Lukas (1978)
ⓘ Kerzest	Lukas (1978)
Trégourez ⓘ Pont-Kerlann stream alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Tréflez ⓘ Odet river alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Morlaix Carantec Callot island ⓘ Penn ar Waremm beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Poul Morvan beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Trémenez beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Clouët beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Grève Blanche beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Kélenn beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Kerprigent ⓘ Keryénévet beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Plougasnou ⓘ Le Diben beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Trégastel beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Plouigneau ⓘ La Chapelle du Mur	Belot (1978) +1 other reference
ⓘ Le Glaira quarry	Pierrot et al. (1973) +1 other reference
ⓘ Les Forges Neuves	Pierrot et al. (1973)
Plourin-lès-Morlaix ⓘ Jarlot stream alluvial deposits	Heavy sands collected by Marc Bassoulet ...
ⓘ Parc-au-Duc	Pierrot et al. (1973)
Plouvorn ⓘ Pont Ar C'hant	Chauris (2014)
Roscoff ⓘ Guéréon reef	Chauris (2014)
ⓘ Le Cordonnier reef	Chauris (2014)
Saint-Pol-de-Léon Créac'h André ⓘ Kersaliou beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Grève du Man	Chauris (2014)
Kerangouez ⓘ Porzdoun beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Ste-Anne	Chauris (2014)
Trégondern ⓘ Pointe Saint-Jean beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Santec Siec island ⓘ Beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1982)
Quimper Cléden-Cap-Sizun ⓘ Pointe du Van	Barrière et al. (1985)
Clohars-Carnoët Langlazic ⓘ Porsac’h creek alluvials	Chauris L. (1988)
Le Pouldu ⓘ Grands Sables beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1988)
ⓘ Kerrou beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Concarneau ⓘ Cornouaille beach alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
ⓘ Sables Blancs beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Elliant Ty Bidan ⓘ Jet stream alluvial deposits	collected by François Périnet.
Ergué-Gabéric ⓘ Kerfort	Lukas (1978)
La Forêt-Fouesnant ⓘ Kerleven beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1982)
Landudal ⓘ Langelin stream alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Névez ⓘ Kersidan beach alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
ⓘ Raguénez beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1988)
Plogonnec ⓘ Pont Quéau	Belot (1978)
Quéménéven Landrévélen ⓘ Landrévélen stream alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
ⓘ Scaër	Lukas (1978)
ⓘ Kerbihan stream alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
ⓘ Micaschist outcrops	perso.wanadoo.fr (2000)
ⓘ Coadry	Lacroix (1893) +1 other reference
ⓘ Menez Ru	Lacroix (1893)
Tourch Quilien ⓘ Pont-Ar-C'hleudic stream alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
ⓘ Staurolite occurrences	Lacroix (1893) +3 other references
ⓘ Coat Spern	Lukas (1978)
ⓘ Kervéguen	Lukas (1978)
ⓘ Morbihan	Mason (1976)
Lorient Groix Primiture Les Grands Sables ⓘ Les Grands Sables beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Porh Morvil creek ⓘ Porh Morvil creek alluvials (south-east)	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Porh Morvil creek alluvials (west)	Chauris L. (1982)
Stang Nu creek ⓘ Stang Nu creek alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Guidel Guidel-Plages ⓘ Guidel beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1988)
ⓘ Le Loch beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1988)
La Trinité-sur-Mer ⓘ Kervillen beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Larmor-Plage ⓘ Kerpape creek alluvials	collected by Jean Guennéguès
ⓘ Larmor beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1988)
Locmaria Samzun ⓘ Grands sables beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1987)
Ploemeur Kerroc'h ⓘ Port Blanc beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1988)
ⓘ Le Courégant beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1988)
Le Fort-Bloqué ⓘ Fort-Bloqué beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1988)
Port-Louis ⓘ Gâvres beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1982)
Quiberon ⓘ Pointe Riberen beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Port-Haliguen beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Saint-Julien beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Saint-Pierre-Quiberon ⓘ Kerbourgnec beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Kerhostin ⓘ Pointe de Kerhostin beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Portivy ⓘ Beg en Aud creek alluvials	Chauris L. (1988)
ⓘ Portivy beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1988)
Sauzon ⓘ Deuborh creek alluvials	Chauris L. (1987)
ⓘ Les Poulains islands creek alluvials	Chauris L. (1987)
Pontivy Baud ⓘ Coët Ligné	Belot (1978) +1 other reference
ⓘ Ferme de Roho	Yannick Verbelen collection +1 other reference
ⓘ Keralbaud (Kerhalbaud)	Lukas (1978)
ⓘ Kerhilio	Lukas (1978) +1 other reference
ⓘ Guiscriff	Lacroix (1893)
ⓘ Locminé	Lionel Robertson Collection +2 other references
Vannes Ambon ⓘ Bétahon beach alluvials (Cromenac'h East)	R. Pierrot
ⓘ Cromenac'h beach alluvials (Cromenac'h West)	R. Pierrot
Damgan ⓘ Saint-Guérin beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Penestin ⓘ La Mine d'Or beach alluvial deposits	R. Pierrot
ⓘ Pointe du Bile beach alluvial deposits	CHAURIS L. (1982)
Sarzeau ⓘ Penvins beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Suscinio beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
ⓘ Trévenaste beach alluvials	R. Pierrot
Centre-Val de Loire Cher Saint-Amand-Montrond Cours-les-Barres ⓘ Loire river alluvial deposits	François Périnet collection
Cuffy Le Guétin ⓘ Allier river alluvial deposits	François Périnet collection
Indre-et-Loire Chinon Langeais Langeais mine ⓘ La Rouchouse	Belot (1978)
Loir-et-Cher Vendôme Artins ⓘ Le Loir stream alluvial deposits	Gaétan Bouclet collection
Loiret Montargis Gien ⓘ Loire river alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
French Guiana Arrondissement of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni Apatou ⓘ Haute Sparaouine river	Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. ...
Grand Est Haut-Rhin Mulhouse Kembs ⓘ Rhine river alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Ile-de-France Seine-et-Marne Provins Vimpelles ⓘ Brevannes quarry	Ducluzaux (2022)
Nouvelle-Aquitaine Charente-Maritime Rochefort Saint-Pierre-d'Oléron Saint-Georges-d'Oléron ⓘ Domino beach alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Dordogne Nontron Saint-Jean-de-Côle ⓘ Boudeau gravel pit	Heavy sands collected by Charles Nicolas
Sarlat-la-Canéda Journiac ⓘ La Panouille stream alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Haute-Vienne Limoges Château-Chervix La Fagassière ⓘ Mars stream alluvial deposits	Heavy sands collected by Charles Nicolas
Rochechouart Cussac ⓘ Colle stream alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Pyrénées-Atlantiques Bayonne ⓘ Hélette	Belot (1978)
Occitanie Aude Narbonne Leucate Grau de Leucate ⓘ Port conchylicole beach alluvial deposits	Heavy sands collected by Christian ...
Aveyron Pays d'Olt ⓘ Saint-Geniez	Poulain et al. (1974)
Gard Alès Rochegude ⓘ La Cèze river alluvial deposits	Heavy sands collected by Charles Nicolas
Nîmes Le Grau-du-Roi ⓘ Pointe de l’Espiguette beach alluvial deposits	BRGM (2000)
Hautes-Pyrénées Argelès-Gazost Arcizans-Avant ⓘ Gave d’Azun river alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
ⓘ Aure Valley	De Ascenção Guedes et al. (2002)
Hérault Béziers Mons Tarassac ⓘ Orb river alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Pyrénées-Orientales Perpignan Le Barcarès Port-Barcarès ⓘ Grande Plage beach alluvial deposits	Heavy sands collected by Christian ...
Prades ⓘ Py	Guitard (2010)
Saint-Pierre-dels-Forcats ⓘ Cambre d'Aze (Cambra d'Aze)	Llac F. et al. (1988)
Pays de la Loire Loire-Atlantique Nantes Le Pellerin ⓘ La Ville au Vay	Baret (1905)
Saint-Nazaire La Plaine-sur-Mer ⓘ La Saulzinière beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1987)
Le Pouliguen ⓘ Convert beach alluvials	Chauris L. (2001)
Piriac-sur-Mer ⓘ Le Tombeau d’Almanzor beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Port au Loup ⓘ Port au Loup beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1982)
Saint-Brevin-les-Pins ⓘ L’Ermitage beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1987)
ⓘ La Courance beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1987)
ⓘ La Pierre Attelée beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1987)
ⓘ Le Pointeau beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1987)
Saint-Michel-Chef-Chef ⓘ La Roussellerie beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1987)
ⓘ La Source beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1987)
Saint-Nazaire ⓘ La Rougeole beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1987)
ⓘ Le Petit Gavy beach alluvials	Chauris L. (1987)
Saint-Marc-sur-Mer ⓘ Saint-Marc beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1987)
Ville-ès-Martin ⓘ Ville-ès-Martin beach alluvial deposits	Chauris L. (1987)
Maine-et-Loire Cholet ⓘ Champtoceaux	Goujou (2004)
Vendée Les Sables-d'Olonne Bretignolles-sur-Mer ⓘ Rocher Sainte-Véronique beach alluvial deposits	Périnet (n.d.)
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Bouches-du-Rhône Aix-en-Provence Peyrolles-en-Provence ⓘ Durance river alluvial deposits	Périnet F. (2018)
Var Draguignan Ramatuelle ⓘ Pampelonne beach	Ducluzaux (2022)
ⓘ Rayol-Canadel-sur-Mer	lithotheque.ens-lyon.fr (n.d.)
ⓘ Canadel Pass	Georges FAVREAU collection and EDX ... +1 other reference
ⓘ Ecuelle point	Lougnon (continent et Iles du Levant) +1 other reference
ⓘ Pickeringite occurrence	Galéa-Clolus et al. (2023)
Toulon Collobrières ⓘ Serevengude ravine	Mari et al. (1979)
ⓘ Vaubarnier mine	BRGM report
Hyères Îles d'Hyères ⓘ Île du Levant	Belot (1978)
Le Lavandou ⓘ Cap Nègre	Lougnon (continent et Iles du Levant)
ⓘ La Rouvière brook	Mari et al. (1979)
ⓘ Rossignol point

Germany
Baden-Württemberg Freiburg Region Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald Badenweiler ⓘ Blauen Massif	Walenta (1992)
Ortenaukreis Zell am Harmersbach ⓘ Nordrach	Walenta (1992)
Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis ⓘ Triberg im Schwarzwald	Walenta (1992)
Bavaria Lower Franconia Aschaffenburg District Alzenau Hörstein ⓘ Gravel quarry	Lorenz. A. et al. (2008)
ⓘ Kleinostheim	Mason (1976)
ⓘ Kalbsbuckel Quarry	www.haldengraeber.de (n.d.)
Sailauf Hartkoppe ⓘ Fuchs Quarry
ⓘ Sommerkahl	Stefan Koch Collection
Upper Franconia Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge Wunsiedel Schönbrunn ⓘ Acherwiese	Weiß (1990)
Upper Palatinate Cham District Lam ⓘ Lambach Quarry	Geotopkataster database
Tirschenreuth District Bärnau ⓘ Ahornberg	Laubmann et al. (1915)
Leonberg Pfaffenreuth ⓘ Bayerland mine	Weiß (1990)
Rhineland-Palatinate Ahrweiler Brohltal Glees ⓘ Gleeser Felder	Brauns (1922)
ⓘ Hüttenberg sand pit	Brauns (1922)
Wehr ⓘ Kappiger Ley (Kappiger Lay)	Hopmann
Mayen-Koblenz Mendig Mendig ⓘ In den Dellen quarries	Brauns (1922)
ⓘ Thelenberg	Brauns (1922)
Wingertsberg ⓘ Pumice quarries	Brauns (1922)
Pellenz Kruft ⓘ Krufter Ofen	Brauns (1922)
Vulkaneifel Gerolstein Rockeskyll Rockeskyll volcanic complex ⓘ Auf Dickel (incl. Nonnental)	El-Kaluoby
Saxony-Anhalt Harz Blankenburg ⓘ Michaelstein	Koch (1886)
Saxony Erzgebirgskreis Bärenstein Niederschlag ⓘ Straßburger Glück Mine

Ghana
Ashanti gold belt Tarkwa ⓘ Tarkwa Mine	- (1997)

Greece
Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Evros Soufli ⓘ Charakoma eclogite	Mposkos et al. (2011)
Thasos Theologos ⓘ Trikorfo	Tarantola +10 other references
North Aegean Samos Western Samos Kerkis mountain ⓘ Mikro-Lakka emery deposit
South Aegean Naxos ⓘ Naxos Island	33-35 +2 other references

Greenland
Qeqqata Maniitsoq Island ⓘ Corundum deposits	Yakymchuk et al. (2021)

Hungary
Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County Sátoraljaújhely District ⓘ Vilyvitány	Sándor et al. (2005)
Fejér County Sárbogárd District Vajta ⓘ Vajta borehole no. 3	Lelkes-Felvari et al. (1989)
Győr-Moson-Sopron County Sopron ⓘ Kő-bérc	Sándor et al. (2005)
ⓘ Kovács Ditch	Szakáll & Jánosi. Minerals of Hungary
Zala County Nagykanizsa District Garabonc ⓘ Garabonc borehole no. 1	Sándor et al. (2005)

India
Karnataka Hassan District Arsikere ⓘ Kalyadi Cu deposit	Rao et al. (1997)
Madhya Pradesh Chhindwara District ⓘ Bhuyāri	Golani et al. (2006)
Jabalpur Division Chhindwara District ⓘ Koparpani prospect	Ghosh et al. (2007)
Maharashtra Nagpur Division Bhandara District ⓘ Dongri Buzurg Mine	S.P. Deshpande (1959) +1 other reference
ⓘ Girola area (Girola Hill)	Meshram et al. (2012)
ⓘ Kyanite-sillimanite mine	Dandekar et al. (2025)
Pune Division ⓘ Pune District
Rajasthan Ajmer District ⓘ Kayad mine	Das et al. (2024)
Bhilwara District ⓘ Rampura-Agucha Zn-(Pb) deposit	Deb et al. (1997)
ⓘ Samarkiya area	Ozha et al. (2017)
Jaipur district ⓘ Saladipura Cu-Zn deposit	Sarkar et al. (1980)
Jhunjhunu District ⓘ Jahaz prospect	Mineralogical Studies of Metasomatized ...
West Bengal Bankura District ⓘ Chhendapathar	B. Mishra (1999)
ⓘ Tuiladungri staurolite occurrence	Ghosh (1970)
Purulia District ⓘ Balam Pahar	Baidya (1981)
ⓘ Nawahatu	Baidya

Iran
Zanjan Province Mahneshan County Central District ⓘ Poshtuk	SAKI et al. (2012)

Ireland
Leinster Carlow County ⓘ Aclare	Whitworth (1992) +1 other reference
Dublin County ⓘ Killiney	Rutley (1902)
ⓘ Leinster Batholith	Barros et al. (2022)
Wicklow County ⓘ Glenmalure	Rutley (1902)
Ulster Donegal County Ardara ⓘ Narin (Naran)	B. P. Atkin (1978) +1 other reference

Italy
Calabria Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria San Luca ⓘ Madonna di Polsi Sanctuary	Pezzino et al. (1980) +2 other references
Lazio Metropolitan City of Rome Capital Allumiere ⓘ Spizzicatore Hill	Della Ventura et al. (2006)
Liguria Genoa ⓘ Arenzano	Antofilli et al. (1983)
ⓘ Savona Province	Del Moro et al. (1981)
ⓘ Ligurian Sea to the SW of Portovenere Promontory (La Spezia)	Vinci (1964)
Lombardy Como Province Musso ⓘ Genico-Croda area	Repossi (1910) +3 other references
ⓘ State Road "SS 340 dir" works	Luigi Chiappino data +1 other reference
Lecco Province Dervio ⓘ Corenno Plinio	Gramaccioli (1975)
Vestreno ⓘ Madonna di Bondo	Fulvio Piero Capponi specimen
Pavia Province Rivanazzano Terme ⓘ Staffora stream alluvials	Garzanti et al. (1998)
Sondrio Province ⓘ Bitto di Gerola Valley (Gerola Valley)	Bedognè et al. (2006)
ⓘ Cedrasco	Bedognè et al. (2006)
Cosio Valtellino ⓘ Piagno	Bedognè et al. (2006)
Rogolo ⓘ Combana Mountain	Bedognè et al. (2006)
Valfurva Gavia Valley ⓘ Dosegù Glacier	Bedognè et al. (2006)
ⓘ Gavia Pass	Bedognè et al. (2006)
Piedmont Novara Province Orta San Giulio ⓘ Colle della Torre di Buccione (Colle di Buccione)	Piccoli et al. (2007)
Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province Baceno Croveo ⓘ Stretta di Cuggine	Piccoli et al. (2007)
Devero Alp ⓘ Monte Cervandone area
ⓘ Punta della Valle	Vittorio Soldani find & collection
Beura-Cardezza ⓘ Beura quarries	Spezia (1881-1882) +1 other reference
Druogno Albogno ⓘ Belvedere di Albogno	Boscardin M. et al. (2013)
Formazza ⓘ Maria Luisa Refuge area	Mattioli (1979)
ⓘ Morasco area	Traverso S. (1895) +1 other reference
ⓘ Vallone di Nefelgiù	Mattioli (1979)
ⓘ Isorno Valley	Mascia et al. (2017) +1 other reference
Trarego Viggiona ⓘ Cannero Riviera ore body	Oberto et al. (2021)
Trasquera ⓘ Mount Teggiolo	Piccoli et al. (2007)
ⓘ Possette Pass	Piccoli et al. (2007)
Vercelli Province Cravagliana ⓘ Valmaggia	Piccoli et al. (2007)
Sardinia Sassari Province ⓘ Gallura	Gamboni et al. (2021)
Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol South Tyrol ⓘ Lunga Valley (Langtaufer Valley)	Exel (1987)
ⓘ Racines Valley (Ratsching Valley)	Exel (1987)
Vinschgau (Val Venosta) Martell (Martello) ⓘ Peder Valley	Del Caldo et al. (1973)
Wipptal (Alta Vall'Isarco) Pfitsch (Val di Vizze) Sankt Jakob (San Giacomo) ⓘ Vizze Pass (Pfitsch Pass; Pfitscher Joch)	Morteani et al. (1996)
ⓘ Windtal	Folie et al. (2010)

Ivory Coast
Sassandra-Marahoué Haut-Sassandra Issia department ⓘ Sézo	Assaoulé Benjamin Allou (2005)

Japan
Toyama Prefecture Kurobe City ⓘ Unazuki	- (n.d.) +1 other reference

Kazakhstan
Akmola Region ⓘ Kulet-Kol area	Hwang et al. (2006)

Kyrgyzstan
Chuy Region Kemin District ⓘ Aqtyuz eclogite	OROZBAEV et al. (2007) +1 other reference

Madagascar
Amoron'i Mania Ambatofinandrahana District Mandrosonoro ⓘ Ampandramaika pegmatite	Behier (1963)
Analanjirofo ⓘ Soanierana-Ivongo	Behier (1963)
Matsiatra Ambony Ikalamavony District ⓘ Fitampito	Michel Arliguie collection & photo (Photo ID: 889656)
ⓘ Malakialina area	Michel Arligue specimen and photo
Vakinankaratra Betafo District Andrembesoa ⓘ Antananolofotsy	Knut Edvard Larsen pers.com 2009 & ...

Malawi
Southern Region Balaka ⓘ Kangankunde Carbonatite Complex	Orris et al. (2002)

Mexico
Chihuahua Manuel Benavides Municipality San Carlos ⓘ Apex mine	Hewitt +1 other reference

Morocco
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra Region Khémisset Province Oulmès Cercle ⓘ El Karit	Blamart et al. (1992)
Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima Region Chefchaouen Province ⓘ Beni Bousera massif	El Bakili et al. (2020)

Mozambique
Zambezia Province ⓘ Moebase mineral sands deposit	Pathfinder Minerals plc
ⓘ Naburi mineral sands deposit	Pathfinder Minerals plc

Myanmar
Mandalay Region Kyaukse District Kyaukse Township ⓘ Shantaung-U - Thandawmywet Range	Maung Thein & Soe Win (1970)
Shan State Loilen District ⓘ Mong Hsu Township (Möng Hsu; Monghsu; Mong Hsu; Maing Hsu)	Kyaw Khaing Win (2004)

Namibia
Erongo Region Walvis Bay Rural ⓘ Gorob Mine	... +3 other references

Nepal
P1 Koshi Pradesh ⓘ Solukhumbu District	M. P. Searle et al. (2003)
P4 Gandaki Pradesh Mustang District ⓘ Kali Gandaki Gorge	Carosi et al. (2014)

New Zealand
Chatham Islands ⓘ Pitt Island	Smale D. 1982. Heavy minerals from ...
Southland Region Southland District Fiordland National Park ⓘ Dusky Sound	Ward (1984)

Niger
Tillabéri Téra Dibilo East Dibilo ⓘ Lithium pegmatite	Goodenough et al. (2025)

Nigeria
Nasarawa ⓘ Keffi	Cao et al. (2024)

North Macedonia
Prilep Municipality Selečka Mountain ⓘ Staro Bonče village	Jovanovski

Norway
Agder Arendal Hisøy Havsøysund ⓘ UHT granulite outcrop	Kihle et al. (2010)
Akershus Nesodden Nesoddtangen ⓘ Fjordvangen	Reykdal (2022)
Buskerud Kongsberg ⓘ Kisgruva
Innlandet Tynset Kvikne Mines ⓘ Segen Gottes Mine	Nilsen et al. (1972)
Møre og Romsdal Sande ⓘ Sandsøya	Root et al. (2005)
Nordland Alstahaug Sandnessjøen Grytfoten Mountain ⓘ Staurolite locality	Holstad (2006) +1 other reference
Fauske Sulitjelma ⓘ Staurolite schists	Henley (1970)
Gildeskål ⓘ Oterstrand	Reykdal (2022)
ⓘ Seglvatn	Bergen Museum +1 other reference
Hamarøy ⓘ Rekvatn	collection Øivind Thoresen.
Tiltvika ⓘ Garnet occurrence	Jim Engan
Hemnes Bleikvasslia ⓘ Bleikvassli Mine	Vokes (1962) +1 other reference
Meløy ⓘ Grønnøya	Østergaard (1969)
ⓘ Sapphirine occurrence	Østergaard (1969)
Rana ⓘ Raudsandhaugen Base Metal Prospects	Bjerkgård et al. (2013)
Saltdal ⓘ Saltdalen	Reykdal (2022)
ⓘ Salten	Kvamsdal (1985)
Sømna ⓘ Kvaløya	Gustavson (1976)
Sørfold Buvika ⓘ Buviknakken	Kvamsdal (1985)
Vefsn Seljelia ⓘ Upper millstone quarry	Reykdal (2022)
Østfold Halden ⓘ Solbrekke	Reykdal (2022)
Rogaland Sauda ⓘ Birkeland mines (Sauda mines)	Bryhni (1993)
Svalbard Prins Karls Forland ⓘ Pinkie unit	Kośmińska et al. (2015)
Troms og Finnmark Hasvik Breivik ⓘ Kyanite occurrence	- (2004)
ⓘ Sørsandfjorden	Michalsen (2000)
ⓘ Stupa	Michalsen (2010)
Nordreisa Vaddas-Rieppe ore field ⓘ Doaresgaissa	- (1997)
ⓘ Øvre Lankavarre	- (1997)
Tromsø ⓘ Nakkefjell	Coker-Dewey et al. (2000)
Trøndelag Holtålen Haltdalen ⓘ Rødhammeren Mine	Nilsen (1971)
Hessdalen ⓘ Rognfjell	Bøe (1974)
Lierne Kvesjøen ⓘ Storhammaren	Bucher et al. (2005)
Meråker ⓘ Kvernfjellet	Larsen et al. (2013)
Oppdal ⓘ Drivdalen	Witsø (1995)
ⓘ Kongsvoll	Witsø (1995)
Selbu ⓘ Høgfjellet	Grav (2014) +1 other reference
ⓘ Tydalsfjella	Nordrum (2005)
Vestland Alver Radøy ⓘ Hilland Mine	Porter (2014)
Stad Selje Liset ⓘ Liset eclogite pod	Smith et al. (1986)

Pakistan
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province Mansehra District Kaghan Valley Naran ⓘ Sapat Gali	Jan et al. (1993)

Papua New Guinea
Morobe Province ⓘ Hidden Valley Gold Silver Mine	Harmony Gold
ⓘ Hidden Valley Pit	Nelson et al. (1988)

Poland
Lower Silesian Voivodeship ⓘ Bóbr river alluvial deposits	Błocisz et al. (2015)
Karkonosze County Gmina Stara Kamienica ⓘ Mała Kamienica	Lis et al. (1986)
Kłodzko County Gmina Kłodzko Święcko ⓘ Goliniec limestone quarry	Lis et al. (1986)
Gmina Lądek-Zdrój ⓘ Lądek Zdrój	Lis et al. (1986)
Gmina Lewin Kłodzki ⓘ Darnków	Lis et al. (1986)
Gmina Międzylesie ⓘ Gniewoszów	Lis et al. (1986)
Gmina Stronie Śląskie Bielice ⓘ Mount Kowadło	Lis et al. (1986)
Lubań County Gmina Leśna Leśna ⓘ Brusznik stream alluvials	Lis et al. (1986)
ⓘ Wolimierz	Lis et al. (1986)
Gmina Olszyna ⓘ Bożkowice	Lis et al. (1986)
Lwówek Śląski County Gmina Lwówek Śląski ⓘ Lwówek Śląski	Lis et al. (1986)
Mojesz ⓘ Gravel pit	Lis et al. (1986)
Gmina Mirsk Giebułtów ⓘ Augustów	Lis et al. (1986)
ⓘ Krobica	Lis et al. (1986)
Wałbrzych County ⓘ Jedlina-Zdrój	Lis et al. (1986)
Wrocław County Gmina Kobierzyce Kobierzyce ⓘ Kobierzyce 2/IX borehole	Lis et al. (1986)
Owsianka ⓘ AMINv K-1 borehole	Dera et al. (2023)
Ząbkowice Śląskie County Gmina Ciepłowody ⓘ Kobyla Głowa	Lis et al. (1986)
ⓘ Unnamed quarry	Lis et al. (1986)
Gmina Złoty Stok Jawornik Wielki ⓘ Micaceouos schists outcrop	Lis et al. (1986)
Opole Voivodeship Nysa County ⓘ Gmina Głuchołazy	Wierchowiec 2011 +1 other reference
Głuchołazy Biała Głuchołaska river ⓘ Au mines	Lis et al. (1986)
ⓘ Biała Głuchołaska gorge	Lis et al. (1986)
ⓘ East bank locality	Lis et al. (1986)
Grędówka Mountain ⓘ Quartzite occurrences	Lis et al. (1986)
ⓘ Opawskie Mountains	Husak (2010)
Silesian Voivodeship Pszczyńa County ⓘ Mizerów peat bog	Szopa +4 other references
ⓘ Strumień peat bog	Szopa +4 other references

Portugal
Aveiro Arouca ⓘ Albergaria da Serra	Alves (n.d.)
ⓘ Freita Mountain
Cabreiros e Albergaria da Serra Albergaria da Serra ⓘ Mizarela	Nunes (n.d.)
Porto ⓘ Espinho	Rui Nunes
Gondomar ⓘ Fânzeres	Nunes (n.d.)
Vila Real Boticas Dornelas ⓘ Lousas aplite-pegmatite	Novák et al. (2009)

Romania
Alba County Pianu ⓘ Pianu de Sus	Udubaşa G. et al. (2004)
Maramureș County Târgu Lăpuș ⓘ Răzoare	Udubasa et al. (1996) +1 other reference
Sibiu County Făgăraș Mountains ⓘ Cr-lawsonite occurrence	Negulescu et al. (2012)
ⓘ Sebeşu de Sus (Oltfelsősebes)	Szakáll (2004)
Lotru-Cibin Mountains ⓘ Contu-Negovanu Pegmatite Field	al României (2003) +2 other references

Russia
Amur Oblast Oktyabrsky District ⓘ Erkovetsky lignite deposit	Rozhdestvina et al. (2024)
Buryatia Mama River Basin ⓘ Mama mica mines	Luís Costa Collection - F4E-QA6
Chelyabinsk Oblast Miass ⓘ Kisegach massif	Korinevsky et al. (2021)
Plastovsky District Plast ⓘ Borisovskie Sopki kyanite deposit (incl. Kyanitovaya pit)	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.) +1 other reference
Kochkar' District ⓘ Svetlinskoe quartz deposit	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
ⓘ Voroninskie staurolite pits ("Staurolite pits")	S.Kolesnichenko
ⓘ Sanarka River	Mason (1976)
Irkutsk Oblast ⓘ Goltsovoe Li deposit (Gol'tsy; Goltsovskoe)	webmineral.ru (2021)
Narin-Kunta ⓘ Birkhin gabbro massif (Ozernovskii)	Lazic et al. (2011)
Komi Republic Kozhim River Basin Maldynyrd range (Maldy-nyrd range) ⓘ Al'kesvozh river canyon (Al'kes-vozh)	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
ⓘ Chudnoe Pd-Au deposit	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Grubependity Lake ⓘ Grubependity Lake cirque	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Timan Range ⓘ Autumn prospect	Grakova O.V. (2015)
ⓘ Ichet'yu placer	Grakova O.V. (2015)
Krasnoyarsk Krai Enisei Range (Yenisei Ridge; Enisei Ridge) ⓘ Olimpiada Mine	Silyanov et al. (2021)
Severo-Yeniseysky District ⓘ Kondakovo Deposit	Rundqvist (1997)
ⓘ Mayakon area	Sokol et al. (2023)
Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug Taimyr Peninsula ⓘ Konechnoe ore cluster	Proskurnin et al. (2011, December)
ⓘ Moscow	Пекин (2010) +1 other reference
ⓘ Krylatskoye (Krylatskie Hills)	Пекин (2010) +1 other reference
ⓘ Savkin gully	Пекин (2010) +1 other reference
Moscow Oblast Dmitrovsky District ⓘ Dmitrovskie Quarries	Volarovich et al. (1991)
ⓘ Iksha	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.) +1 other reference
Murmansk Oblast Lovozersky District Keivy Mountains ⓘ Pestsovye Keivy
ⓘ Semiostrov'e	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
ⓘ Shuururta mine	Neradovskiy et al. (2011)
Republic of Karelia Kostomuksha City District ⓘ Kostomuksha Fe deposit	Kuleshevich et al. (2008)
ⓘ Lake Jänisjärvi	Zamiatina et al. (2022)
Loukhsky District ⓘ Elet'ozerskii massif	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
ⓘ Khit Ostrov (Khit Island)	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Khizovaar ore field ⓘ Khizovara kyanite deposit	Frank K. Mazdab collection +2 other references
ⓘ Vysota-181 deposit	Никифоров (2018)
Oulanka plutonic complex Olanga River (Oulanka River) ⓘ Lukkulaisvaara ultrabasic Massif (Lukkulaisvaara pluton; Lukkulaisvaara layered intrusion)	A. Yu. Barkov et al. +1 other reference
ⓘ Nadezhda PGM deposit	Barkov et al. (2001) +1 other reference
Tedino Dyadino lake ⓘ Dyadina Gora	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Pitkyarantsky District ⓘ Hamekoski occurrence	Rychanchik D.V.
Sortavala City District Ruskeala ⓘ Kontio-Leppälahti (Kontioleppalaks)	Om maltesit en kiastolitartad andalnsitvarietet från östra Finland Af JJ Sederholm. Forhandlingar / Geologiska foreningen (Sweden)
Suojärvi District ⓘ Roikonkoski	Ivashchenko et al. (2008)
Ryazan Oblast ⓘ Briketno-Zheltukhinskoe deposit	Kailachakov et al. (2020)
ⓘ Sakha	[World of Stones 12:49]
Olyokminsky District ⓘ Tarynnakh deposit	USGS Open File Report 2005-1252 p11
Stavropol Krai ⓘ Beshpagir Ti-Zr deposit	Boiko (2004)
ⓘ Grachev Ti-Zr deposit	Boiko (2004)
ⓘ Kombulat Ti-Zr deposit	Boiko (2004)
Tambov Oblast ⓘ Tsentral'noe Ti-Zr deposit	Patyk-Kara et al. (2008)
ⓘ Ural Economic Region
Ural Mountains ⓘ Polar Urals	Hyršl (1992)

Slovakia
Bratislava Region Bratislava ⓘ Bratislava I	Koděra et al. (1986)
Bratislava IV Záhorská Bystrica ⓘ Hrubá Pleš	Uher (2009)
Pezinok District Dubová ⓘ Dubová calcsilicate outcrops	Koděra et al. (1986)
Limbach ⓘ Limbach Brook	Uher et al. (2006) +1 other reference
Pezinok ⓘ Kolársky vrch deposit	Koděra et al. (1986)
Slnečné Valley ⓘ Alluvial placers	Uher et al. (n.d.)
ⓘ Hrebeň	Uher et al. (2009)
Žilina Region Liptovský Mikuláš District Jalovec ⓘ Jalovec occurrence	Kahan Š. (1968)

Somalia
Jubaland Autonomous Region Lower Juba Region (Jubbada Hoose Gobol) ⓘ Jumba (Jumboo)	Artini (1915)

South Africa
Free State Fezile Dabi District Municipality ⓘ Vredefort impact structure	Gibson R (2008)
KwaZulu-Natal King Cetshwayo District Municipality ⓘ Richards Bay	Ware (2001)
Limpopo Capricorn District Municipality Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipality Mount Bollatswhene ⓘ Hoogenoeg Andalusite Mine	Siegers et al. (1991)
Mopani District Municipality Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality ⓘ Murchison Greenstone Belt	JAGUIN et al. (2012)
Northern Cape ⓘ Namakwa District Municipality	Cairncross et al. (1995)
Khâi-Ma Local Municipality Aggeneys ⓘ Black Mountain (Swartberg mine)	Kim Cawood et al. (2020)
ⓘ Gamsberg zinc mine	Cairncross et al. (1995)

Spain
Andalusia Almería Níjar Cerro de los Tornajos (North slope) Camino de los Majuelos ⓘ Schist outcrops	Foro FMF
Tabernas ⓘ Schist outcrops	Goffé +3 other references
Córdoba Hornachuelos Sierra Albarrana ⓘ Cerro de la Sal quarry
Granada Otívar ⓘ Schist outcrops	[var: Zinc-bearing Staurolite] Azañón et al. (1997)
Málaga Cártama ⓘ Arroyo de Torres	Alejandro Sánchez Jiménez
Torrox ⓘ Torrox unit	Ruiz Cruz et al. (2014)
ⓘ Nevado-Filábride Complex	Puga et al. (2025)
Castile and Leon Salamanca Aldehuela de la Bóveda ⓘ Aldehuela de la Bóveda pegmatite	Roda et al. (2001)
Garcirrey ⓘ Julita quarry (Cañada pegmatite)	Encarnación Roda-Robles (2007)
Community of Madrid Cervera de Buitrago El Atazar reservoir ⓘ Peña de la Hoz outcrop	Jiménez Martínez et al. (I)
ⓘ Montejo de la Sierra	Martins da Pedra specimen
ⓘ Las Majadas	www.foro-minerales.com (n.d.)
ⓘ Loma de Enmedio	www.foro-minerales.com (n.d.)
Puentes Viejas ⓘ Serrada de la Fuente	Collection of Geominero Museum (Madrid)
Galicia A Coruña Santiago de Compostela Aríns ⓘ Fornás Mine	Pascual +2 other references
Touro ⓘ Fornas deposit	[var: Zinc-bearing Staurolite] ATLANTI et al. (1983)
ⓘ Touro Copper Project	Arias et al. (2021)
ⓘ Arienteiro deposit	Williams (1983)
ⓘ Bama deposit	Williams (1983a) +1 other reference
Pontevedra Forcarei ⓘ Forcarei South pegmatite field	Fuertes Fuente et al. (1998)
ⓘ Lamasgalán wind farm	Calvo Rebollar (2018)
Lalín ⓘ Lalín pegmatite field	Calvo Rebollar (2018)

Sri Lanka
Sabaragamuwa Province Ratnapura District Ratnapura ⓘ Gem gravels	Ceylon Aluvial Mine (Book, Co. 2002)

Sudan
Northern State ⓘ Duweishat gold mine	Fuganti et al. (1991)

Sweden
Dalarna County Falun ⓘ Falun mine	Lasskogen (2010)
ⓘ Kalvbäck mine
Hedemora Garpenberg ⓘ Garpenberg Södra Mine	Öhman et al. (2000)
Leksand ⓘ Flobergsgruvan
Ludvika Saxberget ore field ⓘ Saxberget Mine
Smedjebacken ⓘ Väster Silvberg	Wilke (1976)
ⓘ Dammberg Mine
ⓘ Stollberg orefield	33 IGC excursion No 12 +1 other reference
Värmland County Arvika Stavnäs ⓘ Stömne	Jongejan et al. (1949)
Filipstad ⓘ Nordmark Odal Field	Gatedal (n.d.)
Torsby ⓘ Hålsjöberg	Grensman (1989)
Västerbotten County Norsjö ⓘ Bjurträsk	E. Grip& R. Frietsch (1973) +1 other reference

Switzerland
Grisons Maloja Region Bregaglia Upper Val Bregaglia Castasegna ⓘ Casnaggina Valley	Bedogné et al. (1995)
Moesa Region Mesocco ⓘ Trescolmen whiteschist outcrop	Meyre et al. (1999)
ⓘ Zapporthorn whiteschist outcrop	Meyre et al. (1999)
Soazza ⓘ Alpe di Boggio (Alp de Bec)	Kündig (1926) +1 other reference
Prättigau/Davos Region ⓘ Davos	Stalder et al. (1998)
ⓘ Ticino	Mason (1976)
Blenio Blenio Valley Santa Maria Valley Acquacalda ⓘ Brönich	Stalder et al. (1998)
Camperio ⓘ Dötra	Stalder et al. (1998)
Leventina Bedretto Ossasco Cristallina Valley Torta Valley ⓘ Cristallina Pass	Stalder et al. (1998)
ⓘ Central St Gotthard Massif	Mason (1976)
Faido Chironico Valley ⓘ Sponda Alp - Pizzo Forno	Schnorrer (1995) +2 other references
Piumogna Valley ⓘ Géra Alp	Stalder et al. (1998)
Locarno Centovalli ⓘ Borgnone	Niggli et al. (1965)
ⓘ Cappellette	Niggli et al. (1965)
ⓘ Corcapolo	Niggli et al. (1965)
ⓘ Verdasio	Niggli et al. (1965)
Valais Goms Binn Albrunhorn - Turbhorn area ⓘ Ofenhorn	Stalder et al. (1998)
ⓘ Oxefeld	Stalder et al. (1998)
Leuk Turtmann-Unterems Turtmann Valley ⓘ ~~Brunegg pass~~	[var: Zinc-bearing Staurolite] Stalder et al. (1998)

Tanzania
Arusha Region Ngorongoro district ⓘ Loliondo	Wildner et al. (2013)

Thailand
Kanchanaburi Province Bo Phloi District Bo Phloi ⓘ Gem mines	Khamloet et al. (2014)

Turkey
Eskişehir Province ⓘ Sivrihisar Massif	Whitney (2002)
İzmir Province Ödemiş District ⓘ Elmacýgediði area	Akiska et al. (2008)

Uganda
Western Region Ntungamo Ankole pegmatite field ⓘ Nyanga pegmatite	von Knorring et al. (1979)

UK
England Cornwall Landewednack ⓘ Pistil Ogo	Golley et al. (1995)
Merseyside Wirral ⓘ Thurstaston Beach	Day (1999)
Scotland Angus Edzell ⓘ Glen Esk	Lewerentz (2014)
Highland North， West and Central Sutherland ⓘ Clachtol	Render (n.d.)
Scourie ⓘ Creag a Mhail	Render (n.d.)
Shetland Islands ⓘ Unst	Rutley (1902)

Ukraine
Zaporizhia Oblast Berdyansk Raion Middle Berda River Rodionovskoe pegmatite field ⓘ Krutaya Balka pegmatite	Shatalov (2017)
ⓘ Mriya lamproite pipe	YATSENKO et al. (2020)
Zhytomyr Oblast Korosten Raion ⓘ Perzhanskoe ore field (Perga Be deposit)	Liventseva (n.d.)
Zhytomyr Raion ⓘ Khoroshiv Raion (Volodarsk-Volynskii)	Lyckberg et al. (2009)

USA
Alabama Choctaw County ⓘ Unnamed locations (2)	Dean (1995)
Clay County ⓘ Poe Bridge Mountain	Cook et al. (1982)
Cleburne County ⓘ First Woods prospect (Old Woods Mine)	Dean (1995)
ⓘ South Central portion of Cleburne County	Cook et al. (1982)
Coosa County ⓘ Goodwater	Cook et al. (1982)
Elmore County ⓘ Kowaliga	Dean (1995)
Montgomery County ⓘ Montgomery District	Dean (1995)
Randolph County ⓘ Heard group	Cook et al. (1982)
ⓘ Swan Hill	Cook et al. (1982)
Alaska Fairbanks North Star Borough Fairbanks Mining District ⓘ Rhyolite Prospect	Cameron (2000)
Arizona Coconino County ⓘ Lone Tree Canyon	Campbell (1936) +2 other references
Maricopa County Phoenix Phoenix Mountains ⓘ Piestewa Peak area	[var: Zinc-bearing Staurolite] Anthony et al. (1995)
Yavapai County ⓘ Bradshaw Mountains (Bradshaw Range)	Galbraith (1959)
White Picacho Mining District Independence Gulch ⓘ Midnight Owl Mine	Meeves et al. (1966)
Wickenburg Mountains Black Canyon Mining District Cleator ⓘ Cleator area	Anthony et al. (1995)
California Imperial County Cargo Muchacho Mountains Cargo Muchacho Mining District (Hedges Mining District; Ogilby Mining District) Obregon ⓘ Vitrefrax Hill (Bluebird Hill)	www.mineralsocal.org (1999)
Inyo County Amargosa Range Black Mountains ⓘ Badwater Turtleback core complex	[var: Zinc-bearing Staurolite] Whitney et al. (1993)
Panamint Range (Panamint Mountains) Panamint Mining District (Ballarat Mining District) Ballarat ⓘ Unnamed Staurolite occurrence [1]	Murphy (1932) +3 other references
Mariposa County Green Mountain Mining District (Ben Hur Mining District) Green Mountain ⓘ Good View Mine (Goodview Mine; Copper King claim; Copper King and M. S. Mine; Little Giant claim; Stonewall Jackson claim; Crown Point claim; San Jose claim; Rothschild claim; S. A. claim; Sunset claim)	Kent England
Stanislaus County Black Wonder Mining District Copper Mountain ⓘ Del Puerto Canyon (Arroyo del Puerto)	Hawkes +2 other references
Colorado Chaffee County Sedalia Mining District ⓘ Sedalia Mine (Sedalia Copper Mine)	U.S. Geological Survey Professional ... +1 other reference
Turret Mining District ⓘ Independence Mine	Berke et al. (2023)
Fremont County ⓘ Wilson Park	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Gooseberry Gulch Formation	Eckel et al. (1997)
Gunnison County ⓘ Gateview quadrangle	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Gold Brick Mining District	Journal of Petrology (1991)
ⓘ White Earth Mining District (Powderhorn Mining District)	Eckel et al. (1997)
Jefferson County Evergreen Mining District (Malachite Mining District) ⓘ Evergreen area	Spry et al. (2022)
Morrison Area ⓘ Morrison quadrangle	Eckel et al. (1997)
Ralston Buttes Mining District ⓘ Ladwig Group (Ladwig No. 2; Ladwig No. 3; Claims: Ladwig No. 1)	USGS Open-File Report 79-1615
La Plata County ⓘ Quartzite Mountains	Eckel et al. (1997)
Larimer County ⓘ Big Thompson Canyon Area	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Fish Creek	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Glen Haven Quadrangle	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Masonville Mining District	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Buckhorn Box Canyon	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Milner Mountain	Eckel et al. (1997)
Moffat County ⓘ Red Creek Quartzite ?	Eckel et al. (1997)
Park County Guffey Mining District ⓘ Betty Mine (Lone Chimney Mine; Betty Lowe)	Spry et al. (2022)
Routt County Hahns Peak Mining District (Columbine Mining District) ⓘ Hahns Peak Saddle	Eckel et al. (1997)
Connecticut Fairfield County Brookfield ⓘ U. S. Route 7 Expressway (Danbury line to Iron Works District)	Januzzi (1994) +1 other reference
Easton ⓘ Twin Bridges
Fairfield ⓘ The Cascades	Jeremy Zolan
Newtown Hawleyville ⓘ Sky Ridge railroad cut ?	Januzzi et al. (1976)
ⓘ Interstate 84 road cuts (Route 6A bypass)	Weber et al. (1995)
Redding Branchville ⓘ Fillow Quarry ?	Brush and Dana (1878)
Redding Glen ⓘ Curtis prospect	Manchester (1931)
Hartford County Canton ⓘ Ratlum Mountain	dep.state.ct.us (2004)
Glastonbury ⓘ Birch Mountain Road	Moritz (n.d.)
ⓘ Diamond Lake locality	www.treasuremountainmining.com +1 other reference
East Glastonbury ⓘ Brack Gem prospect (Brack prospect)	Jarnot (1995)
ⓘ Granby	John Burnham
Marlborough ⓘ State Route 2 roadcut	Schooner (1958)
Litchfield County Barkhamsted ⓘ Corundum and grossular locality	Emerson (1902)
ⓘ Harwinton	Robinson (1825)
Litchfield ⓘ Coe's Mine (Sedgewick and Buell mine; Kyanite and ilmenite locality)	Moritz (n.d.)
ⓘ State Route 118 Bantam River bridge	Moritz (n.d.)
ⓘ Town Farm Road	Gold (1838) +3 other references
Roxbury ⓘ Berry Road kyanite locality	Former Ed Force collection.
ⓘ Green's Farm locality (Roxbury garnet mine; Roxbury Falls garnet mine; Garnet Hill)	Yedlin (1947) +1 other reference
Thomaston ⓘ Reynolds Bridge	Yedlin (1964)
Thomaston Dam ⓘ Thomaston Dam railroad cut	Januzzi et al. (1976)
Torrington ⓘ Highland Avenue	Harold Moritz Collection
ⓘ Rossi Road	Weber et al. (1995)
Washington ⓘ Quartz mine (Judd's Bridge kyanite locality)	Januzzi et al. (1976) +1 other reference
Watertown ⓘ State Route 8 interchange 34 (formerly 37)	Yedlin (1964)
Middlesex County East Hampton Airline Railroad ⓘ ~~Linkpot cut~~	Zodac (1940)
Cobalt ⓘ Great Hill cobalt mines	Gray (2005)
Middle Haddam ⓘ Garnet prospect	Schooner (1958)
ⓘ Nathan Hall Quarry	Daniel J. Kimball
Portland Collins Hill ⓘ Dimension stone quarry	Schooner (1955)
Strickland pegmatite ⓘ Strickland Quarry	Anthony Albini collection.
New Haven County Beacon Falls ⓘ Barrett Brothers Quarry (D and J Quarry)	Specimens collected by Jeremy Zolan in ...
ⓘ Oxford	Robinson (1825)
ⓘ Southbury	Robinson (1825)
New London County Colchester Westchester ⓘ Lyman Viaduct at Dickinson Creek	Jarnot & Jarnot (2004)
ⓘ Tolland County	Ransom (1974)
Bolton ⓘ Bolton Notch	Robinson (1825)
ⓘ Stafford	Dana 4:262 (1854)
ⓘ Tolland	Robinson (1825) +1 other reference
ⓘ Gerber Drive road cuts	Skehan (2008)
ⓘ Vernon	Dana 4:262 (1854)
Willington ⓘ Becker Quarry	Ague (1995)
Windham County ⓘ Sterling	Former Ed Force collection.
ⓘ District of Columbia (Washington D.C.)	Bernstein (1976)
NW Washington ⓘ Rock Creek Park	Bernstein (1976)
ⓘ Bingham branch	Bernstein (1980)
ⓘ Gneiss outcrop	Bernstein (1980)
Florida ⓘ Bradford County	David A. Dearsty. (1991)
Brevard County ⓘ Melbourne-Palm Bay Placer	- (2005)
Clay County ⓘ Jacksonville Mining District	Eric R. Force (1991)
ⓘ Green Cove Springs deposit	Orris et al. (2002)
Duval County ⓘ Atlantic Beach	Miller (1945)
ⓘ Humphries Gold Corp Mine	Miller (1945)
Flagler County Matanzas Inlet ⓘ Beach alluvials	Miller (1945)
Hillsborough County Tampa Tampa Bay ⓘ Tampa Bay beach alluvials	Miller (1945)
Indian River County ⓘ Vero Beach Placer	Miller (1945)
Nassau County ⓘ Yulee deposit	Econ Geol (1984)
Pinellas County ⓘ Clearwater Beach alluvials	Miller (1945)
Polk County ⓘ Central Florida Phosphate Mining District (Bone Valley)	Marc V. Hurst (2012)
Santa Rosa County ⓘ East Bay alluvials	Miller (1945)
ⓘ Pensacola Bay Placer	Miller (1945)
Santa Rosa Island ⓘ Beach alluvials	Miller (1945)
ⓘ Western Pensacola Bay alluvials	Miller (1945)
St. Johns County ⓘ Guana River State Park	Miller (1945)
ⓘ Southern St Johns County beach alluvials	Miller (1945)
St. Lucie County Fort Pierce ⓘ Beach alluvials	Miller (1945)
Georgia Camden County ⓘ Cabin Bluff deposit	Econ Geol (1991)
Charlton County Folkston ⓘ Folkston West Deposit	Econ Geol (1993)
Cherokee County Ball Ground Mining District ⓘ Ball Ground	Cook (1978)
Bluff Creek ⓘ J. M. Spear farm	Cook (1978)
ⓘ Sharp Mountain Creek	Cook (1978)
Canton ⓘ Canton Mine (Rich mine)
Douglas County Villa Rica ⓘ Villa Rica Mine (Sulfur Mining & Railroad Company Pyrite Mine)	Rocks & Min.: 64:194.
ⓘ Fannin County	Mason (1976)
Blue Ridge ⓘ J. Fred Hackney property	King (n.d.)
ⓘ Epworth	Cook (1978)
Mineral Bluff ⓘ C. S. Ray property	Cook (1978)
ⓘ Coles Crossing	Cook (1978)
ⓘ E. D. Richards property	Cook (1978)
Hart County ⓘ Flat Shoals Church	Cook (1978)
ⓘ Goldmine	Cook (1978)
Lumpkin County Dahlonega Auraria ⓘ Battle Branch Mine	Cook (1987)
Pickens County Holcomb ⓘ Partain prospects	Heinrich et al. (1953)
Rabun County ⓘ Laurel Creek complex	Helms et al. (1987)
ⓘ Towns County	- (1917)
ⓘ Union County	- (1917)
Upson County Thomaston ⓘ Dolly Cherry property	Cook (1978)
Warren County ⓘ Little River Series	Cook (1978)
ⓘ Norwood	Cook (1978)
Wayne County ⓘ Amelia deposit	Econ Geol (1993)
Idaho Benewah County ⓘ Carpenter Creek	Ream (2004)
Clearwater County Orofino Mining District ⓘ Orofino Creek Anthophyllite occurrence	Hietanen
Lemhi County ⓘ Lemhi Pass Mining District	USGS PP1049-A (Staatz,1979)
ⓘ No. 31 Thorium Deposit	- (2005)
Shoshone County ⓘ Angle Point	Ream (1995)
ⓘ Bathtub Mountain	Ream (1995)
ⓘ Blackdome Peak	Ream (1995)
ⓘ Goat Mountain	Ream (1995)
ⓘ Junction Peak	Ream (1995)
ⓘ Lookout Mountain	Ream (2004)
ⓘ Papoose Creek	Ream (1995)
ⓘ Papoose Mountain	Ream (2004)
ⓘ Peggy Peak	Ream (1995)
Valley County ⓘ Smith Creek Hydraulic Company Placer (Pebble Claim)	- (2005)
Illinois Alexander County ⓘ Fayville	Kolata et al. (1981)
Pulaski County ⓘ Olmsted	Andrew R. Thomas and Haydn H.Murray (1989)
Kentucky Elliott County ⓘ Elliott County kimberlite	Eastern Kentucky University +1 other reference
Maine Cumberland County Gorham ⓘ Dundee Falls Kyanite locality	King (n.d.)
ⓘ Gambo Falls Staurolite locality
ⓘ Warren Mill Canal locality
Harpswell ⓘ Bombazine Island	...
Windham ⓘ Cook Road Staurolite locality	King et al. (1994)
ⓘ Unnamed Pegmatite locality	Dana's textbook of mineralogy 4th ...
Franklin County ⓘ Chesterville	King (n.d.)
ⓘ Sandy River outcrops	King (n.d.)
Kennebec County Winthrop ⓘ Lake Maranacook Staurolite locality
ⓘ Towle "Gold" mine
Knox County Appleton ⓘ Appleton Ridge	King (2000)
ⓘ Camden	Morrill & Hinckley
Union ⓘ Appleton Ridge	King (2000)
Oxford County Byron ⓘ East Branch Swift River Gold locality	W. B. Thompson et al. (2005)
Newry ⓘ ~~Puzzle Mountain~~	Cheney et al. (1973)
Maryland Baltimore City ⓘ Jones Falls Quarries	Willams (1887)
Baltimore County ⓘ Bare Hills	collected by A.Mathauser
Cockeysville ⓘ Hunt Valley Mall outcrop	Beard (2015)
Rockland ⓘ Staurolite locality	Stuart Herring
Calvert County ⓘ Scientists Cliffs beach alluvials	Miller (1945)
ⓘ Harford County	USGS : Wissahickon Formation
Howard County ⓘ Tunnel Feldspar Mine	Bernstein (1980)
Montgomery County Bethesda ⓘ ~~Ayrlawn Park~~	cameron holden's collection
Silver Spring ⓘ Lamberton Branch locality	Bernstein (1980)
Massachusetts Berkshire County Windsor ⓘ Beuman Road Chloritoid Locality	Cheney et al. (1992)
Dukes County Martha's Vineyard Chilmark ⓘ Nashaquitsa Cliffs	Kaye et al. (1965)
Franklin County ⓘ Erving	Cristofono (n.d.)
ⓘ Leverett	Robinson (1825)
ⓘ New Salem	June 1987 +4 other references
Northfield ⓘ Sky Farm	www.treasuremountainmining.com
Hampden County Blandford ⓘ Blair Pond staurolite locality	Emerson (1895)
ⓘ Blandford mica mines	Michael W. Kieron collection
ⓘ Westfield	Brownlow (MIT thesis)
Hampshire County ⓘ Chesterfield	Ransom (1974)
Huntington (Norwich) ⓘ Walnut Hill Pegmatite prospect	Shaub (1954)
Worcester County ⓘ Boylston	Gleba (2008)
ⓘ Fitchburg	Peper
ⓘ Pearl Hill	Dana (1854)
ⓘ Lancaster	Gleba (2008)
Leominster ⓘ Long Hill	P Cristofono collection 2010
ⓘ Sterling	Robinson (1825)
ⓘ Worcester	Gleba (2008)
Michigan Baraga County ⓘ Imperial Heights	Heinrich et al. (2004)
Dickinson County ⓘ Michigamme formation	Heinrich et al. (2004)
ⓘ Iron County	Heinrich et al. (2004)
ⓘ Crystal Falls	Heinrich et al. (2004)
Mastodon Township Lake Mary Quadrangle ⓘ Michigamme Slate	Heinrich et al. (2004)
Paint River ⓘ Horserace Rapids	Heinrich et al. (2004)
ⓘ Peavey dam	Heinrich et al. (2004)
ⓘ Marquette County	Heinrich et al. (2004)
Champion Township Champion ⓘ Champion Mine	Rocks & Minerals: 61:328. +1 other reference
Humboldt Township ⓘ Unnamed location	collected by A.V. Heyl
Michigamme ⓘ Lake Michigamme (2)	Heinrich et al. (2004)
Republic Township Republic ⓘ Republic Mine	Heinrich et al. (2004)
ⓘ Unnamed schist locality	Heinrich et al. (2004)
Minnesota Morrison County Royalton ⓘ Blanchard Dam	R&M 31:2-3 pp 120-121
Montana Madison County Cherry Creek Mining District ⓘ Unnamed Kyanite Deposit (MRDS - 10246044)	Tucker (n.d.) +1 other reference
Park County ⓘ Crystal Cross Mountain	Tucker (n.d.) +1 other reference
ⓘ Stillwater Complex	USGS Prof Paper 999
Nevada Clark County ⓘ Virgin Mountains	Castor et al. (2004)
Nye County Bare Mountain Bare Mountain Mining District (Fluorine Mining District) ⓘ Beatty	Castor et al. (2004)
White Pine County Mount Moriah Mining District ⓘ Hampton Creek Canyon placer	- (1976)
ⓘ Hendrys Creek Canyon	Castor et al. (2004)
New Hampshire Cheshire County ⓘ Alstead	Robinson (1825)
Jaffrey ⓘ Monadnock Mountain	Thompson
Nelson ⓘ Osgood Graphite Mine	Rumble et al. (1988)
ⓘ Richmond	Schumacher and Robinson (6)
ⓘ Walpole	Morrill
ⓘ Westmoreland	Meyers et al. (1956)
ⓘ Park Hill	Meyers et al. (1956)
Grafton County ⓘ Canaan	Kohn et al. (1993)
Enfield ⓘ Montcalm School locality
ⓘ Franconia	Smith (2005)
Grafton ⓘ Ruggles Mine	Cameron et al. (1954) +1 other reference
Lisbon ⓘ Pond Hill locality	Betts (n.d.)
ⓘ Orford	Meyers et al. (1956)
ⓘ Archertown Brook Occurrences	Orange (1985)
ⓘ Blackberry Hill	Smith (2005)
ⓘ Cottonstone Mountain	Orange
ⓘ Eastman Ledges	Orange (1985)
ⓘ Northey Hill Line Occurrences	Orange (1985)
ⓘ Strawberry Hill	Smith (2005)
Sugar Hill ⓘ Garnet Hill locality
Ore Hill ⓘ Franconia Iron Mine	Rocks & Min.: 17:136-139.
Wentworth ⓘ Lower Baker Pond Brook Occurrences	Orange (1985)
Hillsborough County ⓘ Manchester	Yale Peabody Museum #5189
Merrimack County Salisbury ⓘ Boston Lead Mine	Rumble et al. (1988)
Rockingham County Raymond ⓘ Flint Hill	NMS
Strafford County ⓘ Rochester	Meyers et al. (1956)
Sullivan County Acworth ⓘ Cold River Staurolite locality
ⓘ Yuhas No. 1 Quarry	Cameron et al. (1954)
Charlestown ⓘ Hemlock Center	Smith (2005)
ⓘ Sams Hill	Kruger
Claremont ⓘ Green Mountain
ⓘ Cat Hole locality	Smith (2005)
ⓘ Meetinghouse locality
ⓘ Sargent Mine	Cameron et al. (1954) +1 other reference
Grantham ⓘ Staurolite locality
Newport ⓘ Chandlers Mill Quarry	Cameron et al. (1954)
ⓘ Unity	Jackson
New Jersey Morris County Chester Township ⓘ Tanners Brook monazite deposit	DoI Bur. of Mines ROI #6885 et al. (1967)
New Mexico Lincoln County Capitan Mountains ⓘ Capitan Mining District	Northrop et al. (1996)
ⓘ Manzano Mountains	Northrop et al. (1996)
ⓘ Rio Arriba County	Mason (1976)
ⓘ Ojo Caliente Mining District	Northrop et al. (1996)
ⓘ Prospect No. 3	Jahns (1946)
ⓘ Prospect No. 6	Jahns (1946)
ⓘ Petaca Mining District	Northrop et al. (1996)
ⓘ Kiowa View II	Schreyer et al. (1966)
Las Tablas Mesa de la Jarita ⓘ Big Rock deposit	Schreyer et al. (1966)
San Miguel County Cowles ⓘ Mora River	Specimen in the collection of Ray Grant (1973)
Taos County ⓘ Glenwoody District	Northrop et al. (1996)
ⓘ Picuris District	Northrop et al. (1996) +1 other reference
ⓘ Champion mine	Econ Geol. (1995)
ⓘ Hondo Canyon	Montgomery et al. (1953)
Torrance County ⓘ Manzano Mountains	- (2005)
ⓘ Pedernal Hills Mining District	4th Annual New Mexico Mineral Symposium (1985)
ⓘ New York	Manchester (1931)
Dutchess County ⓘ Town of Dover	NY State Museum spec. no. 428.9
New York City Manhattan (New York County) Washington Heights ⓘ Fort George (192nd Street & Audubon Avenue)	Russell +1 other reference
ⓘ World Trade Center Site	Merguerian (2010)
Rockland County ⓘ Stony Point (Woodbury)	Manchester (1931)
Westchester County Cortlandt Township Montrose ⓘ Crugers Emery Mine	Manchester (1931)
Verplanck ⓘ Verplanck Point	Manchester (1931)
ⓘ Peekskill	Manchester (1931)
North Carolina ⓘ Alleghany County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Ashe County	J.Robert Butler
Jefferson ⓘ Church Prospect	Wilson et al. (1978)
ⓘ NC 221 Bridge - New River Crossing Site	metamorphism and observation in ... +2 other references
ⓘ Cabarrus County	J.Robert Butler
Catawba County ⓘ Bowman Mine	- (n.d.)
ⓘ County Home Prospect	Wilson et al. (1978)
ⓘ Drum Mine	- (n.d.)
ⓘ Hefner Mine	- (n.d.)
ⓘ Smithwick Prospect	- (n.d.)
ⓘ Cherokee County	Genth (1891) +1 other reference
Brasstown ⓘ Snake Ridge	Jasun McAvoy
ⓘ Marble	Betts (n.d.)
ⓘ Hyatt Creek and Tributaries	Wilson et al. (1978)
ⓘ Parker Mine	Dana 6: 1075.
Unaka ⓘ Beaverdam Creek	Ransom (1974)
ⓘ Clay County	Genth (1891) +1 other reference
Cleveland County Gaffney ⓘ Camp Creek Monazite Placer South Tributary	- (2005)
Kings Mountain ⓘ Foote Lithium Co. Mine	Hanahan (1985)
ⓘ Davidson County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Franklin County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Graham County	Kish et al. (1974)
ⓘ Haywood County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Jackson County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Johnston County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Lincoln County	USGS Professional Paper 568 +1 other reference
ⓘ Macon County	Genth (1891)
ⓘ Bonanza Mine	Wilson et al. (1978)
Cowee Valley Ellijay Mining District Franklin Corundum Hill ⓘ Culsagee Mine	Ref.: Dana 6:499
ⓘ Winding Stair Gap Roadcut	EL-Shazley et al. (2011)
ⓘ Mason Mountain	Heinrich (1950)
ⓘ Madison County	Ransom (1974)
ⓘ Mecklenburg County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Nash County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Polk County	Ransom (1974)
ⓘ Rowan County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Rutherford County	USGS Professional Paper 568 +1 other reference
ⓘ Surry County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Swain County	Ransom (1974)
ⓘ Great Smoky Mountains	Mohr et al. (1983)
ⓘ Transylvania County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Union County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Vance County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Wake County	J.Robert Butler
ⓘ Warren County
Inez ⓘ Fowler Property	Wilson et al. (1978)
ⓘ Maple Branch	Zeitner (1968)
ⓘ Wilkes County	J.Robert Butler
Oklahoma ⓘ Murray County	Rocks & Min. vol. 72 (1997)
Pennsylvania ⓘ Delaware County	...
Middletown Township Elwyn ⓘ Mineral Hill	Gordon (1922)
Trainer ⓘ Marcus Hook Creek	King
Philadelphia County Lafayette Station ⓘ Prince's Soapstone Quarry	Samuel S. Gordon +1 other reference
Philadelphia ⓘ Fairmount Park	Gordon (1922)
ⓘ Wissahickon Valley	Gordon (1922)
Rhode Island Kent County ⓘ Coventry	Miller
Newport County ⓘ Jamestown	Robinson (1825) +1 other reference
ⓘ Jamestown Bridge staurolite locality	Grew et al. (1972)
ⓘ Portsmouth	AmMin 12:427-436
Providence County Johnston Graniteville ⓘ Bear Ledge quarry
Washington County North Kingstown Saunderstown ⓘ Stook Hill	Grew et al. (1972)
South Carolina Aiken County Aiken Kaolin Mining District ⓘ Aiken County deposit	- (2005)
ⓘ Horse Creek (Hollow Creek)	- (2005) +1 other reference
Beaufort County ⓘ Hilton Head Island	- (2005)
Cherokee County Gaffney Area ⓘ Headwaters Cole Creek Monazite Placer	- (2005)
ⓘ Headwaters Irene Creek Monazite Placer	- (2005)
ⓘ Northern Triburary Cherokee Creek Monazite Placer	- (2005)
ⓘ Northern Tributary Ross Creek Monazite Placer	- (2005)
ⓘ Sarratt Creek Monazite Placer	- (2005)
ⓘ Southern Trib Cherokee Creek Monazite Placer	- (2005)
ⓘ Thicketty Creek Monazite Placer Eastern Tributary	- (2005)
ⓘ Upper Cole Creek Monazite Placer	- (2005)
ⓘ Chesterfield County	Ransom (1974)
Kershaw County ⓘ Ancrum Ferry	- (2005)
ⓘ McCaskill Creek	- (2005)
Richland County ⓘ Otter Lake	- (2005)
ⓘ Sumters Landing	- (2005)
Sumter County ⓘ Gum Swamp	- (2005)
ⓘ Horatio	- (2005)
ⓘ Wateree River	- (2005)
ⓘ York County	Ransom (1974)
South Dakota Custer County Custer Mining District ⓘ Amphibolite	Smith et al. (2000)
Custer ⓘ Beecher Lode	Smith et al. (2000)
ⓘ Beecher No. 3	Redden (1959) +1 other reference
ⓘ Silver Dollar Mine	U.S. Geological Survey Professional ...
ⓘ Eureka Lode Prospect (Hultz)	Norton (1964) +1 other reference
ⓘ Oreville	Roberts et al. (1965)
Tenderfoot Gulch ⓘ Japanzy Mine (Tenderfoot Mine; Czar Mine)	Smith et al. (2000)
Unorganized mining district [1] ⓘ Red Spar Mine	USGS Prof Paper 297D
ⓘ US highway 16 roadside occurrence	E.L. Clopton collection
Pennington County Keystone Gold Mining District ⓘ Holy Terror Mine	Rocks & Min.:10:145-146.
Keystone Mining District Glendale ⓘ Eureka dike	U.S. Geological Survey Professional ...
Keystone ⓘ Bob Ingersoll Mine	- (2005)
ⓘ Hugo Mine	USGS Prof Paper 297B
ⓘ Peerless Mine	USGS Prof Paper 297A +1 other reference
ⓘ Sitting Bull pegmatite	Norton (1964) +1 other reference
ⓘ Tepee Gulch Area	Roberts et al. (1965)
ⓘ Rockerville	Smith et al. (2000)
Tennessee Henry County Western Tennessee Mining District ⓘ Oak Grove Deposit (Ethyl Corp. Deposit)	- (2005)
Polk County ⓘ Calloway Mine	Nesbitt et al. (1980)
Copperhill ⓘ Cherokee Mine (School property; Old Tennessee Mine)	Nesbitt et al. (1980) +1 other reference
ⓘ Copperhill Mine (Eureka Mine; Isabella Mine)	- (2005)
Ducktown ⓘ Boyd Mine (Culchote vein)	Nesbitt et al. (1980) +1 other reference
ⓘ Ducktown Mining District	Zeitner (1968)
ⓘ Hiwassee River	Allen Trotter specimens
ⓘ Mary Mine (Mary-Polk County Ore Body; Cities Service Company)	- (2005)
ⓘ Mill Creek Valley Staurolite locality	van Horn
ⓘ Polk County Mine (Mary-Polk County ore body; Tennessee Copper Company; Old Polk County; Cities Service Company)	- (2005)
Texas Blanco County White Creek ⓘ Packsaddle Formation	American Mineralogist
Burleson County ⓘ Yegua Creek Placer District	- (2005)
ⓘ Falkenburg-Blackburn prospect	- (2005)
Gillespie County ⓘ Northeast corner	Smith (1991)
Utah Daggett County Red Creek (Browns Park) ⓘ Red Creek Occurrence	- (2005)
ⓘ Yellow Canary Uranium deposit	USGS: Geological Survey Circular 312
Uinta Mountains ⓘ Red Creek complex	Bullock (1981)
Wayne County Caineville ⓘ Ferroan Sandstone Formation	Bullock (1981)
Vermont ⓘ Caledonia County	Rocks & Min. Vol. 71 (1996)
Orange County Vershire South Vershire ⓘ Ely Mine	Rocks & Min 71:330
Washington County ⓘ Cabot	Dana 4:262 (1854)
Windham County Putney ⓘ Bear Hill	Moore
ⓘ Rockingham	Morrill & Chaffee
ⓘ Bellows Falls	serc.carleton.edu (n.d.)
ⓘ Westminster	Robinson (1825)
Windsor County ⓘ Cavendish	Morrill & Chaffee
Chester ⓘ Gassetts	Amer. Mineral (1934)
ⓘ Route 103 road cuts	Grant
Norwich Mt Cube Quadrangle ⓘ Post Pond Volcanics	SPEAR (1982)
ⓘ Virginia	Virginia Minerals (1998)
ⓘ Appomattox County	Dietrich (1990)
Buckingham County Dillwyn ⓘ Tower Hill	Dietrich (1990)
Campbell County ⓘ Alta Vista	Dietrich (1990)
ⓘ Andalusite locality	Rocks & Minerals 63:6 pp446-453
ⓘ Rustburg	Dietrich (1990)
Carroll County Southern Section-Blue Ridge Province Gossan Lead Mining District Galax ⓘ US Highway 58 - 221 at VA highway 89	Dietrich (1990)
ⓘ Woodlawn	Dietrich (1990)
Charlotte County ⓘ Madisonville	Dietrich (1990)
Floyd County ⓘ Lynchburg Formation	Dietrich (1990)
Franklin County ⓘ Fork Mountain	Dietrich (1990)
Grayson County ⓘ Independence	Dietrich (1990)
ⓘ Gentry property	Dietrich (1990)
Southern Section-Blue Ridge Province Gossan Lead Mining District New River at Hampton Ford ⓘ Hampton Mine	Rocks & Min.:60:167.
Hanover County ⓘ Ashland	Dietrich (1990)
ⓘ Henry County	D. M. Schlegal (1959)
Bassett ⓘ Road cut	Dietrich (1990)
ⓘ Reds Creek Prospect	- (2005)
Ridgeway ⓘ Unnamed locality	Dietrich (1990)
ⓘ Smith River	Dietrich (1990)
Louisa County Gold-Pyrite Belt Mineral ⓘ Sulphur Mine (Crenshaw Mine; Victoria Furnace Mine)	- (2005)
ⓘ Patrick County	Mason (1976)
ⓘ Fairy Stone State Park	www.dcr.state.va.us/parks/fairyst.htm +1 other reference
Pittsylvania County Altavista ⓘ Old Woman Creek	Dietrich (1990)
Prince Edward County Farmville District Madisonville ⓘ Baker Mountain Mine	Dietrich (1990)
Rockingham County ⓘ State Highway 259 roadcut	Dietrich (1990)
Spotsylvania County Gold-Pyrite Belt ⓘ Valzinco Mine (Halladay Mine; Holloday Mine; Panaminus mine)	Dietrich (1990)
ⓘ Virginia Beach (City)	Dietrich (1990)
Washington Chelan County Lake Wenatchee ⓘ Rock Mountain	Cannon (1975)
Leavenworth Mining District ⓘ Chiwaukum Creek Staurolite Occurrence	Cannon (1975)
Okanogan County Wauconda Mining District ⓘ Wauconda Summit	Cannon (1975)
Skagit County Cascade Mining District Cascade River ⓘ Johnsburg Mine	Cannon (1975)
Snohomish County Darrington Mining District ⓘ Bedal Creek	Cannon (1975)
Index Mining District ⓘ Beckler River	Cannon (1975)
Monte Cristo Mining District ⓘ Cadet Creek	Cannon (1975)
Whatcom County Sisters Mining District ⓘ Ribbon Mine	Derkey et al. (1990, November)
Wisconsin Ashland County ⓘ Flambeau River	Mudrey et al. (1979)
Iron County ⓘ Powell kyanite Deposit (Manitowish Range Kyanite Occurrence)	Cordua (1998)
Jackson County ⓘ Jackson County Iron Mine (Black River Falls Mine; Ron Mound; Seven Mile Mound Mine; Red Mound)	Kimball et al. (1984) +1 other reference
Langlade County ⓘ Kempster	Cordua (1998)
Lincoln County ⓘ Merrill schist	Cordua (1998)
Marathon County ⓘ Hamburg schist	Cordua (1998)

Vietnam
Phú Thọ Province Thanh Son District ⓘ Thạch Khoán	Nguyôn et al. (2005)
ⓘ Unnamed pegmatite	Bac et al. (2018)

Zambia
Lusaka Province Rufunsa District ⓘ Lusakite occurrence	[var: Lusakite] Skerl et al. (1934)
North-Western Province Solwezi District ⓘ Kansanshi Mine	MacIntyre (2019)

Zimbabwe
Midlands Gweru District ⓘ Somabula	Rocks & Minerals (1955) +1 other reference
ⓘ Somabula Forest alluvial deposit	- (2011)

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Staurolite

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