| ⓘ Acanthite Formula: Ag2S |
| ⓘ Achyrophanite (TL) Formula: (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; et al. (2025) Achyrophanite, (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5, a New Mineral with the Novel Structure Type from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 15 (7). doi:10.3390/min15070706 |
| ⓘ Actinolite Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Aegirine Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6 References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda, Pekov, Igor, Britvin, Sergey, Koshlyakova, Natalia, Vigasina, Marina, Sidorov, Evgeny (2019) A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe3+Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron. Minerals, 9 (12) 770 doi:10.3390/min9120770 Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhitova, Elena S.; et al. (2026) Polyarsite, Na7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl, a New Mineral with Unique Complex Layers in the Novel-Type Crystal Structure. Minerals, 16 (2). doi:10.3390/min16020122 |
| ⓘ Aegirine-augite Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 |
| ⓘ Alarsite (TL) Formula: AlAsO4 Localities: Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia Colour: colorless aggregates with yellowish, pale green, and bluish tints Description: May occur as equant grains to 0.3 mm in diameter, some with poorly developed faces |
| ⓘ Albite Formula: Na(AlSi3O8) Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase Formula: (Na,K)AlSi3O8 Localities: Western paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaMountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSouthern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] References: Chayka, Ivan F., Baykov, Nikolay I., Kamenetsky, Vadim S., Kutyrev, Anton V., Pushkarev, Evgenii V., Abersteiner, Adam, Shcherbakov, Vasily D. (2023) Volcano–Plutonic Complex of the Tumrok Range (Eastern Kamchatka): An Example of the Ural-Alaskan Type Intrusion and Related Volcanic Series. Minerals, 13 (1) 126 doi:10.3390/min13010126 |
| ⓘ Aleutite (TL) Formula: [Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Allochalcoselite (TL) Formula: Cu+PbCu2+5(SeO3)2Cl5O2 Type Locality: References: Vergasova, L.P., Krivovichev, S.V., Britvin, S.N., Fitatov, S.K., Berns, P.K., Ananyev, V.V. (2005) Allochalcoselite, Cu+Cu2+5 PbO2(SeO3)2Cl5 - a new mineral from volcanic exhalations (Kamchatka, Russia). Zapiski Rossiiskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchetstva, 134(3), 70-74 . |
| ⓘ Allophane Formula: (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Alluaudite Formula: (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 References: Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; et al. (2025) Achyrophanite, (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5, a New Mineral with the Novel Structure Type from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 15 (7). doi:10.3390/min15070706 |
| ⓘ 'α-Brass' Formula: Cu3Zn |
| ⓘ Alumoåkermanite Formula: (CaNa)Al[Si2O7] References: Sharygin, Victor, Kamenetsky, Vadim, Zhitova, Liudmila, Belousov, Alexander, Abersteiner, Adam (2018) Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 514 doi:10.3390/min8110514 |
| ⓘ Alumoedtollite (TL) Formula: K2NaCu5AlO2(AsO4)4 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Pautov, Leonid A., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Britvin, Sergey N., Vigasina, Marina F., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y. (2019) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. X. Edtollite, K2NaCu5Fe3+O2(AsO4)4, and alumoedtollite, K2NaCu5AlO2(AsO4)4. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (4) 485-495 doi:10.1180/mgm.2018.155 |
| ⓘ Alumoklyuchevskite (TL) Formula: K3Cu3(Al,Fe3+)(SO4)4O2 Localities: Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia Description: From thesecond cone of the Northern Breakthrough.
Alumoklyuchevskite occurs as aggregates of dark green acicular crystals, elongate <010>, to 1 mm length and <0.1 mm width. Almost equant in cross-section, transparent,…Turns white on exposure to air, probably by hydration. |
| ⓘ Anatolyite (TL) Formula: Na6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Lykova, Inna S., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Turchkova, Anna G., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Scheidl, Katharina S. (2019) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XI. Anatolyite, Na6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (5) 633-638 doi:10.1180/mgm.2019.11 |
| ⓘ Andradite Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaMountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Anglesite Formula: PbSO4 |
| ⓘ Anglesite var. Copper-bearing Anglesite Formula: (Pb,Cu)SO4 |
| ⓘ Anhydrite Formula: CaSO4 Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Anorthite Formula: Ca(Al2Si2O8) Localities: Southern Breakthrough (South Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 |
| ⓘ Antipovite (TL) Formula: Cu5O2(PO4)2 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Antlerite Formula: Cu3(SO4)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ Antofagastaite Formula: Na2Ca(SO4)2 · 1.5H2O References: Pekov, Igor V., Kovrugin, Vadim M., Siidra, Oleg I., Chukanov, Nikita V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Turchkova, Anna G., Möhn, Gerhard (2019) Antofagastaite, Na2Ca(SO4)2·1.5H2O, a new mineral related to syngenite. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (6) 781-790 doi:10.1180/mgm.2019.17 |
| ⓘ 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3A |
| ⓘ Aphthitalite Formula: K3Na(SO4)2 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Arcanite Formula: K2SO4 Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Arsenatrotitanite (TL) Formula: NaTi(AsO4)O Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Britvin, Sergey N., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y. (2019) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. IX. Arsenatrotitanite, NaTiO(AsO4) Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (3) 453-458 doi:10.1180/mgm.2018.134 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; et al. (2025) Achyrophanite, (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5, a New Mineral with the Novel Structure Type from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 15 (7). doi:10.3390/min15070706 |
| ⓘ Arsenowagnerite (TL) Formula: Mg2(AsO4)F Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Chukanov, Nikita V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2018) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. VIII. Arsenowagnerite, Mg2(AsO4)F. Mineralogical Magazine, 82 (4) 877-888 doi:10.1180/minmag.2017.081.067 Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Agakhanov, Atali A., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Turchkova, Anna G., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3. Minerals, 12 (7) 850 doi:10.3390/min12070850 |
| ⓘ Arsenudinaite (TL) Formula: NaMg4(AsO4)3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Agakhanov, Atali A., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Turchkova, Anna G., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3. Minerals, 12 (7) 850 doi:10.3390/min12070850 |
| ⓘ Arsmirandite (TL) Formula: Na18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5 Type Locality: References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda, Pekov, Igor, Britvin, Sergey, Koshlyakova, Natalia, Vigasina, Marina, Sidorov, Evgeny (2019) A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe3+Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron. Minerals, 9 (12) 770 doi:10.3390/min9120770 Pekov, I.V., Britvin, S.N., Yapaskurt, V.O., Koshlyakova, N.N., Polekhovsky, Yu.S., Göttlicher, J., Chukanov, N.V., Vigasina, M.F., Krivovichev, S.V., Turhkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. (2020) Arsmirandite, Na18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5, and lehmannite, Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5, new minerals from fumerole exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Zapiski RMO, 149. 1-17 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhitova, Elena S.; et al. (2026) Polyarsite, Na7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl, a New Mineral with Unique Complex Layers in the Novel-Type Crystal Structure. Minerals, 16 (2). doi:10.3390/min16020122 |
| ⓘ Atacamite Formula: Cu2(OH)3Cl Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaWestern paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaMountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Atlasovite (TL) Formula: K(BiO)Cu6Fe3+(SO4)5O3Cl Localities: Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia Description: Atlasovite occurs as tabular crystals showing the forms {001}, {110}, {012}, and {014}; the crystals may consist predominately of atlasovite, or atlasovite may occur as zones within nabokoite. |
| ⓘ Augite Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ Avdoninite (TL) Formula: K2Cu5(OH)4Cl8 · H2O Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Averievite (TL) Formula: Cu6(VO4)2O2Cl2 Localities: Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Avicennite Formula: Tl2O3 References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Axelite (TL) Formula: Na14Cu7(AsO4)8F2Cl2 Type Locality: References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda, Pekov, Igor, Britvin, Sergey, Koshlyakova, Natalia, Vigasina, Marina, Sidorov, Evgeny (2019) A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe3+Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron. Minerals, 9 (12) 770 doi:10.3390/min9120770 Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Kutyrev, Anton V., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2023) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XIX. Axelite, Na14Cu7(AsO4)8F2Cl2. Mineralogical Magazine, 87 (1) 109-117 doi:10.1180/mgm.2022.120 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhitova, Elena S.; et al. (2026) Polyarsite, Na7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl, a New Mineral with Unique Complex Layers in the Novel-Type Crystal Structure. Minerals, 16 (2). doi:10.3390/min16020122 |
| ⓘ Babingtonite Formula: Ca2Fe2+Fe3+Si5O14(OH) |
| ⓘ Badalovite (TL) Formula: Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3 Type Locality: References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda, Pekov, Igor, Britvin, Sergey, Koshlyakova, Natalia, Vigasina, Marina, Sidorov, Evgeny (2019) A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe3+Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron. Minerals, 9 (12) 770 doi:10.3390/min9120770 Pekov, Igor V., Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Gurzhiy, Vladislav V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Vigasina, Marina F., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Giester, Gerald (2019) Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathénardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57 (6) 885-901 doi:10.3749/canmin.1900050 Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Agakhanov, Atali A., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Turchkova, Anna G., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2020) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XIV. Badalovite, NaNaMg(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3, a member of the alluaudite group. Mineralogical Magazine, 84 (4) 616-622 doi:10.1180/mgm.2020.43 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; et al. (2025) Achyrophanite, (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5, a New Mineral with the Novel Structure Type from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 15 (7). doi:10.3390/min15070706 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhitova, Elena S.; et al. (2026) Polyarsite, Na7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl, a New Mineral with Unique Complex Layers in the Novel-Type Crystal Structure. Minerals, 16 (2). doi:10.3390/min16020122 |
| ⓘ Bakakinite (TL) Formula: Ca2V2O7 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Bannermanite Formula: (Na,K)0.7V4+0.7V5+5.3O15 References: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Zelenski, M. E., Yapaskurt, V. O., Polekhovsky, Yu. S., Fadeeva, O. A., Pushcharovsky, D. Yu. (2013) Yaroshevskite, Cu9O2(VO4)4Cl2, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 77 (1) 107-116 doi:10.1180/minmag.2013.077.1.10 |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSouthern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaWestern paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Bassanite Formula: Ca(SO4) · 0.5H2O |
| ⓘ Belloite Formula: Cu(OH)Cl Localities: Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Belomarinaite (TL) Formula: KNa(SO4) Localities: Toludskoe lava field, 2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Belousovite (TL) Formula: KZn(SO4)Cl Type Locality: References: Siidra, Oleg I., Nazarchuk, Evgeny V., Lukina, Evgeniya A., Zaitsev, Anatoly N., Shilovskikh, Vladimir V. (2018) Belousovite, KZn(SO4)Cl, a new sulfate mineral from the Tolbachik volcano with apophyllite sheet-topology. Mineralogical Magazine, 82 (5) 1079-1088 doi:10.1180/minmag.2017.081.084 |
| ⓘ Berzeliite Formula: (NaCa2)Mg2(AsO4)3 References: Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Agakhanov, Atali A., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Turchkova, Anna G., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3. Minerals, 12 (7) 850 doi:10.3390/min12070850 Bulakh, M. O., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Sidorov, E. G. (2022) Ludwigite and Yuanfuliite from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Geology of Ore Deposits, 64 (8) 607-621 doi:10.1134/s1075701522080037 Bulakh, M. O; Britvin, S. N; Zubkova, N. V; Yapaskurt, V. O; Agakhanov, A. A; Anikin, L. P; Pekov, I. V (2025) Fredrikssonite from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano (Kamchatka, Russia), its Crystal Structure and Chemical-Genetic Features. Zapiski of the Russian Mineralogical Society, CLIV (3). 56-72 |
| ⓘ 'Biotite' Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ Bischofite Formula: MgCl2 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ Blossite Formula: α-Cu2(V2O7) References: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Zelenski, M. E., Yapaskurt, V. O., Polekhovsky, Yu. S., Fadeeva, O. A., Pushcharovsky, D. Yu. (2013) Yaroshevskite, Cu9O2(VO4)4Cl2, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 77 (1) 107-116 doi:10.1180/minmag.2013.077.1.10 |
| ⓘ Blödite Formula: Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia Description: XRD and Wet Chemical by Joy Desor, Gerhard Möhn |
| ⓘ Bobjonesite Formula: (V4+O)(SO4) · 3H2O References: Siidra, Oleg I., Vergasova, Lidiya P., Kretser, Yuri L., Polekhovsky, Yuri S., Filatov, Stanislav K., Krivovichev, Sergey V. (2014) Unique thallium mineralization in the fumaroles of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. III. Evdokimovite, Tl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (7) 1711-1724 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.7.14 |
| ⓘ Bonattite Formula: CuSO4 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ Boothite Formula: Cu2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| ⓘ Borisenkoite (TL) Formula: Cu3[(V,As)O4]2 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Polekhovsky, Yury S., Vigasina, Marina F., Britvin, Sergey N., Turchkova, Anna G., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2020) A new mineral borisenkoite, Cu3[(V,As)O4]2, and the isomorphous series borisenkoite–lammerite-β in fumarolic exhalations of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 47 (3) doi:10.1007/s00269-020-01081-y |
| ⓘ Bornite Formula: Cu5FeS4 |
| ⓘ Bradaczekite (TL) Formula: NaCu4(AsO4)3 Localities: Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGreat Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Brochantite Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Bubnovaite (TL) Formula: K2Na8Ca(SO4)6 Localities: Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGreat Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Bunsenite Formula: NiO |
| ⓘ Burnsite (TL) Formula: KCdCu2+7(SeO3)2O2Cl9 Type Locality: References: Krivovichev, S. V., Vergasova, L. P., Starova, G. L., Filatov, S. K., Britvin, S. N., Roberts, A. C., Steele, I. M. (2002) Burnsite, KCdCu7O2(SeO3)2Cl9, a new mineral species from the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 40 (4) 1171-1175 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.40.4.1171 |
| ⓘ Cadwaladerite Formula: Al5(H2O)3(OH)12 · n(Cl,H2O) |
| ⓘ Calciohatertite (TL) Formula: NaNaCa(CaFe3+)(AsO4)3 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Calciojohillerite (TL) Formula: NaCaMg3(AsO4)3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Turchova, A.G., Zhitova, E.S., Pushcharovskii, D.Yu. (2023): New Chladniite Variety from Volcanic Exhalations. The Genetic Crystal Chemistry of Chladniite. Doklady Earth Sciences, 512, 975-988. Pekov, Igor V., Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Gurzhiy, Vladislav V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Vigasina, Marina F., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Giester, Gerald (2019) Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathénardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57 (6) 885-901 doi:10.3749/canmin.1900050 Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Agakhanov, Atali A., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Turchkova, Anna G., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2021) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XV. Calciojohillerite, NaCaMgMg2(AsO4)3, a member of the alluaudite group. Mineralogical Magazine, 85 (2) 215-223 doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.2 Bulakh, M. O., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Sidorov, E. G. (2022) Ludwigite and Yuanfuliite from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Geology of Ore Deposits, 64 (8) 607-621 doi:10.1134/s1075701522080037 Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Agakhanov, Atali A., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Turchkova, Anna G., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3. Minerals, 12 (7) 850 doi:10.3390/min12070850 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; et al. (2025) Achyrophanite, (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5, a New Mineral with the Novel Structure Type from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 15 (7). doi:10.3390/min15070706 Bulakh, M. O; Britvin, S. N; Zubkova, N. V; Yapaskurt, V. O; Agakhanov, A. A; Anikin, L. P; Pekov, I. V (2025) Fredrikssonite from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano (Kamchatka, Russia), its Crystal Structure and Chemical-Genetic Features. Zapiski of the Russian Mineralogical Society, CLIV (3). 56-72 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Chukanov, Nikita V.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhitova, Elena S.; Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2026) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XXI. Magganasite, CuFe3+3O(AsO4)3. Mineralogical Magazine, 90 (2). p.472-480. doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10141 |
| ⓘ Calciolangbeinite (TL) Formula: K2Ca2(SO4)3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, I. V., Zelenski, M. E., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Chukanov, N. V., Belakovskiy, D. I., Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2012) Calciolangbeinite, K2Ca2(SO4)3, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 76 (3) 673-682 doi:10.1180/minmag.2012.076.3.16 Bulakh, M.O., Pekov, I.V., Koshlyakova, N.N., Britvin, S.N., Nazarova, M.A. (2022) [ Langbeinite-Group Minerals and Vanthoffite from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano (Kamchatka)]. Записки Российского Минералогического Общества [Zapiski RMO (Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society)], 151 (3) 96-122 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 Localities: Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Caledonite Formula: Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Carmeltazite Formula: ZrAl2Ti4O11 |
| ⓘ Carnallite Formula: KMgCl3 · 6H2O References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Lykova, Inna S., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Britvin, Sergey N., Yu. Pushcharovsky, Dmitry (2015) New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. I. Mellizinkalite, K3Zn2Cl7. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (2) 247-253 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2430 |
| ⓘ Cassedanneite Formula: Pb5(CrO4)2(VO4)2 · H2O References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Cassiterite Formula: SnO2 Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Cerussite Formula: PbCO3 References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Cesiodymite (TL) Formula: CsKCu5O(SO4)5 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Britvin, Sergey N. (2018) Cryptochalcite, K2Cu5O(SO4)5, and cesiodymite, CsKCu5O(SO4)5, two new isotypic minerals and the K–Cs isomorphism in this solid-solution series. European Journal of Mineralogy, 30 (3) 593-607 doi:10.1127/ejm/2018/0030-2725 |
| ⓘ Chalcanthite Formula: CuSO4 · 5H2O References: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Zelenski, M. E., Yapaskurt, V. O., Polekhovsky, Yu. S., Fadeeva, O. A., Pushcharovsky, D. Yu. (2013) Yaroshevskite, Cu9O2(VO4)4Cl2, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 77 (1) 107-116 doi:10.1180/minmag.2013.077.1.10 |
| ⓘ Chalcocite Formula: Cu2S |
| ⓘ Chalcocyanite Formula: CuSO4 Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ Challacolloite Formula: KPb2Cl5 Localities: First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaNorthern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Chladniite Formula: Na3CaMg11(PO4)9 References: Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Turchova, A.G., Zhitova, E.S., Pushcharovskii, D.Yu. (2023): New Chladniite Variety from Volcanic Exhalations. The Genetic Crystal Chemistry of Chladniite. Doklady Earth Sciences, 512, 975-988. |
| ⓘ Chlorargyrite Formula: AgCl Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Chlorartinite (TL) Formula: Mg2(CO3)(OH)Cl · 2H2O Type Locality: |
| ⓘ 'Chlorite Group' |
| ⓘ Chloromenite (TL) Formula: Cu9(SeO3)4O2Cl6 Localities: Novaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Chlorothionite Formula: K2Cu(SO4)Cl2 Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ 'Chlor-spodiosite' Formula: Ca2PO4Cl |
ⓘ 'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'References: Chayka, Ivan F., Baykov, Nikolay I., Kamenetsky, Vadim S., Kutyrev, Anton V., Pushkarev, Evgenii V., Abersteiner, Adam, Shcherbakov, Vasily D. (2023) Volcano–Plutonic Complex of the Tumrok Range (Eastern Kamchatka): An Example of the Ural-Alaskan Type Intrusion and Related Volcanic Series. Minerals, 13 (1) 126 doi:10.3390/min13010126 |
| ⓘ Chromite Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4 Localities: Tumrok Range volcanic province, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Chromviskontite (TL) Formula: Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6 Type Locality: References: Pekov, I. V., Britvin, S. N., Agakhanov, A. A., Yapaskurt, V. O., Strel'nikov, M. V., Turchkova, A. G., and Kupchinenko, A. N.: Chromviskontite, IMA 2024-019, in: CNMNC Newsletter 80, Eur. J. Mineral., 36, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-599-2024, 2024. Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Chrysocolla Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| ⓘ Chrysothallite (TL) Formula: K6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4 · H2O Localities: Pyatno fumarole (Spot), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Chubarovite (TL) Formula: KZn2(BO3)Cl2 Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaFirst scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaNorthern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Clinoenstatite Formula: MgSiO3 References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 |
ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'Localities: 2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTumrok Range volcanic province, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaMountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Cohenite Formula: Fe3C |
| ⓘ Connellite Formula: Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Coparsite (TL) Formula: Cu4(AsO4,VO4)O2Cl Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Cordierite Formula: Mg2Al4Si5O18 References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 1: Neso-, cyclo-, ino- and phyllosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 101-119 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-101-2020 |
| ⓘ Corundum Formula: Al2O3 Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaMountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSouthern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Cotunnite Formula: PbCl2 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Cristobalite Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Cryobostryxite (TL) Formula: KZnCl3 · 2H2O Type Locality: References: Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2014) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC), CNMNC Newsletter No. 22. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (5) 1241-1248 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.5.10 Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Britvin, Sergey N., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2015) New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. III. Cryobostryxite, KZnCl3·2H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (6) 805-812 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2482 |
| ⓘ Cryptochalcite (TL) Formula: K2Cu5O(SO4)5 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Britvin, Sergey N. (2018) Cryptochalcite, K2Cu5O(SO4)5, and cesiodymite, CsKCu5O(SO4)5, two new isotypic minerals and the K–Cs isomorphism in this solid-solution series. European Journal of Mineralogy, 30 (3) 593-607 doi:10.1127/ejm/2018/0030-2725 |
| ⓘ Cubanite Formula: CuFe2S3 References: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V.S., Mavrogenes, J.A., Gurenko, A.A., Danyushevsky, L.V. (2018) Silicate-sulfide liquid immiscibility in modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka): Part I. Occurrence and compositions of sulfide melts. Chemical Geology, 478. 102-111 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.09.013 |
| ⓘ Cuprodobrovolskyite (TL) Formula: Na4Cu(SO4)3 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Cupromolybdite (TL) Formula: Cu3O(MoO4)2 Type Locality: References: Zelenski, Michael E., Zubkova, Natalia V., Pekov, Igor V., Polekhovsky, Yuri S., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y.U. (2012) Cupromolybdite, Cu3O(MoO4)2, a new fumarolic mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 24 (4) 749-757 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2012/0024-2221 Pekov, I. V; Murashko, M. N; Agakhanov, A. A; Vigasina, M. F; Britvin, S. N; Turchkova, A. G (2025) Masaitisite, KCu 5 O 2 (Se 4+ O 3 ) 2 Cl 3 , a New Mineral from Fumarole Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Zapiski of the Russian Mineralogical Society, CLIV (6). 27-39 |
| ⓘ Cuprospinel Formula: Cu2+Fe3+2O4 Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Cyanochroite Formula: K2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O Localities: Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Deltalumite (TL) Formula: (Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Demartinite Formula: K2[SiF6] |
| ⓘ Diamond ? Formula: C |
| ⓘ Diaspore Formula: AlO(OH) |
| ⓘ Digenite Formula: Cu9S5 |
| ⓘ Diopside Formula: CaMgSi2O6 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Dioskouriite (TL) Formula: CaCu4Cl6(OH)4 · 4H2O Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Dmisokolovite (TL) Formula: K3Cu5AlO2(AsO4)4 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu (2015) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. IV. Shchurovskyite, K2CaCu6O2(AsO4)4 and dmisokolovite, K3Cu5AlO2(AsO4)4. Mineralogical Magazine, 79 (7) 1737-1753 doi:10.1180/minmag.2015.079.7.02 |
| ⓘ Dobrovolskyite (TL) Formula: Na4Ca(SO4)3 Type Locality: References: Shablinskii, A.P., Filatov, S.K., Vergasova, L.P., Moskaleva, S.V., Avdontseva, E.Y., Bubnova, R.S. (2020): Dobrovolskyite, IMA 2019-106 Shablinskii, Andrey P., Filatov, Stanislav K., Krivovichev, Sergey V., Vergasova, Lidiya P., Moskaleva, Svetlana V., Avdontseva, Eugeniya Yu., Knyazev, Alexander V., Bubnova, Rimma S. (2021) Dobrovolskyite, Na4Ca(SO4)3, a new fumarolic sulfate from the Great Tolbachik fissure eruption, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 85 (2) 233-241 doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.9 |
| ⓘ Dokuchaevite (TL) Formula: Cu8O2(VO4)3Cl3 Type Locality: References: Siidra, Oleg I., Nazarchuk, Evgeny V., Zaitsev, Anatoly N., Polekhovsky, Yury S., Wenzel, Thomas, Spratt, John (2019) Dokuchaevite, Cu8O2(VO4)3Cl3, a new mineral with remarkably diverse Cu2+ mixed-ligand coordination environments. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (5) 749-755 doi:10.1180/mgm.2019.41 |
| ⓘ Dolerophanite Formula: Cu2(SO4)O Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Dravertite (TL) Formula: CuMg(SO4)2 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Chukanov, Nikita V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y. (2017) Dravertite, CuMg(SO4)2, a new mineral species from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 29 (2) 323-330 doi:10.1127/ejm/2017/0029-2596 |
| ⓘ Dypingite Formula: Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| ⓘ Eastonite Formula: KMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 |
| ⓘ Edtollite (TL) Formula: K2NaCu5Fe3+O2(AsO4)4 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Pautov, Leonid A., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Britvin, Sergey N., Vigasina, Marina F., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y. (2019) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. X. Edtollite, K2NaCu5Fe3+O2(AsO4)4, and alumoedtollite, K2NaCu5AlO2(AsO4)4. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (4) 485-495 doi:10.1180/mgm.2018.155 |
| ⓘ Elasmochloite (TL) Formula: Na3Cu6BiO4(SO4)5 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Britvin, Sergey N., Agakhanov, Atali A., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G. (2019) Elasmochloite, Na3Cu6BiO4(SO4)5, a new fumarolic mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 31 (5) 1025-1032 doi:10.1127/ejm/2019/0031-2887 |
| ⓘ Eleomelanite (TL) Formula: (K2Pb)Cu4O2(SO4)4 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Chukanov, Nikita V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Britvin, Sergey N., Turchkova, Anna G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2020) Eleomelanite, (K2Pb)Cu4O2(SO4)4, a new mineral species from the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 58 (5) 625-636 doi:10.3749/canmin.2000032 |
| ⓘ Embreyite Formula: Pb5(CrO4)2(PO4)2 · H2O References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Enstatite Formula: Mg2Si2O6 Localities: Western paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSouthern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Epidote Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ Ericlaxmanite (TL) Formula: Cu4O(AsO4)2 Type Locality: References: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Belakovskiy, D. I., Vigasina, M. F., Sidorov, E. G., Pushcharovsky, D. Yu. (2014) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. II. Ericlaxmanite and kozyrevskite, two natural modifications of Cu4O(AsO4)2. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (7) 1553-1569 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.7.03 |
| ⓘ Eriochalcite Formula: CuCl2 · 2H2O Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGreat Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Erythrosiderite Formula: K2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)] References: Sharygin, Victor, Kamenetsky, Vadim, Zhitova, Liudmila, Belousov, Alexander, Abersteiner, Adam (2018) Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 514 doi:10.3390/min8110514 |
| ⓘ Esseneite Formula: CaFe3+[AlSiO6] Localities: 2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Euchlorine Formula: KNaCu3(SO4)3O Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Eugsterite Formula: Na4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O References: Shablinskii, Andrey P., Avdontceva, Margarita S., Vergasova, Lidiya P., Filatov, Stanislav K., Avdontseva, Evgenia Yu., Povolotskiy, Alexey V., Moskaleva, Svetlana V., Kargopoltsev, Anatoly A., Britvin, Sergey N., Shorets, Olga U. (2022) Medvedevite, KMn2+V5+2O6Cl⋅2H2O, a new fumarolic mineral from the Tolbachik fissure eruption 2012–2013, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 86 (3) 478-485 doi:10.1180/mgm.2022.38 |
| ⓘ Evdokimovite (TL) Formula: Tl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5 Type Locality: References: Siidra, Oleg I., Vergasova, Lidiya P., Kretser, Yuri L., Polekhovsky, Yuri S., Filatov, Stanislav K., Krivovichev, Sergey V. (2014) Unique thallium mineralization in the fumaroles of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. III. Evdokimovite, Tl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (7) 1711-1724 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.7.14 |
| ⓘ Evseevite (TL) Formula: Na2Mg(AsO4)F Type Locality: References: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Belakovskiy, D. I., Vigasina, M. F., Yapaskurt, V. O., Britvin, S. N., Turchkova, A. G., Sidorov, E. G., Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2019) CNMNC Newsletter No. 52, New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2019. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (6) 887-893 doi:10.1180/mgm.2019.73 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhitova, Elena S.; et al. (2026) Polyarsite, Na7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl, a New Mineral with Unique Complex Layers in the Novel-Type Crystal Structure. Minerals, 16 (2). doi:10.3390/min16020122 |
| ⓘ Fairchildite Formula: K2Ca(CO3)2 |
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'References: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V.S., Mavrogenes, J.A., Gurenko, A.A., Danyushevsky, L.V. (2018) Silicate-sulfide liquid immiscibility in modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka): Part I. Occurrence and compositions of sulfide melts. Chemical Geology, 478. 102-111 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.09.013 |
| ⓘ Fedotovite (TL) Formula: K2Cu3(SO4)3O Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTumrok Range volcanic province, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Feodosiyite (TL) Formula: Cu11Mg2Cl18(OH)8 · 16H2O Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Lykova, Inna S., Vigasina, Marina F., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Khanin, Dmitry A., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2018) Feodosiyite, Cu11Mg2Cl18(OH)8·16H2O, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen Journal of Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 195 (1) 27-39 doi:10.1127/njma/2017/0081 |
| ⓘ Ferberite Formula: FeWO4 |
| ⓘ Ferrisanidine (TL) Formula: K[Fe3+Si3O8] Type Locality: References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda, Pekov, Igor, Britvin, Sergey, Koshlyakova, Natalia, Vigasina, Marina, Sidorov, Evgeny (2019) A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe3+Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron. Minerals, 9 (12) 770 doi:10.3390/min9120770 Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhitova, Elena S.; et al. (2026) Polyarsite, Na7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl, a New Mineral with Unique Complex Layers in the Novel-Type Crystal Structure. Minerals, 16 (2). doi:10.3390/min16020122 |
| ⓘ Filatovite (TL) Formula: K(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8 Type Locality: References: Vergasova, Lidiya P., Krivovichev, Sergey V., Britvin, Sergey N., Burns, Peter N., Ananiev, Vladimir V. (2004) Filatovite, K(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8, a new mineral species from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 16 (3) 533-536 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2004/0016-0533 |
| ⓘ Fingerite Formula: Cu11(VO4)6O2 References: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Zelenski, M. E., Yapaskurt, V. O., Polekhovsky, Yu. S., Fadeeva, O. A., Pushcharovsky, D. Yu. (2013) Yaroshevskite, Cu9O2(VO4)4Cl2, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 77 (1) 107-116 doi:10.1180/minmag.2013.077.1.10 |
| ⓘ Flinteite (TL) Formula: K2ZnCl4 Localities: Northern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaFirst scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Fluoborite Formula: Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 References: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Belakovskiy, D. I., Chukanov, N. V., Lykova, I. S., Savelyev, D. P., Sidorov, E. G., Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2014) Wulffite, K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4, and parawulffite, K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8, two new minerals from fumarole sublimates of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 52 (4) 699-716 doi:10.3749/canmin.1400018 Zubkova, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Ksenofontov, D. A., Yapaskurt, V. O., Pushcharovsky, D. Yu., Sidorov, E. G. (2018) Arcanite from Fumarole Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano (Kamchatka, Russia) and Its Crystal Structure. Doklady Earth Sciences, 479 (1) 339-341 doi:10.1134/s1028334x18030121 Pekov, Igor V., Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Gurzhiy, Vladislav V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Vigasina, Marina F., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Giester, Gerald (2019) Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathénardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57 (6) 885-901 doi:10.3749/canmin.1900050 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Bulakh, Maria O.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Anikin, Leonid P. (2025) Kantorite, K2NaMg(SO4)2F, a new fumarolic mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 89 (5). 575-581 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.23 |
| ⓘ Fluorapatite Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSouthern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Fluorite Formula: CaF2 Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Fluorophlogopite Formula: KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSouthern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaWestern paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Fluorphosphohedyphane Formula: Ca2Pb3(PO4)3F References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Fluorpyromorphite Formula: Pb5(PO4)3F References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ 'Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series' |
| ⓘ Forsterite Formula: Mg2(SiO4) Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTumrok Range volcanic province, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaMountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Franklinite Formula: Zn2+Fe3+2O4 References: Pekov, Igor, Sandalov, Fedor, Koshlyakova, Natalia, Vigasina, Marina, Polekhovsky, Yury, Britvin, Sergey, Sidorov, Evgeny, Turchkova, Anna (2018) Copper in Natural Oxide Spinels: The New Mineral Thermaerogenite CuAl2O4, Cuprospinel and Cu-Enriched Varieties of Other Spinel-Group Members from Fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 498 doi:10.3390/min8110498 |
| ⓘ Fredrikssonite Formula: Mg2Mn3+O2(BO3) References: Bulakh, M. O; Britvin, S. N; Zubkova, N. V; Yapaskurt, V. O; Agakhanov, A. A; Anikin, L. P; Pekov, I. V (2025) Fredrikssonite from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano (Kamchatka, Russia), its Crystal Structure and Chemical-Genetic Features. Zapiski of the Russian Mineralogical Society, CLIV (3). 56-72 |
| ⓘ Gahnite Formula: ZnAl2O4 Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSouthern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaWestern paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Galena Formula: PbS |
| ⓘ 'Garnet Group' Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3 References: Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Agakhanov, Atali A., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Turchkova, Anna G., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3. Minerals, 12 (7) 850 doi:10.3390/min12070850 |
| ⓘ 'Garnet Supergroup' Formula: X3 Z2(TO4)3 References: Bulakh, M. O., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Sidorov, E. G. (2022) Ludwigite and Yuanfuliite from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Geology of Ore Deposits, 64 (8) 607-621 doi:10.1134/s1075701522080037 |
| ⓘ Gearksutite Formula: Ca[Al(F,OH)5(H2O)] References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Georgbokiite (TL) Formula: Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2 Localities: Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnoye fumarole, Southern Breakthrough (South Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
ⓘ 'Glass'References: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V.S., Mavrogenes, J.A., Gurenko, A.A., Danyushevsky, L.V. (2018) Silicate-sulfide liquid immiscibility in modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka): Part I. Occurrence and compositions of sulfide melts. Chemical Geology, 478. 102-111 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.09.013 |
| ⓘ Glauberite Formula: Na2Ca(SO4)2 References: Pekov, Igor V., Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Gurzhiy, Vladislav V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Vigasina, Marina F., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Giester, Gerald (2019) Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathénardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57 (6) 885-901 doi:10.3749/canmin.1900050 |
| ⓘ Glikinite (TL) Formula: Zn3O(SO4)2 Type Locality: References: Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Hålenius, Ulf, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2019) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) NEWSLETTER 47. European Journal of Mineralogy, 31 (1) 197-202 doi:10.1127/ejm/2019/0031-2839 Nazarchuk, Evgeny V., Siidra, Oleg I., Nekrasova, Diana O., Shilovskikh, Vladimir V., Borisov, Artem S., Avdontseva, Evgeniya Y. (2020) Glikinite, Zn3O(SO4)2, a new anhydrous zinc oxysulfate mineral structurally based on OZn4 tetrahedra. Mineralogical Magazine, 84 (4) 563-567 doi:10.1180/mgm.2020.33 |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: Fe3+O(OH) Localities: Western paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Goryainovite Formula: Ca2(PO4)Cl |
| ⓘ Graphite Formula: C |
| ⓘ Grigorievite (TL) Formula: Cu3Fe3+2Al2(VO4)6 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Grossite Formula: CaAl4O7 |
| ⓘ Grossular Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 References: Sharygin, Victor, Kamenetsky, Vadim, Zhitova, Liudmila, Belousov, Alexander, Abersteiner, Adam (2018) Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 514 doi:10.3390/min8110514 |
| ⓘ Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Halite Formula: NaCl Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Hatertite (TL) Formula: Na2(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Cu)2(AsO4)3 Localities: Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Haüyne Formula: Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4) Localities: Western paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaMountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ Hematite var. Stannian Cuprian Antimonian Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 References: Sandalov, F. D., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Latyshev, A. V., Zhegunov, P. S. (2023) Hematite from Fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano (Kamchatka, Russia): Chemistry, Relationships with Associated Minerals, Morphological and Genetic Features. Zapiski RMO (Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society) 4, 16-46 doi:10.31857/s0869605523040081 |
| ⓘ Hematite var. Stannian Cuprian Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 References: Sandalov, F. D., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Latyshev, A. V., Zhegunov, P. S. (2023) Hematite from Fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano (Kamchatka, Russia): Chemistry, Relationships with Associated Minerals, Morphological and Genetic Features. Zapiski RMO (Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society) 4, 16-46 doi:10.31857/s0869605523040081 |
| ⓘ Hemimorphite Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Hermannjahnite (TL) Formula: CuZn(SO4)2 Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaNaboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Hibonite Formula: CaAl12O19 |
| ⓘ Hollandite Formula: Ba(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16 References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Britvin, Sergey N., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry . YU (2015) New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. II. Flinteite, K2ZnCl4. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (4) 581-588 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2459 Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Britvin, Sergey N., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2015) New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. III. Cryobostryxite, KZnCl3·2H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (6) 805-812 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2482 |
| ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group' Formula: ◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| ⓘ Hydrocerussite Formula: Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite Formula: Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O Localities: 2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaFirst scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaNorthern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Hydromagnesite Formula: Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ 'Hydrophilite' |
| ⓘ Ilinskite (TL) Formula: (Na,K)Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl3 Localities: Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnoye fumarole, Southern Breakthrough (South Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGreat Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Ilmenite Formula: Fe2+TiO3 References: Sharygin, Victor, Kamenetsky, Vadim, Zhitova, Liudmila, Belousov, Alexander, Abersteiner, Adam (2018) Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 514 doi:10.3390/min8110514 |
| ⓘ Indialite Formula: Mg2Al3(AlSi5O18) Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSouthern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaWestern paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Itelmenite (TL) Formula: Na4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8 Localities: Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Ivsite (TL) Formula: Na3H(SO4)2 |
| ⓘ Jakobssonite Formula: CaAlF5 References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Britvin, Sergey N., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2015) New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. III. Cryobostryxite, KZnCl3·2H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (6) 805-812 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2482 |
| ⓘ Johillerite Formula: Na(Mg,Zn)3Cu(AsO4)3 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Kainite Formula: KMg(SO4)Cl · 3H2O References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Lykova, Inna S., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Britvin, Sergey N., Yu. Pushcharovsky, Dmitry (2015) New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. I. Mellizinkalite, K3Zn2Cl7. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (2) 247-253 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2430 |
| ⓘ Kainotropite (TL) Formula: Cu4Fe3+O2(V2O7)(VO4) Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSouthern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia Description: It forms prismatic crystals up to 0.2 × 0.2 × 0.5 mm3, isolated or combined in clusters up to 0.7 mm across. |
| ⓘ Kaliochalcite (TL) Formula: KCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)] Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Kalithallite (TL) Formula: K3Tl3+Cl6 · 2H2O Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Krzhizhanovskaya, Maria G., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2023) Kalithallite, K3Tl3+Cl6⋅2H2O, a new mineral with trivalent thallium from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 87 (2) 186-193 doi:10.1180/mgm.2022.124 |
| ⓘ Kalsilite Formula: KAlSiO4 References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 |
| ⓘ Kamchatkite (TL) Formula: KCu3(SO4)2OCl Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Kantorite (TL) Formula: K2NaMg(SO4)2F Type Locality: References: Pekov, I. V., Britvin, S. N., Bulakh, M. O., Belakovskiy, D. I., Yapaskurt, V. O., Turchkova, A. G., and Anikin, L. P.: Kantorite, IMA 2024-042, in: CNMNC Newsletter 81, Eur. J. Mineral., 36, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-917-2024, 2024. Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Bulakh, Maria O.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Anikin, Leonid P. (2025) Kantorite, K2NaMg(SO4)2F, a new fumarolic mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 89 (5). 575-581 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.23 |
| ⓘ Karlditmarite (TL) Formula: Cu9O4(PO4)2(SO4)2 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Karpovite (TL) Formula: Tl2VO(SO4)2(H2O) Type Locality: References: Siidra, Oleg I., Vergasova, Lidiya P., Kretser, Yuri L., Polekhovsky, Yuri S., Filatov, Stanislav K., Krivovichev, Sergey V. (2014) Unique thallium mineralization in the fumaroles of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. III. Evdokimovite, Tl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (7) 1711-1724 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.7.14 Siidra, Oleg I., Vergasova, Lidiya P., Kretser, Yuri L., Polekhovsky, Yuri S., Filatov, Stanislav K., Krivovichev, Sergey V. (2014) Unique thallium mineralization in the fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. II. Karpovite, Tl2VO(SO4)2(H2O) Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (7) 1699-1709 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.7.13 |
| ⓘ Katiarsite (TL) Formula: KTiO(AsO4) Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G. (2016) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. V. Katiarsite, KTiO(AsO4) Mineralogical Magazine, 80 (4) 639-646 doi:10.1180/minmag.2016.080.007 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; et al. (2025) Achyrophanite, (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5, a New Mineral with the Novel Structure Type from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 15 (7). doi:10.3390/min15070706 |
ⓘ 'K Feldspar'Localities: 2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTumrok Range volcanic province, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaWestern paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Khrenovite (TL) Formula: Na3Fe3+2(AsO4)3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Zubkova, Natalia V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XVIII. Khrenovite, Na3Fe3+2(AsO4)3, the member with the highest sodium in the alluaudite supergroup. Mineralogical Magazine, 86 (6) 897-902 doi:10.1180/mgm.2022.64 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; et al. (2025) Achyrophanite, (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5, a New Mineral with the Novel Structure Type from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 15 (7). doi:10.3390/min15070706 |
| ⓘ Kieserite Formula: MgSO4 · H2O References: Shablinskii, Andrey P., Avdontceva, Margarita S., Vergasova, Lidiya P., Filatov, Stanislav K., Avdontseva, Evgenia Yu., Povolotskiy, Alexey V., Moskaleva, Svetlana V., Kargopoltsev, Anatoly A., Britvin, Sergey N., Shorets, Olga U. (2022) Medvedevite, KMn2+V5+2O6Cl⋅2H2O, a new fumarolic mineral from the Tolbachik fissure eruption 2012–2013, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 86 (3) 478-485 doi:10.1180/mgm.2022.38 |
| ⓘ Klyuchevskite (TL) Formula: K3Cu3(Fe3+,Al)(SO4)4O2 Localities: Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Knasibfite Formula: K3Na4[SiF6]3[BF4] References: Shablinskii, A. P., Vergasova, L. P., Filatov, S. K., Moskaleva, S. V., Nazarova, M. A., Bubnova, R. S. (2020) The Discovery of the Mineral Knasibfite K3Na4(SiF6)3(BF4) on Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka and Details of its Crystal Structure. Journal of Volcanology and Seismology, 14 (3) 177-186 doi:10.1134/s0742046320030069 |
| ⓘ Kononovite (TL) Formula: NaMg(SO4)F Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Krzhizhanovskaya, Maria G., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Sidorov, Evgeny G. (2015) Kononovite, NaMg(SO4)F, a new mineral from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (4) 575-580 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2457 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Bulakh, Maria O.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Anikin, Leonid P. (2025) Kantorite, K2NaMg(SO4)2F, a new fumarolic mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 89 (5). 575-581 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.23 |
| ⓘ Koryakite (TL) Formula: NaKMg2Al2(SO4)6 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Kozyrevskite (TL) Formula: Cu4O(AsO4)2 Type Locality: References: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Belakovskiy, D. I., Vigasina, M. F., Sidorov, E. G., Pushcharovsky, D. Yu. (2014) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. II. Ericlaxmanite and kozyrevskite, two natural modifications of Cu4O(AsO4)2. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (7) 1553-1569 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.7.03 |
| ⓘ Krasheninnikovite (TL) Formula: KNa2CaMg(SO4)3F Localities: Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ 'Krasnogorite' Formula: WO3 |
| ⓘ Lammerite Formula: Cu3(AsO4)2 Localities: Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Langbeinite Formula: K2Mg2(SO4)3 Localities: Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Lebedevite (TL) Formula: K4Na14Cu14O8(AsO4)8Cl6 Type Locality: References: Koshlyakova, N.N., Pekov, I.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Bullock, E., Zubkova, N.V., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Burns, P.C., Hazen, R.M. and Zhitova, E.S. (2024) Lebedevite, IMA 2023-089. CNMNC Newsletter 77; Mineralogical Magazine, 88, https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2024.5 |
| ⓘ Lehmannite (TL) Formula: Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5 Type Locality: References: Pekov, I.V., Britvin, S.N., Yapaskurt, V.O., Koshlyakova, N.N., Polekhovsky, Yu.S., Göttlicher, J., Chukanov, N.V., Vigasina, M.F., Krivovichev, S.V., Turhkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. (2020) Arsmirandite, Na18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5, and lehmannite, Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5, new minerals from fumerole exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Zapiski RMO, 149. 1-17 |
| ⓘ Leningradite (TL) Formula: PbCu3(VO4)2Cl Localities: Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGreat Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Leonardsenite Formula: MgAlF5 · 2H2O References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Britvin, Sergey N., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2015) New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. III. Cryobostryxite, KZnCl3·2H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (6) 805-812 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2482 |
| ⓘ Leonite Formula: K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O References: Shablinskii, Andrey P., Avdontceva, Margarita S., Vergasova, Lidiya P., Filatov, Stanislav K., Avdontseva, Evgenia Yu., Povolotskiy, Alexey V., Moskaleva, Svetlana V., Kargopoltsev, Anatoly A., Britvin, Sergey N., Shorets, Olga U. (2022) Medvedevite, KMn2+V5+2O6Cl⋅2H2O, a new fumarolic mineral from the Tolbachik fissure eruption 2012–2013, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 86 (3) 478-485 doi:10.1180/mgm.2022.38 |
| ⓘ Leucite Formula: K(AlSi2O6) Localities: Western paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaMountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSouthern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Leybovite-K (TL) Formula: KCuNa(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3 Type Locality: References: Koshlyakova, N.N., Pekov, I.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Bullock, E., Burns, P.C., Belakovskiy, D.I., Zubkova, N.V., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Hazen, R.M. and Zhitova, E.S. (2025) Leybovite-K, IMA 2025-007. CNMNC Newsletter 86, Mineralogical Magazine, 89, |
ⓘ 'Limonite'References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Linarite Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Litidionite Formula: KNaCuSi4O10 References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda, Pekov, Igor, Britvin, Sergey, Koshlyakova, Natalia, Vigasina, Marina, Sidorov, Evgeny (2019) A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe3+Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron. Minerals, 9 (12) 770 doi:10.3390/min9120770 Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhitova, Elena S.; et al. (2026) Polyarsite, Na7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl, a New Mineral with Unique Complex Layers in the Novel-Type Crystal Structure. Minerals, 16 (2). doi:10.3390/min16020122 |
| ⓘ Löweite Formula: Na12Mg7(SO4)13 · 15H2O Description: XRD and Wet Chemical by Joy Desor, Gerhard Möhn |
| ⓘ Ludwigite Formula: Mg2Fe3+(BO3)O2 Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Lyonsite Formula: Cu3Fe4(VO4)6 Localities: Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGreat Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Lyonsite var. Cu-rich lyonsite Formula: Cu3Fe4(VO4)6 References: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Chernyshov, D. Yu., Zelenski, M. E., Yapaskurt, V. O., Pushcharovskii, D. Yu. (2013) A new Cu-rich variety of lyonsite from fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano (Kamchatka, Russia) and its crystal structure. Doklady Earth Sciences, 448 (1) 112-116 doi:10.1134/s1028334x13010194 |
| ⓘ Mackinawite Formula: FeS References: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V.S., Mavrogenes, J.A., Gurenko, A.A., Danyushevsky, L.V. (2018) Silicate-sulfide liquid immiscibility in modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka): Part I. Occurrence and compositions of sulfide melts. Chemical Geology, 478. 102-111 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.09.013 |
| ⓘ Magganasite (TL) Formula: CuFe3+3O(AsO4)3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Chukanov, Nikita V.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhitova, Elena S.; Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2026) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XXI. Magganasite, CuFe3+3O(AsO4)3. Mineralogical Magazine, 90 (2). p.472-480. doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10141 |
| ⓘ Maghemite Formula: (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ Magnesiochromite Formula: MgCr2O4 Localities: Tumrok Range volcanic province, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Magnesioferrite Formula: MgFe3+2O4 Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSouthern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaWestern paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Magnesiohatertite (TL) Formula: (Na,Ca)2Ca(Mg,Fe3+)2(AsO4)3 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTumrok Range volcanic province, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 References: Sharygin, Victor, Kamenetsky, Vadim, Zhitova, Liudmila, Belousov, Alexander, Abersteiner, Adam (2018) Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 514 doi:10.3390/min8110514 |
| ⓘ Majzlanite (TL) Formula: K2Na(ZnNa)Ca(SO4)4 Type Locality: References: Siidra, Oleg I., Nazarchuk, Evgeny V., Zaitsev, Anatoly N., Shilovskikh, Vladimir V. (2020) Majzlanite, K2Na(ZnNa)Ca(SO4)4, a new anhydrous sulfate mineral with complex cation substitutions from Tolbachik volcano. Mineralogical Magazine, 84 (1) 153-158 doi:10.1180/mgm.2019.68 |
| ⓘ Malladrite Formula: Na2[SiF6] References: Serafimova, E.K., Semenova, T.F., Vergasova, L.P., Filatov, S.K., Epifanova, V.B., Anan’yev, V.V. (1996) New data on malladrite Na2SiF6, a mineral of volcanic exhalations from the Large Tolbachik Fissure Eruption. Volcanol. Seismol.: 1: 46–55. |
| ⓘ Mallardite Formula: Mn2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| ⓘ Manganobadalovite (TL) Formula: NaNaMn(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Manganohatertite (TL) Formula: NaNaCa(MnFe3+)(AsO4)3 Type Locality: References: Koshlyakova, N.N., Pekov, I.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Bullock, E., Belakovskiy, D.I., Zubkova, N.V., Chukanov, N.V., Britvin, S.N., Bulakh, M.O., Burns, P.C., Hazen, R.M. and Zhitova, E.S. (2024) Manganohatertite, IMA 2023-098. CNMNC Newsletter 77; Mineralogical Magazine, 88, https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2024.5 |
| ⓘ Marinaite (TL) Formula: Cu2Fe3+O2(BO3) Type Locality: References: Chaplygin, Ilya V.; Yudovskaya, Marina A.; Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Ksenofontov, Dmitry A.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Griboedova, Irina G.; et al. (2025) Marinaite, Cu 2 Fe 3+ O 2 (BO 3 ), a new ludwigite-group mineral from Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-24 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10179 |
| ⓘ Markhininite (TL) Formula: TlBi(SO4)2 Type Locality: References: Siidra, Oleg I., Vergasova, Lidiya P., Kretser, Yuri L., Polekhovsky, Yuri S., Filatov, Stanislav K., Krivovichev, Sergey V. (2014) Unique thallium mineralization in the fumaroles of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. III. Evdokimovite, Tl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (7) 1711-1724 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.7.14 Siidra, Oleg I., Vergasova, Lidiya P., Krivovichev, Sergey V., Kretser, Yuri L., Zaitsev, Anatoly N., Filatov, Stanislav K. (2014) Unique thallium mineralization in the fumaroles of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. I. Markhininite, TlBi(SO4)2. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (7) 1687-1698 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.7.12 |
| ⓘ Masaitisite (TL) Formula: KCu5O2(SeO3)2Cl3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, I. V; Murashko, M. N; Agakhanov, A. A; Vigasina, M. F; Britvin, S. N; Turchkova, A. G (2025) Masaitisite, KCu 5 O 2 (Se 4+ O 3 ) 2 Cl 3 , a New Mineral from Fumarole Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Zapiski of the Russian Mineralogical Society, CLIV (6). 27-39 |
| ⓘ Mcbirneyite Formula: Cu3(VO4)2 Localities: Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Medvedevite (TL) Formula: KMn2+2V2O6Cl · 2H2O Type Locality: References: Shablinskii, Andrey P., Avdontceva, Margarita S., Vergasova, Lidiya P., Filatov, Stanislav K., Avdontseva, Evgenia Yu., Povolotskiy, Alexey V., Moskaleva, Svetlana V., Kargopoltsev, Anatoly A., Britvin, Sergey N., Shorets, Olga U. (2022) Medvedevite, KMn2+V5+2O6Cl⋅2H2O, a new fumarolic mineral from the Tolbachik fissure eruption 2012–2013, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 86 (3) 478-485 doi:10.1180/mgm.2022.38 |
| ⓘ Melanarsite (TL) Formula: K3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Polekhovsky, Yury S., Vigasina, Marina F., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y. (2016) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. VI. Melanarsite, K3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4. Mineralogical Magazine, 80 (5) 855-867 doi:10.1180/minmag.2016.080.027 |
| ⓘ Melanothallite Formula: Cu2Cl2O Localities: Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaFirst scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaNovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ 'Melilite Group' Formula: Ca2M(XSiO7) References: Sharygin, Victor, Kamenetsky, Vadim, Zhitova, Liudmila, Belousov, Alexander, Abersteiner, Adam (2018) Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 514 doi:10.3390/min8110514 |
| ⓘ Mellizinkalite (TL) Formula: K3Zn2Cl7 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Lykova, Inna S., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Britvin, Sergey N., Yu. Pushcharovsky, Dmitry (2015) New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. I. Mellizinkalite, K3Zn2Cl7. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (2) 247-253 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2430 |
| ⓘ Meniaylovite (TL) Formula: Ca4[(SO4)(SiF6)(AlF6)]F · 12H2O Localities: First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Mercallite Formula: KHSO4 |
| ⓘ Metathénardite (TL) Formula: Na2SO4 Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGlavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia Description: see image of associated belomarinaite
|
| ⓘ Milkovoite (TL) Formula: Cu4O(PO4)(AsO4) Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Mitscherlichite Formula: K2CuCl4 · 2H2O References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Lykova, Inna S., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Britvin, Sergey N., Yu. Pushcharovsky, Dmitry (2015) New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. I. Mellizinkalite, K3Zn2Cl7. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (2) 247-253 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2430 |
| ⓘ Moissanite Formula: SiC |
| ⓘ Molybdenite Formula: MoS2 |
| ⓘ Molybdite Formula: MoO3 |
| ⓘ Molybdomenite Formula: PbSeO3 |
| ⓘ Monticellite Formula: CaMg(SiO4) References: Sharygin, Victor, Kamenetsky, Vadim, Zhitova, Liudmila, Belousov, Alexander, Abersteiner, Adam (2018) Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 514 doi:10.3390/min8110514 |
| ⓘ Mottramite Formula: PbCu(VO4)(OH) References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 1: Neso-, cyclo-, ino- and phyllosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 101-119 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-101-2020 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Munakataite Formula: Pb2Cu2(Se4+O3)(SO4)(OH)4 References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Murdochite Formula: Cu12Pb2O15Cl2 References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 1: Neso-, cyclo-, ino- and phyllosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 101-119 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-101-2020 |
| ⓘ Nabokoite (TL) Formula: KCu7(SO4)5(Te4+O3)OCl Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGreat Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Nataliyamalikite Formula: TlI |
| ⓘ Native Aluminium Formula: Al |
| ⓘ Native Cadmium Formula: Cd |
| ⓘ Native Copper Formula: Cu References: Gordeev, E. I., Karpov, G. A., Anikin, L. P., Krivovichev, S. V., Filatov, S. K., Antonov, A. V., Ovsyannikov, A. A. (2014) Diamonds in lavas of the Tolbachik fissure eruption in Kamchatka. Doklady Earth Sciences, 454 (1) 47-49 doi:10.1134/s1028334x14010097 |
| ⓘ Native Gold Formula: Au Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Native Iron Formula: Fe Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Native Lead Formula: Pb |
| ⓘ Native Nickel Formula: Ni |
| ⓘ Native Palladium Formula: (Pd,Pt) |
| ⓘ Native Platinum Formula: Pt |
| ⓘ Native Selenium Formula: Se |
| ⓘ Native Silicon Formula: Si |
| ⓘ Native Silver Formula: Ag Localities: Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Native Sulphur Formula: S8 |
| ⓘ Native Tellurium Formula: Te |
| ⓘ Native Tin Formula: Sn References: Gordeev, E. I., Karpov, G. A., Anikin, L. P., Krivovichev, S. V., Filatov, S. K., Antonov, A. V., Ovsyannikov, A. A. (2014) Diamonds in lavas of the Tolbachik fissure eruption in Kamchatka. Doklady Earth Sciences, 454 (1) 47-49 doi:10.1134/s1028334x14010097 |
| ⓘ Native Titanium Formula: Ti Localities: Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaFirst scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Native Tungsten Formula: W |
| ⓘ Native Zinc Formula: Zn References: Gordeev, E. I., Karpov, G. A., Anikin, L. P., Krivovichev, S. V., Filatov, S. K., Antonov, A. V., Ovsyannikov, A. A. (2014) Diamonds in lavas of the Tolbachik fissure eruption in Kamchatka. Doklady Earth Sciences, 454 (1) 47-49 doi:10.1134/s1028334x14010097 |
| ⓘ Natrite Formula: Na2CO3 |
| ⓘ Natroaphthitalite (TL) Formula: KNa3(SO4)2 Type Locality: References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Chukanov, Nikita V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Zubkova, Natalia V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G. (2020) Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. II. A new mineral, natroaphthitalite, and new data on belomarinaite. The Canadian Mineralogist, 58 (2). 167-181 doi:10.3749/canmin.1900076 |
| ⓘ Natromolybdite (TL) Formula: Na2MoO4 · 2H2O Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Nepheline Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16) References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 |
| ⓘ Nesquehonite Formula: MgCO3 · 3H2O |
| ✪ Nickenichite Formula: Na0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3 Colour: blue References: Pekov, Igor V., Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Gurzhiy, Vladislav V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Vigasina, Marina F., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Giester, Gerald (2019) Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathénardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57 (6) 885-901 doi:10.3749/canmin.1900050 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; et al. (2025) Achyrophanite, (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5, a New Mineral with the Novel Structure Type from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 15 (7). doi:10.3390/min15070706 |
| ⓘ Nicksobolevite (TL) Formula: Cu7(SeO3)2O2Cl6 Type Locality: References: Vergasova, Lidiya P., Semenova, Tatiana F., Krivovichev, Sergey V., Filatov, Stanislav K., Zolotarev Jr, Andrey A., Ananiev, Vladimir V. (2014) Nicksobolevite, Cu7(SeO3)2O2Cl6, a new complex copper oxoselenite chloride from Tolbachik fumaroles, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 26 (3) 439-449 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2014/0026-2383 |
| ⓘ Nishanbaevite (TL) Formula: KAl2O(AsO4)(SO4) Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Britvin, Sergey N., Agakhanov, Atali A., Turchkova, Anna G., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Kutyrev, Anton V., Blatov, Vladislav A., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y. (2023) Nishanbaevite, KAl2O(AsO4)(SO4), a new As/S-ordered arsenate-sulfate mineral of fumarolic origin. Mineralogy and Petrology, 117 (2) 247-257 doi:10.1007/s00710-022-00803-0 |
| ⓘ Novograblenovite (TL) Formula: (NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O Type Locality: References: Okrugin, Viktor M., Kudaeva, Sharapat S., Karimova, Oxana V., Yakubovich, Olga V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Chukanov, Nikita V., Zolotarev, Andrey A., Gurzhiy, Vladislav V., Zinovieva, Nina G., Shiryaev, Andrey A., Kartashov, Pavel M. (2019) The new mineral novograblenovite, (NH4,K)MgCl3·6H2O from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral description and crystal structure. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (2) 223-231 doi:10.1180/mgm.2018.88 |
ⓘ 'Oborite'References: Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Agakhanov, Atali A., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Turchkova, Anna G., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3. Minerals, 12 (7) 850 doi:10.3390/min12070850 |
| ⓘ 'Olivine Group' Formula: M2SiO4 References: Sharygin, Victor, Kamenetsky, Vadim, Zhitova, Liudmila, Belousov, Alexander, Abersteiner, Adam (2018) Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 514 doi:10.3390/min8110514 |
| ⓘ Olsacherite Formula: Pb2(Se6+O4)(SO4) References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Britvin, Sergey N., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2015) New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. III. Cryobostryxite, KZnCl3·2H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (6) 805-812 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2482 |
| ⓘ Opal Formula: SiO2 · nH2O Localities: Western paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaNorthern fumarole field, First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Orthoclase Formula: K(AlSi3O8) Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Orthoclase var. Arsenic-bearing Orthoclase Formula: KAl(Si,As)3O8 Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'References: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V.S., Mavrogenes, J.A., Gurenko, A.A., Danyushevsky, L.V. (2018) Silicate-sulfide liquid immiscibility in modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka): Part I. Occurrence and compositions of sulfide melts. Chemical Geology, 478. 102-111 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.09.013 |
| ⓘ Ozerovaite (TL) Formula: Na2KAl3(AsO4)4 Localities: Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Palmierite Formula: K2Pb(SO4)2 Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Pansnerite (TL) Formula: K3Na3(Fe3+,Al)6(AsO4)8 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Agakhanov, Atali A., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Britvin, Sergey N., Turchkova, Anna G., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y. (2020) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XIII. Pansnerite, K3Na3Fe3+6(AsO4)8. Mineralogical Magazine, 84 (1) 143-151 doi:10.1180/mgm.2019.48 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; et al. (2025) Achyrophanite, (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5, a New Mineral with the Novel Structure Type from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 15 (7). doi:10.3390/min15070706 |
| ⓘ Paraberzeliite (TL) Formula: NaCa2Mg2(AsO4)3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Zubkova, Natalia V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XVII. Paraberzeliite, NaCaCaMg2(AsO4)3, an alluaudite-group member dimorphous with berzeliite. Mineralogical Magazine, 86 (1) 103-111 doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.82 |
| ⓘ Parageorgbokiite (TL) Formula: Cu5(SeO3)2O2Cl2 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Paralammerite (TL) Formula: Cu3(AsO4)2 Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGreat Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Paramolybdomenite (TL) Formula: PbSeO3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Paratacamite Formula: Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2 References: Chukanov, N. V., Murashko, M. N., Zadov, A. E., Bushmakin, A. F. (2007) Avdoninite, K2Cu5Cl8(OH)4 · H2O, a new mineral species from volcanic exhalations and the technogenic zone at volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits. Geology of Ore Deposits, 49 (7) 505-508 doi:10.1134/s1075701507070021 |
| ⓘ Paratellurite Formula: TeO2 |
| ⓘ Parawulffite (TL) Formula: K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8 Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Pargasite Formula: NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 1: Neso-, cyclo-, ino- and phyllosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 101-119 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-101-2020 |
| ⓘ Parsettensite Formula: (K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O References: Sharygin, Victor, Kamenetsky, Vadim, Zhitova, Liudmila, Belousov, Alexander, Abersteiner, Adam (2018) Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 514 doi:10.3390/min8110514 |
| ⓘ Pauflerite (TL) Formula: (V4+O)SO4 Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaFirst scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGreat Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Paulgrothite (TL) Formula: Cu9Fe3+O4(PO4)4Cl3 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Pentlandite Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8 References: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V.S., Mavrogenes, J.A., Gurenko, A.A., Danyushevsky, L.V. (2018) Silicate-sulfide liquid immiscibility in modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka): Part I. Occurrence and compositions of sulfide melts. Chemical Geology, 478. 102-111 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.09.013 |
| ⓘ Perovskite Formula: CaTiO3 References: Sharygin, Victor, Kamenetsky, Vadim, Zhitova, Liudmila, Belousov, Alexander, Abersteiner, Adam (2018) Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 514 doi:10.3390/min8110514 |
| ⓘ Petrovite (TL) Formula: Na12Cu2(SO4)8 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Pharmazincite (TL) Formula: KZnAsO4 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Zubkova, Natalia V., Sidorov, Evgeny G. (2017) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. VII. Pharmazincite, KZnAsO4. Mineralogical Magazine, 81 (4) 1001-1008 doi:10.1180/minmag.2016.080.146 |
| ⓘ Philoxenite (TL) Formula: (K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3(Fe3+0.5Al0.5)(SO4)8 Type Locality: References: Pekov, I.V., Agakhanov, A.A., Zubkova, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Vigasina, M.F., Britvin, S.N., Turchkova, A.G., Sidorov, E.G. (2020) Philoxenite, (K,Na,Pb)4(Na,Ca)2(Mg,Cu)3( Al0.5)(SO4)8, a new mineral from fumarole exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Notes of the Russian Mineralogical Society: 149(4): 67-77. |
| ⓘ Phlogopite Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Phoenicochroite Formula: Pb2(CrO4)O References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Pickeringite Formula: MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| ⓘ Pilipenkoite (TL) Formula: KCu(AsO4) · H2O Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Piypite (TL) Formula: K4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl Localities: Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaNovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaFirst scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ 'Plagioclase' Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 Localities: 2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTumrok Range volcanic province, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Pliniusite (TL) Formula: Ca5(VO4)3F Localities: Southern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Polyarsite (TL) Formula: Na7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhitova, Elena S.; et al. (2026) Polyarsite, Na7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl, a New Mineral with Unique Complex Layers in the Novel-Type Crystal Structure. Minerals, 16 (2). doi:10.3390/min16020122 |
| ⓘ Ponomarevite (TL) Formula: K4Cu4Cl10O Localities: First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaNovaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Popovite (TL) Formula: Cu5O2(AsO4)2 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2015) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. III. Popovite, Cu5O2(AsO4)2. Mineralogical Magazine, 79 (1) 133-143 doi:10.1180/minmag.2015.079.1.11 |
| ⓘ Potassic-fluoro-richterite Formula: K(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)F2 References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 |
| ⓘ Potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite Formula: KNa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si8O22)F2 References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhitova, Elena S.; et al. (2026) Polyarsite, Na7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl, a New Mineral with Unique Complex Layers in the Novel-Type Crystal Structure. Minerals, 16 (2). doi:10.3390/min16020122 |
| ⓘ Powellite Formula: Ca(MoO4) Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaWestern paleo-fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Prewittite (TL) Formula: KPb1.5ZnCu6(SeO3)2O2Cl10 Type Locality: Habit: Separate tabular crystals up to 0.2 mm in maximum dimension. Colour: Olive green References: Shuvalov, R. R., Vergasova, L. P., Semenova, T. F., Filatov, S. K., Krivovichev, S. V., Siidra, O. I., Rudashevsky, N. S. (2013) Prewittite, KPb1.5Cu6Zn(SeO3)2O2Cl10, a new mineral from Tolbachik fumaroles, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia: Description and crystal structure. American Mineralogist, 98 (2) 463-469 doi:10.2138/am.2013.4174 |
| ⓘ Pseudobrookite Formula: Fe3+2Ti4+O5 Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Pseudolyonsite (TL) Formula: Cu3(VO4)2 Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Puninite (TL) Formula: Na2Cu3O(SO4)3 Type Locality: References: Siidra, Oleg I., Nazarchuk, Evgenii V., Zaitsev, Anatoly N., Lukina, Evgeniya A., Avdontseva, Evgeniya Y., Vergasova, Lidiya P, Vlasenko, Natalia S., Filatov, Stanislav K., Turner, Rick, Karpov, Gennady A. (2017) Copper oxosulphates from fumaroles of Tolbachik volcano: puninite, Na2Cu3O(SO4)3 – a new mineral species and structure refinements of kamchatkite and alumoklyuchevskite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 29 (3) 499-510 doi:10.1127/ejm/2017/0029-2619 |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 |
| ⓘ Pyromorphite Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group' Formula: ADSi2O6 References: Sharygin, Victor, Kamenetsky, Vadim, Zhitova, Liudmila, Belousov, Alexander, Abersteiner, Adam (2018) Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 514 doi:10.3390/min8110514 |
| ⓘ Pyrrhotite Formula: Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Qusongite Formula: WC |
| ⓘ Reznitskyite (TL) Formula: CaMg(VO4)F Type Locality: References: Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Pekov, Igor V., Vigasina, Marina F., Zubkova, Natalia V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) Reznitskyite, CaMg(VO4)F, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia and the first vanadate with a titanite-type structure. Mineralogical Magazine, 86 (2) 307-313 doi:10.1180/mgm.2022.16 Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Agakhanov, Atali A., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Turchkova, Anna G., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3. Minerals, 12 (7) 850 doi:10.3390/min12070850 |
| ⓘ Rhabdoborite-(Mo) (TL) Formula: Mg12Mo6+1.33O6(BO3)6F2 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Agakhanov, Atali A., Vigasina, Marina F., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2020) Rhabdoborite-(V), rhabdoborite-(Mo) and rhabdoborite-(W): a new group of borate minerals with the general formula Mg12M1 1/3[(BO3)6–x(PO4)xF2–x] (M = V5+, Mo6+ or W6+ and x < 1) Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 47 (10) doi:10.1007/s00269-020-01105-7 |
| ⓘ Rhabdoborite-(V) (TL) Formula: Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1) Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Rhabdoborite-(W) (TL) Formula: Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Rheniite Formula: ReS2 |
| ⓘ Romanorlovite (TL) Formula: K8Cu6Cl17(OH)3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, I. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Britvin, S. N., Vigasina, M. F., Lykova, I. S., Zubkova, N. V., Krivovichev, S. V., Sidorov, E. G. (2017) Romanorlovite, a New Copper and Potassium Hydroxychloride from the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Geology of Ore Deposits, 59 (7) 601-608 doi:10.1134/s107570151707008x |
| ⓘ Rutile Formula: TiO2 Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Rutile var. Iron- and Antimony-bearing Rutile Formula: (Ti,Fe,Sb)O2 References: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Belakovskiy, D. I., Chukanov, N. V., Lykova, I. S., Savelyev, D. P., Sidorov, E. G., Pushcharovsky, D. Y. (2014) Wulffite, K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4, and parawulffite, K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8, two new minerals from fumarole sublimates of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 52 (4) 699-716 doi:10.3749/canmin.1400018 |
| ⓘ Ryabchikovite (TL) Formula: CuMgSi2O6 Type Locality: References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Vereshchagin, Oleg S., Pekov, Igor V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Shilovskikh, Vladimir V., Pankin, Dmitriy V., Britvin, Sergey N., Sandalov, Fedor D., Sidorov, Evgeny G. (2023) Ryabchikovite, CuMg(Si2O6), a new pyroxene group mineral, and some genetic features of natural anhydrous copper silicates. American Mineralogist, 108 (7) 1399-1408 doi:10.2138/am-2022-8620 |
| ⓘ Saltonseaite Formula: K3NaMnCl6 References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Britvin, Sergey N., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry . YU (2015) New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. II. Flinteite, K2ZnCl4. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (4) 581-588 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2459 Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Britvin, Sergey N., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2015) New zinc and potassium chlorides from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral data and crystal chemistry. III. Cryobostryxite, KZnCl3·2H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (6) 805-812 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2482 |
| ⓘ Sanguite (TL) Formula: KCuCl3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Lykova, Inna S., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2015) Sanguite, KCuCl3, A New Mineral From the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 53 (4) 633-641 doi:10.3749/canmin.1500012 |
| ⓘ Sanidine Formula: K(AlSi3O8) Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Saranchinaite (TL) Formula: Na2Cu(SO4)2 Localities: Naboko cinder cone, Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
ⓘ 'Scapolite'References: Chayka, Ivan F., Baykov, Nikolay I., Kamenetsky, Vadim S., Kutyrev, Anton V., Pushkarev, Evgenii V., Abersteiner, Adam, Shcherbakov, Vasily D. (2023) Volcano–Plutonic Complex of the Tumrok Range (Eastern Kamchatka): An Example of the Ural-Alaskan Type Intrusion and Related Volcanic Series. Minerals, 13 (1) 126 doi:10.3390/min13010126 |
| ⓘ Schäferite Formula: (NaCa2)Mg2(VO4)3 Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGreat Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaNorthern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Scheelite Formula: Ca(WO4) References: Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Agakhanov, Atali A., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Turchkova, Anna G., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3. Minerals, 12 (7) 850 doi:10.3390/min12070850 |
| ⓘ Sellaite Formula: MgF2 Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup' Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4 References: Chayka, Ivan F., Baykov, Nikolay I., Kamenetsky, Vadim S., Kutyrev, Anton V., Pushkarev, Evgenii V., Abersteiner, Adam, Shcherbakov, Vasily D. (2023) Volcano–Plutonic Complex of the Tumrok Range (Eastern Kamchatka): An Example of the Ural-Alaskan Type Intrusion and Related Volcanic Series. Minerals, 13 (1) 126 doi:10.3390/min13010126 |
| ⓘ Shcherbinaite Formula: V5+2O5 Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGreat Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaFirst scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Shchurovskyite (TL) Formula: K2CaCu6O2(AsO4)4 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Vigasina, Marina F., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu (2015) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. IV. Shchurovskyite, K2CaCu6O2(AsO4)4 and dmisokolovite, K3Cu5AlO2(AsO4)4. Mineralogical Magazine, 79 (7) 1737-1753 doi:10.1180/minmag.2015.079.7.02 |
| ⓘ Shuvalovite (TL) Formula: K2(Ca2Na)(SO4)3F Type Locality: References: Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2014) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC), CNMNC Newsletter No. 22. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (5) 1241-1248 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.5.10 |
| ⓘ Sodalite Formula: Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 |
| ⓘ Sofiite (TL) Formula: Zn2(SeO3)Cl2 Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Spangolite Formula: Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS |
| ⓘ Spinel Formula: MgAl2O4 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Starovaite (TL) Formula: KCu5O(VO4)3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zelenski, Michael E., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Polekhovsky, Yury S., Murashko, M Ikhailn. (2013) Starovaite, KCu5O(VO4)3, a new mineral from fumarole sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 25 (1) 91-96 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2013/0025-2258 |
| ⓘ Steklite (TL) Formula: KAl(SO4)2 Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ 'Sulfurite' Formula: S |
| ⓘ 'Sulfurite var. Arsensulfurite' Formula: (S,As)8 |
| ⓘ Svabite Formula: Ca5(AsO4)3F Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSouthern fumarole field, Mountain 1004, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Sylvite Formula: KCl Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Syngenite Formula: K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O Localities: First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaToludskoe lava field, 2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Tantite Formula: Ta2O5 |
| ⓘ Tenorite Formula: CuO |
| ⓘ Thénardite Formula: Na2SO4 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Thermaerogenite (TL) Formula: CuAl2O4 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor, Sandalov, Fedor, Koshlyakova, Natalia, Vigasina, Marina, Polekhovsky, Yury, Britvin, Sergey, Sidorov, Evgeny, Turchkova, Anna (2018) Copper in Natural Oxide Spinels: The New Mineral Thermaerogenite CuAl2O4, Cuprospinel and Cu-Enriched Varieties of Other Spinel-Group Members from Fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 498 doi:10.3390/min8110498 |
| ⓘ Thermonatrite Formula: Na2CO3 · H2O |
| ⓘ Tilasite Formula: CaMg(AsO4)F References: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Belakovskiy, D. I., Lykova, I. S., Vigasina, M. F., Sidorov, E. G., Pushcharovsky, D. Yu. (2014) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Yurmarinite, Na7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (4) 905-917 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.4.10 Pekov, Igor V., Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Gurzhiy, Vladislav V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Vigasina, Marina F., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Giester, Gerald (2019) Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Metathénardite, a natural high-temperature modification of Na2SO4. The Canadian Mineralogist, 57 (6) 885-901 doi:10.3749/canmin.1900050 Bulakh, M. O., Pekov, I. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Sidorov, E. G. (2022) Ludwigite and Yuanfuliite from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Geology of Ore Deposits, 64 (8) 607-621 doi:10.1134/s1075701522080037 Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Agakhanov, Atali A., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Turchkova, Anna G., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3. Minerals, 12 (7) 850 doi:10.3390/min12070850 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; et al. (2025) Achyrophanite, (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5, a New Mineral with the Novel Structure Type from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 15 (7). doi:10.3390/min15070706 Bulakh, M. O; Britvin, S. N; Zubkova, N. V; Yapaskurt, V. O; Agakhanov, A. A; Anikin, L. P; Pekov, I. V (2025) Fredrikssonite from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano (Kamchatka, Russia), its Crystal Structure and Chemical-Genetic Features. Zapiski of the Russian Mineralogical Society, CLIV (3). 56-72 |
| ⓘ Tistarite Formula: Ti3+2O3 |
| ⓘ Titanite Formula: CaTiO(SiO4) Localities: 2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTumrok Range volcanic province, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Tolbachite (TL) Formula: CuCl2 Localities: First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaGreat Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Tremolite Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Trevorite Formula: Ni2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ Tridymite Formula: SiO2 References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda, Pekov, Igor, Britvin, Sergey, Koshlyakova, Natalia, Vigasina, Marina, Sidorov, Evgeny (2019) A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe3+Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron. Minerals, 9 (12) 770 doi:10.3390/min9120770 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhitova, Elena S.; et al. (2026) Polyarsite, Na7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2Cl, a New Mineral with Unique Complex Layers in the Novel-Type Crystal Structure. Minerals, 16 (2). doi:10.3390/min16020122 |
| ⓘ Tripuhyite Formula: Fe3+Sb5+O4 Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Udinaite (TL) Formula: NaMg4(VO4)3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Agakhanov, Atali A., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Turchkova, Anna G., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3. Minerals, 12 (7) 850 doi:10.3390/min12070850 |
| ⓘ Uklonskovite Formula: NaMg(SO4)F · 2H2O References: Pekov, Igor V., Krzhizhanovskaya, Maria G., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Sidorov, Evgeny G. (2015) Kononovite, NaMg(SO4)F, a new mineral from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (4) 575-580 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2457 |
| ⓘ Ulvöspinel Formula: TiFe2+2O4 References: Sharygin, Victor, Kamenetsky, Vadim, Zhitova, Liudmila, Belousov, Alexander, Abersteiner, Adam (2018) Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 514 doi:10.3390/min8110514 |
| ⓘ 'UM1984-21-PO:AsCu' Formula: Cu3(PO4,AsO4)2 References: Filatov, S.K., Gaidamako, L.M., Glavatskikh, S.F., Starova, G.L., Sorokin, N.D. (1984) Exhalation lammerite Cu3[(As,P)O4]2,(Kamchatka). Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSR: 279: 197-200. (in Russian) |
| ⓘ 'UM1995-05-E:FeMn' Formula: Fe6Mn |
| ⓘ 'Unnamed (Lyonsite-like Cu-Fe-Vanadate)' Formula: (Cu,Zn)2(Fe,Al)2[(V,Mo,S,As)O4]3 |
| ⓘ Urusovite (TL) Formula: CuAl(AsO4)O Localities: Novaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Vanadinite Formula: Pb5(VO4)3Cl References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Vanthoffite Formula: Na6Mg(SO4)4 Localities: Glavnaya Tenoritovaya fumarole (Major Tenorite), Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Vasilseverginite (TL) Formula: Cu9O4(AsO4)2(SO4)2 Type Locality: References: Pekov, I.V., Britvin, S.N., Yapaskurt, V.O., Krivovichev, S.V., Vigasina, M.F. and Sidorov, E.G. (2021) Vasilseverginite, Cu9O4(AsO4)2(SO4)2, a new fumarolic mineral with a hybrid structure containing novel anion-centered tetrahedral structural units. American Mineralogist: 106: 633-640. |
| ⓘ Vauquelinite Formula: Pb2Cu(CrO4)(PO4)(OH) References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S. (2025) Paramolybdomenite, PbSeO3, a new mineral dimorphous with molybdomenite from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-22 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10166 Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Vergasovaite (TL) Formula: Cu3(SO4)(MoO4,SO4)O Localities: Treschina fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Vernadite Formula: (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O References: Pekov, I. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Zubkova, N. V., Koshlyakova, N. N., Shchipalkina, N. V., Sandalov, F. D., ... & Sidorov, E. G. (2020). Oxidizing-type fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, a mineralogical and geochemical unique. Russian Geology and Geophysics, 61(5-6), 675-688. |
| ⓘ Viskontite (TL) Formula: Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Strel’nikov, Mikhail V.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; Kupchinenko, Anastasia N. (2026) The new minerals viskontite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and chromviskontite, Pb5Cu2(CrO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6, and a novel caledonite-based solid-solution system. Mineralogical Magazine, p.1-33. doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10246 |
| ⓘ Vladkuzminite (TL) Formula: K4CuZn3(AsO4)4 Type Locality: References: Koshlyakova, N. N., Pekov, I. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Burns, P. C., Zubkova, N. V., Vigasina, M. F., Britvin, S. N., Hazen, R. M., and Zhitova, E. S.: Vladkuzminite, IMA 2023-106, in: CNMNC Newsletter 78, Eur. J. Mineral., 36, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-361-2024, 2024. |
| ⓘ Vlodavetsite (TL) Formula: AlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2O |
| ⓘ Volborthite Formula: Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Wagnerite Formula: Mg2(PO4)F References: Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Agakhanov, Atali A., Ksenofontov, Dmitry A., Turchkova, Anna G., Britvin, Sergey N., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2022) A Natural Vanadate–Arsenate Isomorphous Series with Jeffbenite-Type Structure: New Fumarolic Minerals Udinaite, NaMg4(VO4)3, and Arsenudinaite, NaMg4(AsO4)3. Minerals, 12 (7) 850 doi:10.3390/min12070850 |
| ⓘ Wollastonite Formula: Ca3(Si3O9) Localities: 2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaTumrok Range volcanic province, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Wrightite (TL) Formula: K2Al2O(AsO4)2 Type Locality: References: Shablinskii, Andrey P., Filatov, Stanislav K., Vergasova, Lidyua P., Avdontseva, Eugeniya Yu., Moskaleva, Svetlana V. (2018) Wrightite, K2Al2O(AsO4)2, a new oxo-orthoarsenate from the Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 82 (6) 1243-1251 doi:10.1180/minmag.2017.081.091 |
| ⓘ Wulfenite Formula: Pb(MoO4) |
| ⓘ Wulffite (TL) Formula: K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4 Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Xonotlite Formula: Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 References: Chayka, Ivan F., Baykov, Nikolay I., Kamenetsky, Vadim S., Kutyrev, Anton V., Pushkarev, Evgenii V., Abersteiner, Adam, Shcherbakov, Vasily D. (2023) Volcano–Plutonic Complex of the Tumrok Range (Eastern Kamchatka): An Example of the Ural-Alaskan Type Intrusion and Related Volcanic Series. Minerals, 13 (1) 126 doi:10.3390/min13010126 |
| ⓘ Yangzhumingite Formula: KMg2.5(Si4O10)F2 References: Shchipalkina, Nadezhda V., Pekov, Igor V., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Britvin, Sergey N., Zubkova, Natalia V., Varlamov, Dmitry A., Sidorov, Eugeny G. (2020) Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (1) 121-136 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 |
| ⓘ Yaroshevskite (TL) Formula: Cu9O2(VO4)4Cl2 Localities: Yadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaSecond scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Yuanfuliite Formula: Mg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3) Localities: Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaArsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Yurgensonite (TL) Formula: K2SnTiO2(AsO4)2 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; et al. (2025) Achyrophanite, (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5, a New Mineral with the Novel Structure Type from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 15 (7). doi:10.3390/min15070706 |
| ⓘ Yurmarinite (TL) Formula: Na7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6 Type Locality: References: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Yapaskurt, V. O., Belakovskiy, D. I., Lykova, I. S., Vigasina, M. F., Sidorov, E. G., Pushcharovsky, D. Yu. (2014) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. I. Yurmarinite, Na7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (4) 905-917 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.4.10 Pekov, Igor V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Zhegunov, Pavel S.; et al. (2025) Achyrophanite, (K,Na)3(Fe3+,Ti,Al,Mg)5O2(AsO4)5, a New Mineral with the Novel Structure Type from Fumarolic Exhalations of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 15 (7). doi:10.3390/min15070706 |
| ⓘ Ziesite Formula: β-Cu2(V2O7) References: Pekov, I. V., Zubkova, N. V., Zelenski, M. E., Yapaskurt, V. O., Polekhovsky, Yu. S., Fadeeva, O. A., Pushcharovsky, D. Yu. (2013) Yaroshevskite, Cu9O2(VO4)4Cl2, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 77 (1) 107-116 doi:10.1180/minmag.2013.077.1.10 |
| ⓘ Zincite Formula: ZnO Localities: Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, RussiaYadovitaya fumarole, Second scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough (North Breach), Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture), Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia |
| ⓘ Zincobradaczekite (TL) Formula: NaZn2Cu2(AsO4)3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V.; Lykova, Inna; Koshlyakova, Natalia N.; Belakovskiy, Dmitry I.; Vigasina, Marina F.; Turchkova, Anna G.; Britvin, Sergey N.; Sidorov, Evgeny G.; Scheidl, Katharina S. (2020) A new mineral species zincobradaczekite, NaCuCuZn2(AsO4)3, and a new isomorphous series bradaczekite–zincobradaczekite in the alluaudite group. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 47 (8). 36 doi:10.1007/s00269-020-01104-8 |
| ⓘ Zincochromite Formula: ZnCr2O4 References: Pekov, Igor, Sandalov, Fedor, Koshlyakova, Natalia, Vigasina, Marina, Polekhovsky, Yury, Britvin, Sergey, Sidorov, Evgeny, Turchkova, Anna (2018) Copper in Natural Oxide Spinels: The New Mineral Thermaerogenite CuAl2O4, Cuprospinel and Cu-Enriched Varieties of Other Spinel-Group Members from Fumaroles of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Minerals, 8 (11) 498 doi:10.3390/min8110498 |
| ⓘ Zincomenite (TL) Formula: ZnSeO3 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O., Britvin, Sergey N., Chukanov, Nikita V., Lykova, Inna S., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y. (2016) Zincomenite, ZnSeO3, a new mineral from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 28 (5) 997-1004 doi:10.1127/ejm/2016/0028-2564 |
| ⓘ Zircarsite (TL) Formula: Na18Cu12ZrO8(AsO4)8Cl6 Type Locality: References: Koshlyakova, N. N., Pekov, I. V., Agakhanov, A. A., Burns, P. C., Bullock, E., Yapaskurt, V. O., Zubkova, N. V., Britvin, S. N., Hazen, R. M., and Zhitova, E. S.: Zircarsite, IMA 2024-037, in: CNMNC Newsletter 81, Eur. J. Mineral., 36, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-917-2024, 2024. |
| ⓘ Zircon Formula: Zr(SiO4) |
| ⓘ Zubkovaite (TL) Formula: Ca3Cu3(AsO4)4 Type Locality: References: Pekov, Igor V., Lykova, Inna S., Agakhanov, Atali A., Belakovskiy, Dmitry I., Vigasina, Marina F., Britvin, Sergey N., Turchkova, Anna G., Sidorov, Evgeny G., Scheidl, Katharina S. (2019) New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XII. Zubkovaite, Ca3Cu3(AsO4)4. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (6) 879-886 doi:10.1180/mgm.2019.33 |
First scoria cone, Northern Breakthrough, Great Fissure eruption, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia