Native Iron
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Native Iron
Formula:
Fe
Colour:
Iron-black
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
4½
Specific Gravity:
7.3 - 7.87
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Name:
Old English word for the metal.
Type Locality:
Dimorph of:
Very rare in igneous and sedimentary rocks. Forms the majority of the earth's core.
Nickel is commonly reported in iron in quantities up to several percents; meteoric iron generally contains at least 5%, and up to 25% to 65%, nickel. Because of the instability of iron under oxidizing conditions and the abundance of oxygen in the Earth's crust and atmosphere, practically all terrestrial iron occurs in the divalent (ferrous) or trivalent (ferric) state combined with other metals and nonmetallic elements in silicates, oxides, sulfides, etc.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Native Iron.
Nickel is commonly reported in iron in quantities up to several percents; meteoric iron generally contains at least 5%, and up to 25% to 65%, nickel. Because of the instability of iron under oxidizing conditions and the abundance of oxygen in the Earth's crust and atmosphere, practically all terrestrial iron occurs in the divalent (ferrous) or trivalent (ferric) state combined with other metals and nonmetallic elements in silicates, oxides, sulfides, etc.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Native Iron.Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2047
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2047:9
IMA Classification of Native Iron
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Native Iron
1.AE.05
1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
A : Metals and Intermetallic Alloys
E : Iron-chromium family
1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
A : Metals and Intermetallic Alloys
E : Iron-chromium family
Dana 7th ed.:
1.1.17.1
1.57
1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)
1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Fe | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Native Iron
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Iron-black
Streak:
Grey
Hardness:
4½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=160 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Malleable
Cleavage:
Imperfect/Fair
On {001}
On {001}
Parting:
On (112)
Fracture:
Hackly
Density:
7.3 - 7.87 g/cm3 (Measured) 7.874 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Native Iron
Type:
Isotropic
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) |
|---|---|
| 400nm | 56.8% |
| 420nm | 57.2% |
| 440nm | 57.6% |
| 460nm | 57.8% |
| 480nm | 57.9% |
| 500nm | 58.0% |
| 520nm | 58.1% |
| 540nm | 58.1% |
| 560nm | 58.1% |
| 580nm | 58.1% |
| 600nm | 58.1% |
| 620nm | 58.2% |
| 640nm | 58.2% |
| 660nm | 58.4% |
| 680nm | 58.6% |
| 700nm | 58.8% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 58.8%.
Colour in reflected light:
White
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Native Iron
Mindat Formula:
Fe
Element Weights:
| Element | % weight |
|---|---|
| Fe | 100.000 % |
Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Ni,C,Co,P,Cu,S
Crystallography of Native Iron
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m(4/m32/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:
Im3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 2.8664 Å
Unit Cell V:
23.55 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Usually in small blebs or grains.
Twinning:
(111), in lamellar masses also {112}.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0012931 | Native Iron | Jette E R, Foote F (1935) Precision determination of lattice constants Journal of Chemical Physics 3 605-616 | 1935 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0015120 | Native Iron | Davey W P (1925) Lattice constants of twelve common metals Physical Review 25 753-761 | 1925 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0015119 | Native Iron | Davey W P (1925) Lattice constants of twelve common metals Physical Review 25 753-761 | 1925 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0015335 | Native Iron | Basinski Z S, Hume-Rothery W, Sutton A L (1955) The lattice expansion of iron Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A229 459-467 | 1955 | synthetic | 0 | 513 | |
| 0015336 | Native Iron | Basinski Z S, Hume-Rothery W, Sutton A L (1955) The lattice expansion of iron Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A229 459-467 | 1955 | synthetic | 0 | 623 | |
| 0015337 | Native Iron | Basinski Z S, Hume-Rothery W, Sutton A L (1955) The lattice expansion of iron Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A229 459-467 | 1955 | synthetic | 0 | 722 | |
| 0015338 | Native Iron | Basinski Z S, Hume-Rothery W, Sutton A L (1955) The lattice expansion of iron Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A229 459-467 | 1955 | synthetic | 0 | 822 | |
| 0015339 | Native Iron | Basinski Z S, Hume-Rothery W, Sutton A L (1955) The lattice expansion of iron Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A229 459-467 | 1955 | synthetic | 0 | 921 | |
| 0019448 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 4.73 | 1073 | |
| 0019449 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 6.41 | 1073 | |
| 0019427 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 6.81 | 1273 | |
| 0019406 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 6.81 | 1273 | |
| 0019450 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 8.02 | 1073 | |
| 0019428 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 8.36 | 1273 | |
| 0019407 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 8.36 | 1273 | |
| 0019451 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 9.9 | 1073 | |
| 0019429 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 10.08 | 1273 | |
| 0019408 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 10.08 | 1273 | |
| 0019452 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 11.48 | 1073 | |
| 0019430 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 11.66 | 1273 | |
| 0019409 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 11.66 | 1273 | |
| 0019431 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 12.71 | 1273 | |
| 0019410 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 12.71 | 1273 | |
| 0019453 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 13.36 | 1073 | |
| 0019432 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 13.63 | 1273 | |
| 0019411 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 13.63 | 1273 | |
| 0019433 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 14.45 | 1273 | |
| 0019412 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 14.45 | 1273 | |
| 0019454 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 15.37 | 1073 | |
| 0019434 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 15.58 | 1273 | |
| 0019413 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 15.58 | 1273 | |
| 0019435 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 16.63 | 1273 | |
| 0019414 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 16.63 | 1273 | |
| 0019455 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 17.47 | 1073 | |
| 0019436 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 17.59 | 1273 | |
| 0019415 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 17.59 | 1273 | |
| 0019437 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 18.69 | 1273 | |
| 0019416 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 18.69 | 1273 | |
| 0019438 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 19.7 | 1273 | |
| 0019417 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 19.7 | 1273 | |
| 0019456 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 19.82 | 1073 | |
| 0019439 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 20.64 | 1273 | |
| 0019418 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 20.64 | 1273 | |
| 0019440 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 21.57 | 1273 | |
| 0019419 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 21.57 | 1273 | |
| 0019457 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 22.34 | 1073 | |
| 0019441 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 22.44 | 1273 | |
| 0019420 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 22.44 | 1273 | |
| 0019442 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 23.17 | 1273 | |
| 0019421 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 23.17 | 1273 | |
| 0019443 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 24.19 | 1273 | |
| 0019422 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 24.19 | 1273 | |
| 0019458 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 24.37 | 1073 | |
| 0019444 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 25.01 | 1273 | |
| 0019423 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 25.01 | 1273 | |
| 0019445 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 25.72 | 1273 | |
| 0019424 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 25.72 | 1273 | |
| 0019446 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 26.55 | 1273 | |
| 0019425 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 26.55 | 1273 | |
| 0019447 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 27.44 | 1273 | |
| 0019426 | Native Iron | Nishihara Y, Nakajima Y, Akashi A, Tsujino N, Takahashi E, Funakoshi K, Higo Y (2012) Isothermal compression of face-centered cubic iron American Mineralogist 97 1417-1420 | 2012 | synthetic | 27.44 | 1273 | |
| 0008169 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 0 | 298 | ||
| 0011214 | Native Iron | Wyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Body centered cubic, bcc, structure Crystal Structures 1 7-83 | 1963 | 0 | 298 | ||
| 0011146 | Native Iron | Wyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Cubic closest packed, ccp, structure Crystal Structures 1 7-83 | 1963 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008170 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 0 | 300 | ||
| 0002760 | Native Iron | Fjellvag H, Hauback B C, Vogt T, Stolen S (2002) Monoclinic nearly stoichiometric wustite at low temperatures American Mineralogist 87 347-349 | ![]() | 2002 | 0 | 10 | |
| 0002761 | Native Iron | Fjellvag H, Hauback B C, Vogt T, Stolen S (2002) Monoclinic nearly stoichiometric wustite at low temperatures American Mineralogist 87 347-349 | ![]() | 2002 | 0 | 8 | |
| 0011215 | Native Iron | Wyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Body centered cubic, bcc, structure Crystal Structures 1 7-83 | 1963 | 0 | 1073 | ||
| 0011216 | Native Iron | Wyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Body centered cubic, bcc, structure Crystal Structures 1 7-83 | 1963 | 0 | 1700 | ||
| 0000670 | Native Iron | Wilburn D R, Bassett W A (1978) Hydrostatic compression of iron and related compounds: An overview American Mineralogist 63 591-596 | ![]() | 1978 | 0.1 | 293 | |
| 0000671 | Native Iron | Wilburn D R, Bassett W A (1978) Hydrostatic compression of iron and related compounds: An overview American Mineralogist 63 591-596 | ![]() | 1978 | 1 | 293 | |
| 0008171 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 1.3 | 299 | ||
| 0008177 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 1.8 | 573 | ||
| 0008183 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 2.3 | 773 | ||
| 0000672 | Native Iron | Wilburn D R, Bassett W A (1978) Hydrostatic compression of iron and related compounds: An overview American Mineralogist 63 591-596 | ![]() | 1978 | 2.9 | 293 | |
| 0008172 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 3 | 299 | ||
| 0008178 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 3.6 | 573 | ||
| 0000673 | Native Iron | Wilburn D R, Bassett W A (1978) Hydrostatic compression of iron and related compounds: An overview American Mineralogist 63 591-596 | ![]() | 1978 | 3.9 | 293 | |
| 0008184 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 3.9 | 773 | ||
| 0008173 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 4.3 | 299 | ||
| 0000674 | Native Iron | Wilburn D R, Bassett W A (1978) Hydrostatic compression of iron and related compounds: An overview American Mineralogist 63 591-596 | ![]() | 1978 | 4.3 | 293 | |
| 0008179 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 4.9 | 573 | ||
| 0000675 | Native Iron | Wilburn D R, Bassett W A (1978) Hydrostatic compression of iron and related compounds: An overview American Mineralogist 63 591-596 | ![]() | 1978 | 5.2 | 293 | |
| 0008185 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 5.3 | 774 | ||
| 0008174 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 5.6 | 299 | ||
| 0000676 | Native Iron | Wilburn D R, Bassett W A (1978) Hydrostatic compression of iron and related compounds: An overview American Mineralogist 63 591-596 | ![]() | 1978 | 5.7 | 293 | |
| 0008180 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 6.1 | 573 | ||
| 0008175 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 6.6 | 299 | ||
| 0008186 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 6.6 | 773 | ||
| 0000677 | Native Iron | Wilburn D R, Bassett W A (1978) Hydrostatic compression of iron and related compounds: An overview American Mineralogist 63 591-596 | ![]() | 1978 | 6.9 | 293 | |
| 0008181 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 7.2 | 572 | ||
| 0000678 | Native Iron | Wilburn D R, Bassett W A (1978) Hydrostatic compression of iron and related compounds: An overview American Mineralogist 63 591-596 | ![]() | 1978 | 7.5 | 293 | |
| 0008187 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 7.7 | 774 | ||
| 0008176 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 8.1 | 299 | ||
| 0000679 | Native Iron | Wilburn D R, Bassett W A (1978) Hydrostatic compression of iron and related compounds: An overview American Mineralogist 63 591-596 | ![]() | 1978 | 8.2 | 293 | |
| 0008182 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 8.7 | 573 | ||
| 0008188 | Native Iron | Zhang J, Guyot F (1999) Thermal equation of iron and Fe0.91Si0.09 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 26 206-211 | 1999 | 8.9 | 773 | ||
| 0000680 | Native Iron | Wilburn D R, Bassett W A (1978) Hydrostatic compression of iron and related compounds: An overview American Mineralogist 63 591-596 | ![]() | 1978 | 9.8 | 293 | |
| 0000681 | Native Iron | Wilburn D R, Bassett W A (1978) Hydrostatic compression of iron and related compounds: An overview American Mineralogist 63 591-596 | ![]() | 1978 | 10.1 | 293 | |
| 0000682 | Native Iron | Wilburn D R, Bassett W A (1978) Hydrostatic compression of iron and related compounds: An overview American Mineralogist 63 591-596 | ![]() | 1978 | 10.8 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.0268 Å | (100) |
| 1.4332 Å | (20) |
| 1.1702 Å | (30) |
| 1.0134 Å | (10) |
| 0.9064 Å | (12) |
| 0.8275 Å | (6) |
Comments:
ICDD 6-696 (Synthetic)
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Pre-terrestrial "Ur-minerals" | >4.57 |
| 1 : Stellar atmosphere condensates | |
| Stage 1: Primary nebular phases | 4.567-4.561 |
| 3 : Solar nebular condensates (CAIs, AOAs, URIs) | >4.565 |
| 4 : Primary chondrule phases | 4.566–4.561 |
| Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration | 4.566-4.550 |
| 5 : Primary asteroid phases | 4.566–4.560 |
| 6 : Secondary asteroid phases | 4.566-4.560 |
| Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
| 7 : Ultramafic igneous rocks | |
| 8 : Mafic igneous rocks | |
| 11 : Volcanic fumarole minerals; reduced phases (see also #45) | |
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 36 : Carbonatites, kimberlites, and related igneous rocks | |
| Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics | <3.5-2.5 |
| 38 : Ophiolites | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
| 53 : Other minerals with taphonomic origins | <0.4 |
| Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
| 54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56) |
Type Occurrence of Native Iron
Synonyms of Native Iron
Other Language Names for Native Iron
Afrikaans:Yster
Albanian:Hekuri
Alemannic:Eisen
Arabic:حديد
Armenian:Երկաթ
Asturian:Fierro
Azeri:Dəmir
Basque:Burdina
Belarusian:Жалеза
Belarusian (Tarashkevitsa):Жалеза
Bengali:লোহা
Bosnian:Željezo
Breton:Houarn
Bulgarian:Желязо
Catalan:Ferro
Chuvash:Тимĕр
Corsican:Ferru
Croatian:Željezo
Czech:Železo
Danish:Gedigent Jern
Dutch:IJzer
Erzya:Кшни
Esperanto:Fero
Estonian:Raud
Farsi/Persian:آهن
Finnish:Rauta
Friulian:Fier
Galician:Ferro
Georgian:რკინა
Greek:Σίδηρος
Guarani:Kuarepoti
Gujarati:લોખંડ
Haitian:Fè
Hakka:Thiet
Hebrew:ברזל
Hindi:लोहम्
Hungarian:Vas
Icelandic:Járn
Ido:Fero
Indonesian:Besi
Interlingua:Ferro
Irish Gaelic:Iarann
Italian:Ferro
Japanese:自然鉄
Javanese:Wesi
Kongo:Kibende
Korean:철
Kurdish (Latin Script):Hesin
Latin:Ferrum
Latvian:Dzelzs
Limburgian:Iezer
Lingala:Ebendé
Lithuanian:Geležis
Lojban:Tirse
Low Saxon/Low German:Iesen
Luxembourgish:Eisen
Macedonian:Железо
Malay:Besi
Malayalam:ഇരുമ്പ്
Maltese:Ħadid
Manx:Yiarn
Maori:Rino
Marathi:लोखंड
Min Nan:Fe
Mongolian:Төмөр
Nahuatl:Tlīltepoztli
Norman:Fé
Norwegian:Gedigent Jern
Norwegian (Nynorsk):Gedigent Jern
Occitan:Fèrre
Polish:Żelazo
Portuguese:Ferro
Quechua:Chuki
Ripuarian:Eisen
Romanian:Fier
Russian:Железо
Sanskrit:लोहम्
Scots:Airn
Scottish Gaelic:Iarann
Serbian:Гвожђе
Serbo-Croatian:Željezo
Sicilian:Ferru
Simplified Chinese:自然铁
Slovak:Železo
Slovenian:Železo
Spanish:Hierro
Swahili:Chuma
Swedish:Järn
Tajik (Cyrillic Script):Оҳан
Tamil:இரும்பு
Telugu:ఇనుము
Thai:เหล็ก
Traditional Chinese:自然鐵
Turkish:Demir
Ukrainian:Залізо
Uzbek (Latin Script):Temir
Venetian:Fero
Vietnamese:Sắt
Welsh:Haearn
Yiddish:אייזן
Varieties of Native Iron
| Carltonite | Meteoric Iron from the Carlton meteorite. |
| Kamacite | A nickel-rich variety of iron; α-(Fe,Ni). The principle constituent of a typical octahedrite meteorite with about 92% iron and 7% nickel. Compare also taenite, γ-(Ni,Fe). |
| Martensite | A solid-solution of carbon in alpha-iron, a deformed tetragonal phase in some meteorites and artificial steels. α2-Fe(Ni, Co) A solid solution of iron and up to one percent of carbon, the chief constituent of hardened carbon tool steels. |
| Wickelkamazite | A name given to kamacite surrounding accessory constituents in meteoritic irons. |
| sideroferrite | A variety of native iron occurring as grains in petrified wood. |
Relationship of Native Iron to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Iron Group:
| Native Vanadium | V | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Im3m |
| Steinhardtite | Al0.38Ni0.32Fe0.30 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Im3m |
| Taenite | (Ni,Fe) | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m |
| Tetrataenite | FeNi | Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/mmm |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 31 photos of Native Iron associated with Troilite | FeS |
| 31 photos of Native Iron associated with Taenite | (Ni,Fe) |
| 26 photos of Native Iron associated with 'Kamacite' | (Fe,Ni) |
| 24 photos of Native Iron associated with 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' | |
| 16 photos of Native Iron associated with Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| 15 photos of Native Iron associated with Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| 13 photos of Native Iron associated with Forsterite | Mg2(SiO4) |
| 10 photos of Native Iron associated with Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| 10 photos of Native Iron associated with Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| 9 photos of Native Iron associated with 'Hypersthene' | (Mg,Fe)SiO3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 1.AE. | Native Vanadium | V |
| 1.AE.05 | Native Chromium | Cr |
| 1.AE.05 | Hexamolybdenum | (Mo,Ru,Fe,Ir,Os) |
| 1.AE.05 | Native Tungsten | W |
| 1.AE.05 | 'Native Molybdenum' | Mo |
| 1.AE.05 | 'UM2001-06-E:CrFeNi' | Fe7Cr2Ni |
| 1.AE.10 | Taenite | (Ni,Fe) |
| 1.AE.10 | Tetrataenite | FeNi |
| 1.AE.10 | 'Antitaenite' | Fe3Ni |
| 1.AE.15 | Chromferide | Fe3Cr1-x (x = 0.6) |
| 1.AE.15 | Wairauite | CoFe |
| 1.AE.15 | Ferchromide | Cr3Fe1-x |
| 1.AE.20 | Awaruite | Ni3Fe |
| 1.AE.25 | Jedwabite | Fe7(Ta,Nb)3 |
| 1.AE.30 | 'Native Manganese' | Mn |
| 1.AE.35 | Nisnite | Ni3Sn |
Fluorescence of Native Iron
Not fluorescent in UV
Other Information
Magnetism:
Ferromagnetic
Notes:
Magnetic
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Native Iron in petrology
An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
Internet Links for Native Iron
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2047.html
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References for Native Iron
Reference List:
Bird, John M., Weathers, Maura S. (1977) Native Iron Occurrences of Disko Island, Greenland. The Journal of Geology, 85 (3) 359-371 doi:10.1086/628305
Goryunov, Michael V.; Maksimova, Alevtina A.; Oshtrakh, Michael I. (2023) Advances in Analysis of the Fe-Ni-Co Alloy and Iron-Bearing Minerals in Meteorites by Mössbauer Spectroscopy with a High Velocity Resolution. Minerals, 13 (9). 1126 doi:10.3390/min13091126
Sun, Liang, Liu, Hao, Duan, Xiaoxi, Zhang, Huan, Guan, Zanyang, Yang, Weimin, Feng, Xiaokang, Zhang, Youjun, Li, Yulong, Li, Sanwei, Yang, Dong, Wang, Zhebin, Yang, Jiamin, Liu, Jin, Yang, Wenge, Sekine, Toshimori, Zhao, Zongqing (2024) In Situ XRD Measurement for High-Pressure Iron in Laser-Driven Off-Hugoniot State. Minerals, 14 (7) doi:10.3390/min14070715
Localities for Native Iron
Showing 2,372 localities.
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
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The
Sikhote-Alin meteorite, Paseka, Krasnoarmeysky District, Primorsky Krai, Russia