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Native Silicon

A valid IMA mineral species
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Formula:
Si
Colour:
Iridescent (films)
Hardness:
7
Crystal System:
Isometric
This page provides mineralogical data about Native Silicon.


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Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
3659
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3659:3

IMA Classification of Native SiliconHide

Approved
Approval year:
1982

Classification of Native SiliconHide

1.CB.15

1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
C : Metalloids and Nonmetals
B : Carbon-silicon family
Dana 7th ed.:
1.3.6.1
1.3.7.1

1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
3 : Semi-metals and non-metals
1.28

1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
SiIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Pronunciation of Native SiliconHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of Native SiliconHide

Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Iridescent (films)
Hardness:

Chemistry of Native SiliconHide

Mindat Formula:
Si
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Si100.000 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Si

Crystallography of Native SiliconHide

Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m(4/m32/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:
Fd3m
Setting:
Fd3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.431 Å
Unit Cell V:
160.19 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Comment:
Synthetic

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0012843Native SiliconHom T, Kiszenick W, Post B (1975) Accurate lattice constants from multiple reflection mesurements II. lattice constants of germanium, silicon and diamond Journal of Applied Crystallography 8 457-4581975synthetic0298
0015103Native SiliconDutta B N (1962) Lattice constants and thermal expansion of silicon up to 900 C by X-ray method Physica Status Solidi 2 984-9871962synthetic0298
0009282Native SiliconKasper J S, Richards S M (1964) The crystal structures of new forms of silicon and germanium Acta Crystallographica 17 752-7551964synthetic0293
0015104Native SiliconDutta B N (1962) Lattice constants and thermal expansion of silicon up to 900 C by X-ray method Physica Status Solidi 2 984-9871962synthetic0618
0015105Native SiliconDutta B N (1962) Lattice constants and thermal expansion of silicon up to 900 C by X-ray method Physica Status Solidi 2 984-9871962synthetic0798
0015106Native SiliconDutta B N (1962) Lattice constants and thermal expansion of silicon up to 900 C by X-ray method Physica Status Solidi 2 984-9871962synthetic0888
0015107Native SiliconDutta B N (1962) Lattice constants and thermal expansion of silicon up to 900 C by X-ray method Physica Status Solidi 2 984-9871962synthetic0973
0015108Native SiliconDutta B N (1962) Lattice constants and thermal expansion of silicon up to 900 C by X-ray method Physica Status Solidi 2 984-9871962synthetic01058
0015109Native SiliconDutta B N (1962) Lattice constants and thermal expansion of silicon up to 900 C by X-ray method Physica Status Solidi 2 984-9871962synthetic01151
0015303Native SiliconOlijnyk H, Sikka S K, Holzapfel W B (1984) Structural phase transitions in Si and Ge under pressures up to 50 GPa Physics Letters 103A 137-1401984synthetic19.5293
0015281Native SiliconHanfland M, Schwarz U, Syassen K, Takemura K (1999) Crystal structure of the high-pressure phase silicon VI Physical Review Letters 82 1197-12001999synthetic38.4293
0015282Native SiliconHanfland M, Schwarz U, Syassen K, Takemura K (1999) Crystal structure of the high-pressure phase silicon VI Physical Review Letters 82 1197-12001999synthetic42.5293
0015304Native SiliconOlijnyk H, Sikka S K, Holzapfel W B (1984) Structural phase transitions in Si and Ge under pressures up to 50 GPa Physics Letters 103A 137-1401984synthetic43293
0015283Native SiliconHanfland M, Schwarz U, Syassen K, Takemura K (1999) Crystal structure of the high-pressure phase silicon VI Physical Review Letters 82 1197-12001999synthetic45.5293
0015275Native SiliconDuclos S J, Vohra Y K, Ruoff A L (1987) hcp-to-fcc transition in silicon at 78 GPa and studies to 100 GPa Physical Review Letters 58 775-7771987synthetic87293
0011243Native SiliconWyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Crystal Structures 1 7-8319630300
0011244Native SiliconWyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Crystal Structures 1 7-83196301573
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Loading XRD data...
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
26 : Hadean detrital minerals
29 : Lightning-generated minerals
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
36 : Carbonatites, kimberlites, and related igneous rocks
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics<3.5-2.5
38 : Ophiolites
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere<0.6
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals<0.36

Type Occurrence of Native SiliconHide

Synonyms of Native SiliconHide

Other Language Names for Native SiliconHide

Simplified Chinese:自然硅

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

1.CB.TartarositeCIso. 23 : I213
1.CB.05c'Fullerite'C60Tet.
1.CB.05bChaoiteCHex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6/mmm
1.CB.05aGraphiteCHex. 6mm : P63mc
1.CB.10aDiamondCIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
1.CB.10bLonsdaleiteCHex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for Native SiliconHide

References for Native SiliconHide

Localities for Native SiliconHide

Showing 34 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Brazil
 
  • Bahia
    • Barrocas
Kachalovskaja et al. (1999) +1 other reference
Canada
 
  • Nunavut
    • Qikiqtaaluk Region
      • Devon Island
Newman (2020)
China
 
  • Anhui
    • Anqing
      • Qianshan City
Xu (2008)
Zaihuang Zhou et al. (1993)
  • Shandong
Qirong Liu et al. (1995)
  • Tibet
    • Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture)
      • Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.)
Wenji Bai et al. (2001)
          • Kangjinla Cr deposit
Xu et al. (2009)
          • Luobusha Mine ("Luobusa" Mine)
Li et al. (2009)
Zhang et al. (2016)
Cuba (TL)
 
  • Holguín Province
    • Aguas Claras mining district
Am. Min. 76 (1991)
Israel
 
  • Northern District
    • Jezreel Subdistrict
      • Emek Izrael Regional Council
Stan +3 other references
Italy
 
  • Calabria
    • Crotone Province
      • Mt. Gariglione
Agrosı̀ et al. (2025)
Kazakhstan
 
  • Karaganda Region
    • Nura District
Blyalova et al. (2025)
Russia
 
  • Altai Republic
    • Topolninsk ore field
Cherkasova et al. (2015)
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Plastovsky District
      • Plast
        • Kochkar' District
Kuznetsova O. Yu. (1998)
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Milkovsky District
    • Yelizovsky District
Kaminsky et al. (2016)
  • Komi Republic
Kuznetsova O. Yu. (1998)
  • Krasnoyarsk Krai
    • Targhasa massif
L. N. Novoselova (1986)
    • Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District
      • Popigai impact crater (Popigai impact structure)
Gromilov et al. (2018, August)
  • Murmansk Oblast
    • Pechengsky District
Am. Min. 76 (1991)
  • Primorsky Krai
    • Mikhaylovsky District
[AmMin 84:992]
  • Republic of Karelia
    • Loukhsky District
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Marshintsev (1990) +1 other reference
  • Sakhalin Oblast
    • Kuril Islands
      • Kurilsky District
        • Iturup Island
Korzhinsky
  • Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
    • Priuralsky District
Rappenglück (2022)
6th orogenic lherzolite conference 2014 ... +2 other references
Syria
 
  • Raqqa Governorate
Moore et al. (2020)
Tajikistan
 
  • Sughd
    • Gissar Range
Novgorodova M.I. (1996)
Turkey
 
  • İzmir Province
Am Min 88:1817-1821
Ukraine
 
  • Crimea
    • Yevpatoria
Rappenglück (2022)
USA
 
  • Michigan
    • Livingston County
Heinrich et al. (2004)
    • Roscommon County
Stefano +2 other references
  • Oregon
    • Josephine County
      • Josephine Creek Mining District
...
 
and/or  
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