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Native Tin

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Native TinHide

Formula:
Sn
Colour:
Tin-white
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
1½ - 2
Specific Gravity:
7.31
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
Old English origin, related to Dutch "tin" and German "zinn".
For the commodity click here.

Occurs as greyish metallic grains and nuggets to 1 cm.

Some occurrences may be anthropogenic (product of the smelting of cassiterite ore).


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
3965
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3965:5

IMA Classification of Native TinHide

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1844

Classification of Native TinHide

1.AC.10

1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
A : Metals and Intermetallic Alloys
C : Indium-tin family
Dana 7th ed.:
1.1.19.1
1.1.13.1

1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
1 : Metals, other than the Platinum Group
1.29

1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
SnIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of Native TinHide

Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Tin-white
Streak:
Grey-white
Hardness:
1½ - 2 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN10=7 - 9 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Malleable
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Hackly
Density:
7.31 g/cm3 (Measured)    7.286 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Native TinHide

Anisotropism:
Moderate
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)R2 (%)
400nm76.3%72.7%
420nm79.4%74.2%
440nm81.9%75.8%
460nm84.0%77.6%
480nm85.5%79.2%
500nm86.7%80.5%
520nm87.5%81.4%
540nm88.1%81.9%
560nm88.2%82.0%
580nm88.0%81.9%
600nm87.7%81.5%
620nm87.2%81.1%
640nm86.7%80.7%
600nm86.3%80.4%
680nm85.8%80.1%
700nm85.4%79.8%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 88.2%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Tin-white
Internal Reflections:
none

Chemistry of Native TinHide

Mindat Formula:
Sn
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Sn100.000 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Sn

Crystallography of Native TinHide

Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
I41/amd
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.831 Å, b = 5.831 Å, c = 3.182 Å
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1 : 1 : 0.546
Unit Cell V:
108.19 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Rounded grains and nuggets to a mm

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0012875Native TinStraumanis M E (1949) The precision determination of lattice constants by the powder and rotation crystal methods and applications Journal of Applied Physics 20 726-7341949synthetic0298
0011248Native TinWyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Sample known as white tin Crystal Structures 1 7-8319630293
0011246Native TinWyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Crystal Structures 1 7-8319630293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
2.915 Å(100)
2.793 Å(90)
2.017 Å(74)
2.062 Å(34)
1.484 Å(23)
1.442 Å(20)
1.205 Å(20)

Type Occurrence of Native TinHide

Synonyms of Native TinHide

Other Language Names for Native TinHide

Dutch:Tin
French:Etain
Italian:Stagno
Latin:Stannum
Russian:Олово
Simplified Chinese:自然锡

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
9 photos of Native Tin associated with Native LeadPb
3 photos of Native Tin associated with 'Pitchblende'UO2
3 photos of Native Tin associated with CalciteCaCO3
3 photos of Native Tin associated with HematiteFe2O3
3 photos of Native Tin associated with IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
3 photos of Native Tin associated with Native AluminiumAl
2 photos of Native Tin associated with StistaiteSnSb
1 photo of Native Tin associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
1 photo of Native Tin associated with HydroromarchiteSn3O2(OH)2
1 photo of Native Tin associated with KosmochlorNaCrSi2O6

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

1.AC.05Native IndiumInTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
1.AC.15'Eta-bronze'Cu6Sn5Hex.
1.AC.15'UM1965-07-E:CuSn'Cu3Sn
1.AC.15SorositeCu1+x(Sn,Sb)Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
1.AC.15YuanjiangiteAuSnHex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mmc
1.AC.20RumoiiteAuSn2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca

Fluorescence of Native TinHide

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for Native TinHide

References for Native TinHide

Localities for Native TinHide

Showing 88 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Algeria
 
  • Jijel Province
    • El Milia District
Tchimichkian (1974)
Atlantic Ocean
 
  • Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex
    • Sierra Leone fracture zone
      • Markov Deep
Sharkov et al. (2007)
    • Trans-Atlantic Geotraverse hydrothermal field (TAG)
Dekov et al. (h-Cu6Sn5) +1 other reference
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Clarke Co.
Sorrell (n.d.) +1 other reference
Bernard et al. (2004)
Gilligan et al. (1992)
Dana's System of Mineralogy
    • Sandon Co.
      • Metz
Gilligan et al. (1992)
  • South Australia
    • Mid Murray Council
      • Palmer
Griessmann (2011)
  • Tasmania
    • Dorset municipality
      • Lisle
Bottrill et al. (2008)
Belarus
 
  • Mogilev Region
    • Babruysk District
Levitskiy et al. (2018, July)
Bolivia
 
  • La Paz
    • Loayza Province
Petrov (n.d.)
Canada
 
  • Newfoundland and Labrador
    • Newfoundland
Sabina (2003)
  • Ontario
    • Greater Sudbury
      • Creighton-Davies Township
Ford et al. (2011)
      • Levack Township
Vale SA
  • Saskatchewan
    • Beaverlodge Lake area
Jack F. B. Silman (1954) +1 other reference
China
 
  • Henan
    • Nanyang
      • Xichuan County
Zexian Xu et al. (1987)
  • Hunan
    • Chenzhou
      • Guiyang Co.
Yuanliang Chen (1985)
      • Suxian District
        • Dongpo ore field
Bingtao Li (1990)
  • Jilin
    • Tonghua
      • Tonghua Co.
Xiangwen Wang (2002)
  • Qinghai
    • Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
      • Golmud City (Ge'ermu Co.)
Zhang Dequan et al. (2002) +1 other reference
  • Sichuan
    • Liangshan Yi
      • Dechang County
Xie Yuling et al. (2006)
  • Tibet
    • Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture)
      • Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.)
Wenji Bai et al. (2001)
    • Xigazê Prefecture (Rikaze Prefecture; Shigatse Prefecture)
      • Xaitongmoin Co. (Xietongmen Co.)
Liu et al. (2024)
Colombia
 
  • Chocó Department
    • Novita
Anthony et al. (1990)
DR Congo
 
  • Lualaba
    • Mutshatsha
...
Finland
 
  • Pirkanmaa
    • Sastamala
      • Suodenniemi
Knauf et al. (1-2)
Germany
 
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Hochsauerlandkreis
        • Arnsberg
          • Hüsten
Pawlowski (1991)
Greenland
 
  • Kujalleq
Sørensen (2001) +1 other reference
Iraq
 
  • Diyala Governorate
Kettanah (2023)
Israel
 
  • Haifa District
    • Kishon river
      • Kishon Mid Reach zone 2
        • Mount Carmel
Griffin et al. (2016)
Italy
 
  • Lombardy
    • Varese Province
      • Cuasso al Monte
        • Cavagnano
Gentile et al. (2023)
  • Sardinia
    • South Sardinia Province
      • Furtei
Fadda et al. (2005)
  • Sicily
    • Metropolitan City of Messina
      • Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands)
        • Lipari
- (n.d.)
          • Vulcano Island
Montrasio et al. (1996)
Kazakhstan
 
  • Karaganda Region
    • Aktogay District
      • Krasnyi Oktyabr'
        • Itmurundy massif (Itmuryndy)
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Mongolia
 
  • Khovd Province
    • Myangad District
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Myanmar
 
  • Kachin State
    • Mohnyin District
      • Hpakant Township (Hpakan; Phakant; Phakan)
        • Hpakant-Tawmaw Jade Tract
Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data
Nigeria
 
  • Bauchi
    • Tafawa-Balewa
      • Badiko
Fawns (1907) +1 other reference
Norway
 
  • Agder
    • Flekkefjord
      • Hidra
W. L. Griffin et al. (1977)
Russia
 
  • Buryatia
    • Okinsky District
Damdinov et al. (2007)
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Miass
Korinevsky et al. (2021)
Pekov (1998)
    • Plastovsky District
      • Plast
        • Kochkar' District
Majzlan et al. (2025)
  • Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
    • Bilibinsky District
      • Kolyma area
        • Bol'shoi Anyui River Basin
          • Baimka River
            • Aluchinskii Massif (Aluchin horst)
Barkov et al. (1998) +1 other reference
    • Okhotsk-Chukotka belt
Krivitskaya et al. (1995) +1 other reference
  • Irkutsk Oblast
    • Bodaybinsky District
      • Bodaibo
        • Lena Gold District
          • Kropotkinsky ore cluster
Keren Tan (1998) +1 other reference
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Milkovsky District
Gordeev et al. (2014)
  • Magadan Oblast
    • Omsukchansky District
      • Ducat ore field
  • Murmansk Oblast
    • Kovdorsky District
  • Orenburg Oblast
    • Yasnensky District
M.I. Novgorodova Doklady AN SSSR
  • Perm Krai
Kalinina (2015)
  • Primorsky Krai
    • Mikhaylovsky District
V.V. Seredin data
  • Republic of Karelia
    • Loukhsky District
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
    • Suojärvi District
V. I. Ivashchenko et al. (2007) +1 other reference
[World of Stones 12:49]
    • Aldan
Shcheka et al. (2006)
    • Aldansky District
Kondratieva et al. (2023)
Anthony et al. (2016)
    • Mirninsky District
      • Vilyui River Basin
        • Lower Khann'ya River
Pekov (1998)
    • Northern Yakutia
      • Olenyok (Olenek) river basin
        • West Ukukit kimberlite field
Koval'skii et al. (1985) +1 other reference
    • Polar Yakutia
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Alapayevsk Urban Okrug
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
    • Ivdelsky Urban Okrug
      • Ivdel
Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data of ...
  • Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
    • Kershor Complex
Vikentyev et al. (2023) +1 other reference
    • Priuralsky District
Vikentyev et al. (2023) +1 other reference
Slovakia
 
  • Banská Bystrica Region
    • Žiar nad Hronom District
      • Kremnica
Ďuďa (1993)
  • Nitra Region
    • Levice District
      • Devičany
Majzlan et al. (2025)
Majzlan et al. (2025) +1 other reference
Majzlan et al. (2025)
South Korea
 
  • North Chungcheong Province
    • Chungju City
      • Joongwon-gun
        • Mt. Eorae
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Sweden
 
  • Värmland County
    • Filipstad
Damman et al. (1990)
Damman et al. (1991)
UK
 
  • Scotland
    • Argyll and Bute
      • Isle of Mull
        • Carsaig
Dekov et al. (2009)
USA
 
  • California
    • Humboldt County
      • Klamath Mountains
        • Weitchpec Mining District
          • Orleans (Orleans Bar; New Orleans Bar)
Murdoch (1966)
    • Tuolumne County
      • East Belt
        • Columbia Mining District
          • Columbia
Murdoch (1966)
  • Nevada
    • Humboldt County
      • Sulphur Mining District
        • Sulphur
          • Hycroft Mine
Castor et al. (2004)
  • South Dakota
    • Pennington County
      • Hill City Mining District
- (2005)
Alminas +2 other references
Alminas +2 other references
Alminas +2 other references
  • Vermont
    • Windsor County
      • Plymouth
        • Five Corners
Josef Vajdak (1999)
Uzbekistan
 
  • Sirdaryo
    • North Nuratau Range
Anthony et al. (1990) +2 other references
  • Tashkent
    • Chatkal-Kuraminskii Range
Sabir K. Mustafin data
  • Tashkent Region
    • Ohangaron District
Kovalenker (2003)
The Moon
 
  • Mare Crisium
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
  • Mare Fecunditatis
Mokhov et al. (2007)
  • Taurus-Littrow Valley
Mokhov et al. (2018)
 
and/or  
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