Mogok Township, Pyin-Oo-Lwin District, Mandalay Region, Myanmari
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Mogok Township | Township |
| Pyin-Oo-Lwin District | District |
| Mandalay Region | Region |
| Myanmar | Country |
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Type:
Age:
56.0 to 23.03 Ma
Reference for age:
Searle, D., & Haq, B. T. (1964). The Mogok Belt of Burma and its relation to the Himalyan Orogeny: Proc. 24th Intern, Geol.
Largest Settlements:
| Place | Population |
|---|---|
| Mogok | 90,843 (2016) |
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Mogoke Township; Mogok stone tract
Other Languages:
Simplified Chinese:
抹谷鎮, 彬乌伦县, 曼德勒省, 缅甸
Burmese:
မိုးကုတ် မြို့နယ်, ပြင်ဦးလွင်ခရိုင်, မန္တလေးတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ
Swedish:
Mogok, Pyin Oo Lwin District, Mandalayregionen, Burma
Mogok Township (also spelled as Mogoke Township) is a township of Pyin-Oo-Lwin District in Mandalay Region, Burma (Myanmar). It is located north of the city of Mandalay and surrounds the town of Mogok.
Mogok (a city at 1,170 m above sea level) — and other villages nearby — has been famous for its gemstones since ancient times. The gems (ruby, sapphire, spinel, and many others) are found in alluvial marble gravels which derive from weathering of the metamorphosed limestones (marbles) of the Mogok metamorphic belt. In underground mines, ruby and sapphire are also extracted mechanically from their marble host rock.
Apart from gem-bearing gravel deposits, the Mogok area is also famous for pegmatites containing topaz, tourmaline, and rare boron minerals.
The Mogok region was the most important spinel-producing area of Myanmar in the 20th century. Spinels were mainly found in the “Mogok metamorphic belt” (MMB) in Mandalay Province. Regional metamorphism of these marbles occurred during the Indosinian and Himalayan orogeny 250–240 million years ago. The Himalayan mountain belt was formed 45 million years ago during the Tertiary collision of the Indian Plate northward into the Eurasian Plate. This geologic activity resulted in massive marble units containing ruby, spinel, phlogopite, muscovite, scapolite, margarite, titanite, pyrite, and graphite. The marble units consist of discontinuous horizons up to 300 m thick, interbedded with calc-schists or sillimanite-bearing gneisses. They are generally coarsely crystallized and typically consist of pure white granite dikes and small syenite. They are usually coarsely crystallized and are typically pure white granite dikes and small syenite in colour. MMB was formed during the Indo-Eurasian collision and is known for its high-temperature plastic deformation. The spinel deposits in Mogok were enclosed in the Mogok metamorphic zone and consisted of a metamorphic platform carbonate sedimentary series. Spinels were found in almost all primary and secondary corundum deposits in Mogok. The negative octahedral crystals filled with dolomite or calcite and dolomite are the diagnostic characteristics of Burmese spinel.
Note: Many specimens (e.g., mushroom tourmalines) labelled "Mogok" actually come from Momeik Township in adjacent Shan State.
Mogok (a city at 1,170 m above sea level) — and other villages nearby — has been famous for its gemstones since ancient times. The gems (ruby, sapphire, spinel, and many others) are found in alluvial marble gravels which derive from weathering of the metamorphosed limestones (marbles) of the Mogok metamorphic belt. In underground mines, ruby and sapphire are also extracted mechanically from their marble host rock.
Apart from gem-bearing gravel deposits, the Mogok area is also famous for pegmatites containing topaz, tourmaline, and rare boron minerals.
The Mogok region was the most important spinel-producing area of Myanmar in the 20th century. Spinels were mainly found in the “Mogok metamorphic belt” (MMB) in Mandalay Province. Regional metamorphism of these marbles occurred during the Indosinian and Himalayan orogeny 250–240 million years ago. The Himalayan mountain belt was formed 45 million years ago during the Tertiary collision of the Indian Plate northward into the Eurasian Plate. This geologic activity resulted in massive marble units containing ruby, spinel, phlogopite, muscovite, scapolite, margarite, titanite, pyrite, and graphite. The marble units consist of discontinuous horizons up to 300 m thick, interbedded with calc-schists or sillimanite-bearing gneisses. They are generally coarsely crystallized and typically consist of pure white granite dikes and small syenite. They are usually coarsely crystallized and are typically pure white granite dikes and small syenite in colour. MMB was formed during the Indo-Eurasian collision and is known for its high-temperature plastic deformation. The spinel deposits in Mogok were enclosed in the Mogok metamorphic zone and consisted of a metamorphic platform carbonate sedimentary series. Spinels were found in almost all primary and secondary corundum deposits in Mogok. The negative octahedral crystals filled with dolomite or calcite and dolomite are the diagnostic characteristics of Burmese spinel.
Note: Many specimens (e.g., mushroom tourmalines) labelled "Mogok" actually come from Momeik Township in adjacent Shan State.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.Mineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities134 valid minerals. 4 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 2 erroneous literature entries.
Rock Types Recorded
Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Native Gold | 1.AA.05 | Au |
| ⓘ | Graphite | 1.CB.05a | C |
| ⓘ | Native Sulphur | 1.CC.05 | S8 |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ | Stibnite | 2.DB.05 | Sb2S3 |
| ⓘ | Joséite-A | 2.DC.05 | Bi4TeS2 |
| ⓘ | Molybdenite | 2.EA.30 | MoS2 |
| ⓘ | Hauerite | 2.EB.05a | MnS2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Marcasite | 2.EB.10a | FeS2 |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Halite | 3.AA.20 | NaCl |
| ⓘ | Fluorite | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | 'Pyrochlore Group' | 4.00. | A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z |
| ⓘ | 'var. Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group' | 4.00. | A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z |
| ⓘ | Periclase | 4.AB.25 | MgO |
| ⓘ | Chrysoberyl var. Alexandrite | 4.BA.05 | BeAl2O4 |
| ⓘ | 4.BA.05 | BeAl2O4 | |
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Spinel | 4.BB.05 | MgAl2O4 |
| ⓘ | var. Pleonaste | 4.BB.05 | (Mg,Fe)Al2O4 |
| ⓘ | Magnetite var. Ishkulite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4 |
| ⓘ | Spinel var. Jedi spinel | 4.BB.05 | MgAl2O4 |
| ⓘ | Ferrohögbomite-2N2S | 4.CB. | [(Fe2+,Mg,Zn,Al)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]2 |
| ⓘ | Corundum | 4.CB.05 | Al2O3 |
| ⓘ | Geikielite | 4.CB.05 | MgTiO3 |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Ilmenite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2+TiO3 |
| ⓘ | Corundum var. Ruby | 4.CB.05 | Al2O3 |
| ⓘ | var. Sapphire | 4.CB.05 | Al2O3 |
| ⓘ | var. Star Sapphire | 4.CB.05 | Al2O3 |
| ⓘ | var. Star Ruby | 4.CB.05 | Al2O3 |
| ⓘ | Bismite | 4.CB.60 | Bi2O3 |
| ⓘ | Hibonite | 4.CC.45 | CaAl12O19 |
| ⓘ | Quartz var. Amethyst | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | var. Chalcedony | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | var. Citrine | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 | |
| ⓘ | var. Rose Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | var. Rutilated Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | var. Smoky Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | var. Rock Crystal | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Cassiterite | 4.DB.05 | SnO2 |
| ⓘ | Rutile | 4.DB.05 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Srilankite | 4.DB.25 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Columbite-(Mn) | 4.DB.35 | Mn2+Nb2O6 |
| ⓘ | Anatase | 4.DD.05 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Tellurite | 4.DE.20 | TeO2 |
| ⓘ | Baddeleyite | 4.DE.35 | ZrO2 |
| ⓘ | Kyawthuite (TL) | 4.DE.45 | Bi3+Sb5+O4 |
| ⓘ | Thorutite | 4.DH.05 | (Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Oxycalciopyrochlore | 4.DH.15 | Ca2Nb2O6O |
| ⓘ | var. Titan-uranoan Oxycalciopyrochlore | 4.DH.15 | (Ca,U,Na)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(O,OH) |
| ⓘ | Zirconolite | 4.DH.30 | CaZrTi2O7 |
| ⓘ | Uraninite var. Pitchblende | 4.DL.05 | UO2 |
| ⓘ | Thorianite | 4.DL.05 | ThO2 |
| ⓘ | Uraninite | 4.DL.05 | UO2 |
| ⓘ | Thorianite var. Uranothorianite | 4.DL.05 | (Th,U)O2 |
| ⓘ | Magnesiotaaffeite-6N’3S | 4.FC.25 | Mg2BeAl6O12 |
| ⓘ | Magnesiotaaffeite-2N’2S | 4.FC.25 | Mg3Al8BeO16 |
| ⓘ | Diaspore | 4.FD.10 | AlO(OH) |
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.FD.10 | Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Brucite | 4.FE.05 | Mg(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Gibbsite | 4.FE.10 | Al(OH)3 |
| ⓘ | Böhmite | 4.FE.15 | AlO(OH) |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Magnesite | 5.AB.05 | MgCO3 |
| ⓘ | Rhodochrosite | 5.AB.05 | MnCO3 |
| ⓘ | Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Shortite | 5.AC.25 | Na2Ca2(CO3)3 |
| ⓘ | Dawsonite | 5.BB.10 | NaAlCO3(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Pyroaurite | 5.DA.50 | Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| Group 6 - Borates | |||
| ⓘ | Hambergite | 6.AB.05 | Be2(BO3)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Jeremejevite | 6.AB.15 | Al6(BO3)5(F,OH)3 |
| ⓘ | Painite (TL) | 6.AB.85 | CaZrAl9(BO3)O15 |
| ⓘ | Sinhalite | 6.AC.05 | MgAl(BO4) |
| ⓘ | Johachidolite | 6.CC.05 | CaAlB3O7 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Anhydrite | 7.AD.30 | CaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Celestine | 7.AD.35 | SrSO4 |
| ⓘ | Fergusonite-(Y) | 7.GA.05 | YNbO4 |
| ⓘ | Scheelite | 7.GA.05 | Ca(WO4) |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Monazite-(Gd) | 8.AD. | Gd(PO4) |
| ⓘ | Xenotime-(Y) | 8.AD.35 | Y(PO4) |
| ⓘ | Monazite-(Ce) | 8.AD.50 | Ce(PO4) |
| ⓘ | Herderite | 8.BA.10 | CaBe(PO4)F |
| ⓘ | Amblygonite | 8.BB.05 | LiAl(PO4)F |
| ⓘ | Montebrasite | 8.BB.05 | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Fluorapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| ⓘ | Brockite | 8.CJ.45 | (Ca,Th,Ce)PO4 · H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Phenakite ? | 9.AA.05 | Be2SiO4 |
| ⓘ | Fayalite | 9.AC.05 | Fe2+2(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Forsterite | 9.AC.05 | Mg2(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | var. Peridot | 9.AC.05 | Mg2SiO4 |
| ⓘ | Andradite | 9.AD.25 | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Almandine | 9.AD.25 | Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Grossular | 9.AD.25 | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | var. Hessonite | 9.AD.25 | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Pyrope ? | 9.AD.25 | Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Spessartine | 9.AD.25 | Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Thorite | 9.AD.30 | Th(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | var. Hafnian Zircon | 9.AD.30 | (Zr,Hf)SiO4 |
| ⓘ | Euclase | 9.AE.10 | BeAl(SiO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Sillimanite | 9.AF.05 | Al2(SiO4)O |
| ⓘ | var. Fibrolite | 9.AF.05 | Al2(SiO4)O |
| ⓘ | Andalusite | 9.AF.10 | Al2(SiO4)O |
| ⓘ | Topaz | 9.AF.35 | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Norbergite ? | 9.AF.40 | Mg3(SiO4)F2 |
| ⓘ | Chondrodite | 9.AF.45 | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 |
| ⓘ | Clinohumite | 9.AF.55 | Mg9(SiO4)4F2 |
| ⓘ | Titanite | 9.AG.15 | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Epidote | 9.BG.05a | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ | Vesuvianite | 9.BG.35 | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| ⓘ | Kornerupine | 9.BJ.50 | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| ⓘ | Wadeite | 9.CA.10 | K2Zr(Si3O9) |
| ⓘ | Beryl var. Aquamarine | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) | |
| ⓘ | var. Morganite | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ | var. Goshenite | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ | Johnkoivulaite-(Cs) (TL) | 9.CJ.05 | Cs[Be2B]Mg2Si6O18 |
| ⓘ | Cordierite | 9.CJ.10 | Mg2Al4Si5O18 |
| ⓘ | var. Iolite | 9.CJ.10 | (Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18) |
| ⓘ | Darrellhenryite ? | 9.CK. | Na(Al2Li)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| ⓘ | Dravite | 9.CK.05 | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| ⓘ | Elbaite | 9.CK.05 | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| ⓘ | Foitite | 9.CK.05 | ◻(Fe2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| ⓘ | Schorl | 9.CK.05 | NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| ⓘ | Elbaite var. Chromium-bearing Elbaite | 9.CK.05 | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| ⓘ | Ertlite (TL) | 9.CK.05 | NaAl3Al6(Si4B2O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| ⓘ | Poudretteite | 9.CM.05 | K◻2Na2B3[Si12O30] |
| ⓘ | Enstatite | 9.DA.05 | Mg2Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Augite | 9.DA.15 | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Diopside | 9.DA.15 | CaMgSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite | 9.DA.15 | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6 |
| ⓘ | Aegirine | 9.DA.25 | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Jadeite | 9.DA.25 | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Aegirine var. Titanium-bearing Aegirine | 9.DA.25 | Na(Fe,Ti)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Tremolite | 9.DE.10 | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Edenite | 9.DE.15 | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Pargasite | 9.DE.15 | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Sadanagaite | 9.DE.15 | NaCa2(Mg3Al2)(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Fluoro-edenite | 9.DE.15 | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| ⓘ | Wollastonite | 9.DG.05 | Ca3(Si3O9) |
| ⓘ | Serendibite | 9.DH.40 | Ca4[Mg6Al6]O4[Si6B3Al3O36] |
| ⓘ | Ekanite | 9.EA.10 | Ca2ThSi8O20 |
| ⓘ | Talc | 9.EC.05 | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Muscovite var. Fuchsite | 9.EC.15 | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | |
| ⓘ | Phlogopite | 9.EC.20 | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Fluorophlogopite | 9.EC.20 | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| ⓘ | Margarite | 9.EC.30 | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Dickite | 9.ED.05 | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Kaolinite | 9.ED.05 | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Antigorite | 9.ED.15 | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Lizardite | 9.ED.15 | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Microcline var. Amazonite | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) | |
| ⓘ | Orthoclase | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Sanidine | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Albite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Anorthite | 9.FA.35 | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| ⓘ | var. Labradorite | 9.FA.35 | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| ⓘ | Albite var. Oligoclase | 9.FA.35 | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| ⓘ | var. Cleavelandite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Danburite | 9.FA.65 | CaB2Si2O8 |
| ⓘ | Cancrinite | 9.FB.05 | (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Sodalite var. Hackmanite | 9.FB.10 | Na8Al6Si6O24Cl2 |
| ⓘ | Haüyne | 9.FB.10 | Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4) |
| ⓘ | Lazurite | 9.FB.10 | Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O |
| ⓘ | Sodalite | 9.FB.10 | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| ⓘ | Meionite | 9.FB.15 | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Amphibole Supergroup' | - | AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Chrysoprase' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Chabazite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Feldspar Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Limonite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Moonstone' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Tourmaline var. Rubellite' | - | AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | '' | - | AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | 'Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Zirconolite-3T' | - | (Ca,REE)2Zr2(Ti,Nb)3FeO14 |
| ⓘ | 'Mica Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Thorianite-Uraninite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Scapolite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Hornblende Root Name Group' | - | ◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| ⓘ | 'K Feldspar' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Pyroxene Group' | - | ADSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | 'Garnet Group' | - | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | 'Columbite-Tantalite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Sodalite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| ⓘ | 'Axinite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Humite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Unnamed (Al-Th Oxide)' | - | Al2Th3O9 |
| ⓘ | 'Taaffeite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Edenite-Pargasite Root Name Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Magnesiotaaffeite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'White mica' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Magnesiotaaffeite-2N’2S2' | - | Mg3BeAl8O16 |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| H | ⓘ Böhmite | AlO(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Brockite | (Ca,Th,Ce)PO4 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Dawsonite | NaAlCO3(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Diaspore | AlO(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Dickite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| H | ⓘ Euclase | BeAl(SiO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Foitite | ◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
| H | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Hambergite | Be2(BO3)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Jeremejevite | Al6(BO3)5(F,OH)3 |
| H | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Kornerupine | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Lazurite | Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Lizardite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Margarite | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Montebrasite | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Pyrochlore Group | A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z |
| H | ⓘ Pyroaurite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Sadanagaite | NaCa2(Mg3Al2)(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Thorutite | (Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series | |
| H | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| H | ⓘ Elbaite var. Chromium-bearing Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Ferrohögbomite-2N2S | [(Fe2+,Mg,Zn,Al)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]2 |
| H | ⓘ Oxycalciopyrochlore var. Titan-uranoan Oxycalciopyrochlore | (Ca,U,Na)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(O,OH) |
| H | ⓘ Darrellhenryite | Na(Al2Li)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| H | ⓘ Edenite-Pargasite Root Name Series | |
| H | ⓘ Ertlite | NaAl3Al6(Si4B2O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| Li | Lithium | |
| Li | ⓘ Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| Li | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Li | ⓘ Montebrasite | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| Li | ⓘ Elbaite var. Chromium-bearing Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Li | ⓘ Darrellhenryite | Na(Al2Li)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| Be | Beryllium | |
| Be | ⓘ Chrysoberyl var. Alexandrite | BeAl2O4 |
| Be | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Be | ⓘ Chrysoberyl | BeAl2O4 |
| Be | ⓘ Euclase | BeAl(SiO4)(OH) |
| Be | ⓘ Hambergite | Be2(BO3)(OH) |
| Be | ⓘ Herderite | CaBe(PO4)F |
| Be | ⓘ Beryl var. Morganite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Be | ⓘ Magnesiotaaffeite-6N’3S | Mg2BeAl6O12 |
| Be | ⓘ Phenakite | Be2SiO4 |
| Be | ⓘ Magnesiotaaffeite-2N’2S | Mg3Al8BeO16 |
| Be | ⓘ Beryl var. Goshenite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Be | ⓘ Magnesiotaaffeite-2N’2S2 | Mg3BeAl8O16 |
| Be | ⓘ Johnkoivulaite-(Cs) | Cs[Be2B]Mg2Si6O18 |
| B | Boron | |
| B | ⓘ Danburite | CaB2Si2O8 |
| B | ⓘ Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| B | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| B | ⓘ Foitite | ◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| B | ⓘ Hambergite | Be2(BO3)(OH) |
| B | ⓘ Jeremejevite | Al6(BO3)5(F,OH)3 |
| B | ⓘ Johachidolite | CaAlB3O7 |
| B | ⓘ Kornerupine | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| B | ⓘ Painite | CaZrAl9(BO3)O15 |
| B | ⓘ Poudretteite | K◻2Na2B3[Si12O30] |
| B | ⓘ Tourmaline var. Rubellite | |
| B | ⓘ Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| B | ⓘ Serendibite | Ca4[Mg6Al6]O4[Si6B3Al3O36] |
| B | ⓘ Sinhalite | MgAl(BO4) |
| B | ⓘ Tourmaline | AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| B | ⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series | |
| B | ⓘ Elbaite var. Chromium-bearing Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| B | ⓘ Darrellhenryite | Na(Al2Li)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| B | ⓘ Johnkoivulaite-(Cs) | Cs[Be2B]Mg2Si6O18 |
| B | ⓘ Ertlite | NaAl3Al6(Si4B2O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| C | ⓘ Dawsonite | NaAlCO3(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Graphite | C |
| C | ⓘ Magnesite | MgCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| C | ⓘ Pyroaurite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| C | ⓘ Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Shortite | Na2Ca2(CO3)3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Chrysoberyl var. Alexandrite | BeAl2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup | AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| O | ⓘ Anatase | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Andalusite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| O | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| O | ⓘ Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Baddeleyite | ZrO2 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| O | ⓘ Bismite | Bi2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Böhmite | AlO(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Brockite | (Ca,Th,Ce)PO4 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | ⓘ Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Cassiterite | SnO2 |
| O | ⓘ Celestine | SrSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Chondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 |
| O | ⓘ Chrysoberyl | BeAl2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Citrine | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Clinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4F2 |
| O | ⓘ Cordierite | Mg2Al4Si5O18 |
| O | ⓘ Corundum | Al2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Danburite | CaB2Si2O8 |
| O | ⓘ Dawsonite | NaAlCO3(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Diaspore | AlO(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Dickite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Ekanite | Ca2ThSi8O20 |
| O | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| O | ⓘ Euclase | BeAl(SiO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Fayalite | Fe22+(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y) | YNbO4 |
| O | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| O | ⓘ Foitite | ◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Forsterite | Mg2(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Geikielite | MgTiO3 |
| O | ⓘ Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Sodalite var. Hackmanite | Na8Al6Si6O24Cl2 |
| O | ⓘ Hambergite | Be2(BO3)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Haüyne | Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4) |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Herderite | CaBe(PO4)F |
| O | ⓘ Grossular var. Hessonite | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Hibonite | CaAl12O19 |
| O | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| O | ⓘ Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Jeremejevite | Al6(BO3)5(F,OH)3 |
| O | ⓘ Johachidolite | CaAlB3O7 |
| O | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Kornerupine | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| O | ⓘ Lazurite | Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Lizardite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Magnesite | MgCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Columbite-(Mn) | Mn2+Nb2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Margarite | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| O | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| O | ⓘ Montebrasite | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Beryl var. Morganite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Magnesiotaaffeite-6N’3S | Mg2BeAl6O12 |
| O | ⓘ Norbergite | Mg3(SiO4)F2 |
| O | ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| O | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Painite | CaZrAl9(BO3)O15 |
| O | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Periclase | MgO |
| O | ⓘ Phenakite | Be2SiO4 |
| O | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Uraninite var. Pitchblende | UO2 |
| O | ⓘ Poudretteite | K◻2Na2B3[Si12O30] |
| O | ⓘ Pyrochlore Group | A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z |
| O | ⓘ Pyrope | Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Pyroaurite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Rose Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Tourmaline var. Rubellite | |
| O | ⓘ Corundum var. Ruby | Al2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Rutilated Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Sadanagaite | NaCa2(Mg3Al2)(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire | Al2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
| O | ⓘ Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Serendibite | Ca4[Mg6Al6]O4[Si6B3Al3O36] |
| O | ⓘ Shortite | Na2Ca2(CO3)3 |
| O | ⓘ Sillimanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| O | ⓘ Sinhalite | MgAl(BO4) |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Sodalite | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| O | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Srilankite | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Magnesiotaaffeite-2N’2S | Mg3Al8BeO16 |
| O | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Tellurite | TeO2 |
| O | ⓘ Thorianite | ThO2 |
| O | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Thorutite | (Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Tourmaline | AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| O | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Uraninite | UO2 |
| O | ⓘ Thorianite var. Uranothorianite | (Th,U)O2 |
| O | ⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series | |
| O | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| O | ⓘ Wadeite | K2Zr(Si3O9) |
| O | ⓘ Wollastonite | Ca3(Si3O9) |
| O | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| O | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Zirconolite | CaZrTi2O7 |
| O | ⓘ Cordierite var. Iolite | (Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18) |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Rock Crystal | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Sillimanite var. Fibrolite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| O | ⓘ Zirconolite-3T | (Ca,REE)2Zr2(Ti,Nb)3FeO14 |
| O | ⓘ Spinel var. Pleonaste | (Mg,Fe)Al2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| O | ⓘ Beryl var. Goshenite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | ⓘ Albite var. Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Forsterite var. Peridot | Mg2SiO4 |
| O | ⓘ Thorianite-Uraninite Series | |
| O | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| O | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| O | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite var. Ishkulite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Elbaite var. Chromium-bearing Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Ferrohögbomite-2N2S | [(Fe2+,Mg,Zn,Al)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]2 |
| O | ⓘ Zircon var. Hafnian Zircon | (Zr,Hf)SiO4 |
| O | ⓘ Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| O | ⓘ Corundum var. Star Sapphire | Al2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Corundum var. Star Ruby | Al2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Unnamed (Al-Th Oxide) | Al2Th3O9 |
| O | ⓘ Aegirine var. Titanium-bearing Aegirine | Na(Fe,Ti)Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Oxycalciopyrochlore | Ca2Nb2O6O |
| O | ⓘ Oxycalciopyrochlore var. Titan-uranoan Oxycalciopyrochlore | (Ca,U,Na)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(O,OH) |
| O | ⓘ Darrellhenryite | Na(Al2Li)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| O | ⓘ Edenite-Pargasite Root Name Series | |
| O | ⓘ Kyawthuite | Bi3+Sb5+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Magnesiotaaffeite-2N’2S2 | Mg3BeAl8O16 |
| O | ⓘ Johnkoivulaite-(Cs) | Cs[Be2B]Mg2Si6O18 |
| O | ⓘ Spinel var. Jedi spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Monazite-(Gd) | Gd(PO4) |
| O | ⓘ Ertlite | NaAl3Al6(Si4B2O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| F | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| F | ⓘ Chondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 |
| F | ⓘ Clinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4F2 |
| F | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| F | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| F | ⓘ Herderite | CaBe(PO4)F |
| F | ⓘ Jeremejevite | Al6(BO3)5(F,OH)3 |
| F | ⓘ Norbergite | Mg3(SiO4)F2 |
| F | ⓘ Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
| F | ⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series | |
| F | ⓘ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| F | ⓘ Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| F | ⓘ Edenite-Pargasite Root Name Series | |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Na | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Na | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Dawsonite | NaAlCO3(OH)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Na | ⓘ Edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Na | ⓘ Sodalite var. Hackmanite | Na8Al6Si6O24Cl2 |
| Na | ⓘ Halite | NaCl |
| Na | ⓘ Haüyne | Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4) |
| Na | ⓘ Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 |
| Na | ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| Na | ⓘ Lazurite | Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Na | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Poudretteite | K◻2Na2B3[Si12O30] |
| Na | ⓘ Sadanagaite | NaCa2(Mg3Al2)(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Na | ⓘ Shortite | Na2Ca2(CO3)3 |
| Na | ⓘ Sodalite | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| Na | ⓘ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| Na | ⓘ Albite var. Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Na | ⓘ Elbaite var. Chromium-bearing Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Na | ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6 |
| Na | ⓘ Aegirine var. Titanium-bearing Aegirine | Na(Fe,Ti)Si2O6 |
| Na | ⓘ Oxycalciopyrochlore var. Titan-uranoan Oxycalciopyrochlore | (Ca,U,Na)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(O,OH) |
| Na | ⓘ Darrellhenryite | Na(Al2Li)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| Na | ⓘ Ertlite | NaAl3Al6(Si4B2O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Chondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Clinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4F2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Cordierite | Mg2Al4Si5O18 |
| Mg | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Mg | ⓘ Edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Forsterite | Mg2(SiO4) |
| Mg | ⓘ Geikielite | MgTiO3 |
| Mg | ⓘ Kornerupine | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| Mg | ⓘ Lizardite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Magnesite | MgCO3 |
| Mg | ⓘ Magnesiotaaffeite-6N’3S | Mg2BeAl6O12 |
| Mg | ⓘ Norbergite | Mg3(SiO4)F2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Periclase | MgO |
| Mg | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Pyrope | Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Mg | ⓘ Pyroaurite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Sadanagaite | NaCa2(Mg3Al2)(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Serendibite | Ca4[Mg6Al6]O4[Si6B3Al3O36] |
| Mg | ⓘ Sinhalite | MgAl(BO4) |
| Mg | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Magnesiotaaffeite-2N’2S | Mg3Al8BeO16 |
| Mg | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series | |
| Mg | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| Mg | ⓘ Cordierite var. Iolite | (Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18) |
| Mg | ⓘ Spinel var. Pleonaste | (Mg,Fe)Al2O4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Forsterite var. Peridot | Mg2SiO4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| Mg | ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Ferrohögbomite-2N2S | [(Fe2+,Mg,Zn,Al)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Magnesiotaaffeite-2N’2S2 | Mg3BeAl8O16 |
| Mg | ⓘ Johnkoivulaite-(Cs) | Cs[Be2B]Mg2Si6O18 |
| Mg | ⓘ Spinel var. Jedi spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Chrysoberyl var. Alexandrite | BeAl2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| Al | ⓘ Andalusite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Al | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Böhmite | AlO(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Chrysoberyl | BeAl2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Cordierite | Mg2Al4Si5O18 |
| Al | ⓘ Corundum | Al2O3 |
| Al | ⓘ Dawsonite | NaAlCO3(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Diaspore | AlO(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Dickite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Al | ⓘ Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Euclase | BeAl(SiO4)(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Foitite | ◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Sodalite var. Hackmanite | Na8Al6Si6O24Cl2 |
| Al | ⓘ Haüyne | Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4) |
| Al | ⓘ Grossular var. Hessonite | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Hibonite | CaAl12O19 |
| Al | ⓘ Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 |
| Al | ⓘ Jeremejevite | Al6(BO3)5(F,OH)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Johachidolite | CaAlB3O7 |
| Al | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Al | ⓘ Kornerupine | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| Al | ⓘ Lazurite | Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Margarite | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| Al | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Montebrasite | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Beryl var. Morganite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Magnesiotaaffeite-6N’3S | Mg2BeAl6O12 |
| Al | ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Al | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Painite | CaZrAl9(BO3)O15 |
| Al | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Pyrope | Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Corundum var. Ruby | Al2O3 |
| Al | ⓘ Sadanagaite | NaCa2(Mg3Al2)(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire | Al2O3 |
| Al | ⓘ Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Serendibite | Ca4[Mg6Al6]O4[Si6B3Al3O36] |
| Al | ⓘ Sillimanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Al | ⓘ Sinhalite | MgAl(BO4) |
| Al | ⓘ Sodalite | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| Al | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Magnesiotaaffeite-2N’2S | Mg3Al8BeO16 |
| Al | ⓘ Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series | |
| Al | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| Al | ⓘ Cordierite var. Iolite | (Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18) |
| Al | ⓘ Sillimanite var. Fibrolite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Al | ⓘ Spinel var. Pleonaste | (Mg,Fe)Al2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| Al | ⓘ Beryl var. Goshenite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | ⓘ Albite var. Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| Al | ⓘ Elbaite var. Chromium-bearing Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6 |
| Al | ⓘ Ferrohögbomite-2N2S | [(Fe2+,Mg,Zn,Al)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]2 |
| Al | ⓘ Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| Al | ⓘ Corundum var. Star Sapphire | Al2O3 |
| Al | ⓘ Corundum var. Star Ruby | Al2O3 |
| Al | ⓘ Unnamed (Al-Th Oxide) | Al2Th3O9 |
| Al | ⓘ Darrellhenryite | Na(Al2Li)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| Al | ⓘ Edenite-Pargasite Root Name Series | |
| Al | ⓘ Magnesiotaaffeite-2N’2S2 | Mg3BeAl8O16 |
| Al | ⓘ Spinel var. Jedi spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Ertlite | NaAl3Al6(Si4B2O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Andalusite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Si | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Chondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Citrine | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Clinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4F2 |
| Si | ⓘ Cordierite | Mg2Al4Si5O18 |
| Si | ⓘ Danburite | CaB2Si2O8 |
| Si | ⓘ Dickite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Ekanite | Ca2ThSi8O20 |
| Si | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Euclase | BeAl(SiO4)(OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Fayalite | Fe22+(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Foitite | ◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Forsterite | Mg2(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Sodalite var. Hackmanite | Na8Al6Si6O24Cl2 |
| Si | ⓘ Haüyne | Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Grossular var. Hessonite | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Kornerupine | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| Si | ⓘ Lazurite | Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Lizardite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Margarite | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| Si | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Beryl var. Morganite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Norbergite | Mg3(SiO4)F2 |
| Si | ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Si | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Phenakite | Be2SiO4 |
| Si | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Poudretteite | K◻2Na2B3[Si12O30] |
| Si | ⓘ Pyrope | Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Rose Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Rutilated Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Sadanagaite | NaCa2(Mg3Al2)(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Serendibite | Ca4[Mg6Al6]O4[Si6B3Al3O36] |
| Si | ⓘ Sillimanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Sodalite | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| Si | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series | |
| Si | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| Si | ⓘ Wadeite | K2Zr(Si3O9) |
| Si | ⓘ Wollastonite | Ca3(Si3O9) |
| Si | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Cordierite var. Iolite | (Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18) |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Rock Crystal | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Sillimanite var. Fibrolite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Si | ⓘ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| Si | ⓘ Beryl var. Goshenite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | ⓘ Albite var. Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Forsterite var. Peridot | Mg2SiO4 |
| Si | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| Si | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| Si | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Elbaite var. Chromium-bearing Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Zircon var. Hafnian Zircon | (Zr,Hf)SiO4 |
| Si | ⓘ Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| Si | ⓘ Aegirine var. Titanium-bearing Aegirine | Na(Fe,Ti)Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Darrellhenryite | Na(Al2Li)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| Si | ⓘ Edenite-Pargasite Root Name Series | |
| Si | ⓘ Johnkoivulaite-(Cs) | Cs[Be2B]Mg2Si6O18 |
| Si | ⓘ Ertlite | NaAl3Al6(Si4B2O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| P | ⓘ Brockite | (Ca,Th,Ce)PO4 · H2O |
| P | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| P | ⓘ Herderite | CaBe(PO4)F |
| P | ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| P | ⓘ Montebrasite | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| P | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| P | ⓘ Monazite-(Gd) | Gd(PO4) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Celestine | SrSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Hauerite | MnS2 |
| S | ⓘ Haüyne | Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4) |
| S | ⓘ Joséite-A | Bi4TeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Lazurite | Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O |
| S | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Molybdenite | MoS2 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | ⓘ Stibnite | Sb2S3 |
| S | ⓘ Native Sulphur | S8 |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Sodalite var. Hackmanite | Na8Al6Si6O24Cl2 |
| Cl | ⓘ Halite | NaCl |
| Cl | ⓘ Sodalite | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Edenite-Pargasite Root Name Series | |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Poudretteite | K◻2Na2B3[Si12O30] |
| K | ⓘ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | ⓘ Wadeite | K2Zr(Si3O9) |
| K | ⓘ Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| Ca | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Ca | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Brockite | (Ca,Th,Ce)PO4 · H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Danburite | CaB2Si2O8 |
| Ca | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Ekanite | Ca2ThSi8O20 |
| Ca | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Haüyne | Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4) |
| Ca | ⓘ Herderite | CaBe(PO4)F |
| Ca | ⓘ Grossular var. Hessonite | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Hibonite | CaAl12O19 |
| Ca | ⓘ Johachidolite | CaAlB3O7 |
| Ca | ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| Ca | ⓘ Lazurite | Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Margarite | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Ca | ⓘ Painite | CaZrAl9(BO3)O15 |
| Ca | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Sadanagaite | NaCa2(Mg3Al2)(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
| Ca | ⓘ Serendibite | Ca4[Mg6Al6]O4[Si6B3Al3O36] |
| Ca | ⓘ Shortite | Na2Ca2(CO3)3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Thorutite | (Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Ca | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series | |
| Ca | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| Ca | ⓘ Wollastonite | Ca3(Si3O9) |
| Ca | ⓘ Zirconolite | CaZrTi2O7 |
| Ca | ⓘ Zirconolite-3T | (Ca,REE)2Zr2(Ti,Nb)3FeO14 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluoro-edenite | NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| Ca | ⓘ Oxycalciopyrochlore | Ca2Nb2O6O |
| Ca | ⓘ Oxycalciopyrochlore var. Titan-uranoan Oxycalciopyrochlore | (Ca,U,Na)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(O,OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Edenite-Pargasite Root Name Series | |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Anatase | TiO2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Geikielite | MgTiO3 |
| Ti | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Ti | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Srilankite | TiO2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Thorutite | (Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6 |
| Ti | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Ti | ⓘ Zirconolite | CaZrTi2O7 |
| Ti | ⓘ Zirconolite-3T | (Ca,REE)2Zr2(Ti,Nb)3FeO14 |
| Ti | ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6 |
| Ti | ⓘ Ferrohögbomite-2N2S | [(Fe2+,Mg,Zn,Al)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Aegirine var. Titanium-bearing Aegirine | Na(Fe,Ti)Si2O6 |
| Ti | ⓘ Oxycalciopyrochlore var. Titan-uranoan Oxycalciopyrochlore | (Ca,U,Na)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(O,OH) |
| Cr | Chromium | |
| Cr | ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Cr | ⓘ Magnetite var. Ishkulite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4 |
| Cr | ⓘ Elbaite var. Chromium-bearing Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Hauerite | MnS2 |
| Mn | ⓘ Columbite-(Mn) | Mn2+Nb2O6 |
| Mn | ⓘ Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| Mn | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Fayalite | Fe22+(SiO4) |
| Fe | ⓘ Foitite | ◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyroaurite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| Fe | ⓘ Cordierite var. Iolite | (Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18) |
| Fe | ⓘ Zirconolite-3T | (Ca,REE)2Zr2(Ti,Nb)3FeO14 |
| Fe | ⓘ Spinel var. Pleonaste | (Mg,Fe)Al2O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite var. Ishkulite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Ferrohögbomite-2N2S | [(Fe2+,Mg,Zn,Al)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Aegirine var. Titanium-bearing Aegirine | Na(Fe,Ti)Si2O6 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Zn | ⓘ Ferrohögbomite-2N2S | [(Fe2+,Mg,Zn,Al)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]2 |
| Sr | Strontium | |
| Sr | ⓘ Celestine | SrSO4 |
| Y | Yttrium | |
| Y | ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y) | YNbO4 |
| Y | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | ⓘ Baddeleyite | ZrO2 |
| Zr | ⓘ Painite | CaZrAl9(BO3)O15 |
| Zr | ⓘ Wadeite | K2Zr(Si3O9) |
| Zr | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Zr | ⓘ Zirconolite | CaZrTi2O7 |
| Zr | ⓘ Zirconolite-3T | (Ca,REE)2Zr2(Ti,Nb)3FeO14 |
| Zr | ⓘ Zircon var. Hafnian Zircon | (Zr,Hf)SiO4 |
| Nb | Niobium | |
| Nb | ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y) | YNbO4 |
| Nb | ⓘ Columbite-(Mn) | Mn2+Nb2O6 |
| Nb | ⓘ Pyrochlore Group | A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z |
| Nb | ⓘ Zirconolite-3T | (Ca,REE)2Zr2(Ti,Nb)3FeO14 |
| Nb | ⓘ Oxycalciopyrochlore | Ca2Nb2O6O |
| Nb | ⓘ Oxycalciopyrochlore var. Titan-uranoan Oxycalciopyrochlore | (Ca,U,Na)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(O,OH) |
| Mo | Molybdenum | |
| Mo | ⓘ Molybdenite | MoS2 |
| Sn | Tin | |
| Sn | ⓘ Cassiterite | SnO2 |
| Sb | Antimony | |
| Sb | ⓘ Stibnite | Sb2S3 |
| Sb | ⓘ Kyawthuite | Bi3+Sb5+O4 |
| Te | Tellurium | |
| Te | ⓘ Joséite-A | Bi4TeS2 |
| Te | ⓘ Tellurite | TeO2 |
| Cs | Caesium | |
| Cs | ⓘ Johnkoivulaite-(Cs) | Cs[Be2B]Mg2Si6O18 |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Ce | Cerium | |
| Ce | ⓘ Brockite | (Ca,Th,Ce)PO4 · H2O |
| Ce | ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| Gd | Gadolinium | |
| Gd | ⓘ Monazite-(Gd) | Gd(PO4) |
| Hf | Hafnium | |
| Hf | ⓘ Zircon var. Hafnian Zircon | (Zr,Hf)SiO4 |
| Ta | Tantalum | |
| Ta | ⓘ Oxycalciopyrochlore var. Titan-uranoan Oxycalciopyrochlore | (Ca,U,Na)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(O,OH) |
| W | Tungsten | |
| W | ⓘ Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
| Au | Gold | |
| Au | ⓘ Native Gold | Au |
| Bi | Bismuth | |
| Bi | ⓘ Bismite | Bi2O3 |
| Bi | ⓘ Joséite-A | Bi4TeS2 |
| Bi | ⓘ Kyawthuite | Bi3+Sb5+O4 |
| Th | Thorium | |
| Th | ⓘ Brockite | (Ca,Th,Ce)PO4 · H2O |
| Th | ⓘ Ekanite | Ca2ThSi8O20 |
| Th | ⓘ Thorianite | ThO2 |
| Th | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| Th | ⓘ Thorutite | (Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6 |
| Th | ⓘ Thorianite var. Uranothorianite | (Th,U)O2 |
| Th | ⓘ Thorianite-Uraninite Series | |
| Th | ⓘ Unnamed (Al-Th Oxide) | Al2Th3O9 |
| U | Uranium | |
| U | ⓘ Uraninite var. Pitchblende | UO2 |
| U | ⓘ Thorutite | (Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6 |
| U | ⓘ Uraninite | UO2 |
| U | ⓘ Thorianite var. Uranothorianite | (Th,U)O2 |
| U | ⓘ Thorianite-Uraninite Series | |
| U | ⓘ Oxycalciopyrochlore var. Titan-uranoan Oxycalciopyrochlore | (Ca,U,Na)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(O,OH) |
Fossils
There are 4 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.
| Occurrences | 4 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Youngest Fossil Listed | 0.01 Ma (Pleistocene) | ||||||
| Oldest Fossil Listed | 461 Ma (Middle Ordovician) | ||||||
| Stratigraphic Units |
| ||||||
| Fossils from Region | Click here to show the list. | ||||||
| Fossil Localities | Click to show 2 fossil localities |
Other Databases
| Wikipedia: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mogok_Township |
|---|---|
| Wikidata ID: | Q6890668 |
| GeoNames ID: | 11154305 |
Localities in this Region
- Mandalay Region
- Pyin-Oo-Lwin District
- Mogok Township
- Bernardmyo
- Chaung-gyi
- Kathé (Kathe)
- Kin (Guard Post)
- Kyatpyin Central
- Kyatpyin North
- Kyauk-Pyat-That
- Ah-sein-taw
- Ah-tet-inbyae (Open Pit)
- Auk-inbyae (Lower Open-Pit)
- Gwe-kyi (Gwe-gyi?)
- Gwebin (Gwe Tree)
- Kabaing (Ka-Pine; Khabine)
- Kyauk-pyat-that-atay-pyant
- Man-taw-bin
- Pazun-seik (Pazon-Seit)
- Sakangyi
- Sate-inn-loo
- Sinkwa
- Tha-Yet-Pin-Pyint
- Thit-seint-kone
- Thurein-taung
- Wet-loo (Wetloo)
- Yadanar-kaday-kadar
- Loi-sau mountain (Gaba-ant-bwe Taung)
- Mogok Township
- Pyin-Oo-Lwin District
- Mandalay Region
- Pyin-Oo-Lwin District
- Mogok Township
- Loi-sau mountain (Gaba-ant-bwe Taung)
- Marble Ark
- Bawpadan
- Chin-thae Taung (Chin-theit Taung)
- Dan-dagu-taung
- Kadoke-tat (Kadote-dat)
- Kolan
- Kyauk-poke (Rotten Stone)
- Kyauk-sar-taung
- Kyauk-saung-Kyatpyin
- Kyauk-saung
- Kyi-taung (Clear Mountain)
- Man-pyan-taung
- Myeme (Black Earth)
- Ohn-bin-Kyatpyin
- Pyaung-pyin-ahnout (Pyaung-pein west)
- Pyaung-pyin
- Sin-thé-gyant
- Than-tayar (Hundred Billions)
- Thé-dut-sho-Kyatpyin (Night-bird)
- Win-hta-yan (Fence)
- Yankin-taung (Safe Hill)
- Mogok Valley
- Dattaw-taung (Dattaw hill)
- Ha-pha-lar-sho
- Ho-mine-sho
- Lay-bin-sin
- Le-U-le-taw
- Le-U-thet-kachan
- Lin-yaung-chi (Bright Light Rays)
- Mintada (King's Bridge)
- Myaw-pyet
- Myaw-taung
- Nga-yant-inn (old Pan-sho; Padan-sho)
- Oak-saung-taung (Oh Saung Taung; Phayar-taung)
- Ohn-bin-ywe-htwet (Coconut Tree mine)
- Ohngaing
- Shon-ban-gyi
- Shon-ban-lay
- Shon-daw-myaing
- Shwe-daing
- Shwe-pyi-aye
- Ye-bauk-thar-yar (Ye-bauk-thayar)
- Yebu-kalar-gon
- Yebu-thapanbin-kyar (Thabapin)
- Yebu (Hot Water)
- Nampai Valley (Nampan Valley)
- On-dan
- Pein-Pyit (Painpyit; Pyan Pyit)
- Ye-aye
- Mogok Township
- Pyin-Oo-Lwin District
Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect
AsiaContinent
- Hindukush Himalayan RegionGroup of Mountain Ranges
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
- Katha-Gangaw RangeOphiolite Complex
- Sibumasu TerranePassive Margin
Myanmar
- Mandalay Region
- Pyin-Oo-Lwin District
- Mogok Township
- Marble ArkMining Area
- Mogok Township
- Pyin-Oo-Lwin District
This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to
visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders
for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.
References
Adams, Frank Dawson, Graham, R. P. D. (1926) On some minerals from the Ruby Mining District of Mogok, upper Burma. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 20 (4) Ottawa. 113-136
Keller, Peter C. (1983) The Rubies of Burma: A Review of the Mogok Stone Tract. Gems & Gemology, 19 (4) 209-219 doi:10.5741/gems.19.4.209
Kane, Robert E., Kammerling, Robert C. (1992) Status of Ruby and Sapphire Mining in the Mogok Stone Tract. Gems & Gemology, 28 (3) 152-174 doi:10.5741/gems.28.3.152
Kammerling, Robert C.; Scarratt, Kenneth; Bosshart, George; Jobbins, E. Alan; Kane, Robert E.; Gübelin, Edward J.; Levinson, Alfred A. (1994) Myanmar and its gems — an update. The Journal of Gemmology, 24 (1). 3-40 doi:10.15506/jog.1994.24.1.3
Waltham, Tony (1999) The ruby mines of Mogok. Geology Today, 15 (4) 143-149 doi:10.1046/j.1365-2451.1999.1504007.x
Searle, M. P.; Noble, S. R.; Cottle, J. M.; Waters, D. J.; Mitchell, A. H. G.; Hlaing, Tin; Horstwood, M. S. A. (2007) Tectonic evolution of the Mogok metamorphic belt, Burma (Myanmar) constrained by U‐Th‐Pb dating of metamorphic and magmatic rocks. Tectonics, 26 (3). TC3014 doi:10.1029/2006tc002083
Garnier, Virginie; Giuliani, Gaston; Ohnenstetter, Daniel; Fallick, Anthony E.; Dubessy, Jean; Banks, David; Vinh, Hoàng Quang; Lhomme, Thérèse; Maluski, Henri; Pêcher, Arnaud; et al. (2008) Marble-hosted ruby deposits from Central and Southeast Asia: Towards a new genetic model. Ore Geology Reviews, 34 (1-2). 169-191 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2008.03.003
Yui, Tzen-Fu; Zaw, Khin; Wu, Chao-Ming (2008) A preliminary stable isotope study on Mogok Ruby, Myanmar. Ore Geology Reviews, 34 (1-2). 192-199 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2008.05.001
Harlow, G. E., Bender, W. (2013) A study of ruby (corundum) compositions from the Mogok Belt, Myanmar: Searching for chemical fingerprints. American Mineralogist, 98 (7) 1120-1132 doi:10.2138/am.2013.4388
Sutherland, F., Zaw, Khin, Meffre, Sebastien, Yui, Tzen-Fui, Thu, Kyaw (2014) Advances in Trace Element “Fingerprinting” of Gem Corundum, Ruby and Sapphire, Mogok Area, Myanmar. Minerals, 5 (1) 61-79 doi:10.3390/min5010061
Giuliani, Gaston, Dubessy, Jean, Banks, David A., Lhomme, Thérèse, Ohnenstetter, Daniel (2015) Fluid inclusions in ruby from Asian marble deposits: genetic implications. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (3) 393-404 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2442
Zaw, Khin, Sutherland, Lin, Yui, Tzen-Fu, Meffre, Sebastien, Thu, Kyaw (2015) Vanadium-rich ruby and sapphire within Mogok Gemfield, Myanmar: implications for gem color and genesis. Mineralium Deposita, 50 (1) 25-39 doi:10.1007/s00126-014-0545-0
Oo, Tin Zaw, Win, Nwe Ni (2015) Geology and Gems of Mogok Area, Pyin Oo Lwin District, Mandalay Region. Doctoral dissertation, MERAL.
Maw Maw Win, , Enami, Masaki, Kato, Takenori (2016) Metamorphic conditions and CHIME monazite ages of Late Eocene to Late Oligocene high-temperature Mogok metamorphic rocks in central Myanmar. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 117. 304-316 doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.11.023
Phyo, Myint Myat, Guillong, M., Franz, L., Berger, A., Wang, H.A.O., Krzemnicki, M.S. (2018) A geochronological study of zircon and zirconolite observed in ruby and spinel gemstones and in marble host rock from Mogok, Myanmar, in Mineralogy, Petrology, Geochemistry. Abstract Volume, 16th Swiss Geoscience Meeting Bern, 30th November – 1st December 2018, 2. Swiss Academy of Sciences. 122-123
Phyo, Myint Myat, Franz, Leander, Bieler, Eva, Balmer, Walter, Krzemnicki, Michael S. (2019) Spinel from Mogok, Myanmar—A Detailed Inclusion Study by Raman Microspectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The Journal of Gemmology, 36 (5) 418-435 doi:10.15506/jog.2019.36.5.418
Sutherland, Frederick; Zaw, Khin; Meffre, Sebastien; Thompson, Jay; Goemann, Karsten; Thu, Kyaw; Nu, Than; Zin, Mazlinfalina; Harris, Stephen (2019) Diversity in Ruby Geochemistry and Its Inclusions: Intra- and Inter-Continental Comparisons from Myanmar and Eastern Australia. Minerals, 9 (1). p.28. doi:10.3390/min9010028
Woolley, Alan R. (2019) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. Part 4: Antarctica, Asia and Europe (excluding the former USSR), Australasia and Oceanic Islands. The Geological Society of London. doi:10.1144/mpar4
Malíčková, Iveta, Bačík, Peter, Fridrichová, Jana, Hanus, Radek, Illášová, Ľudmila, Štubňa, Ján, Furka, Daniel, Furka, Samuel, Škoda, Radek (2021) Optical and Luminescence Spectroscopy of Varicolored Gem Spinel from Mogok, Myanmar and Lục Yên, Vietnam. Minerals, 11 (2) 169 doi:10.3390/min11020169
[1]Xu, Qian, Xu, Bo, Gao, Yujie, Li, Siying (2023) Characterization of Red, Pink, Orange, and Purple Gem-Quality Spinel from Four Important Areas. Crystals, 14 (1). 50 doi:10.3390/cryst14010050
Guo, Qian, Guo, Shun, Yang, Yueheng, Mao, Qian, Yuan, Jiangyan, Wu, Shitou, Liu, Xiaochi, Sein, Kyaing (2024) Multiple growth of zirconolite in marble (Mogok metamorphic belt, Myanmar): evidence for episodes of fluid metasomatism and Zr–Ti–U mineralization in metacarbonate systems. European Journal of Mineralogy, 36 (1). doi:10.5194/ejm-36-11-2024
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Mogok Township, Pyin-Oo-Lwin District, Mandalay Region, Myanmar