ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ (1932โ€“2018)

Aharon Appelfeld

ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคื“. ืฆื™ืœื•ื: ืืจื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ืณื”ืืจืฅืณ.

    ืื”ืจืŸ (ืืจื•ื™ืŸ) ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื˜ืณ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืืณ ืชืจืฆืดื‘, 16 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1932 ื‘ื›ืคืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื–ืณืื“ื•ื‘ื” ืื• ื™ืื“ื•ื‘ื” (Zhadova/Jadova ) ืœื™ื“ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื˜ืฉืจื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ, ื‘ื™ืจืช ื—ื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ืงื•ื‘ื™ื ื”. ื”ื•ืจื™ ื”ื•ืจื™ื• ื”ื™ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ืจืื™ ืฉืžื™ื ืžื”ืจื™ ื”ืงืจืคื˜ื™ื. ืื‘ื™ื• ื•ืืžื• ื”ื™ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืชื‘ื•ืœืœื™ื ืžืฉื›ื™ืœื™ื. ื”ืื‘ ืขื‘ื“ ื›ืžื”ื ื“ืก ื˜ื—ื ื•ืช ืงืžื—. ื›ื‘ืŸ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉืคืœืฉื• ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ืœื›ืคืจ ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื•. ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ืจื’ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืœื›ื• ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืœืชื•ืžื, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืืช ืืžื•. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื’ื™ืจืฉื• ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืื–ื•ืจ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืืช ืื‘ื™ื•, ื•ื”ื’ืœื• ืื•ืชื ืœื˜ืจื ืกื ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื”, ืื•ืชื• ื—ืœืง ืฉืœ ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื˜ืœืจ ืžืกืจ ืœืจื•ืžื ื™ื” ื‘ืชืžื•ืจื” ืœื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชื” ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช. ื‘ืžืฉืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื ื“ื“ ื”ื™ืœื“ ืื”ืจืŸ ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืคืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื”. ืœืงืจืืช ืชื•ื ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื ืกืคื— ืœืฆื‘ื ื”ืจื•ืกื™ ืฉื ืข ืžืขืจื‘ื”. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื ื“ื“ ืœื‘ื“ื• ืขื“ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”. ื‘-1946, ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืคื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื ืืคื•ืœื™, ืขืœื” ืขืœ ืกืคื™ื ื” ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืืจืฅ.
    ื‘ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ืœ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื•ืœืคืจืกื. ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืคื™ืจืกื ืฉื™ืจื™ื, ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ืžื‘ื˜ืื™ื ื›ืžื™ื”ื” ืขื–ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ื™ืง ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื•ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืฆืžื— ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื”, ืฉื ื•ืชืจื• ื‘ืชื•ื“ืขืชื• ืœื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืขืจืคืœ. ื‘ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ื—ืœ ืœืคืจืกื ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ืกืคืจื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืฉืŸ (1962), ืจืื” ืื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ืชื ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ืืœ ืžื•ืงื“ ื•ื‘ืจื•ืš ื—ืคืฅ.
    ืจื•ื‘ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืขืฉืŸ ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืฉืœื”ื™ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื, ื•ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื”ื ื”ื ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ ืฉื•ืื” ืฉืขืœ ืœื•ื— ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืกืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ืขืžื•ืžื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื•ื’ื ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืœืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืจื— ืงื˜ื•ืข ื•ืžื˜ื•ืฉื˜ืฉ.
    ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ืขืœ ื ื•ืคื™ื” ื•ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืชื”, ืื• ืœื™ืชืจ ื“ื™ื•ืง, ื›ืžื” ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช ื”ื–ืืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืฆื‘ื• ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืจื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืืคืœืคืœื“, ืžื•ืฆืื•ืช ืืช ืžืงื•ืžืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•, ื‘ืื•ืจื— ืจืฆื™ืฃ ื•ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™, ื”ื—ืœ ืžืงื•ื‘ืฆื™ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืจื” (1963) ื•ื›ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ (1965). ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ืงื ืืคืœืคืœื“ ืืช ื–ื™ืจืช ื”ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืš ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•, ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ื›ื•ืชื•ื ืช (1973), ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ืžื›ื•ึธืช ื”ืื•ืจ (1983), ืฉืขื™ืงืจื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ืงืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื ืขืจื™ื ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ ืฉื•ืื” ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืœื” ืดื‘ืืจื˜ืคื•ืก ื‘ืŸ ืืœืžื•ื•ืชืด ืฉื ื›ืœืœื” ื‘ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื”ื›ืชื•ื ืช ื•ื”ืคืกื™ื (1983), ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ืคืชืื•ื ืื”ื‘ื” (2001) ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ื•ืื•ืœื ื‘ืฉืืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ื—ื–ืจ ื•ืžื™ืงื ืืคืœืคืœื“ ืืช ื–ื™ืจืช ื”ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉื‘ืขื˜ื™ื™ื” ื–ื›ื” ืœืฉืœืœ ื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื.
    ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืกื™ื ื•ืคื˜ื™ ืขืœ ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• โ€“ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืขื“ ื›ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืกืคืจื™ื: ืงื•ื‘ืฆื™ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื ื•ื‘ืœื•ืช, ืจื•ืžื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื, ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ืช, ืžืกื•ืช ื•ืžื—ื–ื” โ€“ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ืช ืฉืœื• ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื‘ืžืคื•ืช โ€“ ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื’ื ืชื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช (ืคืจื•ื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช) ืจื’ืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ื•ืช.
    ื”ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืฉืื•ืชื• ืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื ื•ืช ืดืžื•ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ื ืฉื™ืŸืด, ื”ื•ื ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื™ ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื•ื˜ื˜ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืฉื•ืื”. ื”ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ืฉื ื™, ืฉืื•ืชื• ืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื ื•ืช ืดืืจืฅ ื”ื’ื•ืžืืด, ื”ื•ื ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ื—ืœืง ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ืงื•ื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉืื™ืชื• ืžื–ื•ื”ื™ื, ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื”ื•ืจื™ื•. ืืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื ืžื•ืฉื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืจื™ ื”ื•ืจื™ื•, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื ื•ืช ืดื”ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ืงืจืคื˜ื™ืด.
    ืืœื” ื”ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื–ื” ืžื–ื” ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื‘ืจื-ืื•ืœื, ื“ืจื›ื™ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื ื”ื ื‘ื“ืœื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ืื—ืช. ืขืžื“ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ื–ื• ื”ืชื’ื‘ืฉื” ื‘ื ืคืฉื• ื•ื‘ืชื•ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ ืื”ืจืŸ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืžืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืคืขืœื• ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™, ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”. ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ืกืกื” ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืชื›ื” ืจื’ืฉื™ืช ื•ื”ื›ืจืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื›ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื ื™ืฆื•ื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื•, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืœื’ืžืจื™, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื–ื”ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืงืœื•ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ืจื™ื• โ€“ ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื•, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื–ื™ืงื” ืจื•ืคืคืช ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช, ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืื•ื˜ื•-ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื”ืงื™ื.
    ืืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”ืขืฉืจื™ื ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ืœืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžื—ื•ื– ืดืžื•ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ื ืฉื™ืŸืด. ื”ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ื–ื”, ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืจื“ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืฉื•ืื”, ืžืขื•ืฆื‘ ื›ืื“ื™ืจ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืื‘ืœ ื—ื“ื’ื•ื ื™ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืคืื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืคืœื•ืจื”. ื–ื”ื• ืื–ื•ืจ ื›ืื•ื˜ื™ ื•ืืœื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ื”ืžืฉืงืฃ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ืŸ ื”ืชื•ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ื•ืช. ืืœื” ื”ืŸ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืขื•ืช ื•ื ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉืชื™ ืคืจื™ื–ืžื•ืช ืืชื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื”ื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืจ ื–ื• ืขื ื–ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืชื•ื“ืขื”. ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“, ืคืจื™ื–ืžื” ื”ื ืจืื™ืช ื›ืžื–ื•ื”ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืขื ื”ืคืจื™ื–ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื›ืจื™ื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืคืจื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื-ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™, ืคืจื™ื–ืžื” ืฉื’ืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื” ื ื™ืฆื ื™ ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืื™ื›ืจื™ื ืžื–ื”, ื•ื‘ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžื–ื”.
    ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื ื”ืชืžืงื“ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžื—ื•ื– ืดืืจืฅ ื”ื’ื•ืžืืด. ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืฆื‘ ื‘ืื—ืช ืžืฉืชื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืชืฆืคื™ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืืš ืžืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช: ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžืชื‘ื•ืœืœ ื”ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืดืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ืชืด ื•ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื’ื•ื™ื” ืฉืฉื™ืจืชื” ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื.
    ืดืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ืชืด ื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืจื ืฉืœื™ื˜ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ, ื›ืžื• ื’ื ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื‘ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ืดืืจืฅ ื”ื’ื•ืžืืด. ื”ืื–ืจื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ืžื“ื•ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื ืชืคืฉืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ืงื•ืจืคื•ืก ื”ื–ื” ื›ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื ื‘ื—ืจืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉื”ืฉื™ืœื• ืžืขืœื™ื”ื ืกืžืžื ื™ื ืดืคืจื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ืืด ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ืช, ื•ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ื”ืคืœื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื“ืช ื•ื’ื–ืข. ื•ืื•ืœื, ื•ื›ืืŸ ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืื™ืจื•ื ื™ื” ื”ื—ืจื™ืคื” ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” (ื‘ืื“ื ื”ื™ื™ื, ืขื™ืจ ื ื•ืคืฉ, 1975; ืชื•ืจ ื”ืคืœืื•ืช, 1978 ื•ืขื•ื“), ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช ืžืชื‘ืจืจืช ื›ื”ืžืฆืื” ืžื•ืคืจื›ืช ืฉืžื ืขื” ืžืืœื” ืฉื”ืžืฆื™ืื• ืื•ืชื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ืงื˜ืกื˜ืจื•ืคื” ื”ืžืชืจื’ืฉืช ืขืœื™ื”ื.
    ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื ื’ืœื” ืœื ื• ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืžื—ื•ื– ืดืืจืฅ ื”ื’ื•ืžืืด ื“ืจืš ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืชืฆืคื™ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ื•ื‘ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช: ืดื”ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืฉืžื™ืด โ€“ ืขื™ืงืจื• ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื‘ื“ืœื•ืชื• ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื—ืจื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ื•ืดื”ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ืด โ€“ ืขื™ืงืจื• ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืฉื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื, ื ื•ื˜ืฉื™ื ืืช ื“ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืžืชื ื›ืจื™ื ืœืžืกื•ืจืชื ื•ืœืžื ื”ื’ื™ื”ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื. ืดื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”ืด ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ืดื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ืด, ื ืชืคืฉืช ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื›ืžื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื“ืง ื”ืžืื™ื™ื ืœื—ืกืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช: ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื“ืช, ื‘ื’ื–ืข, ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ื›ื•ืณ.
    ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ืฉืžืžืžืฉืช ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืชืฆืคื™ืช ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืงืืจื•ืœื”, ื”ืžืฉืจืชืช ื”ื’ื•ื™ื” ื”ื–ืงื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืœื” ื›ืื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืŸ (1973). ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืคืช ืžืŸ ื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืงืื˜ืจื™ื ื”, ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ื™ื” ื”ืคื™ืœื•-ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ืช ื‘ืงืื˜ืจื™ื ื” (1992). ืงืื˜ืจื™ื ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ืžืคื ื™ืžื” ืืช ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื”ื ื•ื˜ืงืกื™ื”ื ื•ืžื–ื“ื”ื” ืขื ืžื•ืจืฉืชื. ื”ื™ื ืืฃ ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ืœื’ื‘ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื•ื™ื•ืœื“ืช ืœื•. ื”ื™ืœื“ ื ืจืฆื— ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ื™ ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™, ื•ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื—ืช ืื•ืชื• ื•ืžื‘ืชืจืช ืืช ื’ื•ืคืชื•. ืืช ืชืงื•ืคืช ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืงืื˜ืจื™ื ื” ื‘ื›ืœื, ืœืฉื ืžืชื’ื ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื•ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืจืฆื™ื—ืชื ืฉืœ ืดืจื•ืฆื—ื™ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืืด, ื•ืงืื˜ืจื™ื ื” ืžืชืื‘ืœืช ืขืœ ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืืช ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœื ื”ื™ื ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ื ืจ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœื™ืงื™ืจื™ื”: ืดื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืฉื•ื˜ื˜ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืคืœื’ื™ื. ื‘ื’ืฉื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ืฆืืช ืžื—ืกื” ื‘ื—ื•ืจื‘ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื• ืืœื” ื‘ืชื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื ืขืงืจ ืžืชื•ื›ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœื™ ื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ื›ืžืงื“ืฉื™ืืด (1992, 126-125). ื”ื™ื ืžืžื ื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื” ืœืฉื•ืžืจืช ื”ื—ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ื‘ืจื, ื”ืืงื˜ ื”ื ืืฆืœ ื”ื–ื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื’ืจื•ื˜ืกืงื™ืช ื›ืฉืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืงื‘ื™ืขืชื” ืดืฉืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœืืด (1992, 127).
    ื”ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืžืžืœื›ื” ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ืช ืฉืœ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื”ื•ื ืดื”ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ืงืจืคื˜ื™ืด, ืžืงื•ื ืžื•ืฉื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืจื™ ื”ื•ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืคืจ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืชืคืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืจื•ื—ื•. ื’ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ื–ื” ืžืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืชืฆืคื™ืช ืžืคื•ืฆืœืช, ื”ื“ื•ืžื” ื‘ืื•ืคื™ื™ื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืœื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืฆืคื™ืช ื”ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืงื•ืจืคื•ืกื™ื ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื•ืื•ืœื ื›ืืŸ, ื”ืžืชื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ื ื—ืœืฉ ื•ื”ืฆื˜ืžืฆื. ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื–ื™ืงืช ื”ื’ื•ืžืœื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชื•ื—ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืชื‘ื•ืœืœื™ื ืชืœื•ืฉื™ื, ื”ืžืกืžื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ืžืฆื™ื” ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ืช ืžื–ื”, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ื›ืจื™ื ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื™ื, ื”ืžืกืžื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืžื–ื”, ืชื•ืคืฉืช ื–ื™ืงืช ื’ื•ืžืœื™ืŸ ืžืจื•ื›ื›ืช, ื™ื—ืกื™ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื›ืคืจื™ื™ื, ืชืžื™ืžื™ื ื•ื™ืจืื™ ืฉืžื™ื, ื—ืกื•ื ื™ื ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ืžื”, ืœืขืฆื™ื ื•ืœื—ื™ื•ืช, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ื›ืจื™ื ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™ื™ื. ืืžื ื, ื’ื ื›ืืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœื’ื•ื™ื™ื. ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื”ื™ื” ื•ื ืฉืืจ ืกื•ืคืจ ืกืคืงืŸ ื•ืื™ืจื•ื ื™. ื•ืื•ืœื, ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืœืžืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ื™ื’ื™ื, ืดื”ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ืงืจืคื˜ื™ืด ื ืชืคืฉ ื›ืžื—ื•ื– ื—ืคืฅ.
    ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ื”ืดืงืจืคื˜ื™ืด ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืช ื•ื‘ืขื•ื ื” ืื—ืช (1985). ื›ืืŸ ื ื•ืฆืจ ืฆื™ืจ ืขืœื™ืœืชื™ ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื ื•ืชื•, ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืกื“ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ (2000, 179โ€“199): ืดื”ืžืกืข ืืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ืจื‘ื™ืืด. ืฆื™ืจ ื”ืขืœื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื” ืžืชืžืžืฉ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืกืคืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ืฉืจืื• ืื•ืจ ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืขื™ื ื•ืขื“ ืขืชื”: ื‘ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขืœื” ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื—ืจ (1995), ื‘ืืœ ืืจืฅ ื”ื’ื•ืžื (2009), ื‘ืžื™ื ืื“ื™ืจื™ื (2011) ื•ืขื•ื“.
    ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื-ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืชื•ืืžื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื™ืžื” ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ืช-ืชื•ื“ืขืชื™ืช ื”ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™ืช ืœื”ื. ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืดืžื•ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ื ืฉื™ืŸืด ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืขืจืคื•ืœ, ืื™ืžื” ื•ืื™-ื•ื“ืื•ืช. ืดืืจืฅ ื”ื’ื•ืžืืด ื ืฆืคื™ืช ืžื‘ืขื“ ืœืขื“ืฉื” ืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืคื™ื•ื˜ื™ืช ืžืœื•ื˜ืฉืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืดื”ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ืงืจืคื˜ื™ืด ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืคืจื™ื–ืžื” ื ื•ืกื˜ืœื’ื™ืช-ืืœื’ื™ืช.
    ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืืคืœืคืœื“, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื–ื• ืฉืžื•ืงื“ื” ืดืืจืฅ ื”ื’ื•ืžืืด, ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืžื–ื’ื” ื•ื‘ืื•ืคื™ื™ื” ื”ืคื•ืื˜ื™ ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–-ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืกื˜ืคืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื’, ืืจืชื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ืฆืœืจ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืจื•ื˜, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื–ื• ืฉืœ ืคืจื ืฅ ืงืคืงื.
    ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืคืœืคืœื“, ืœื‘ื“ ืžืงื™ื•ื ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืจืื•ืช ืืžื‘ื™ื•ื•ืœื ื˜ื™ืช ืžื•ืขืฆืžืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ื ืฆืคื•ืช โ€“ ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื•ื”ื™ืงืกืžื•ืช ืžื–ื”, ื•ืจืชื™ืขื”, ื—ืจื“ื” ืื• ืื™ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืชืจืช ืžื–ื” โ€“ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืกื— ืคื™ื•ื˜ื™-ืœื™ืจื™-ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ ืžื•ื‘ื”ืง. ืืžื ื, ื”ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื–ื” ืžืฉืชื ื” ื•ืžืชื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื, ื‘ืจื ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื”ื•ื, ื‘ืœื™ ืกืคืง, ืื—ื“ ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืœื™ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื”ืงื™ื ื•ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื” ืœืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื›ืืดื  ื’ื ืกื™ืŸ, ื’ืณ ืฉื•ืคืžืŸ ื•ื“ื•ื“ ืคื•ื’ืœ.
    ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืชืžื˜ื™ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืืช ืขื’ื ื•ืŸ (ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืจื— ื ื˜ื” ืœืœื•ืŸ) ื‘ืดืกื™ื ื“ืจื•ื ืืฉืช ืœื•ื˜ืด; ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ื˜, ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœืžืจืื™ืช ืขื™ืŸ, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืื—ื•ืจ ื•ืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื•ื•ื” ื”ื“ื™ื ืžื™ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•. ื‘ื™ื—ืกื• ืœื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ืื• ื‘ืœืฉื•ื ื• ืœืดืฉืคืช ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืด, ื”ื•ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืจืœื™ื’ื™ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื ืจ. ื”ื•ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื ื™ ืดื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”ืด, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืขืžื•ืก ืขื•ื– ื•ืืดื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ื‘ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื›ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช, ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืžืขื™ืงืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืœ ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ื“ื’ื ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ืœื“ื’ื ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ืœื“ื’ื ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™-ืกืžืœื™ ืฉืฉืœื˜ื• ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื“ื•ืจื•.
    ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื ื•ื‘ืขืช, ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื”, ื’ื ืžืŸ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืชืืจ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืื” ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ื•ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืจื‘ืชึพืชื”ืคื•ื›ื•ืช ื–ื•. ืื‘ืœ ื’ื, ื›ืžื“ื•ืžื”, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืดืืจืฅ ื”ื’ื•ืžืืด ืฉืœื•, ื”ืžืชื‘ื•ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื”ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืื” ืžืจืชืงืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื–ืžื ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
    ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ืฉื™ืžืฉ ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸโ€“ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื‘. ื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืชืืจื™ ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจื ื“ื™ื™ืก, ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจโ€“ืื™ืœืŸ, ื”ืกืžื™ื ืจ ื”ืชื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื•โ€“ื™ื•ืจืง, ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื™ื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื™ ื•ื”ื”ื™ื‘ืจื• ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืŸ ืงื•ืœื’ืณ. ื–ื›ื” ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืจืก ืื ื” ืคืจื ืง ื•ื‘โ€“1969 ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืžื˜ืขื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื—ืชืŸ ืคืจืก ื‘ื™ืืœื™ืง, ืคืจืก ื‘ืจื ืจ (1975 ืขืœ ืกืคืจื• ืดื›ืื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืŸืด) ื•ืคืจืก ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืคื” (ืชืฉืžืดื’). ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืขืดืฉ ืจื•ื‘ืจื˜ ื•ืžื™ืฉืœ ืืกืจืฃ ืœืฉื ืช ืชืฉืขืดื‘. ืกืคืจื• ืดืคืจื—ื™ ื”ืืคื™ืœื”ืด ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ืžื• ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ืดืื™ื ื“ื™ืคื ื“ื ื˜ืด ืœืฉื ืช 2012. ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ืžื‘ืฉืจืชึพืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืœื™ื“ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื.  ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ื™ืดื– ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืขืดื—, 4 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2018.


ืœื›ืชื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช

ื ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœึพื™ื“ื™ ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช 
[ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื: ืงืจืกืœ ื 134, ื’ืจื ื•ืช, ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ืกื•ืคืจื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”, ะญะปะตะบั‚ั€ะพะฝะฝะฐั ะตะฒั€ะตะนัะบะฐั ัะฝั†ะธะบะปะพะฟะตะดะธั, ITHL.] 
[ืฆื™ืœื•ื: ืณื”ืืจืฅืณ]

ื”ื•ืœืฆืžืŸ, ืื‘ื ืจ. ืดื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ืืœ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืณืขืฉืŸืณืด. ืื”ื‘ื•ืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ. ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ื›ืจืžืœ. 566โ€“551;
ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ, ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘. ืดื—ื ื™ื›ื” ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื•ืืงืกื˜ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืณืงื“ื•ืฉื”ืณ, ืขืœ ืจืงืขื” ื”ืœื’ื ื“ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ื‘ืœื” ืงืื˜ืจื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ืด. ืืคืก ืฉืชื™ื™ื 1. ืื‘ื™ื‘ 1992. 98โ€“87;
ืžื™ื ืฅ, ืืœืŸ. ืดื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸืด. ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืขืœ ืืกื•ื ื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื. ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืžื•ืกื“ ื‘ื™ืืœื™ืง. 200โ€“173;
ืจืชื•ืง, ืœื™ืœื™. ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ ื‘ืœื™ืžื”: ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืืณ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘: ื—ืงืจ. 1989;
ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ ื™ื’ืืœ. ืชืžื•ื ืช ืขื•ืœื. ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืžืื’ื ืก ื•ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. 1996;
ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืจ, ืฉืžื•ืืœ. ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื•ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ, ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื•ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื ืจ ื•ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ื›ืจืžืœ. 2010. 166-15;
ืฉืงื“, ื’ืจืฉื•ืŸ. ื’ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื”: ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื. 1971. 149ยญ-167;
DeKoven Ezrahi Sidra, Booking Passage, Exile and Homecoming in the Modern Jewish Imagination, University of California Press, Berkley, Los Angeles, London, 2000, 179โ€“199;
.

ืกืคืจื™ื•:

  • ืขืฉืŸ : ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, 1962) <ื™ืฆื ืœืื•ืจ ื‘โ€“1969 ืขืœโ€“ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื™ืณ ืžืจื›ื•ืก, ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื>
  • ื‘ื’ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืจื” : ืกืคื•ืจื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืชืœโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืฉื•ืงืŸ, ืชืฉื›ืดื“ 1963)
  • ื›ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ : ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ื“ ืžืกื“ื”, 1965) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช>
    <ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ: ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื‘ื ื” ืœื“ืจื•ื‘ื™ืฅ -- ื’ื•ื ื‘ ืžืจืื•ืช -- ืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื ื•ืช -- ืฆืœ ื”ืจื™ื -- ืžืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื”ื–ืขื™ืจ -- ื”ื›ื ื•ืช ืœืžืกืข -- ื‘ืชื—ื ื” -- ื”ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉ -- ื‘ืžืœื•ื ื”ืกืชื™ื• -- ื‘ืื‘ืŸ -- ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” -- ื›ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ -- ืžืžืจื•ื ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื” -- ื”ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” -- ื‘ืื™ื™ ืกื ื˜ ื’ืณื•ืจื’ืณ -- ืคื’ื™ืฉื” -- ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื -- ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ>
  • In the wilderness : stories / translated by Tirza Sandbank, Sidney Berg and J. Sloane ; drawings by Yehuda Bacon (Jerusalem : Ahืณshav Pub. House, in cooperation with the Youth Aliyah Department of the Jewish Agency, 1965)
  • ื‘ืงื•ืžืช ื”ืงืจืงืข : ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (ืชืœโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื“ื’ื”, ืชืฉื›ืดื— 1968)
  • ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื / ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ืœื“ืคื•ืก ื•ืขืจื›ื” ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื•ืŸ ืžื™ื›ืœ ื—ื•ืžืกืงื™ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื’ืฉืจ ืœืžืฉืชืœืžื™ื : ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช, ืชืฉืดืœ 1970) <ื›ื•ืœืœ: ื”ืงื“ืžื” -- ืจื’ื™ื ื” -- ื”ื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช -- ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืงืจ -- ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” 1946 -- ื‘ืจื˜ื”>
  • ืื“ื ื™ ื”ื ื”ืจ (ืชืœโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืœืดื 1971) <ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื>
    <ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ: ื‘ืจื•ื ื“ื” -- ื”ืœื”ืงื” -- ืจื’ื™ื ื” -- ืื›ืกื ื™ื” -- ื”ืกื•ื—ืจ ื‘ืืจื˜ืคื•ืก -- ื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช -- ื”ืžืฆื•ื“ -- ื”ืขื•ืคื•ืช -- ื”ื’ืœื’ื•ืœ -- ื”ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ -- ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” 1946 -- ื”ื™ื•ื -- ื”ืฉื•ื“ -- ืœื—ืฉื™ ื”ืงื•ืจ -- ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืคื” -- ืฉืžืฉ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืจืฃ -- ืœื™ื“ื™ื” -- ื”ื›ื›ืจ -- ืขื•ืจืš ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•>
  • ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ื›ื•ืชื•ื ืช (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืœืดื 1971)
  • ื›ืื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืŸ (ืชืœโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืœืดื’ 1972) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืกืคืจื“ื™ืช>
  • Como la niรฑa de ojo / traducciรณn directa del hebreo de Etty E. De Hoter (Jerusalem : La Semana Publicaciones, 1976)
  • ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืฉืขื•ืช : ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (ืชืœโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืœืดื” 1975) <ื›ื•ืœืœ: ืดื‘ืื“ื ื”ื™ื™ื, ืขื™ืจ ื ื•ืคืฉืด ื•โ€“ืด1946ืด>
  • ื›ืžืื” ืขื“ื™ื : ืžื‘ื—ืจ (ืชืœโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืœืดื” 1975)
  • ืชื•ืจ ื”ืคืœืื•ืช (ืชืœโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืœืดื— 1978) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืกืคืจื“ื™ืช, ืื ื’ืœื™ืช,ื ื•ืจื‘ื’ื™ืช,  ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช, ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช, ืฉื‘ื“ื™ืช, ืจื•ืกื™ืช ื•ืืกื˜ื•ื ื™ืช>
  • Tiempos prodigiosos / traduccion de Etty de Hoter (Jerusalem : La Semana Publicaciones, 1980)
  • The age of wonders / tr. by Dalya Bilu (Boston : D.R. Godine, 1981)
  • Miraklenes tid / Ahron Apelfeld ; oversatt fra hebraisk av Kjell Risvik (Oslo : Gyldendal, 1983)
  • Zeit der Wunder : Roman / aus dem Englischen von Ute Spengler (Berlin : Ullstein, 1984)
  • Le Temps des prodiges / trad. de lืณhรฉbreu par Arlette Pierrot ; prรฉf. de Marianne Vรฉron (Paris : P. Belfond, 1985)
  • Undrens tid / รถversรคttning frรฅn hebreiskan av Marion Wajngot (Stockholm : Atlantis, 1986)
  • ะŸะพั€ะฐ ั‡ัƒะดะตั / ะŸะตั€ะฒะตะป ะก. ะ˜ะฒั€ะธั‚ะฐ ะž. ะœะธะฝั†.  ะ ะตะดะฐะบั‚ะพั€ ะฏ. ะฆะธะณะตะปัŒะผะฐะฝ (ะ˜ะตั€ัƒัะฐะปะธะผ : ะ‘ะธะฑะปะธะพั‚ะตะบะฐ-ะะปะธั, 1984, 1991)
  • Imede aeg : [romaan] / heebrea keelest tรตlkinud [ja jรคrelsรตna:] Kalle Kasemaa ; [toimetaja Anu Saluรครคr ; aastakรคigu kujundus: Jรผri Kaarma] (Tallinn : Perioodika, 2002)
  • ืžืกื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื”ืกืคืจื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื”ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช, ืชืฉืœืดื˜ 1979)
  • ื‘ืื“ื ื”ื™ื™ื ืขื™ืจ ื ื•ืคืฉ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืดื 1979) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช, ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช, ื“ื ื™ืช, ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ื’ื–ื™ืช, ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช, ืจื•ืžื ื™ืช, ื”ื•ื ื’ืจื™ืช, ืกืจื‘ื•โ€“ืงืจื•ืื˜ื™ืช, ื™ืคื ื™ืช ื•ืคื•ืœื ื™ืช>
  • Badenheim 1939 / translated by Dalya Bilu (Boston : D.R. Godine, 1980)
  • Badenheim 1939 / translated by Dalya Bilu (London : J.M. Dent, 1980)
  • Badenheim 1939 / traduzione di Delfina Rattazzi (Milano : A. Mondadori, 1981)
  • Badenheim : Roman / aus dem Englischen von Martin Kluger (Berlin : Ullstein, 1982)
  • Badenheim 1939 / pรฅ dansk ved Ellen Kirk (Kรธbenhavn : Gyldendal, 1982)
  • Badenheim 1939 ; Tzili : novelas / traduรงรฃo de Rifka Berezin e Nora Rosenfeld (Sรฃo Paulo : Summus Editorial, 1986)
  • Badenheim 1939 : roman / traduit de lืณhรฉbreu par Arlette Pierrot (Paris : P. Belfond, 1986)
  • Badenheim 1939 / รฎn romรขneste de Antoaneta Ralian (Bucuresti : Univers, 1988)
  • Badenheim, 1939. Cili : ket regeny / forditotta Benedek Mihaly, Dobras Zsofia (Budapest : Europa, 1989)
  • Badenhajm, 1939 / prevod Sa Hebrejskog Ana Somlo (Gornji Milanovac : Decje novine, 1989)
  • ใƒใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณใƒใ‚คใƒ 1939 / ใ‚ขใƒใƒญใƒณใƒปใ‚ขใƒƒใƒšใƒซใƒ•ใ‚งใƒซใƒ‰่‘— ; ๆ‘ๅฒกๅด‡ๅ…‰่จณ (ๆฑไบฌ : ใฟใ™ใšๆ›ธๆˆฟ, 1996)
  • Badenheim 1939 / Przeล‚. Henryk Szafir (Warszawa :b Wydawn. W.A.B., 2004)
  • ืžื›ื•ึทื•ืช ื”ืื•ืจ (ืชืœโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืดื 1980)
  • ื”ื›ืชื•ื ืช ื•ื”ืคืกื™ื (ืชืœโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืžืดื’ 1983) <ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ืดื‘ืืจื˜ืคื•ืก ื‘ืŸ ืืœืžื•ื•ืชืด> <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื”ื•ืœื ื“ื™ืช, ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ื’ื–ื™ืช <ืจืื”: ืดื‘ืื“ื ื”ื™ื™ื, ืขื™ืจ ื ื•ืคืฉืด>, ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช, ื”ื•ื ื’ืจื™ืช <ืจืื”: ืดื‘ืื“ื ื”ื™ื™ื, ืขื™ืจ ื ื•ืคืฉืด>, ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช ื•ื“ื ื™ืช>
  • Tzili, the story of a life / translated by Dalya Bilu (New York : E.P. Dutton, 1983)
  • Tzili / vertaling Han Visserman (Amsterdam : Sijthoff, 1984)
  • Tsili : roman / traduit de lืณhรฉbreu par Arlette Pierrot (Paris : p. Belfond, 1989)
  • Tzili : Roman / aus dem Hebrรคischen von Stefan Siebers (Hamburg : Hoffmann und Campe, 1989)
  • Tzili : roman / pรฅ dansk ved Judith Winther og Karsten Sand Iversen (Viby J. : Centrum, 1996)
  • ื‘ืจื˜ืคื•ืก ื‘ืŸ ื”ืืœืžื•ื•ืช <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช, ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช ื•ื™ืคื ื™ืช>
  • The immortal Bartfuss / translated from the Hebrew by Jeffrey M. Green (London : New York : Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1988)
  • Der unsterbliche Bartfuss : Roman / aus dem Hebrรคischen von Stefan Siebers (Hamburg : Hoffmann und Campe, 1991)
  • Lืณimmortel Bartfuss : roman / trad. de lืณhรฉbreu par Sylvie Cohen (Paris : Gallimard, 1993)
  • ไธๆญป่บซใฎใƒใƒผใƒˆใƒ•ใ‚น / ใ‚ขใƒใƒญใƒณใƒปใ‚ขใƒƒใƒšใƒซใƒ•ใ‚งใƒซใƒ‰ใ€”่‘—ใ€•; ๆญฆ็”ฐๅฐšๅญ่จณ (ๆฑไบฌ : ใฟใ™ใšๆ›ธๆˆฟ, 1996)
  • The retreat / translated from the Hebrew by Dalya Bilu ; with an introduction by Gabriel Josipovici (London : Quartet Books, 1984)
  • The retreat / translated by Dalya Bilu (New York : E. P. Dutton., 1984)
  • Il rifugio / trad. di Ettore Capriolo (Milano : Mondadori, 1985)
  • Sebeklam : novely / z hebrejลกtiny pล™eloลพila Jiล™ina ล edinovรก (Praha : Academia, 2000)
  • ื‘ืขืช ื•ื‘ืขื•ื ื” ืื—ืช (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 1985) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช>
  • The Healer / translated from the Hebrew by Jeffrey M. Green (London : Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1990)
  • ืืœ ืืจืฅ ื”ื’ื•ืžื  (ืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™โ€“ืขืช) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืฉื‘ื“ื™ืช,  ื“ื ื™ืช ื•ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช>
  • To the land of the cattails / translated by Jeffrey M. Green (New York : Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1986)
  • To the land of the reeds / translated by Jeffrey M. Green (London : Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1987)
  • Kaveldunets land / รถversรคttning frรฅn hebreiska av Marion Wajngot (Stockholm : Atlantis, 1989)
  • Mod sivenes land / oversat fra hebraisk af Judith Winther og Karsten Sand Iversen (Viby J. : Centrum, 1990)
  • Au pays des roseaux / traduit de lืณhรฉbreu par Arlette Pierrot (Paris : Pierre Belfond, 1992)
  • ืจืฆืคืช ืืฉ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ ; ืชืœโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, 1988)
  • ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืคืฉืขื™ื <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ืช ื•ืœืจื•ืžื ื™ืช>
  • For every sin / translated from the Hebrew by Jeffrey M. Green (London : New York : Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1989)
  • Fรผr alle Sรผnden : Roman / aus dem Hebrรคischen von Stefan Siebers (Hamburg : Hoffmann und Campe, 1993)
  • Pentru toate pacatele / traducere de Bercovici Mirjam-Lea (Bucuresti : Hasefer, 2000)
  • ืงืื˜ืจื™ื ื” : ื ื•ื‘ืœื” (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 1989) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืœืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช, ืœืกืคืจื“ื™ืช, ืœืฆืจืคืชื™ืช, ืœืจื•ืžื ื™ืช ื•ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ืช>
  • Katerina / translated from the Hebrew by Jeffrey M. Green (New York : Random House, 1992)
  • Il mio nome รจ Katerina / traduzione di Sarah Kaminski ed Elena Loewenthal (Milano : Feltrinelli, 1994)
  • Katerina / traducido del inglรฉs por Javier Escobar Isaza (Santafรฉ de Bogotรก : Grupo Editorial Norma, 1994)
  • Katerina : recit / traduit de lืณhรฉbreu par Sylvie Cohen (Paris : Gallimard, 1996)
  • Caterina / traducere din limba ebraica, cuvint inainte si glosar de Rodica Amel (Bucuresti : Univers , 2002)
  • Katerina : Roman / aus dem Hebrรคischen von Mirjam Pressler (Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt-Taschenbuch-Verlag, 2011)
  • ืžืกื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื–ืœ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 1991)<ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ืœื”ื•ื ื’ืจื™ืช>
  • The iron tracks / translated from the Hebrew by Jeffrey M. Green (New York : Schocken Books, 1998)
  • Holt vรกgรกnyok / fordรญtotta Bรกti Jรบlia (Budapest : Ulpius-hรกz, 2003)
  • ื˜ืžื™ื•ืŸ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 1993) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช>
  • The conversion / translated from the Hebrew by Jeffrey M. Green (New York : Schocken Books, 1998)
  • ืœื™ืฉ : ืจื•ืžืŸ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 1994) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช>
  • Laish / translated from the Hebrew by Aloma Halter (New York, NY : Schocken Books, 2009)
  • ืขื“ ื ืคืฉ (ื›ืชื‘โ€“ื™ื“ ืฉืœื ืคื•ืจืกื) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจืงื™ืช>
  • Unto the soul / translated from the Hebrew by Jeffrey M. Green (New York : Random House, 1994)
  • Beyond despair : three lectures and a conversation with Philip Roth / Aharon Appelfeld ; translated by Jeffrey M. Green (New York : Fromm International, 1994)
  • Ruhun kuytusunda / cฬงeviren, Asli Bicฬงen (Iฬ‡stanbul : Metis, 2014)
  • ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขืœื” ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื—ืจ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 1995) <ืขื•ืจืš ื”ืกืคืจ - ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ>
  • ืžื›ืจื” ื”ืงืจื— (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 1997) <ืขื•ืจืš ื”ืกืคืจ - ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ><ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ืช>
  • Die Eismine : Roman / aus dem Hebrรคischen von Anne Birkenhauer (Berlin : Alexander Fest, 2000)
  • ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืื”ื‘ืชื™ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 1999) <ืขื•ืจืš ื”ืกืคืจ - ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ> <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช, ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื•ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช>
  • Tutto ciรฒ che ho amato / traduzione di Ofra Bannet e Raffaella Scardi (Firenze : Giuntina, 2002)
  • All whom I have loved / translated from the Hebrew by Aloma Halter (New York, NY : Schocken Books, 2007)
  • Alles, was ich liebte : Roman / Aharon Appelfeld (Berlin : Alexander Fest, 2002)
  • ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 1999) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช, ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช, ื”ื•ืœื ื“ื™ืช ื•ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช>
  • Storia di una vita / traduzione di Ofra Bannet e Raffaella Scardi (Firenze : Giuntina, 2001)
  • The story of a life / translated from the Hebrew by Aloma Halter (New York : Schocken Books, 2004)
  • Histoire dืณune vie / traduit de lืณheฬbreu par Valeฬrie Zenatti (Paris : Eฬditions de LืณOlivier, 2004)
  • Het verhaal van een leven / vertaald uit het Hebreeuws door Kees Meiling (Amsterdam : Ambo, 2005)
  • Geschichte eines Lebens / aus dem Hebr. von Anne Birkenhauer (Augsburg : Weltbild, 2012)
  • ืžืกืข ืืœ ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 2000)
  • ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ : ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื - ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืื•ืจ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ : ื™ื“ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸโ€“ืฆื‘ื™, 2001) <ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื - ืžืื™ืจ ืืคืœืคืœื“> <ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื - ื™ื•ืจื ืœื”ืžืŸ> <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช>
  • A table for one : under the light of Jerusalem / [paintings by] Meir Appelfeld ; translated from the Hebrew by Aloma Halter (New Milford, CT : Toby, 2005)
  • ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืขื•ื“ ืœื™ืœื” : ืจื•ืžืŸ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 2001) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช>
  • Notte dopo notte / traduzione di Ofra Bannet e Raffaella Scardi (Firenze : Giuntina, 2004)
  • ืคืชืื•ื ืื”ื‘ื” (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 2003)
  • ืคืจื™ื—ื” ืคืจืื™ืช (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 2004)
  • ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืจื•ืงื” (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 2005)
  • ืคืจื—ื™ ื”ืืคืœื” (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 2005) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช>
  • Blooms of darkness / translated by Jeffrey M. Green (New York : Schocken, 2010)
  • ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 2007)
  • ื•ื”ื–ืขื ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื ื“ื (ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื›ื ืจืช, ื–ืžื•ืจื”-ื‘ื™ืชืŸ, 2008)
  • ืืœ ืืจืฅ ื”ื’ื•ืžื (ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื›ื ืจืช, ื–ืžื•ืจื”-ื‘ื™ืชืŸ, 2009)
  • ื”ืื™ืฉ ืฉืœื ืคืกืง ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ (ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื›ื ืจืช, ื–ืžื•ืจื”-ื‘ื™ืชืŸ, ืชืฉืดืข 2010) <ืขืจื™ื›ื” โ€“ ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ> <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ืช ื•ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช>
  • Der Mann, der nicht aufhoฬˆrte zu schlafen : Roman / aus dem Hebr. von Mirjam Pressler (Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt-Taschenbuch-Verlag, 2013)
  • The man who never stopped sleeping / translated from the Hebrew by Jeffrey M. Green (New York : Schocken Books, 2017)
  • ืžื™ื ืื“ื™ืจื™ื (ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื›ื ืจืช, ื–ืžื•ืจื”-ื‘ื™ืชืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011) <ืขืจื™ื›ื” โ€“ ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ>
  • ืขื“ ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืฆืขืจ (ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื›ื ืจืช, ื–ืžื•ืจื”-ื‘ื™ืชืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื‘ 2012) <ืขืจื™ื›ื” โ€“ ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ> <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ืช>
  • Auf der Lichtung : Roman / aus dem Hebraฬˆischen von Mirjam Pressler (Berlin : Rowohlt Berlin, 2014)
  • ืื‘ื™ ื•ืืžื™ (ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื›ื ืจืช, ื–ืžื•ืจื”-ื‘ื™ืชืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื’ 2013) <ืขืจื™ื›ื” โ€“ ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ> <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ืช>
  • Meine Eltern : Roman / aus dem Hebrรคischen von Mirjam Pressler (Berlin : Rowohlt, 2017)
  • ื™ืœื“ื” ืฉืœื ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” (ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื›ื ืจืช, ื–ืžื•ืจื”-ื‘ื™ืชืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื’ 2013) <ืขืจื™ื›ื” - ื™ืขืœ ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ; ืื™ื•ืจื™ื - ื•ืœื™ ืžื™ื ืฆื™>
  • ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื” (ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื›ื ืจืช, ื–ืžื•ืจื”-ื‘ื™ืชืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื“ 2014) <ืขืจื™ื›ื” - ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ>
  • ืœื™ืœื•ืช ืงื™ืฅ ืืจื•ื›ื™ื (ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื›ื ืจืช, ื–ืžื•ืจื”-ื‘ื™ืชืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื” 2015) <ืขืจื™ื›ื” - ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ>
  • ื›ืชืจ ื”ื‘ืจื–ืœ (ื—ื‘ืœ ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ : ื›ื ืจืช, ื–ืžื•ืจื”-ื‘ื™ืชืŸ - ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืœืื•ืจ, ืชืฉืขืดื• 2016) <ืขืจื™ื›ื” - ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ>
  • ืชื™ืžื”ื•ืŸ (ื—ื‘ืœ ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ : ื›ื ืจืช, ื–ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืชืŸ - ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืœืื•ืจ, ืชืฉืขืดื– 2017)  <ืขืจื™ื›ื” - ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ>
ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•:
ืกืคืจื™ื:
  • ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืคื•ืจ ืœืขืฉืŸ : ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื, ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ-ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื•ืื™ืจื™ืก ืคืจื•ืฉ (ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸ-ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื‘, ืชืฉื ืดื— 1997) (ืืฉืœ ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข : ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช, ื›ืจืš ืฉืฉื™)
    ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื:
    ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืฅ:

    • Nash, Stanley L. Critical reappraisals of Aharon Appelfeld.  Prooftexts, vol. 22,no. 3 (Fall 2002), pp. 334-353.
  • ืขื•ืœืžื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ : ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืžืืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื, ืจื™ืกื” ื“ื•ืžื‘, ืื™ืœื ื” ืจื•ื–ืŸ ื•ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ-ืžืจื“ื›ื™ (ื‘ืืจ-ืฉื‘ืข : ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื•ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸ-ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื‘, ืชืฉืกืดื” 2005) <ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื›ื›ืจืš ื”ืณ ืฉืœ ื›ืชื‘-ื”ืขืช ืณืžื›ืืŸืณ, ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืชืฉืกืดื”, ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005>
    ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื
  • ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘ ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ ื•ืื‘ื™ ืฉื’ื™ื (ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ ; ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011)
    ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื
    ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ:
  • ืื•ืคื ื”ื™ื™ืžืจ, ื™ื•ื—ืื™ ื•ืงืฆื™ืขื” ืขืœื•ืŸ.  ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ืžืคื˜ื•ื : ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื’ืžื, 2014)
    ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื
    ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ:
  • ืขืœื•ืŸ, ืงืฆื™ืขื”.  ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ื ื•ืฆืจื™ ื›ืžืคืชื— ืœืžื™ืชื•ืคื•ืื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, 2006) <ื“ื™ืกืจื˜ืฆื™ื”--ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, 2006>
  • ืจืชื•ืง, ืœื™ืœื™.   ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ ื‘ืœื™ืžื” : ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืืณ ืืคืœืคืœื“ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื—ืงืจ, 1989)
    ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื
    ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ:
    • ืื‘ื™ืฉื™, ืžืจื“ื›ื™ [ืž. ืื‘ื™ ืฉืœืžื”] ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืืคืœืคืœื“.  ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ, ื™ืดื ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืžืดื˜, 14 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1989, ืขืžืณ 21.
    • ื”ืœืคืจื™ืŸ, ืฉืจื”. ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.  ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ืณ ื‘ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืดืŸ, 3 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1989, ืขืžืณ 19โ€“20.
  • ืฉื”โ€“ืœื‘ืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“  (ืชืœโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืื•ืจโ€“ืขื, ืชืฉืœืดื˜ 1978) (ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ืœืงืจื™ืื”)
  • ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ, ื™ื’ืืœ. ืงื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ื ืฆื— ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ : ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ - ืชืžื•ื ืช ืขื•ืœื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžืื’ื ืก, 1996)
    ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ:
    • ืืœืžื•ื’, ืจื•ืช. ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืงืจื‘ื”. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื›ืดื‘ ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ืชืฉืกืดื‘, 7 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2001, ืขืžืณ ื‘ 15 <ืขื ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช>
    • ื‘ืœืื˜, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื”ืžืกืข ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“.  ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื™ืดื“ ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉื ืดื—, 15 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1997, ืขืžืณ 7.
    • ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ, ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘.  ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืืš ื ืขื“ืจืช ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœืณ 221 (ื™ืดื“ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉื ืดื–, 21 ื‘ืžืื™ 1997), ืขืžืณ 11.
    • ื ื‘ื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืŸ.  ืกื•ืคืจ ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืฉื•ืœื™ ื”ืžืžืกื“.  ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช - ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื–ืณ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืืณ ืชืฉื ืดื–, 14 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1997, ืขืžืณ 31.
    • ืคืจื•ืฉ, ืื™ืจื™ืก.  ืดื•ื›ื™ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ืžืžืš ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœืžื”?ืด.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืœืณ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื ืดื–, 7 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1997, ืขืžืณ ื“ 2.
    • ืงื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”.  ืœื’ืขืช ื‘ืืฉ ื‘ืœื™ ื›ืคืคื•ืช.  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช - ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืช, ื™ืณ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉื ืดื–, 20 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1996, ืขืžืณ 28 <ืจื™ืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื•>
    • Nash, Stanley L. Critical reappraisals of Aharon Appelfeld. Prooftexts, vol. 22,no. 3 (Fall 2002), pp. 334-353.
  • ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ, ื™ื’ืืœ.  ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ ื›ื ืกื™ื™ื” : 4 ืžืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ (ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืฉืดืข 2009)
    ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื.
  • ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ, ื™ื’ืืœ.  ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“  (ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ ; ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข : ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸ-ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื‘, ืชืฉืขืดื“ 2014)
    ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื.
ืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ืœื•ืขื–ื™ืช:
  • Budick, Emily Miller. Aharon Appelfeldืณs fiction : acknowledging the Holocaust (Bloomington : Indiana University Press, 2005)
  • Edlow, Jeremy B. The theme of escape in the novels of Aharon Appelfeld (New York, 1989) <Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 1989>
  • Itzhaki, Masha. Aharon Appelfeld : le reฬel et lืณimaginaire  (Paris : LืณHarmattan, 2011)
  • Ramras-Rauch, Gila. Aharon Appelfeld : the Holocaust and beyond (Bloomington : Indiana University Press, 1994)
    ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ
    • ืžื–ื•ืจ, ื™ืื™ืจ.  ืขืœ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ืฉื‘ ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืคื•ืจ.  ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 184 (ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉื ืดื”, ืžืื™ 1995), ืขืžืณ 22โ€“24.
    • ืžื–ื•ืจ, ื™ืื™ืจ.  ื‘ื›ืœื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืœื ื›ืคืจื”.  ื”ื“ืืจ, ืฉื ื” 77, ื’ืœืณ ื™ืดื– (ื˜ืดื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉื ืดื—, 10 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1998), ืขืžืณ 22โ€“23.
ืžืืžืจื™ื: ืขืœ ืดืขืฉืŸืด
  • ื‘ื•ืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ืจื•ืจ.  ื”ื”ื•ื•ื” ืื™ื ื• ื”ื›ืœ.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœืณ 688 (ื“ืณ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื•, 2 ื‘ืžืื™ 2006), ืขืžืณ 24.
  • ื’ื•ืœื•ืžื‘, ื“ืงืœื”.  ื ื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื. ืืคืœืคืœื“.  ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืœืืžื ื•ืช, ืœืณ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื›ืดื‘, 4 ื‘ืžืื™ 1962, ืขืžืณ 8.
  • ื’ื™ืœ, ืžืฉื”.  ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“.   ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ื™ืดื— (ืžืดื), ื’ืœืณ ื”ืณ-ื•ืณ  (ื ื™ืกืŸ-ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉื›ืดื“, ืืคืจื™ืœ-ืžืื™ 1964),  ืขืžืณ 442โ€“446 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื / ืขืจื™ื›ื”, ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืื•ื’ืจืืคื™ื” ืžื•ืขืจื” ืขืœึพื™ื“ื™ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ืืœืงื•ืฉื™ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืก, ืชืฉืดืœ), ืขืžืณ 208โ€“216>
  • ื“ื•ื“, ื™ื•ื ื”.  ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“.  ื”ืื•ืžื”, ื [2] (ืชืฉื›ืดื‘), ืขืžืณ 314โ€“315
  • ื”ื•ืœืฆืžืŸ, ืื‘ื ืจ.  ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ืืœ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืณืขืฉืŸืณ.  ื‘ืชื•ืš: ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืคื•ืจ ืœืขืฉืŸ : ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“  / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ-ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื•ืื™ืจื™ืก ืคืจื•ืฉ (ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸ-ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื‘, ืชืฉื ืดื— 1997), ืขืžืณ 83โ€“97 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืื”ื‘ื•ืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ืขืžืณ 551โ€“566>
  • ื–ื ื“ื‘ื ืง, ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ.  ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžื•ืจื’ืฉืช.  ืืžื•ืช: ื“ื•ึพื™ืจื—ื•ืŸ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืฉื ื” ืืณ, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ ื‘ืณ (ืชืฉืจื™โ€“ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉื›ืดื’, ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ-ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1962), ืขืžืณ 100โ€“102.
  • ื–ืณืงื•ื ื˜, ืืžื ื•ืŸ. ื—ืจื™ื›ื”. ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 52โ€“53 (ื ื™ืกืŸ-ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืžืดื“, ืืคืจื™ืœ-ืžืื™ 1984) ืขืžืณ 76.
  • ื›ื”ืŸ, ืื“ื™ืจ.  ืดืขืฉืŸืด.  ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ, 3 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1962.
  • ืžื•ืงื“, ื’ื‘ืจื™ืืœ.  ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื“ื‘ืจ,  ื•ืณ ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉื›ืดื—, 30 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1968, ืขืžืณ 6  <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžื™ืชื™ : 96 ืžืกื•ืช, ืžืืžืจื™ื, ืจืฆื ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจ-ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื›ืฉื™ื• : ื›ืชื‘ : ืขืžื“ื”, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 113โ€“115>
  • ืžื•ืงื“, ื’ื‘ืจื™ืืœ.  ื”ืื ื™, ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืœื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืณืขืฉืŸืณ ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 69โ€“70 (ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืชืฉืกืดื” 2005), ืขืžืณ 22โ€“27 <ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืจืฆืื” ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืช 1995, ื‘ื›ื ืก ืฉื”ื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“> <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžื™ืชื™ : 96 ืžืกื•ืช, ืžืืžืจื™ื, ืจืฆื ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจ-ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื›ืฉื™ื• : ื›ืชื‘ : ืขืžื“ื”, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 308โ€“316 ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš: ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘ ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ ื•ืื‘ื™ ืฉื’ื™ื (ืจืžืช-ื’ืŸ: ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ; ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 489โ€“497>
  • ืžื™ืจื•ืŸ, ื“ืŸ. ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื›ืดื ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉื›ืดื‘, 25 ื‘ืžืื™ 1962, ืขืžืณ 10, 15
  • ื ื‘ื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืŸ. ืขืฉืŸ ื•ืขืคืจ.  ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ื ื—, ื’ืœืณ 6โ€“5 (1984), ืขืžืณ 72โ€“73
  • ื ืชื ืืœ, ืœื™ืœืš.  ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื” : ืขืœ ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืดืขืฉืŸืด ืœืืคืœืคืœื“. ื‘ืชื•ืš: ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘ ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ ื•ืื‘ื™ ืฉื’ื™ื (ืจืžืช-ื’ืŸ: ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ; ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 435โ€“448.
  • ืฆืžื—, ืขื“ื”.  ืจื‘ ื•ืžื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืฆืžืฆื•ื.  ืžื•ืœื“, ื›ืจืš ื› (ืชืฉื›ืดื’), ืขืžืณ 424โ€“427
  • ืฉื‘ื™ื“, ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ. ืดืขืฉืŸืด ืœืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“.  ืœืžืจื—ื‘, 7 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1962.
  • ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืจ, ืฉืžื•ืืœ.  ืณืขืฉืŸืณ - ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ื ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.  ืคื™ ื”ืืชื•ืŸ: ื‘ื™ื˜ืื•ืŸ ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, 24 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1962 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื•ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ : ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื•ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื ืจ ื•ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืจืžืœ, ืชืฉืดืข 2010), ืขืžืณ 13โ€“16>
ืขืœ ืดื‘ื’ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืจื”ืด ืขืœ ืดื›ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅืด
  • ื‘ื—ื•ืจ, ื™ื•ื ื”. ื›ืคื•ืจ ื•ืฉื™ืขืžื•ื. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืดื— ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื›ืดื•, 18 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1966 <ื ื“ืคืก ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจื”: ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืกืคืจื•ืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™ืจื•ืŸ ื’ื•ืœืŸ, 1993), ืขืžืณ 75โ€“77>
  • ืžื•ืงื“, ื’ื‘ืจื™ืืœ [ื’.ืž.]  ื›ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ.  ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 15-16 (ื—ื•ืจืฃ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืชืฉื›ืดื• 1966), ืขืžืณ 145 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžื™ืชื™ : 96 ืžืกื•ืช, ืžืืžืจื™ื, ืจืฆื ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจ-ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื›ืฉื™ื• : ื›ืชื‘ : ืขืžื“ื”, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 245โ€“246>
  • ืงืจืžืจ, ืฉืœื•ื. ื’ื•ื ื‘ ื”ืžืจืื•ืช. ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืจื™ืืœื™ื–ื ื•ืฉื‘ื™ืจืชื• : ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืžื’ื ืกื™ืŸ ืขื“ ืืคืœืคืœื“ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ื“ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžืกื“ื”, 1968), ืขืžืณ 207โ€“213 <ื ื—ืชื: 1966> <ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืดื’ื•ื ื‘ ื”ืžืจืื•ืชืด ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืดื›ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅืด>
  • ืฉื‘ื™ื“, ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ. ืฉืจืฉื™ื ืœืœื ืขืฅ. ืžื•ืœื“, ื›ืจืš ื›ืดื’ (ืชืฉื›ืดื•), ืขืžืณ 516โ€“522.
ืขืœ ืดื‘ืงื•ืžืช ื”ืงืจืงืขืด ืขืœ ืดืื“ื ื™ ื”ื ื”ืจืด
ืขืœ ืดื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ื›ื•ืชื•ื ืชืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ืชื™ื.  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืืžื ื•ืช, ื™ืดื‘ ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืœืดื‘, 1 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1971.
  • ื’ื•ืจืคื™ื™ืŸ, ืจื‘ืงื”.  ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ืดื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ื›ื•ืชื•ื ืชืด.  ื‘ืกืคืจื”: ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ : ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื•ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืœืดื‘ 1972), ืขืžืณ 11โ€“13.
  • ื–ื›ืื™, ื—ื™ื™ื. ืดื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ื›ื•ืชื•ื ืชืด ืžืืช ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืžื‘ื™ืช ื•ืžื—ื•ืฅ : ืžืกื•ืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™ืฉืจืืœ-ื‘ื•ืš, ืชืฉื ืดื• 1996), ืขืžืณ 49โ€“58.
  • ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืจ, ืฉืžื•ืืœ. ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ - ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื”ืืคื•ืก ืฉืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื”.  ื”ื“ื•ืืจ, ื›ืดื– ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืœืดื‘, 14 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1972,  ืขืžืณ 150โ€“151 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื•ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ : ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื•ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื ืจ ื•ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืจืžืœ, ืชืฉืดืข 2010), ืขืžืณ 25โ€“30> <ืขืœ ืณืื“ื ื™ ื”ื ื”ืจืณ ื•ืขืœ ืณื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ื›ื•ืชื•ื ืชืณ>
ืขืœ ืดื›ืื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืŸืด
ืขืœ ืดื›ืžืื” ืขื“ื™ืืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ืžืื” ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื” ื”ื—ืกืจื” (ื).  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืดื• ื‘ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืœืดื•, 31 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1975.
ืขืœ ืดืฉื ื™ื ื•ืฉืขื•ืชืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ื”ื’ืจื•ื˜ืกืงื” ืฉืœ 1946.  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ืณ ื‘ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืœืดื”, 18 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1974.
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ืžืื” ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื” ื”ื—ืกืจื” (ื‘).  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื’ืณ ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ืชืฉืœืดื•, 7 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1975.
  • ืœืื•ืจ, ื“ืŸ. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื-ืฉื•ืื” ื•ืขืจื‘-ื—ื’.  ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 33โ€“34 (1976), ืขืžืณ 257โ€“262 <ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื ื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“: ืดื‘ืื“ื ื”ื™ื™ื, ืขื™ืจ ื ื•ืคืฉืด ื•ืด1946ืด ืžืชื•ืš ืกืคืจื• ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืฉืขื•ืช>
ืขืœ ืดืชื•ืจ ื”ืคืœืื•ืชืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืงืจืงืขื™ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ.  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืดื˜ ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉืœืดื—, 1 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1978.
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืœื” ืœื‘ื’ื™ื“ืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ื (ื—ืœืง ืจืืฉื•ืŸ)  ืžืจืื” <ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ>, ื’ืœืณ 133 (ื˜ืดื– ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืขืดื, 21 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2011).
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืœื” ืœื‘ื’ื™ื“ืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ื (ื—ืœืง ืฉื ื™)  ืžืจืื” <ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ>, ื’ืœืณ 134 (ื›ืดื’ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืขืดื, 28 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2011).
  • ื‘ืŸ-ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืฆื—ืง. ืชื•ืจ ื”ืคืœืื•ืช โ€“ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืœื”ื•ืจืื”, ื’ืœืณ ื™ืดื‘-ื™ืดื’ (ืื“ืจ ืชืฉืดื, ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1980), ืขืžืณ 29โ€“34.
  • ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื™, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืงืฅ ื”ืคืœืื•ืช ื ื•ืกื— ืืคืœืคืœื“. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืžืดื–, ื’ืœืณ 3โ€“4 (ืื‘-ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืœืดื—, ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜-ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1978), ืขืžืณ 255โ€“257.
  • ืžื™ืจื•ืŸ, ื“ืŸ. ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืื‘ : ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื•ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืดื• ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืœืดื—, 2 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1978, ื‘ืžื•ืกืฃ ืณืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืืžื ื•ืชืณ, ืขืžืณ 1 (ืžืชื•ืš ืคื ืงืก ืคืชื•ื—) <ื ื“ืคืก ื’ื ื‘ืณื”ื“ื•ืืจืณ, ืฉื ื” 57, ื’ืœืณ ืœืณ (ื“ืณ ื‘ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืœืดื—, 9 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1978), ืขืžืณ 502โ€“504. ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืคื ืงืก ืคืชื•ื—, ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื‘ืชืฉืœืดื— (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ืชืฉืœืดื˜ 1979), ืขืžืณ 49โ€“59>
  • ืฆืžืจืช, ืฆื‘ื™.  ื‘ื™ืŸ ืดื”ืžืื”ื‘ืด ื•ืดืชื•ืจ ื”ืคืœืื•ืชืด - ื–ื•ื•ื™ืช ืื—ืช ืขืœ ืกืคืจื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื. ื‘. ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื. ืืคืœืคืœื“.  ืฉื“ืžื•ืช, ื’ืœืณ ืกืดื˜ (ืชืฉืœืดื˜), ืขืžืณ 106โ€“108.
  • Furstenberg, Rochelle. ืดBeforeืด and ืดafterืด the Holocaust : Aharon Appelfeldืณs ืดAge of Wondersืด. Modern Hebrew Literature, vol. 4, no. 4 (1978), pp. 7-11.
  • Suchoff, David. Kafka and the postmodern divide : Hebrew and German in Aharon Appelfeldืณs The Age of Wonders (Tor ha-pelaืณot). The Germanic review, vol. 75, no. 2 (2000), pp. 149-167.
ืขืœ ืดืžืกื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืจืืฉื•ืŸืด
  • ื’ื•ืœื“ื•ื•ืกืจ, ืฉื•ืฉื ื”.  ื•ื™ื“ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆืœ ื”ืฉื•ืื” : ืขื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ืดืžืกื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืจืืฉื•ืŸืด.  ื”ื“ื•ืืจ, ืฉื ื” 59, ื’ืœืณ ื™ืดื— (ื›ืดื• ื‘ืื“ืจ ืชืฉืดื, 14 ื‘ืžืืจืก 1980), ืขืžืณ 279โ€“280.
  • ื’ืจื ืš, ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ. ืชืขื•ื“ืช-ืขื ื™ื•ืช ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืื ื•ืฉ. ื’ืฉืจ: ื›ืชื‘-ืขืช ืœืขื ื™ื ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ื›ืดื•, ื’ืœืณ 102โ€“103 (1980), ืขืžืณ 146โ€“156.
  • ื•ื™ื˜ืœ, ื“ื•ื“. ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช. ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœืกืคืจื•ืช, ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 3 (1980), ืขืžืณ 22โ€“23, 48.
  • ืœื ื“ืจ, ืคื ื—ืก. ืืคืœืคืœื“ ืขืœ ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื• ื•ื ืขื•ืจื™ื•. ืชืžื•ืจื•ืช: ื™ืจื—ื•ืŸ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื™ื•ืœื™ 1980, ืขืžืณ 51โ€“52.
  • ืงื˜ืŸ-ื‘ืŸ-ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ื“ื™ื ื”. ืขืœ ืฉื™ื›ื—ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ื•ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ืงืจื•ืช. ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 126 (ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืดืŸ, ื™ื•ืœื™ 1990), ืขืžืณ 12.
  • Nash, Stanley L. A creative sense of impasse : Aharon Appelfeldืณs ืดMasot Beguf Rishonืด. Modern Hebrew Literature, vol. 7,no. 1-2 (1981-1982), pp. 56-59.
ืขืœ ืดื‘ืื“ื ื”ื™ื™ื ืขื™ืจ ื ื•ืคืฉืด
  • ื‘ืŸ ืฆื‘ื™, ืฉืจื” ื’ืณื•.  ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืžื“ืขืช.  ื ืงื•ื“ื”, ื’ืœืณ 303 (ืื‘ ืชืฉืกืดื–, ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2007), ืขืžืณ 55โ€“57.
  • ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื™, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืกืคืจื•ืช ืื• ืกืคืจื•ืช-ื”ืฉื•ืื”. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ื ืดื‘ (1981), ืขืžืณ 224โ€“226.
  • ืขืžื™ืจ-ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ, ืขื“ื ื”.  ื‘ืื“ื ื”ื™ื™ื, ืขื™ืจ ื ื•ืคืฉ.  ื”ื“ื•ืืจ, ืฉื ื” 57, ื’ืœืณ ื˜ืดื– (ื™ืดื– ื‘ืื“ืจ ืืณ ืชืฉืœืดื—, 24 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1978, ืขืžืณ 246โ€“247.
  • ืคืœืื™, ืžืฉื”.  ื—ื™ื“ืœื•ืŸ ื•ืืฉืœื™ื” ื‘ื˜ืจื ืฉื•ืื”.  ื”ื“ื•ืืจ, ื›ืจืš 60, ื’ืœืณ ื›ืณ (ื›ืดื ื‘ืื“ืจ ื‘ืณ ืชืฉืžืดื, 27 ื‘ืžืืจืก 1981), ืขืžืณ 312โ€“313.
  • ืฉื—ื, ื—ื™ื”. ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืคื•ืœ: ืœื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืดื‘ืื“ื ื”ื™ื™ื, ืขื™ืจ ื ื•ืคืฉืด ืœืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“.  ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื•ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช: ื›ืชื‘-ืขืช ืœืžื—ืงืจ ืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 28 (1991), ืขืžืณ 71โ€“81.
  • Hetherington, Naomi.  Israeli Holocaust fiction : a review of Aharon Appelfeldืณs Badenheim 1939 and Amos Ozืณs Touch the water, touch the wind.  The Journal of Holocaust education, vol. 5, no. 1 (Summer 1996), pp. 49-60.
  • Pelli, Moshe. Premonition and illusion in the Pre-Holocaust years in Badenheim 1939. In his The shadow of death : letters in flames (Lanham, Maryland : University Press of America, 2008), pp. 23-32.
ืขืœ ืดืžื›ื•ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืจืด
ืขืœ ืดื”ื›ื•ืชื•ื ืช ื•ื”ืคืกื™ืืด
ืขืœ ืดื‘ืจื˜ืคื•ืก ื‘ืŸ ื”ืืœืžื•ื•ืช ืด
  • Goodman, Zilla Jane. Aharon Appelfeldืณs The Immortal Bartfuss: The Holocaust, the Body, and Repression. In: Hebrew Literature in the Wake of the Holocaust / edited by Leon I. Yudkin (Rutherford : Fairleigh Dickinson University Press ; London : Associated University Presses, 1993), pp. 85-96.
  • Pavis, Marie-Christine.  Lโ€™immortel Bartfuss, un rรฉcit lazarรฉen? Yod: revue des รฉtudes hรฉbraรฏques et juives, num. 19 (2014), pp.227-248 *
ืขืœ ืดื‘ืขืช ื•ื‘ืขื•ื ื” ืื—ืชืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื›ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ - ืืฉืœื™ื™ื”.  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืดื‘ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืžืดื•, 3 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1986.
  • ื‘ืจื–ืœ, ื”ืœืœ. ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ: ืืคืœืคืœื“, ืขื’ื ื•ืŸ, ืดื‘ืขืช ื•ื‘ืขื•ื ื” ืื—ืชืด, ืดืขื™ื“ื• ื•ืขื™ื ืืด - ืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื•ื”. ื‘ืงื•ืจืช ื•ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช, ื›ืจืš 24 (1988), ืขืžืณ 59โ€“80.
  • ื’ื•ืœืฆืณื™ืŸ, ืžืฉื”. ืฉืคืช ื”ื–ืขื ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ : ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืกืคืจ ืดื‘ืขืช ื•ื‘ืขื•ื ื” ืื—ืชืด. ื‘ืชื•ืš: ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘ ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ ื•ืื‘ื™ ืฉื’ื™ื (ืจืžืช-ื’ืŸ: ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ; ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 405โ€“431.
  • ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื™, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื”ืจ ื”ืงืกืžื™ื ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืง ื”ืคืœืžืดื—. ื“ื‘ืจ, ื–ืณ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืžืดื•, 16 ื‘ืžืื™ 1986, ืขืžืณ 17.
  • ื•ื™ื™ื ืžืŸ, ืืจื™ื”.  ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ื ื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื‘ืฆืจื•ืŸ, ื›ืจืš ื™ืดื (ืกื™ื“ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื”), ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 49โ€“51 (379โ€“381) (ืชืฉืจื™โ€“ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉื ืดื‘, ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1991โ€“ื™ื•ื ื™ 1992), ืขืžืณ  159โ€“166.
  • ืœืื•ืจ, ื“ืŸ. ื”ืจ ื”ืงืกืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื›ืดื‘ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืžืดื•, 3 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1986, ืขืžืณ 18โ€“19.
ืขืœ ืดืจืฆืคืช ืืฉืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ื“ื™ื•ืงืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืงื“ื ืก ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™.  ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ื™ืดื˜ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืžืดื—, 6 ื‘ืžืื™ 1988.
  • ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื™, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื‘ื˜ืจื ืื• ื›ื›ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœ. ื“ื‘ืจ, ื™ืดื— ื‘ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืžืดื—, 3 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1988, ืขืžืณ 20 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•  ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื‘ืชึพื™ืžื™ื ื• (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืื•ืจ-ืขื, ืชืฉืดืŸ 1989), ืขืžืณ  13-17>
  • ื”ื•ืœืฆืžืŸ, ืื‘ื ืจ.  ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ ื‘ืœื™ืžื”.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ื™ืดื— ื‘ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืžืดื—, 3 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1988, ืขืžืณ ื‘ 8 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืžืคืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื : ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื›ื™ื•ื (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ : ืกืคืจื™ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืจื™ืื”,  2005), ืขืžืณ  55โ€“58.
  • ืขื™ื ืช, ืขืžืœื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื ืคืจื“ื™ื. ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 101 (ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืžืดื—, ื™ื•ื ื™ 1988), ืขืžโ€™ 5.
  • ืจื•ื“ื™ืŸ, ืฉื™. ืดืื ื™ ื–ืงื•ืงื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ืžืœืื”ืด : ืฉื ื™ ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื•ืคืขืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ื‘ืœื” ื”ื—ืชืจื ื™ืช ืดืจืฆืคืช ืืฉืด ืœืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื‘ืชื•ืš: ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘ ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ ื•ืื‘ื™ ืฉื’ื™ื (ืจืžืช-ื’ืŸ: ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ; ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 449โ€“466.
ืขืœ ืดืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืคืฉืขื™ืืด
  • ื‘ืœื‘ืŸ, ืื‘ืจื”ื.  ืฆืœื ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืฆืœื ื”ืื‘.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื”ื‘ืจื™ื—ื” ืืœ ื”ืืžื”ื•ึผืช ื•ืžืžื ื” : ืืžื”ื•ึผืช ื•ืืžื”ื•ึนืช ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืขืดื“ 2014), ืขืžืณ 109โ€“128.
  • Balaban, Avraham. Aharon Appelfeldืณs For Every Sin: The Jewish Legacy after the Holocaust. In: Hebrew Literature in the Wake of the Holocaust / edited by Leon I. Yudkin (Rutherford : Fairleigh Dickinson University Press ; London : Associated University Presses, 1993), pp. 97-107.
ืขืœ ืดืงืื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืด ืขืœ ืดืžืกื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื–ืœืด
  • ืื•ืคื™ืจ, ืขื“ื™. ื‘ืขืฆื, ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื›ืชื‘ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืจืฆื—. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข, 30 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1991, ืขืžืณ 59.
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ื‘ืžืื” ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืกืดื•, ื’ืœืณ 2 (ื›ืกืœื•-ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉื ืดื‘, ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ-ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1991), ืขืžืณ 35โ€“40 <ื ื“ืคืก ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื”ืขื˜ ื›ืฉื•ืคืจ ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ (ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ : ื™ื—ื“, ืชืฉื ืดื‘ 1992), ืขืžืณ 117โ€“132>
  • ื‘ื•ืฉืก, ื”ื“ื”. ืกื™ื•ื˜ ื ืžืฉืš ื•ืฆืœื•ืœ. ื”ืืจืฅ, 26 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1991, ืขืžืณ ื‘ 4.
  • ื‘ืœืื˜, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื”ืฉืจื™ื“ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืžืกืข ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช. ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื™ืดื– ื‘ืื“ืจ ืืณ ืชืฉื ืดื‘, 21 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1992, ืขืžืณ 6, 8.
  • ื’ื•ืจ, ื‘ืชื™ื”. ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœ ืกืคืจื™ื. ื”ืืจืฅ, 20 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1991, ืขืžืณ ื‘ 9.
  • ื”ื•ืœืฆืžืŸ, ืื‘ื ืจ. ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืจื™ืงื•ืช. ื”ืืจืฅ, ื™ืดื– ื‘ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉื ืดื‘, 25 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1991, ืขืžืณ ื‘ 8 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืžืคืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื : ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื›ื™ื•ื (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ : ืกืคืจื™ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืจื™ืื”, 2005), ืขืžืณ 79โ€“81 (ื‘ืฉื ืดืžืกืข ื”ื ืงืžื”ืด)>
  • ื™ื—ื™ืœ-ื•ืงืก, ืžืจื™ื. ืืงืกืคืจืก ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ืคื•ืš. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื›ืดื– ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉื ืดื, 6 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1991, ืขืžืณ 21.
  • ืœื•ื™ื˜, ืขื ืช. ืžืกืข ืœืื™ืกื•ืฃ ืฉืืจื™ื•ืช ื ืคืฉ. ื“ื‘ืจ, ื™ืดื“ ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉื ืดื‘, 22 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1991, ืขืžืณ 19 <ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื‘ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื• ืดืžืกืœืช ื‘ืจื–ืœืด>
  • ืœื•ื™ืŸ, ืืกืฃ. ืกืคืจ ื—ืžื•ืจ. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ, ื›ืดื• ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉื ืดื‘, 4 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1991, ืขืžืณ 19.
  • ืžื•ืกืงื•ื ื”-ืœืจืžืŸ, ื‘ื™ืœื™. ื”ื™ืœื“ ืžืฉื“ื” ื”ืชื™ืจืก. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืกื•ืคืฉื‘ื•ืข, 6 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1991, ืขืžืณ 58, 60.
  • ืžื•ืงื“, ื’ื‘ืจื™ืืœ. ืดืžืกื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื–ืœืด.  ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 57 (ืกืชื™ื•-ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืชืฉื ืดื‘ 1991), ืขืžืณ 298โ€“299 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžื™ืชื™ : 96 ืžืกื•ืช, ืžืืžืจื™ื, ืจืฆื ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจ-ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื›ืฉื™ื• : ื›ืชื‘ : ืขืžื“ื”, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 289โ€“290>
  • ืžืœืžื“, ืืจื™ืื ื”. ื ืงืžื” ืžืื•ื—ืจืช. ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืžื•ืกืฃ, ื›ืดื– ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉื ืดื, 10 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1991, ืขืžืณ 40.
  • ืคื™ื ืกืงืจ, ืฉื—ืจ. ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื“ื•ื”ืจืช ืคื ื™ืžื” : ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืกืข ื•ืฉื™ืงื•ืฃ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืœื” ืดืžืกื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื–ืœืด.  ืžื›ืืŸ, ื›ืจืš ื” (ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005, ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืชืฉืกืดื”), ืขืžืณ  77โ€“88.
  • ืฆื•ืงืจืžืŸ, ืืžื™ืจ. ื›ืชื•ื ืช-ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืื™ื“ื™ืื™ืช. ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ืณ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื ืดื‘, 10 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1992, ืขืžืณ 24.
ืขืœ ืดื˜ืžื™ื•ืŸืด
  • ืืคืœืคืœื“, ืื”ืจืŸ. ื”ื˜ืจื“ื” ื ืžืฉื›ืช.  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืดื• ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ืชืฉื ืดื“, 10 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1993, ืขืžืณ 29 <ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœืจื’ืœ ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืดื˜ืžื™ื•ืŸืด>
  • ืื•ืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช. ืžื•ื•ืช ื™ื“ื•ืข ืžืจืืฉ. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื™ืดื’ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉื ืดื’, 2 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1993, ืขืžืณ 32.
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ื“ื™ื•ืงื ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžืฉื•ืžื“.  ืžืื–ื ื™ื: ื™ืจื—ื•ืŸ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช, ื›ืจืš ืกืดื–, ื’ืœืณ 10 (ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1993), ืขืžืณ 55โ€“59 <ื ื•ืกื— ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช (ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ : ื™ื—ื“, ืชืฉื ืดื” 1995), ืขืžืณ 57โ€“68>
  • ื‘ืœืื˜, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืžืฉืงืขื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจ. ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื›ืดื’ ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉื ืดื“, 8 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1993, ืขืžืณ 6.
  • ื‘ืจืชื ื, ืื•ืจืฆื™ื•ืŸ. ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืื–ืณื•ืจื™ื•ืช. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ, ื™ืดื’ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉื ืดื’, 2 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1993, ืขืžืณ 22.
  • ื—ืคืฅ, ืคื‘ื™ืื ื”. ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื˜ื”ื•ืจื•ืช.  ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ื”ืžื“ืจื™ืš, ื•ืณ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉื ืดื’, 25 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1993, ืขืžืณ 30.
  • ื™ืฆื—ืงื™, ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ื”. ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ื—ืœืง ืœื ื™ืžื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœืขืจืœื™ื.  ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 163โ€“164 (1993), ืขืžืณ 14โ€“15, 50.
  • ื›ืกืคื™, ื–ื”ื‘ื”.  ืœืงืœืฃ ืืช ื”ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื’ืจืขื™ืŸ ื–ื”ื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืฆืžื“ื™ ื ื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ืžืืช ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ืžื›ืืŸ, ื›ืจืš ื” (ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005, ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืชืฉืกืดื”), ืขืžืณ 47โ€“55 <ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ืดืงืื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืด ื•ืดื˜ืžื™ื•ืŸืด>
  • ื›ืฅ, ืื‘ื™. ื”ืžื˜ืžื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื˜ืžื™ื•ืŸ. ื”ืืจืฅ, ื™ืดื˜ ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉื ืดื’, 6 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1993, ืขืžืณ ื‘ 8.
  • ืจื™ืงื™ืŸ, ืื™ืจื™. ื”ื’ืคืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืฆื™ืช ื•ื”ืขืฉืŸ ืฉืื—ืจื™ ื”ืืฉ. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืกืคืจื•ืช ืืžื ื•ืช, ื™ืดื‘ ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉื ืดื’, 30 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1993, ืขืžืณ 29.
  • ืฉื‘ื™ื“, ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ. ืžืดืฉืžื“ืด ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื”. ื“ื‘ืจ, ื’ืณ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉื ืดื“, 17 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1993, ืขืžืณ 24, 26.
  • ืฉืจื•ืŸ, ืขื“ื™. ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ - ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื˜ืžื™ื•ืŸ. ืขืœื•ืŸ ืœืžื•ืจื” ืœืกืคืจื•ืช, ื’ืœืณ 18 (ืชืฉื ืดื— 1997.98), ืขืžืณ 128โ€“135.
  • Furstenberg, Rochelle. Unsavoury roots. Modern Hebrew literature, New series, no. 12 (Spring/Summer 1994), pp. 38-40.
ืขืœ ืดืขื“ ื ืคืฉืด (ืดBeyond despairืด, ืดUnto the soulืด) ืขืœ ืดืœื™ืฉืด
  • ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™, ื™ื•ืื‘. ื”ืžืจื” ืฉืœ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžื™ืชื™ืช : ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ - ืดืœื™ืฉืด; ืคืจื ืฅ ืงืคืงื - ืดื‘ืœื™ืœื”ืด. ื‘ืชื•ืš: ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘ ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ ื•ืื‘ื™ ืฉื’ื™ื (ืจืžืช-ื’ืŸ: ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ; ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 187โ€“206.
  • ืฉื—ื, ื—ื™ื”. ืดืืœื” ืžืกืขื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœืด : ื”ืžืกืข ื•ืคืฉืจื• ื‘ืดืœื™ืฉืด ืžืืช ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื‘ืชื•ืš: ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘ ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ ื•ืื‘ื™ ืฉื’ื™ื (ืจืžืช-ื’ืŸ: ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ; ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 163โ€“186.
  • Yudkin, Leon I. Literature.  Israel affairs,  vol. 3, no. 2 (1996), pp. 141-142.
ืขืœ ืดืขื“ ืฉื™ืขืœื” ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื—ืจืด ืขืœ ืดืžื›ืจื” ื”ืงืจื—ืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ืจื•ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื›ืจื” ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืฉื•ืื”. ื ืชื™ื‘, ื›ืจืš 11, ื’ืœืณ 60 (1998), ืขืžืณ 84โ€“89.
  • ื‘ืื•ืžืœ, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช. ืœื’ืขืช ื‘ืงื•ืจ, ืœื’ืขืช ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืš. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœืณ 269 (ื›ืดื• ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื ืดื—, 22 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1998), ืขืžืณ 6.
  • ื‘ื•ืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ืจื•ืจ. ื”ืืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื›ืดื“ ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉื ืดื–, 26 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1997, ืขืžืณ ื“ 2.
  • ื‘ื™ืจื’ืจ ื‘ืŸ-ืฉืœื•ื, ืฉื•ืœืžื™ืช. ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื•ืฉื‘ืจื•. ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 212 (ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉื ืดื—, ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1997), ืขืžืณ 23โ€“25.
  • ื‘ืœื‘ืŸ, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช - ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืช, ื™ืดื‘ ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉื ืดื–, 15 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1997, ืขืžืณ 26โ€“27.
  • ื‘ืœืื˜, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืžื—ื ื” ื”ืื™ืžื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืจื™ืง. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืขืดื‘, ื’ืœืณ 1 (ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉื ืดื—, ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1997), ืขืžืณ 59โ€“61.
  • ื‘ืกืจ, ื™ืขืงื‘. ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“: ื›ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉืคื” ืžืฆื˜ืžืฆืžืช. ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 212 (ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉื ืดื—, ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1997), ืขืžืณ 16โ€“19.
  • ื‘ืงื•ืŸ, ื™ืฆื—ืง. ืดื‘ื”ืžื•ืœื” ื”ืืคืœื” ื”ื–ื•ืด. ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 255 (ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื, ืžืื™ 2001), ืขืžืณ 25โ€“27.
  • ื‘ืจื˜, ืขืžื•ืก. ืžื›ืจื” ืฉืœ ืงืจื— ืื• ืžื—ืฆื‘ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ. ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื, ื’ืœืณ 615 (1997), ืขืžืณ 23โ€“26.
  • ื”ื•ืจื•ื‘ื™ืฅ, ื˜ืœื™ื”. ื›ืจื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื” ื”ืงืจื— ืœืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืขืจ, ื›ืจืš 26, ื’ืœืณ 103 (ืื“ืจ ืืณ ืชืฉ"ืก, ืžืืจืก 2000), ืขืžืณ 48โ€“60 <ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ื ืกืคื— ื•ื‘ื• ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื“ื™ื“ืงื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืจืืช ืดืžื›ืจื” ื”ืงืจื—ืด>
  • ื—ื•ื‘ื‘, ืœืื”. ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืชื ื”ืฉื•ืื”. ืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืขืจ, ื›ืจืš 25, ื’ืœืณ 99 (1999), ืขืžืณ 42โ€“47.
  • ื ื‘ื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืŸ. ืงืจื™ืกื˜ืœ ื’ื‘ื™ืฉื™ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช - ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื™ืดื‘ ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉื ืดื–, 15 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1997, ืขืžืณ 31.
  • ืจืฆื‘ื™, ืฉืœื•ื. ืžืชื›ื•ื ื ื™ื ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื”. ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 212 (ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉื ืดื—, ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1997), ืขืžืณ 20โ€“22.
ืขืœ ืดื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืื”ื‘ืชื™ืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ื™ืœื“ ื•ื™ืชืžื•ืช ืขื.  ื”ืื•ืžื”, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 145 (ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2001), ืขืžืณ
  • ื‘ื•ืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ืจื•ืจ. ืืคืœืคืœื“: ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืจื•ืช ืœืœื ื—ื™ื™ื.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื˜ืดื– ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื ืดื˜, 2 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1999, ืขืžืณ ื‘ 14.
  • ื”ื•ืœืฆืžืŸ, ืื‘ื ืจ. ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช: ืžื”ื’ืจ, ืคืœื™ื˜.  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช - ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืช, ื’ืณ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืชืฉื ืดื˜, 19 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1999, ืขืžืณ 26 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืžืคืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื : ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื›ื™ื•ื (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ : ืกืคืจื™ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืจื™ืื”, 2005), ืขืžืณ 197โ€“201, ื‘ืฉื: ืดืžืฆืณืจื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ืืด>
  • ื–ื•ื ื“ืจ, ืžืฉื”. ืจื•ืงื ื”ืชื—ืจื”.  ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืกื•ืคืฉื‘ื•ืข, ื›ืดื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื ืดื˜, 12 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1999, ืขืžืณ 32โ€“34, 36, 38 <ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื‘ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื™ื• ืดืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ืืด ื•ืดื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืื”ื‘ืชื™ืด>
  • ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ, ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘. ืžืขืฉื” ืื—ื“ ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื•ืื•ืช.  ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืขืดื“, ื’ืœืณ 3 (1999), ืขืžืณ 22โ€“25.
  • ืžืœืฆืจ, ื™ื•ืจื. ื—ืฆืื™ ื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช - ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื‘ืณ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื ืดื˜, 19 ื‘ืžืืจืก 1999, ืขืžืณ 27.
  • ืฉืฅ, ืื‘ื ืจ. ื ืคืฉ, ื—ื‘ืจื”, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ื–ื”ื•ืช - ืดื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืื”ื‘ืชื™ืด, ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“, ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื›ืชืจ, 1999. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœืณ 379 (ื›ืดื• ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืดืก, 31 ื‘ืžืื™ 2000), ืขืžืณ 11.
ืขืœ ืดืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ืืด
  • ืื•ื—ื ื”, ื“ื•ื“. ืดืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ืืด ืœืืคืœืคืœื“ : ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืื”ืจืŸ, ื”ืขื“ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ. ื‘ืชื•ืš: ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘ ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ ื•ืื‘ื™ ืฉื’ื™ื (ืจืžืช-ื’ืŸ: ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ; ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 31โ€“49.
  • ื‘ื•ืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ืจื•ืจ. ืืคืœืคืœื“: ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืจื•ืช ืœืœื ื—ื™ื™ื.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื˜ืดื– ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื ืดื˜, 2 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1999, ืขืžืณ ื‘ 14.
  • ื‘ืœืื˜, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืœื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืขืดื“, ื’ืœืณ 1 (ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืดืก, ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1999), ืขืžืณ 63โ€“65.
  • ื‘ืœืื˜, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ื ืขืจ ื”ื ื•ื•ื“. ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืดื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืดืก, 21 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2000, ืขืžืณ 9.
  • ื”ื•ืœืฆืžืŸ, ืื‘ื ืจ. ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช: ืžื”ื’ืจ, ืคืœื™ื˜.  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช - ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืช, ื’ืณ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืชืฉื ืดื˜, 19 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1999, ืขืžืณ 26.
  • ื–ื•ื ื“ืจ, ืžืฉื”. ืจื•ืงื ื”ืชื—ืจื”.  ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืกื•ืคืฉื‘ื•ืข, ื›ืดื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื ืดื˜, 12 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1999, ืขืžืณ 32โ€“34, 36, 38 <ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื‘ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื™ื• ืดืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ืืด ื•ืดื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืื”ื‘ืชื™ืด>
  • ื™ืฆื—ืงื™, ืžืืฉื”.  ืขืœ ืณืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ืืณ ืœืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ : ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ืืจืก-ืคื•ืื˜ื™ืช?  ื“ื™ืžื•ื™, ื’ืœืณ 28 (ืงื™ืฅ ืชืฉืกืดื•), ืขืžืณ 80โ€“83.
  • ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ, ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘. ืžืขืฉื” ืื—ื“ ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื•ืื•ืช.  ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืขืดื“, ื’ืœืณ 3 (1999), ืขืžืณ 22โ€“25.
  • ืœืžื‘ืจื’ืจ, ื“ื•ืจื™ืช.  ื‘ื™ืŸ ืดื”ื›ืชื•ื ืช ื•ื”ืคืกื™ืืด ืœืดืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ืืด : ืดื›ื™ื ื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžื™ืด ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช-ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื‘ืชื•ืš: ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘ ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ ื•ืื‘ื™ ืฉื’ื™ื (ืจืžืช-ื’ืŸ: ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ; ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 85โ€“115.
  • ืžืœืฆืจ, ื™ื•ืจื. ื—ืฆืื™ ื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช - ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื‘ืณ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื ืดื˜, 19 ื‘ืžืืจืก 1999, ืขืžืณ 27.
  • ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืจ, ืฉืžื•ืืœ. ืดื’ื ืื ื™ ื—ื™ืคืฉืชื™ ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช. ื’ื ืื ื™ ื—ื™ืคืฉืชื™ ื˜ืงืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืื™ืชื ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืชืด (ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“). ื”ื“ื•ืืจ, ืฉื ื” 82, ื’ืœืณ 2 (2002/2003), ืขืžืณ 8โ€“17; ื’ืœืณ 3 (2003), ืขืžืณ 6โ€“12.
  • ืฉืงื“, ื’ืจืฉื•ืŸ.  ื”ื‘ืจื™ื—ื” ืžื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื•ืช.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœืณ 321 (ื“ืณ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉื ืดื˜, 20 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1999), ืขืžืณ 1, 2.
  • ืฉืงื“, ื’ืจืฉื•ืŸ. ืžืฆื‘ื” ืœืื‘ื•ืช, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื: ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื– ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจื™, ืงื ื™ื•ืง ื•ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื™ืฉืจืืœ : ื›ืชื‘-ืขืช ืœื—ืงืจ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 7 (ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืชืฉืกืดื” 2005), ืขืžืณ 1โ€“24. <ื‘ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื– ืžื•ื‘ืœืขืช ื”ืฉืืœื”: ื”ืื ืขื•ื“ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืื ื—ื ื•? ื•ืžื”ื• ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืดื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ืืด. ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื“ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื• ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ื– ืดืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื—ื•ืฉืšืด ื•ืžืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื” ืืฆืœ ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ ื“ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื“ื•ืจื•, ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืคืจืกืžื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช: ื—ื™ื™ื ื’ื•ืจื™ ืดื”ื—ืงื™ืจื”ืด, ื™ื•ืจื ืงื ื™ื•ืง ืดืคื•ืกื˜ ืžื•ืจื˜ืืด ื•ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ืดืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ืืด>
  • Domb, Risa.  Memory and Identity in Sipur hayim by Aharon Appelfeld. Mikan, vol. 5 (January 2005), pp. 17-24 <also published in her: Identity and Modern Israeli literature (London : Vallentine Mitchell, 2006), pp. 57-66>
  • Nash, Stanley L. Critical reappraisals of Aharon Appelfeld. Prooftexts, vol. 22,no. 3 (Fall 2002), pp. 334-353.
  • Prouteau, Anne. ยซDes grands malheurs, on peut parler en murmurantยป : lโ€™esthรฉtique de la rรฉticence dans Histoire dโ€™une vie dโ€™Aharon Appelfeld.  Yod: revue des รฉtudes hรฉbraรฏques et juives, num.19 (2014), pp. 23-35 *
  • Sabbah, Daniรจle.  Histoire dโ€™une vie, Histoire de silences : une poรฉtique de la mรฉmoire.   Yod: revue des รฉtudes hรฉbraรฏques et juives, num.19 (2014), pp. 37-67 *
  • Shaked, Gershon. A monument for the fathers, a beacon for the sons : comparing the biography of Amos Oz with the life stories of Haim Gouri, Yoram Kaniuk and Aharon Appelfeld. Modern Hebrew Literature, new series, vol. 1 (2004-2005), pp. 133-148.
  • Vice, Sue.  Memories of wild strawberries.  Jewish quarterly, vol. 52, no. 4 (2005), pp. 84-85.
ืขืœ ืดืžืกืข ืืœ ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃืด ืขืœ ืดืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœืด
  • ืžืœืฆืจ, ื™ื•ืจื. ืืคืœืคืœื“, ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช - ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื›ืดื“ ื‘ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืกืดื, 15 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2001, ืขืžืณ 26.
  • ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ, ื™ื’ืืœ. ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘, ืืœื ืขืœื™ื ื•, ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช - ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื›ืดื“ ื‘ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืกืดื, 15 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2001, ืขืžืณ 27โ€“28 <ื ื•ืกื— ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ ื›ื ืกื™ื™ื” : 4 ืžืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ (ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืฉืดืข 2009), ืขืžืณ 137โ€“158>
ืขืœ ืดืœื™ืœื” ื•ืขื•ื“ ืœื™ืœื”ืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื ื•ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ืฉื•ืื” ื‘ืดืืจืฅ ื”ืžื”ืคื›ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืชืด.   ื”ืื•ืžื”,  (ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2002).
  • ืžืœืฆืจ, ื™ื•ืจื. ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ โ€“ ื”ืฉืคื”. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช โ€“ ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื™ืดื– ื‘ืื“ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื‘, 1 ื‘ืžืืจืก 2002, ืขืžืณ 26.
  • ืฉืฅ, ืื‘ื ืจ. ื”ืกื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช - ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืช, ื™ืณ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื‘, 22 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2002, ืขืžืณ 26โ€“27.
  • Kahan-Newman, Zelda. Yiddish Haunts : The Yiddish Underpinnings of Appelfeldืณs Laylah veืณod laylah. Mikan, vol. 5 (January 2005), pp. 81-90.
ืขืœ ืดืคืชืื•ื ืื”ื‘ื”ืด
  • ื‘ืจ-ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื—ืžื•ื˜ืœ. ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื•ืื”. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื™ืดื– ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉืกืดื’, 15 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2003, ืขืžืณ ื” 2 <ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืœืžืืžืจื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื“ืŸ (ืœื”ืœืŸ). ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื”: ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืฉืจื™ืงื•ืช : ืžืกื•ืช ื•ืžืืžืจื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื›ืจืžืœ, ืชืฉืกืดื” 2005), ืขืžืณ 49โ€“51>
  • ื“ืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ืืจื ืกื˜ ื•ืื™ืจื ื” ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืฉ ืจืง ื‘ืงืจืคื˜ื™ื.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื’ืณ ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉืกืดื’, 1 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2003, ืขืžืณ ื” 2 <ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ื—ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ืจ-ื™ื•ืกืฃ (ืœืขื™ืœ) ื•ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืจ ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื•ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ - ืจืื” ืœื”ืœืŸ>
  • ืžืœืฆืจ, ื™ื•ืจื. ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืกื•ื“ ืื• ืฉื ื™ื™ื. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช - ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ืืณ ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืกืดื’, 29 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2003, ืขืžืณ 24.
  • ื ื™ืจื’ื“, ืœื™ื”. ืฉืชื™ืงื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœืณ 540 (ื‘ืณ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืกืดื’, 2 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2003), ืขืžืณ 6.
  • ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืจ, ืฉืžื•ืืœ.  ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ โ€“ ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ ืงื™ื•ื, ืื• ื‘ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืดืคืชืื•ื ืื”ื‘ื”ืด ืœืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื”ื“ื•ืจ, ื›ืจืš ื (ืชืฉืกืดื–), ืขืžืณ 109โ€“115 <ื ื•ืกื— ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื•ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ : ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื•ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื ืจ ื•ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืจืžืœ, ืชืฉืดืข 2010), ืขืžืณ 31โ€“80>
  • ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืจ, ืฉืžื•ืืœ.  ื›ืžื” ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื“ืŸ ื‘ืณื”ืืจืฅืณ ืขืœ ืณืคืชืื•ื ืื”ื‘ื”ืณ.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•:  ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื•ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ : ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื•ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื ืจ ื•ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืจืžืœ, ืชืฉืดืข 2010), ืขืžืณ 81โ€“98.
ืขืœ ืดืคืจื™ื—ื” ืคืจืื™ืชืด
  • ื’ื•ืœื“ื•ื™ื›ื˜, ืžื™ื›ืœ.  ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืืžื•ื ื”.  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช โ€“ ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื™ืดื‘ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื“, 5 ื‘ืžืืจืก 2004, ืขืžืณ 27โ€“26
  • ืžืœืฆืจ, ื™ื•ืจื.  ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื™ื•ืœื“ืช ื˜ื•ืžืื”.  ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช - ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื‘ืณ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื“, 23 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2004, ืขืžืณ 24
  • ื‘ื”ืœื•ืœโ€“ื“ื™ืžื ื“, ืืจื™ืืœื”.  ื”ืฉืงื˜ ื•ื”ืกืขืจื”.  ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื›ืจืš ื›ื—, ื’ืœืณ 290 (ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืกืดื“, ืžืื™ 2004), ืขืžืณ 17โ€“16
  • ืคืจื•ื ื™, ืืžื™ืœื™ื”.  ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœืณ 585 (ื›ืดื ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื“, 12 ื‘ืžืื™ 2004), ืขืžืณ 6, 8
  • ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ, ื™ื’ืืœ.  ืžื˜ื™ืฃ ื‘ืœื™ ื“ื•ื›ืŸ, ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ ื›ื ืกื™ื™ื” : ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ืดืคืจื™ื—ื” ืคืจืื™ืชืด ืœืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื‘ืชื•ืš: ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘ ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ ื•ืื‘ื™ ืฉื’ื™ื (ืจืžืช-ื’ืŸ: ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ; ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 383โ€“403.
ืขืœ ืดืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืจื•ืงื”ืด
  • ืื‘ื ื™-ืœื•ื™, ื™ื•ืกื™. ื”ืืžืช ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืืžืฆืข. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœืณ 634 (ื™ืดื ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉืกืดื”, 20 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2005), ืขืžืณ 10.
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ืดืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืจื•ืงื”ืด โ€“ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“. ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื•ืช (ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ : ื™ื—ื“, ืชืฉืกืดื• 2006), ืขืžืณ 75โ€“91.
  • ื’ืจื ื•ืช, ืžืฉื”. ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ื™ ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช. ืžื”ื•ืช, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 29 (2005), ืขืžืณ 94โ€“99.
  • ื“ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ, ื—ื™ื•ืชื”. ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ื™ืงื™ืจื™. ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืดื— ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืกืดื”, 28 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2005, ืขืžืณ 15.
  • ื”ื•ืคืžืŸ, ื—ื™ื”. ื–ื”ื•ืช ืคื’ื•ืžื”. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช - ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื‘ืณ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื ืชืฉืกืดื”, 11 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2005, ืขืžืณ 28โ€“29.
  • ืฉื’ื™ื, ืื‘ื™.  ืžื ื™ื›ื•ืจ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช : ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืจื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“.  ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื”ืžืกืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืช : ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื ื•ื™ื˜ื™-ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช (ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ : ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ, ืชืฉืกืดื˜ 2009), ืขืžืณ 149โ€“175.
  • ืฉื’ื™ื, ืื‘ื™. ืดืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืจื•ืงื”ืด : ืžื ื™ื›ื•ืจ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช. ื‘ืชื•ืš: ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื“ื‘ ืœื™ืคืกืงืจ ื•ืื‘ื™ ืฉื’ื™ื (ืจืžืช-ื’ืŸ: ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ; ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 237โ€“260.
  • Ronen, Shoshana. A Journey to Poland โ€“ A Return to the Self in Poland, a Green Country by Aharon Appelfeld. Yod: revue des รฉtudes hรฉbraรฏques et juives, num. 19 (2014), pp. 201-209 *
ืขืœ ืดืคืจื—ื™ ื”ืืคืœื”ืด
  • ืื‘ื ื™-ืœื•ื™, ื™ื•ืกื™. ื‘ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื™ืœืš ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืžืข ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœืณ 679 (ืืณ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื•, 1 ื‘ืžืืจืก 2006), ืขืžืณ 4.
  • ื”ื•ืคืžืŸ, ื—ื™ื”. ื”ืงื“ึตืฉื” ืฉื”ืคื›ื” ืœืงื“ื•ืฉื”.  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช - ืกืคืจื™ื, ื•ืณ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืกืดื•, 6 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2006, ืขืžืณ 29.
  • ื•ื™ืก, ื”ืœืœ. ืืœ ืขื•ืžืง ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช, ืืœ ื”ื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”. ืžืงื•ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืฉื‘ืช, ื›ืดื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืกืดื•, 24 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2006, ืขืžืณ 13.
  • Lowin, Joseph. Blooms of Darkness.  Hadassah magazine, vol. 92, no. 3 (Dec. 2010/Jan. 2011), pp. 74-75.
ืขืœ ืดื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ืืด
  • ืื‘ื ืจื™, ืฉืžื•ืืœ.  ืืคืœืคืœื“ - ื‘ื™ืืœื™ืง: ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ืœื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ : ืขื ืฆืืช ืดื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ืืด ืœืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ื•ื‘ืžืœืื•ืช ืชืฉืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืœื”ื“ืคืกืช ื”ืฉื™ืจ ืดื—ืœืคื” ืขืœ ืคื ื™ืด ื•ื”ืžืกื” ืดื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸืด ืœื‘ื™ืืœื™ืง.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื›ืณ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืกืดื–, 6 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2007, ืขืžืณ 1, 4.
  • ื‘ืŸ ืฆื‘ื™, ืฉืจื” ื’ืณื•.  ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืžื“ืขืช.  ื ืงื•ื“ื”, ื’ืœืณ 303 (ืื‘ ืชืฉืกืดื–, ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2007), ืขืžืณ 55โ€“57.
  • ื™ืฆื—ืงื™, ืžืืฉื”.  ืดืฆื™ืคื•ืจ ืœื‘ื ื”ืด : ื”ืจื”ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ืœืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“.  ื”ื“ื•ืจ: ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืชืฉืกืดื˜ 2009, ืขืžืณ 91โ€“96.
  • ืคื ื—ืก ื›ื”ืŸ, ื—ื•ื”.  ืžื” ื–ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกื•ืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™.  ืžืงื•ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืฉื‘ืช, ื™ืดื— ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉืกืดื–, 6 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2007, ืขืžืณ 12-13 <ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขื ืื”ืจืŸ ืืคืœืคืœื“ ืขืœ ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ืื”, ืขื ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื• ืดื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ืืด ื•ืœืงืจืืช ื›ื ืก ืดื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ืืด>
  • ืฆื™ืžืจืžืŸ, ื‘ืืจื™.  ืžืœื•ื“ื™ื” ื‘ืžื ืขื“ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ.  ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช - ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื˜ืดื– ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื–, 4 ื‘ืžืื™ 2007, ืขืžืณ 29.
  • ืจื•ื“ื™ืŸ, ืฉื™.  ืดื›ืฉืื ื• ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื•ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”ืด.  ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 17 (ื˜ื‘ืชโ€“ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืกืดื—, ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2008), ืขืžืณ 296-300.
ืขืœ ืดื•ื”ื–ืขื ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื ื“ืืด ืขืœ ืดืืœ ืืจืฅ ื”ื’ื•ืžืืด
  • ื‘ื”ืœื•ืœ-ื“ื™ืžื ื“, ืืจื™ืืœื”.  ืดืื“ื ื‘ืœื™ ืฆืœืงืช ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ื‘ืœื™ ืกื‘ืจืด.  ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 340 (ืื‘-ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืกืดื˜, ื™ื•ืœื™-ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2009), ืขืžืณ 6.
  • ื•ืจื“, ื‘ืŸ. ื‘ื“ืจืš ืืœ ื”ื›ืคืจ.  Time Out ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ื’ืœืณ 344 (4 ืขื“ 11 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2009), ืขืžืณ 111.
  • ืงื™ื ืœ, ืฉืœื•ืžื™ืช.  ืื™ืŸ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœืขื•ืœื ื‘ืœื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื.  ืžืงื•ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืฉื‘ืช, ื™ืดื– ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉืกืดื˜, 7 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2009, ืขืžืณ 18.
ืขืœ ืดื”ืื™ืฉ ืฉืœื ืคืกืง ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸืด ืขืœ ืดืžื™ื ืื“ื™ืจื™ืืด ืขืœ ืดื™ืœื“ื” ืฉืœื ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”ืด ืขืœ ืดืื‘ื™ ื•ืืžื™ืด ืขืœ ืดืœื™ืœื•ืช ืงื™ืฅ ืืจื•ื›ื™ืืด
  • ืคืจื‘ืจ, ื—ื‘ืฆืœืช.   ื™ืœื“ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžืกืชืชืจ ื•ื’ื•ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง.  ื”ืื•ืžื”, ื’ืœืณ 200 (ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืชืฉืขืดื•, ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2015), ืขืžืณ 223โ€“229.
ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื:

OpenLibrary โ€“ OL2657094A Wikidata โ€“ Q399969 NLI โ€“ 987007257702005171 LC โ€“ n80009773 VIAF โ€“ 110642632
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