ืื”ืจืŸ ืงื•ืžื (1933)

 <ื‘ื”ื›ื ื”>

Aharon Komem

ืื”ืจืŸ ืงื•ืžื (ืงื•ืžื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืกืงื™). ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื˜' ื‘ืื“ืจ ืชืจืฆ"ื’, 7 ื‘ืžืืจืก 1933 ื‘ื—ื™ืคื”. ื‘-1951 ืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื•. ืœืžื“ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 1966ึพ1968 ืœื™ืžื“ ื‘-Jewish Theological Seminary ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง, ื•ืž-1969 ืœื™ืžื“ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. ื‘-1976 ืกื™ื™ื ืฉื ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ ื‘ื”ื“ืจื›ืชื ืฉืœ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื”ืœืงื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื•ืจืกืก. ืœื™ืžื™ื ื›ื™ื ืก ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ (ื’ืขื–ืึทืžืขืœื˜ืข ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, 1986). ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืขื‘ืจ ืœื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข, ื ืžื ื” ืขื ืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸ-ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื‘, ืชืจื ืœื”ืคื™ื›ืชื” ืœืžื—ืœืงื” ืžื’ื•ื•ื ืช ื•ืฉื ื›ื™ื”ืŸ ื›ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ืขื“ ืฆืืชื• ืœื’ืžืœืื•ืช. ืž-1964 ืคื™ืจืกื ืžืืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื‘ื™ืืœื™ืง ื•ื‘ืจื“ื™ืฆ'ื‘ืกืงื™ ื•ืื™ืœืš. ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืžืžืืžืจื™ื• ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื ื›ื•ื ืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืฉืœืฉืœืช ืฉื™ืจื”" (2004). ื‘ืฆื“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ื”ืžื—ืงืจื™ืช ืคื™ืจืกื ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืžืื– ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื: ืฉื™ืจื™ื• ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™-ืขืช ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื•ืกืคื™ื ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขืชื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ืช ื•ื”ื ื›ื•ื ืกื• ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืงื‘ืฆื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืชื™ืจื’ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืžื—ื–ื•ืช ืฉืงืกืคื™ืจ. ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื›ืชื‘ื™ื• ("ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” - ืฉื™ืจื™ื, ืžืืžืจื™ื, ืกืคืจื™ื, ืจืฆื ื–ื™ื•ืช, 1950-2003") ืคื•ืจืกืžื” ื‘-2003 ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช.  ืชื•ืฉื‘ ื”ืจืฆืœื™ื”. ื ืฉื•ื™ ื•ืื‘ ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื.
[ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช: ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืœืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื]

ืกืคืจื™ื•:

  • ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื•ืช ื—ื’ื™ื’ื™ื•ืช : ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืœ"ื– 1976) <ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก ืืงื•"ื ืœืฉื ืช ืชืฉืœ"ื” ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืคืจืกื•ื ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช>
  • ื“ื ื“ื•ืฉ ื•ื”ืžื›ื‘ืฉ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืž"ื“ 1984) <ืื™ื•ืจื™ื, ื™ืคืชื— ืืœื•ืŸ> <ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื>
  • ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืคื•ืจ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ืชืฉืž"ื— 1988) <ืฉื™ืจื™ื>
  • ื˜ื•ื•ืก ื•ืขื•ืจื‘ : ืกืคืจ ื”ืกื•ื ื˜ื•ืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื–ืžื•ืจื”, ื‘ื™ืชืŸ, ืชืฉืž"ื˜ 1988)
  • ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื™ืจื™ ื™ืขืจ, ื•ืขื•ื“ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, 1989)
  • ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืคืœื” ืืคืฉืจื™ืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ืชืฉื "ื’ 1993)
  • 2001 : ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, 1998)
  • ืฉื™ืจื™ : ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ืชืฉ"ืก 2000)
  • ื’ืœื’ืœ ื”ืžื–ืœื•ืช (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืจืžืœ, ืชืฉืก"ื’ 2003) <ืฉื™ืจื™ื>
ืกืคืจื™ ืขื™ื•ืŸ:
  • ืงื•ื ืงื•ืจื“ื ืฆื™ื” ืœ"ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืฉืžื›ื‘ืจ" ืฉืœ ื ืชืŸ ืืœืชืจืžืŸ (ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸ-ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื‘, ืชืฉื "ื— 1998) <ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืขื ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืŸ-ื˜ื•ืœื™ืœื”>
  • ื”ืื•ืคืœ ื•ื”ืคืœื : ืขื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืคื•ื’ืœ (ื—ื™ืคื” : ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื—ื™ืคื” : ื–ืžื•ืจื”, ื‘ื™ืชืŸ, ืชืฉืก"ื 2001)
  • ืฉืœืฉืœืช ืฉื™ืจื” : ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื (ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸ-ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื‘, ืชืฉืก"ื“ 2004)
    ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื
ืขืจื™ื›ื” ืžื“ืขื™ืช:
  • ืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ื“ืžืžื” : ืฉื™ืจื™ื / ื“ื•ื“ ืคื•ื’ืœ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืž"ื’ 1983)
  • ื’ืขื–ืืžืœื˜ืข ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ / ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื’ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื™ื ืข"ืฉ ื™"ืœ ืžืื’ื ืก, ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ืชืฉืž"ื– 1986)
ืขืจื™ื›ื”: ืชืจื’ื•ื:
  • ื”ืžืœืš ืœื™ืจ / ื•ื™ืœื™ืื ืฉืงืกืคื™ืจ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืื•ืจ-ืขื, ืชืฉื "ื“ 1994)
  • ื”ืžืœื˜ : ื ืกื™ืš ื“ื ืžืจืง / ื•ื™ืœื™ืื ืฉืงืกืคื™ืจ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืื•ืจ-ืขื, ืชืฉืก"ื‘ 2001)
  • ื—ืœื•ื ืœื™ืœ ืงื™ืฅ / ื•ื™ืœื™ืื ืฉืงืกืคื™ืจ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืื•ืจ ืขื, ืชืฉืก"ื• 2006)

ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•:

  • ื’ื•ื˜ืงื™ื ื“, ื ืขืžื™. ืื”ืจืŸ ืงื•ืžื: ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ืขืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืจืฉื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื”. ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื™"ื— ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืž"ื˜, 21 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1989, ืขืž' 6
ืขืœ "ื“ื ื“ื•ืฉ ื•ื”ืžื›ื‘ืฉ" ืขืœ "ื˜ื•ื•ืก ื•ืขื•ืจื‘"
  • ื–ืงืก, ืืจื™ื”. ืกื™ื’ื™ื ื•ื–ื”ื‘. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื—' ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืž"ื˜, 16 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1988, ืขืž' 21
ืขืœ "ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืคืœื” ืืคืฉืจื™ืช"
  • ืžื™ืฉื•ืจื™, ืืคืจืช. ื”ื—ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืชืง. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืกืคืจื•ืช ืืžื ื•ืช, ื›' ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉื "ื’, 9 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1993, ืขืž' 29
ืขืœ "2001 : ืฉื™ืจื™ื"
  • ื’ื•ื˜ืงื™ื ื“, ื ืขืžื™. ืฉื™ืจืช ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืืœืฃ. ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ, ื™"ื– ื‘ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉื "ื˜, 6 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1998, ืขืž' 10
  • ืœื‘-ืืจื™, ื ืขืžื”. ืคืชืื•ื ืฉื•ืจื” ืชืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืขื’, ื’ืœ' 10 (1999), ืขืž' 61-63
  • ืžื™ืฉื•ืจื™, ืืคืจืช. ืชืคื•ื—-ืื“ืžื” ืžืคื•ื™ื—. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช - ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืช, ื™"ื‘ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื "ื˜, 29 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1999, ืขืž' 28
  • ืฉืชืœ, ืฉืžื•ืืœ. ืžื—ืœื™ืคื™ื ืงื™ื“ื•ืžืช ืจืง ื”ืืคืกื™ื ื ืฉืืจื™ื. ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœ' 231 (1999), ืขืž' 9
ืขืœ "ืืœืชืจืžืŸ ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•: ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืžื—ืงืจื™ื"
  • [ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช]. ืืคื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ, ื—ื•ื‘' 16-17 (1989/1990), ืขืž' 98-99
  • [ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช]. ื‘ืงื•ืจืช ื•ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช, ื—ื•ื‘' 26 (1990), ืขืž' 144
  • [ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช]. ื ืงื•ื“ื”, ื’ืœ' 134 (1989), ืขืž' 74-75
  • ื‘ืœื‘ืŸ, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืืœืชืจืžืŸ ื‘ืฉื“ื” ื‘ื•ืงืจ. ื”ืืจืฅ, ื™"ื– ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ืชืฉ"ืŸ, 15 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1989, ืขืž' ื‘ 9
  • ื’ืœื‘ื•ืข, ืžืฉื”. ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆืœ "ื”ืคืจืฉื”". ื“ื‘ืจ, ื˜"ื• ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉ"ืŸ, 12 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1990, ืขืž' 19
ืขืœ "ืกืคืจ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืงื•ืŸ"
  • ืฆื™ืžืจืžืŸ, ืขืงื™ื‘ื. ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ืกืคืจื™ ื™ื•ื‘ืœ. ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื™' ื‘ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉื "ื’, 6 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1992, ืขืž' 6.
ืขืœ "ืงื•ื ืงื•ืจื“ื ืฆื™ื” ืœ'ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืฉืžื›ื‘ืจ' ืฉืœ ื ืชืŸ ืืœืชืจืžืŸ"
  • [ืžืืžืจ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช]. ื‘ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื—ื•ื‘' 47 (2000), ืขืž' 93-96
  • ื“ื™ืงืžืŸ, ืขืžื™ื ื“ื‘. ืฉื›ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืกืคืจื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœ' 331 (ื˜"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉื "ื˜, 30 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1999), ืขืž' 12
  • ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ืฉ. ืืœืชืจืžืŸ: ื”ืงื•ื ืงื•ืจื“ื ืฆื™ื”. ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ, ื›"ื‘ ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ืชืฉื "ื˜, 11 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1998, ืขืž' 13
  • ืžื™ืจืงื™ืŸ, ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ. ืงื•ื ืงื•ืจื“ื ืฆื™ื” ืœืฉื™ืจื™ ืืœืชืจืžืŸ. ืœืฉื•ื ื ื• ืœืขื, ื—ื•ื‘' 49 (ืชืฉื "ื— 1998), ืขืž' 194-196
ืขืœ "ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื" ืœื“ื•ื“ ืคื•ื’ืœ
  • ื‘ืจื•ื ื•ื‘ืกืงื™, ื™ื•ืจื [ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืจืฉืช]. ืงื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืคื•ื’ืœ: ืฉื™ืจื”. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื™"ื˜ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉื "ื—, 15 ื‘ืžืื™ 1998, ืขืž' ื“ 2
  • ืœืื•ืจ, ื™ืฆื—ืง. ืขื“ ืชืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืกืคื™ื ื” ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจื”. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื‘' ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉื "ื—, 26 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1998, ืขืž' ื‘ 14
  • ืžืื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืฅ, ื“ื•ืจื™ืช. ื ื•ืฃ ื”ืื™ืžื”. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช - ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืช, ื•' ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉื "ื—, 28 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1998, ืขืž' 27-28
  • ืงืœื“ืจื•ืŸ, ื ืกื™ื. ื”ืคืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื•ืจ. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช - ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื›"ื— ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื "ื—, 24 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1998, ืขืž' 28
ืขืœ "ื”ืžืœืš ืœื™ืจ" ืฉืœ ืฉืงืกืคื™ืจ ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ืื”ืจืŸ ืงื•ืžื
  • ื–ื ื“ื‘ื ืง, ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ. ืฉืงืกืคื™ืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื•' ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื "ื“, 18 ื‘ืžืืจืก 1994, ืขืž' 31
  • ื™ืจื•ืŸ, ืืœื™ืงื™ื. ื”ืžืœืš ืงื ืœืชื—ื™ื”. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืกืคืจื•ืช ืืžื ื•ืช, ื›"ื” ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉื "ื“, 6 ื‘ืžืื™ 1994, ืขืž' 38-39
ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื:

[ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”: 30 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2018]

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ

 

 

ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ

 

ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•

 

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื

 

 

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ