ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”
ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื—ื‘ืจ ืกืคืจื ื™ื
  

ื–ื”ื‘ื” ื›ืกืคื™ (1945)

Zahava Caspi

    ื–ื”ื‘ื” ื›ืกืคื™ (ืจื•ื–ื ืฉืจ) ื ื•ืœื“ื” ื‘ืื•ื–ื‘ืงื™ืกื˜ืŸ ื‘ื–ืณ ื‘ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืดื”, 19 ื‘ืžืื™ 1945 ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืจื—ื• ืžืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ื™ื’ืจื• ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘-1950. ื’ื“ืœื” ื‘ื—ื•ืœื•ืŸ. ืกื™ื™ืžื” ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจื˜ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ืš ืœื•ื™ืŸ. ืขืกืงื” ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื”, ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืขืœ-ื™ืกื•ื“ื™. ืคืจืกืžื” ืžืืžืจื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื“ืจืžื” ื•ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช. ืœื™ืžื“ื” ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื•ื ืžืจืฆื” ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸ-ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื‘. ืขื•ืจื›ืช ื›ืชื‘-ื”ืขืช ืณืžื›ืืŸืณ ืœื—ืงืจ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืจื›ื– ืณื”ืงืฉืจื™ืืณ ืœื—ืงืจ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช  ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸ-ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื‘,  ื•ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืขืžื•ืชื” ื”ืžื™ื™ืกื“ืช ืฉืœ ืดื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืžืฉื—ืง ื•ืœืื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืžื” ื‘ื ื’ื‘ืด ื”ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืืจ-ืฉื‘ืข ื•ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸ-ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ. ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2015 ืžื•ื ืชื” ืœื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช-ืจืืฉ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืจืคืจื˜ื•ืืจ ืฉืœ ืกืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ. ืืœืžื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ ืืจื™ื” ื›ืกืคื™. ืื ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื  ื•ืกื‘ืชื ืœื ื›ื“ื™ื. ืื—ื•ืชื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืกื•ืคืจืช ืฆืคื•ืจื” ื“ื•ืœืŸ.
[ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช: ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”]

ืกืคืจื™ื”:

  • ืžื‘ื ื” ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืง - ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื“ื•ืžื” ื‘ื“ืจืžื” ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ืš ืœื•ื™ืŸ  (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, 1996) <ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื’ืžืจ (ืžืดื)--ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื-ื”ื—ื•ื’ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช-ื”ืคืงื•ืœื˜ื” ืœืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืจื•ื—>
  • ื‘ืชื•ืš ืดื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืฆืจืด : ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜, ื–ื”ื•ืช ื•ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ื“ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ืš ืœื•ื™ืŸ  (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืชืฉืกืดื‘ 2001) <ื“ื™ืกืจื˜ืฆื™ื”--ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืชืฉืกืดื‘ 2001>
  • ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืš : ืขื•ืœืžื• ื”ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ืš ืœื•ื™ืŸ: ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜, ืžื—ื‘ืจ, ืฆื•ืคื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ : ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื, ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸ-ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื‘, 2005)
  • ื”ื ื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืื™ื : ืืคื•ืงืœื™ืคืกื” ื•ืืชื™ืงื” ื‘ืชืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื, ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœืื•ืจ : ืืกืฃ ืžื—ืงืจื™ื, ื”ืคืงื•ืœื˜ื” ืœืืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืดืฉ ื™ื•ืœื ื“ื” ื›ืฅ, ื”ื—ื•ื’ ืœืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืชืื˜ืจื•ืŸ, ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, 2013)
ืขืจื™ื›ื”: ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื”:

ืขืœ ืดื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืšืด
ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื:

Wikidata โ€“ Q20502283 J9U โ€“ 987007259447905171 NLI โ€“ 000029055 LC โ€“ no2006054691 VIAF โ€“ 44577528
ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”: 3 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2021

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ
ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”
ืขื•ืจืš ืื—ืจืื™: ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื’ืœืจื•ืŸึพื’ื•ืœื“ืฉืœื’ืจ

 

 

ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจืช

 

ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื”

 

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื

 

 

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ