Witwatersrand goldfield, South Africai
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Witwatersrand goldfield | Mining Region |
| South Africa | Country |
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
Type:
Largest Settlements:
| Place | Population |
|---|---|
| Johannesburg | 2,026,469 (2015) |
| Soweto | 1,695,047 (2012) |
| Benoni | 605,344 (2012) |
| Tembisa | 511,655 (2012) |
| Vereeniging | 474,681 (2012) |
| Boksburg | 445,168 (2012) |
Museums in region:
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Witwatersrand Basin
The Witwatersrand is a large basin of metamorphosed conglomerates that forms the greatest goldfield in the world. It occurs across four provinces in South Africa.
It stretches 350 km long by 200 km wide with a thickness that can exceed 10,000 m. The mines have reached depths of 3,600 m.
It stretches 350 km long by 200 km wide with a thickness that can exceed 10,000 m. The mines have reached depths of 3,600 m.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.Mineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities140 valid minerals. 2 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded
Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Native Gold var. Electrum | 1.AA.05 | (Au,Ag) |
| ⓘ | 1.AA.05 | Au | |
| ⓘ | Native Silver | 1.AA.05 | Ag |
| ⓘ | Aurihydrargyrumite | 1.AD. | Au6Hg5 |
| ⓘ | Native Osmium | 1.AF.05 | (Os,Ir,Ru) |
| ⓘ | var. Iridosmine | 1.AF.05 | (Os,Ir) |
| ⓘ | Native Iridium | 1.AF.10 | (Ir,Os,Ru) |
| ⓘ | var. Ruthenosmiridium | 1.AF.10 | (Ir,Os,Ru) |
| ⓘ | var. Osmiridium | 1.AF.10 | (Ir,Os,Ru) |
| ⓘ | var. Platiniridium | 1.AF.10 | (Ir,Pt) |
| ⓘ | var. Platosmiridium | 1.AF.10 | (Ir,Pt,Os) |
| ⓘ | var. Ruthenium-bearing Iridium | 1.AF.10 | (IrxRuyOsz) |
| ⓘ | Isoferroplatinum (TL) | 1.AG.35 | Pt3Fe |
| ⓘ | Graphite | 1.CB.05a | C |
| ⓘ | Diamond | 1.CB.10a | C |
| ⓘ | Native Tellurium | 1.CC.10 | Te |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Dyscrasite | 2.AA.35 | Ag3Sb |
| ⓘ | Arsenopalladinite | 2.AC.10c | Pd8(As,Sb)3 |
| ⓘ | Stibiopalladinite | 2.AC.20a | Pd5Sb2 |
| ⓘ | Chalcocite | 2.BA.05 | Cu2S |
| ⓘ | Digenite | 2.BA.10 | Cu9S5 |
| ⓘ | Bornite | 2.BA.15 | Cu5FeS4 |
| ⓘ | Stromeyerite | 2.BA.40 | AgCuS |
| ⓘ | Tučekite | 2.BB.10 | Ni9Sb2S8 |
| ⓘ | Pentlandite | 2.BB.15 | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| ⓘ | Covellite | 2.CA.05a | CuS |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Cubanite | 2.CB.55a | CuFe2S3 |
| ⓘ | Kotulskite | 2.CC.05 | Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4) |
| ⓘ | Nickeline | 2.CC.05 | NiAs |
| ⓘ | Sudburyite | 2.CC.05 | PdSb |
| ⓘ | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ | Troilite | 2.CC.10 | FeS |
| ⓘ | Modderite (TL) | 2.CC.15 | CoAs |
| ⓘ | Ruthenarsenite | 2.CC.15 | (Ru,Ni)As |
| ⓘ | Millerite | 2.CC.20 | NiS |
| ⓘ | Mackinawite | 2.CC.25 | FeS |
| ⓘ | Braggite | 2.CC.35a | PdPt3S4 |
| ⓘ | Cooperite | 2.CC.35b | PtS |
| ⓘ | Alabandite | 2.CD.10 | MnS |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Linnaeite | 2.DA.05 | Co2+Co3+2S4 |
| ⓘ | Bismuthinite | 2.DB.05 | Bi2S3 |
| ⓘ | Stibnite | 2.DB.05 | Sb2S3 |
| ⓘ | Calaverite | 2.EA.10 | AuTe2 |
| ⓘ | Merenskyite | 2.EA.20 | PdTe2 |
| ⓘ | Moncheite | 2.EA.20 | Pt(Te,Bi)2 |
| ⓘ | Molybdenite | 2.EA.30 | MoS2 |
| ⓘ | Iridarsenite | 2.EB. | (Ir,Ru)As2 |
| ⓘ | Erlichmanite | 2.EB.05a | OsS2 |
| ⓘ | Geversite | 2.EB.05a | PtSb2 |
| ⓘ | Laurite | 2.EB.05a | RuS2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Sperrylite | 2.EB.05a | PtAs2 |
| ⓘ | Marcasite | 2.EB.10a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Glaucodot | 2.EB.10c | (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS |
| ⓘ | Löllingite | 2.EB.15a | FeAs2 |
| ⓘ | Safflorite | 2.EB.15a | (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 |
| ⓘ | Arsenopyrite | 2.EB.20 | FeAsS |
| ⓘ | Osarsite | 2.EB.20 | (Os,Ru)AsS |
| ⓘ | Cobaltite | 2.EB.25 | CoAsS |
| ⓘ | Gersdorffite | 2.EB.25 | NiAsS |
| ⓘ | Hollingworthite | 2.EB.25 | (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS |
| ⓘ | Irarsite | 2.EB.25 | (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS |
| ⓘ | Michenerite | 2.EB.25 | PdBiTe |
| ⓘ | Skutterudite | 2.EC.05 | CoAs3 |
| ⓘ | Proustite | 2.GA.05 | Ag3AsS3 |
| ⓘ | 'Tennantite Subgroup' | 2.GB.05 | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S |
| ⓘ | 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup' | 2.GB.05 | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Chromite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Spinel | 4.BB.05 | MgAl2O4 |
| ⓘ | Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| ⓘ | Spinel var. Pleonaste | 4.BB.05 | (Mg,Fe)Al2O4 |
| ⓘ | Hercynite var. Picotite | 4.BB.05 | (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4 |
| ⓘ | Corundum | 4.CB.05 | Al2O3 |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Ilmenite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2+TiO3 |
| ⓘ | Quartz var. Amethyst | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | var. Chalcedony | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | var. Citrine | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 | |
| ⓘ | var. Smoky Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Opal | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Coesite | 4.DA.35 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Stishovite | 4.DA.40 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Cassiterite | 4.DB.05 | SnO2 |
| ⓘ | Rutile | 4.DB.05 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Anatase | 4.DD.05 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Brookite | 4.DD.10 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Euxenite-(Y) | 4.DG.05 | (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 |
| ⓘ | Brannerite | 4.DH.05 | UTi2O6 |
| ⓘ | Uraninite var. Pitchblende | 4.DL.05 | UO2 |
| ⓘ | 4.DL.05 | UO2 | |
| ⓘ | Brucite | 4.FE.05 | Mg(OH)2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Siderite | 5.AB.05 | FeCO3 |
| ⓘ | var. Mg-rich Siderite | 5.AB.05 | (Fe,Mg)CO3 |
| ⓘ | Ankerite | 5.AB.10 | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Cerussite | 5.AB.15 | PbCO3 |
| ⓘ | Huntite | 5.AB.25 | CaMg3(CO3)4 |
| ⓘ | Azurite | 5.BA.05 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Bismutite | 5.BE.25 | (BiO)2CO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Brochantite | 7.BB.25 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Linarite | 7.BC.65 | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Lanarkite | 7.BD.40 | Pb2(SO4)O |
| ⓘ | Serpierite | 7.DD.30 | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ | Crocoite | 7.FA.20 | PbCr6+O4 |
| ⓘ | Phoenicochroite | 7.FB.05 | Pb2(CrO4)O |
| ⓘ | Vauquelinite | 7.FC.05 | Pb2Cu(CrO4)(PO4)(OH) |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Xenotime-(Y) | 8.AD.35 | Y(PO4) |
| ⓘ | Monazite-(Ce) | 8.AD.50 | Ce(PO4) |
| ⓘ | Libethenite | 8.BB.30 | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Conichalcite | 8.BH.35 | CaCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Descloizite | 8.BH.40 | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Crandallite | 8.BL.10 | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Florencite-(Ce) | 8.BL.13 | CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Mimetite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Pyromorphite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Vanadinite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Churchite-(Y) | 8.CJ.50 | Y(PO4) · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Cacoxenite | 8.DC.40 | Fe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| ⓘ | Leucophosphite | 8.DH.10 | KFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Torbernite | 8.EB.05 | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Chrysotile | 9.00. | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Coffinite | 9.AD.30 | U(SiO4) · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Thorite | 9.AD.30 | Th(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Thorite var. Uranothorite | 9.AD.30 | (Th,U)SiO4 |
| ⓘ | Andalusite | 9.AF.10 | Al2(SiO4)O |
| ⓘ | Kyanite | 9.AF.15 | Al2(SiO4)O |
| ⓘ | Chloritoid | 9.AF.85 | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Titanite | 9.AG.15 | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Clinozoisite | 9.BG.05a | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ | Epidote | 9.BG.05a | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ | Enstatite | 9.DA.05 | Mg2Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | var. Bronzite | 9.DA.05 | (Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2 |
| ⓘ | Augite | 9.DA.15 | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Aegirine | 9.DA.25 | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Actinolite | 9.DE.10 | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Tremolite | 9.DE.10 | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Fluorapophyllite-(K) | 9.EA.15 | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| ⓘ | Talc | 9.EC.05 | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrophyllite | 9.EC.10 | Al2Si4O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Muscovite var. Illite | 9.EC.15 | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| ⓘ | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | |
| ⓘ | var. Sericite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Phlogopite | 9.EC.20 | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Margarite | 9.EC.30 | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Clinochlore | 9.EC.55 | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| ⓘ | Sudoite | 9.EC.55 | Mg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| ⓘ | Rectorite | 9.EC.60 | (Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Kaolinite | 9.ED.05 | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Antigorite | 9.ED.15 | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Albite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | var. Andesine | 9.FA.35 | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| ⓘ | Anorthite | 9.FA.35 | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| ⓘ | Albite var. Oligoclase | 9.FA.35 | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| ⓘ | Natrolite | 9.GA.05 | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Alkali Feldspar' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Amphibole Supergroup' | - | AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| ⓘ | 'Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)' | - | (Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH) |
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Iron-Platinum alloy' | - | (Pt,Fe) |
| ⓘ | 'Feldspar Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende' | - | AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Monazite Group' | - | REE(PO4) |
| ⓘ | 'Pyrobitumen var. Thucholite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Tourmaline' | - | AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | 'Serpentine Subgroup var. Bastite' | - | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| ⓘ | 'Leucoxene' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Iddingsite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Chromite-Magnesiochromite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Plagioclase' | - | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| ⓘ | 'K Feldspar' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Florencite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Garnet Group' | - | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | 'Serpentine Subgroup' | - | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| ⓘ | 'Pyrochlore Supergroup' | - | A2-mD2X6-wZ1-n |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| ⓘ | 'Olivine Group' | - | M2SiO4 |
| ⓘ | 'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup' | - | AnCa2(C2+5-mC3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2 |
| ⓘ | 'Pyrobitumen' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Unnamed (Ir-Os Sulphide II)' | - | (Ir,Os)3S2 |
| ⓘ | 'Pyrrhotite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Pyrrhotite-6C' | - | Fe11S12 |
| ⓘ | 'UM1976-02-As:IrPtRhRuS' | - | ~(Ru,Rh,Pt,Ir)2(As,S)3 |
| ⓘ | 'UM1976-18-S:RhRu' | - | (Rh,Ru)S |
| ⓘ | 'UM1976-19-S:Ru' | - | (Ru,Ir,Os,Rh,Pt)3(S,As)4 |
| ⓘ | 'UM1978-14-S:CuFePtRh' | - | (Rh,Cu,Pt,Fe)S2 |
| ⓘ | 'UM1978-15-S:IrOsPtRhRu' | - | (Ru,Ir,Rh,Os,Pt)3S2 |
| ⓘ | 'UM1978-17-S:IrOsPtRu' | - | (Pt,Os,Ru,Ir)2S3 |
| ⓘ | 'UM1978-20-S:PtRh' | - | (Rh,Pt,Fe,Ir)14.83S17.17 |
| ⓘ | 'UM1978-16-S:IrOsPtRu' | - | (Ir,Pt,Os,Ru)S2 |
| ⓘ | 'Myrmekite' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977) | (Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| H | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Cacoxenite | Fe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| H | ⓘ Chrysotile | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Chloritoid | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Churchite-(Y) | Y(PO4) · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| H | ⓘ Clinozoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| H | ⓘ Coffinite | U(SiO4) · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Conichalcite | CaCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| H | ⓘ Florencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| H | ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende | AnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Margarite | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Pyrophyllite | Al2Si4O10(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Rectorite | (Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Serpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| H | ⓘ Sudoite | Mg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| H | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| H | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Vauquelinite | Pb2Cu(CrO4)(PO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Bastite | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| B | Boron | |
| B | ⓘ Tourmaline | AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Bismutite | (BiO)2CO3 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Diamond | C |
| C | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Graphite | C |
| C | ⓘ Huntite | CaMg3(CO3)4 |
| C | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Siderite var. Mg-rich Siderite | (Fe,Mg)CO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup | AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| O | ⓘ Anatase | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Andalusite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| O | ⓘ Albite var. Andesine | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| O | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| O | ⓘ Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977) | (Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| O | ⓘ Bismutite | (BiO)2CO3 |
| O | ⓘ Brannerite | UTi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Brookite | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Cacoxenite | Fe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Cassiterite | SnO2 |
| O | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Chrysotile | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Chloritoid | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Churchite-(Y) | Y(PO4) · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Citrine | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| O | ⓘ Clinozoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| O | ⓘ Coesite | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Coffinite | U(SiO4) · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Conichalcite | CaCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Corundum | Al2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Crocoite | PbCr6+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| O | ⓘ Euxenite-(Y) | (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Florencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende | AnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| O | ⓘ Huntite | CaMg3(CO3)4 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| O | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| O | ⓘ Lanarkite | Pb2(SO4)O |
| O | ⓘ Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Margarite | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Monazite Group | REE(PO4) |
| O | ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| O | ⓘ Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Phoenicochroite | Pb2(CrO4)O |
| O | ⓘ Uraninite var. Pitchblende | UO2 |
| O | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Pyrophyllite | Al2Si4O10(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Rectorite | (Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Serpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| O | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Stishovite | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Sudoite | Mg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| O | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| O | ⓘ Tourmaline | AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| O | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Uraninite | UO2 |
| O | ⓘ Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Vauquelinite | Pb2Cu(CrO4)(PO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| O | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite | (Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2 |
| O | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Bastite | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| O | ⓘ Spinel var. Pleonaste | (Mg,Fe)Al2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite | (Th,U)SiO4 |
| O | ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series | |
| O | ⓘ Chromite-Magnesiochromite Series | |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| O | ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite | (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Siderite var. Mg-rich Siderite | (Fe,Mg)CO3 |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| O | ⓘ Olivine Group | M2SiO4 |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| F | ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| F | ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende | AnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Na | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Na | ⓘ Albite var. Andesine | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Na | ⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977) | (Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH) |
| Na | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Na | ⓘ Rectorite | (Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Chrysotile | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Mg | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Huntite | CaMg3(CO3)4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Sudoite | Mg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Mg | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite | (Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Bastite | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| Mg | ⓘ Spinel var. Pleonaste | (Mg,Fe)Al2O4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Chromite-Magnesiochromite Series | |
| Mg | ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite | (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Siderite var. Mg-rich Siderite | (Fe,Mg)CO3 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Andalusite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Al | ⓘ Albite var. Andesine | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Al | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Cacoxenite | Fe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Chloritoid | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Al | ⓘ Clinozoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Corundum | Al2O3 |
| Al | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Al | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Florencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| Al | ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende | AnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Al | ⓘ Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Al | ⓘ Margarite | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Al | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Pyrophyllite | Al2Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Rectorite | (Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Sudoite | Mg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Al | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Bastite | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| Al | ⓘ Spinel var. Pleonaste | (Mg,Fe)Al2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Al | ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite | (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup | AnCa2(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Andalusite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Si | ⓘ Albite var. Andesine | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Si | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Chrysotile | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Chloritoid | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Citrine | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Si | ⓘ Clinozoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Coesite | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Coffinite | U(SiO4) · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende | AnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Si | ⓘ Margarite | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Si | ⓘ Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Pyrophyllite | Al2Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Rectorite | (Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Stishovite | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Sudoite | Mg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Si | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite | (Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2 |
| Si | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Bastite | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| Si | ⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite | (Th,U)SiO4 |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Si | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Olivine Group | M2SiO4 |
| Si | ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup | AnCa2(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Cacoxenite | Fe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| P | ⓘ Churchite-(Y) | Y(PO4) · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| P | ⓘ Florencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| P | ⓘ Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| P | ⓘ Monazite Group | REE(PO4) |
| P | ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| P | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| P | ⓘ Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| P | ⓘ Vauquelinite | Pb2Cu(CrO4)(PO4)(OH) |
| P | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Alabandite | MnS |
| S | ⓘ Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
| S | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| S | ⓘ Braggite | PdPt3S4 |
| S | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| S | ⓘ Cobaltite | CoAsS |
| S | ⓘ Cooperite | PtS |
| S | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| S | ⓘ Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| S | ⓘ Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| S | ⓘ Erlichmanite | OsS2 |
| S | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| S | ⓘ Gersdorffite | NiAsS |
| S | ⓘ Glaucodot | (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS |
| S | ⓘ Hollingworthite | (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS |
| S | ⓘ Irarsite | (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS |
| S | ⓘ Lanarkite | Pb2(SO4)O |
| S | ⓘ Laurite | RuS2 |
| S | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| S | ⓘ Linnaeite | Co2+Co23+S4 |
| S | ⓘ Mackinawite | FeS |
| S | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Millerite | NiS |
| S | ⓘ Molybdenite | MoS2 |
| S | ⓘ Osarsite | (Os,Ru)AsS |
| S | ⓘ Pentlandite | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| S | ⓘ Proustite | Ag3AsS3 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| S | ⓘ Serpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | ⓘ Stibnite | Sb2S3 |
| S | ⓘ Stromeyerite | AgCuS |
| S | ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S |
| S | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| S | ⓘ Troilite | FeS |
| S | ⓘ Tučekite | Ni9Sb2S8 |
| S | ⓘ Unnamed (Ir-Os Sulphide II) | (Ir,Os)3S2 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrrhotite-6C | Fe11S12 |
| S | ⓘ UM1976-02-As:IrPtRhRuS | ~(Ru,Rh,Pt,Ir)2(As,S)3 |
| S | ⓘ UM1976-18-S:RhRu | (Rh,Ru)S |
| S | ⓘ UM1976-19-S:Ru | (Ru,Ir,Os,Rh,Pt)3(S,As)4 |
| S | ⓘ UM1978-14-S:CuFePtRh | (Rh,Cu,Pt,Fe)S2 |
| S | ⓘ UM1978-15-S:IrOsPtRhRu | (Ru,Ir,Rh,Os,Pt)3S2 |
| S | ⓘ UM1978-17-S:IrOsPtRu | (Pt,Os,Ru,Ir)2S3 |
| S | ⓘ UM1978-20-S:PtRh | (Rh,Pt,Fe,Ir)14.83S17.17 |
| S | ⓘ UM1978-16-S:IrOsPtRu | (Ir,Pt,Os,Ru)S2 |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende | AnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| Cl | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| K | ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Albite var. Andesine | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Ca | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Ca | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977) | (Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Clinozoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Conichalcite | CaCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Euxenite-(Y) | (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende | AnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Huntite | CaMg3(CO3)4 |
| Ca | ⓘ Margarite | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Ca | ⓘ Rectorite | (Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Serpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Ca | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup | AnCa2(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2 |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Anatase | TiO2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977) | (Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH) |
| Ti | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Brannerite | UTi2O6 |
| Ti | ⓘ Brookite | TiO2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Euxenite-(Y) | (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 |
| Ti | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Ti | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Ti | ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| V | Vanadium | |
| V | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| V | ⓘ Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| Cr | Chromium | |
| Cr | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Cr | ⓘ Crocoite | PbCr6+O4 |
| Cr | ⓘ Phoenicochroite | Pb2(CrO4)O |
| Cr | ⓘ Vauquelinite | Pb2Cu(CrO4)(PO4)(OH) |
| Cr | ⓘ Chromite-Magnesiochromite Series | |
| Cr | ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite | (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4 |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Alabandite | MnS |
| Mn | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Bastite | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| Mn | ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series | |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| Fe | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Cacoxenite | Fe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chloritoid | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Iron-Platinum alloy | (Pt,Fe) |
| Fe | ⓘ Glaucodot | (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Isoferroplatinum | Pt3Fe |
| Fe | ⓘ Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Löllingite | FeAs2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Mackinawite | FeS |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pentlandite | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Fe | ⓘ Safflorite | (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Troilite | FeS |
| Fe | ⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite | (Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Bastite | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| Fe | ⓘ Spinel var. Pleonaste | (Mg,Fe)Al2O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series | |
| Fe | ⓘ Chromite-Magnesiochromite Series | |
| Fe | ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite | (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Siderite var. Mg-rich Siderite | (Fe,Mg)CO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrrhotite-6C | Fe11S12 |
| Fe | ⓘ UM1978-14-S:CuFePtRh | (Rh,Cu,Pt,Fe)S2 |
| Fe | ⓘ UM1978-20-S:PtRh | (Rh,Pt,Fe,Ir)14.83S17.17 |
| Co | Cobalt | |
| Co | ⓘ Cobaltite | CoAsS |
| Co | ⓘ Glaucodot | (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS |
| Co | ⓘ Linnaeite | Co2+Co23+S4 |
| Co | ⓘ Modderite | CoAs |
| Co | ⓘ Safflorite | (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 |
| Co | ⓘ Skutterudite | CoAs3 |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | ⓘ Gersdorffite | NiAsS |
| Ni | ⓘ Millerite | NiS |
| Ni | ⓘ Nickeline | NiAs |
| Ni | ⓘ Pentlandite | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
| Ni | ⓘ Ruthenarsenite | (Ru,Ni)As |
| Ni | ⓘ Safflorite | (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 |
| Ni | ⓘ Tučekite | Ni9Sb2S8 |
| Ni | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Bastite | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| Cu | ⓘ Conichalcite | CaCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| Cu | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| Cu | ⓘ Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| Cu | ⓘ Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| Cu | ⓘ Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| Cu | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Serpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Stromeyerite | AgCuS |
| Cu | ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S |
| Cu | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| Cu | ⓘ Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Vauquelinite | Pb2Cu(CrO4)(PO4)(OH) |
| Cu | ⓘ UM1978-14-S:CuFePtRh | (Rh,Cu,Pt,Fe)S2 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| Zn | ⓘ Serpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Zn | ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Bastite | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn |
| As | Arsenic | |
| As | ⓘ Arsenopalladinite | Pd8(As,Sb)3 |
| As | ⓘ Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| As | ⓘ Cobaltite | CoAsS |
| As | ⓘ Conichalcite | CaCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| As | ⓘ Gersdorffite | NiAsS |
| As | ⓘ Glaucodot | (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS |
| As | ⓘ Hollingworthite | (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS |
| As | ⓘ Irarsite | (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS |
| As | ⓘ Iridarsenite | (Ir,Ru)As2 |
| As | ⓘ Löllingite | FeAs2 |
| As | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| As | ⓘ Modderite | CoAs |
| As | ⓘ Nickeline | NiAs |
| As | ⓘ Osarsite | (Os,Ru)AsS |
| As | ⓘ Proustite | Ag3AsS3 |
| As | ⓘ Ruthenarsenite | (Ru,Ni)As |
| As | ⓘ Safflorite | (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 |
| As | ⓘ Skutterudite | CoAs3 |
| As | ⓘ Sperrylite | PtAs2 |
| As | ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S |
| As | ⓘ UM1976-02-As:IrPtRhRuS | ~(Ru,Rh,Pt,Ir)2(As,S)3 |
| As | ⓘ UM1976-19-S:Ru | (Ru,Ir,Os,Rh,Pt)3(S,As)4 |
| Y | Yttrium | |
| Y | ⓘ Churchite-(Y) | Y(PO4) · 2H2O |
| Y | ⓘ Euxenite-(Y) | (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 |
| Y | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Nb | Niobium | |
| Nb | ⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977) | (Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH) |
| Nb | ⓘ Euxenite-(Y) | (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 |
| Nb | ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series | |
| Mo | Molybdenum | |
| Mo | ⓘ Molybdenite | MoS2 |
| Ru | Ruthenium | |
| Ru | ⓘ Irarsite | (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS |
| Ru | ⓘ Iridarsenite | (Ir,Ru)As2 |
| Ru | ⓘ Native Iridium | (Ir,Os,Ru) |
| Ru | ⓘ Laurite | RuS2 |
| Ru | ⓘ Osarsite | (Os,Ru)AsS |
| Ru | ⓘ Native Osmium | (Os,Ir,Ru) |
| Ru | ⓘ Ruthenarsenite | (Ru,Ni)As |
| Ru | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Ruthenosmiridium | (Ir,Os,Ru) |
| Ru | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Osmiridium | (Ir,Os,Ru) |
| Ru | ⓘ UM1976-02-As:IrPtRhRuS | ~(Ru,Rh,Pt,Ir)2(As,S)3 |
| Ru | ⓘ UM1976-18-S:RhRu | (Rh,Ru)S |
| Ru | ⓘ UM1976-19-S:Ru | (Ru,Ir,Os,Rh,Pt)3(S,As)4 |
| Ru | ⓘ UM1978-15-S:IrOsPtRhRu | (Ru,Ir,Rh,Os,Pt)3S2 |
| Ru | ⓘ UM1978-17-S:IrOsPtRu | (Pt,Os,Ru,Ir)2S3 |
| Ru | ⓘ UM1978-16-S:IrOsPtRu | (Ir,Pt,Os,Ru)S2 |
| Ru | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Ruthenium-bearing Iridium | (IrxRuyOsz) |
| Rh | Rhodium | |
| Rh | ⓘ Hollingworthite | (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS |
| Rh | ⓘ Irarsite | (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS |
| Rh | ⓘ UM1976-02-As:IrPtRhRuS | ~(Ru,Rh,Pt,Ir)2(As,S)3 |
| Rh | ⓘ UM1976-18-S:RhRu | (Rh,Ru)S |
| Rh | ⓘ UM1976-19-S:Ru | (Ru,Ir,Os,Rh,Pt)3(S,As)4 |
| Rh | ⓘ UM1978-14-S:CuFePtRh | (Rh,Cu,Pt,Fe)S2 |
| Rh | ⓘ UM1978-15-S:IrOsPtRhRu | (Ru,Ir,Rh,Os,Pt)3S2 |
| Rh | ⓘ UM1978-20-S:PtRh | (Rh,Pt,Fe,Ir)14.83S17.17 |
| Pd | Palladium | |
| Pd | ⓘ Arsenopalladinite | Pd8(As,Sb)3 |
| Pd | ⓘ Braggite | PdPt3S4 |
| Pd | ⓘ Hollingworthite | (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS |
| Pd | ⓘ Kotulskite | Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4) |
| Pd | ⓘ Merenskyite | PdTe2 |
| Pd | ⓘ Michenerite | PdBiTe |
| Pd | ⓘ Stibiopalladinite | Pd5Sb2 |
| Pd | ⓘ Sudburyite | PdSb |
| Ag | Silver | |
| Ag | ⓘ Dyscrasite | Ag3Sb |
| Ag | ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum | (Au,Ag) |
| Ag | ⓘ Proustite | Ag3AsS3 |
| Ag | ⓘ Native Silver | Ag |
| Ag | ⓘ Stromeyerite | AgCuS |
| Sn | Tin | |
| Sn | ⓘ Cassiterite | SnO2 |
| Sb | Antimony | |
| Sb | ⓘ Arsenopalladinite | Pd8(As,Sb)3 |
| Sb | ⓘ Dyscrasite | Ag3Sb |
| Sb | ⓘ Geversite | PtSb2 |
| Sb | ⓘ Stibiopalladinite | Pd5Sb2 |
| Sb | ⓘ Stibnite | Sb2S3 |
| Sb | ⓘ Sudburyite | PdSb |
| Sb | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| Sb | ⓘ Tučekite | Ni9Sb2S8 |
| Te | Tellurium | |
| Te | ⓘ Calaverite | AuTe2 |
| Te | ⓘ Kotulskite | Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4) |
| Te | ⓘ Merenskyite | PdTe2 |
| Te | ⓘ Michenerite | PdBiTe |
| Te | ⓘ Moncheite | Pt(Te,Bi)2 |
| Te | ⓘ Native Tellurium | Te |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Ce | Cerium | |
| Ce | ⓘ Euxenite-(Y) | (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 |
| Ce | ⓘ Florencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| Ce | ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| Ta | Tantalum | |
| Ta | ⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977) | (Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH) |
| Ta | ⓘ Euxenite-(Y) | (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 |
| Os | Osmium | |
| Os | ⓘ Erlichmanite | OsS2 |
| Os | ⓘ Native Iridium | (Ir,Os,Ru) |
| Os | ⓘ Osarsite | (Os,Ru)AsS |
| Os | ⓘ Native Osmium | (Os,Ir,Ru) |
| Os | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Ruthenosmiridium | (Ir,Os,Ru) |
| Os | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Osmiridium | (Ir,Os,Ru) |
| Os | ⓘ Native Osmium var. Iridosmine | (Os,Ir) |
| Os | ⓘ Unnamed (Ir-Os Sulphide II) | (Ir,Os)3S2 |
| Os | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Platosmiridium | (Ir,Pt,Os) |
| Os | ⓘ UM1976-19-S:Ru | (Ru,Ir,Os,Rh,Pt)3(S,As)4 |
| Os | ⓘ UM1978-15-S:IrOsPtRhRu | (Ru,Ir,Rh,Os,Pt)3S2 |
| Os | ⓘ UM1978-17-S:IrOsPtRu | (Pt,Os,Ru,Ir)2S3 |
| Os | ⓘ UM1978-16-S:IrOsPtRu | (Ir,Pt,Os,Ru)S2 |
| Os | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Ruthenium-bearing Iridium | (IrxRuyOsz) |
| Ir | Iridium | |
| Ir | ⓘ Irarsite | (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS |
| Ir | ⓘ Iridarsenite | (Ir,Ru)As2 |
| Ir | ⓘ Native Iridium | (Ir,Os,Ru) |
| Ir | ⓘ Native Osmium | (Os,Ir,Ru) |
| Ir | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Ruthenosmiridium | (Ir,Os,Ru) |
| Ir | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Osmiridium | (Ir,Os,Ru) |
| Ir | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Platiniridium | (Ir,Pt) |
| Ir | ⓘ Native Osmium var. Iridosmine | (Os,Ir) |
| Ir | ⓘ Unnamed (Ir-Os Sulphide II) | (Ir,Os)3S2 |
| Ir | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Platosmiridium | (Ir,Pt,Os) |
| Ir | ⓘ UM1976-02-As:IrPtRhRuS | ~(Ru,Rh,Pt,Ir)2(As,S)3 |
| Ir | ⓘ UM1976-19-S:Ru | (Ru,Ir,Os,Rh,Pt)3(S,As)4 |
| Ir | ⓘ UM1978-15-S:IrOsPtRhRu | (Ru,Ir,Rh,Os,Pt)3S2 |
| Ir | ⓘ UM1978-17-S:IrOsPtRu | (Pt,Os,Ru,Ir)2S3 |
| Ir | ⓘ UM1978-20-S:PtRh | (Rh,Pt,Fe,Ir)14.83S17.17 |
| Ir | ⓘ UM1978-16-S:IrOsPtRu | (Ir,Pt,Os,Ru)S2 |
| Ir | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Ruthenium-bearing Iridium | (IrxRuyOsz) |
| Pt | Platinum | |
| Pt | ⓘ Braggite | PdPt3S4 |
| Pt | ⓘ Cooperite | PtS |
| Pt | ⓘ Iron-Platinum alloy | (Pt,Fe) |
| Pt | ⓘ Geversite | PtSb2 |
| Pt | ⓘ Hollingworthite | (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS |
| Pt | ⓘ Irarsite | (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS |
| Pt | ⓘ Isoferroplatinum | Pt3Fe |
| Pt | ⓘ Moncheite | Pt(Te,Bi)2 |
| Pt | ⓘ Sperrylite | PtAs2 |
| Pt | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Platiniridium | (Ir,Pt) |
| Pt | ⓘ Native Iridium var. Platosmiridium | (Ir,Pt,Os) |
| Pt | ⓘ UM1976-02-As:IrPtRhRuS | ~(Ru,Rh,Pt,Ir)2(As,S)3 |
| Pt | ⓘ UM1976-19-S:Ru | (Ru,Ir,Os,Rh,Pt)3(S,As)4 |
| Pt | ⓘ UM1978-14-S:CuFePtRh | (Rh,Cu,Pt,Fe)S2 |
| Pt | ⓘ UM1978-15-S:IrOsPtRhRu | (Ru,Ir,Rh,Os,Pt)3S2 |
| Pt | ⓘ UM1978-17-S:IrOsPtRu | (Pt,Os,Ru,Ir)2S3 |
| Pt | ⓘ UM1978-20-S:PtRh | (Rh,Pt,Fe,Ir)14.83S17.17 |
| Pt | ⓘ UM1978-16-S:IrOsPtRu | (Ir,Pt,Os,Ru)S2 |
| Au | Gold | |
| Au | ⓘ Calaverite | AuTe2 |
| Au | ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum | (Au,Ag) |
| Au | ⓘ Native Gold | Au |
| Au | ⓘ Aurihydrargyrumite | Au6Hg5 |
| Hg | Mercury | |
| Hg | ⓘ Aurihydrargyrumite | Au6Hg5 |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| Pb | ⓘ Crocoite | PbCr6+O4 |
| Pb | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| Pb | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| Pb | ⓘ Lanarkite | Pb2(SO4)O |
| Pb | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Pb | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Pb | ⓘ Phoenicochroite | Pb2(CrO4)O |
| Pb | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Pb | ⓘ Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| Pb | ⓘ Vauquelinite | Pb2Cu(CrO4)(PO4)(OH) |
| Bi | Bismuth | |
| Bi | ⓘ Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
| Bi | ⓘ Bismutite | (BiO)2CO3 |
| Bi | ⓘ Kotulskite | Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4) |
| Bi | ⓘ Michenerite | PdBiTe |
| Bi | ⓘ Moncheite | Pt(Te,Bi)2 |
| Th | Thorium | |
| Th | ⓘ Euxenite-(Y) | (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 |
| Th | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| Th | ⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite | (Th,U)SiO4 |
| U | Uranium | |
| U | ⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977) | (Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH) |
| U | ⓘ Brannerite | UTi2O6 |
| U | ⓘ Coffinite | U(SiO4) · nH2O |
| U | ⓘ Euxenite-(Y) | (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 |
| U | ⓘ Uraninite var. Pitchblende | UO2 |
| U | ⓘ Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| U | ⓘ Uraninite | UO2 |
| U | ⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite | (Th,U)SiO4 |
Fossils
There are 673 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.
| Occurrences | 673 |
|---|---|
| Youngest Fossil Listed | 0.01 Ma (Pleistocene) |
| Oldest Fossil Listed | 359 Ma (Late/Upper Devonian) |
| Stratigraphic Units | Click here to view 15 stratigraphic units. |
| Fossils from Region | Click here to show the list. |
| Fossil Localities | Click to show 15 fossil localities |
Other Databases
| Wikipedia: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witwatersrand |
|---|---|
| Wikidata ID: | Q587808 |
Localities in this Region
- Free State
- Fezile Dabi District Municipality
- Moqhaka Local Municipality
- Ngwathe Local Municipality
- Stukpan Complex
- Vereeniging - Sasolburg coalfields
- Vredefort impact structure
- Government Area Mine
- Lejweleputswa District Municipality
- Masilonyana Local Municipality
- Theunissen
- Joel Mine
- Theunissen kimberlite field
- Theunissen
- Matjhabeng Local Municipality
- Nala Local Municipality
- Masilonyana Local Municipality
- Orange Free State coalfield
- South Rand coalfields
- Fezile Dabi District Municipality
- Gauteng
- City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality
- ⭔Benoni
- ⭔Boksburg
- ⭔Brakpan
- East Rand Proprietary Mine (ERPM Mine)
- ⭔Germiston
- Geldenhuis Deep Gold Mine
- Geldenhuis Estate Gold Mine
- Glen Deep Gold Mine
- Glencairn Gold Mine
- Knight Central Gold Mine
- Knights Deep Gold Mine
- Knights Gold Mine
- May Consolidated Gold Mine
- New Primrose Gold Mine
- Rietfontein Consolidated Mine
- Rose Deep Gold Mine
- Simmer & Jack Gold Mine
- Simmer East Gold Mine
- South Rose Deep Gold Mine
- Stanhope Gold Mine
- Wit Deep Gold Mine
- Witwatersrand Gold Mine
- Jumpers-Cum-Treasury Gold Mine
- Jumpers Extension Gold Mine
- New Blue Sky Gold Mine
- Nigel
- ⭔Springs
- Stella intrusion
- City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality
- Gauteng
- City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality
- Stella intrusion
- City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality
- Argonaut Mine
- Doornkop gold mine
- Durban Roodeport Deep Gold Mine
- Durban Roodeport Gold Mine
- Johannesburg
- Bonanza Gold Mine
- City and Suburban Gold Mine
- City Deep Mine
- Consolidated Main Reef Mine
- Crown Deep Gold Mine
- Crown Reef Gold Mine
- Ferreira Deep Gold Mine
- Ferreira Gold Mine
- Ferriera gold mine
- George Goch Gold Mine
- Henry Nourse Gold Mine
- Jubilee Gold Mine
- Langlaagte Deep Gold Mine
- Meyer & Charlton Gold Mine
- New Heriot Gold Mine
- Northern suburbs
- Nourse Deep Gold Mine
- Pioneer Gold Mine
- Rand Leases Mine
- Robinson Central Deep Gold Mine
- Robinson Deep Gold Mine
- Robinson Gold Mine
- Salisbury Gold Mine
- South Nourse Gold Mine
- Village Deep Gold Mine
- Village Main Reef Gold Mine
- Wemmer Gold Mine
- Wolhuter Gold Mine
- Jumpers Deep Gold Mine
- Jumpers Gold Mine
- Kimberley Roodeport Gold Mine
- Princess Estate Gold Mine
- Roodepoort
- United Main Reef Gold Mine
- City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality
- Bronkhorstspruit
- Roodekrans
- Sedibeng District Municipality
- Lesedi Local Municipality
- West Rand District Municipality
- Far West Rand
- Merafong City Local Municipality
- Midas Deep Gold Mine
- Mogale City Local Municipality
- North Randfontein Gold Mine
- Porges Randfontein Gold Mine
- ⭔Rand West City Local Municipality
- Robinson Randfontein Gold Mine
- South Randfontein Gold Mine
- City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality
- Mpumalanga
- Gert Sibande District Municipality
- Dipaleseng Local Municipality
- Govan Mbeki Local Municipality
- Nkangala District Municipality
- Emalahleni Local Municipality
- Ogies
- Victor Khanye Local Municipality
- Delmas
- Argent
- Dwarsfontein Farm
- Transvaal Mine
- Dwarsfontein Farm
- Palmietkuil Mine
- Argent
- Delmas
- Emalahleni Local Municipality
- Gert Sibande District Municipality
- North West
- Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality
- City of Matlosana Local Municipality
- ⭔JB Marks Local Municipality
- Potchefstroom
- Ventersdorp
- Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality
Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect
AfricaContinent
African PlateTectonic Plate
- Kalahari Craton
- Kaapvaal CratonCraton
- Karoo basinBasin
Somali PlateTectonic Plate
South Africa
- Bushveld ComplexComplex
This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to
visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders
for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.
References
SCHIDLOWSKI, M. (1965) Probable Life-forms from the Precambrian of the Witwatersrand System (South Africa). Nature, 205 (4974). 895-896 doi:10.1038/205895a0
Hoefs, J., Schidlowski, M. (1967) Carbon Isotope Composition of Carbonaceous Matter from the Precambrian of the Witwatersrand System. Science, 155 (3766). 1096-1097 doi:10.1126/science.155.3766.1096
Saager, R., Mihalik, P. (1967) Two varieties of pyrite from the Basal Reef of the Witwatersrand system. Economic Geology, 62 (5) 719-731 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.62.5.719
Hoefs, J., Nielsen, H., Schidlowski, M. (1968) Sulfur isotope abundances in pyrite from the Witwatersrand conglomerates. Economic Geology, 63 (8) 975-977 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.63.8.975
Bowie, S. H. U. (1968) Two varieties of pyrite from the Basal Reef of the Witwatersrand system [discussion]. Economic Geology, 63 (1) 85-86 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.63.1.85
Bowie, S. H. U. (1968) Two varieties of pyrite from the Basal Reef of the Witwatersrand system [discussion]. Economic Geology, 63 (1) 85-86 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.63.1.85-a
Saager, R., Mihalik, P. (1968) Two varieties of pyrite from the Basal Reef of the Witwatersrand system [discussion]. Economic Geology, 63 (7) 847 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.63.7.847
Viljoen, R.P., Saager, R., Viljoen, M.J. (1970) Some thoughts on the origin and processes responsible for the concentration of gold in the early Precambrian of Southern-Africa. Mineralium Deposita, 5 (2). 164-180 doi:10.1007/bf00208060
Hallbauer, D.K., van Warmelo, K.T. (1974) Fossilized plants in thucholite from Precambrian rocks of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. Precambrian Research, 1 (3) 199-212 doi:10.1016/0301-9268(74)90010-2
Koppel, Viktor H., Saager, Rudolf (1974) Lead Isotope Evidence on the Detrital Origin of Witwatersrand Pyrites and its Bearing on the Provenance of the Witwatersrand Gold. Economic Geology, 69 (3) 318-331 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.69.3.318
Minter, W. E. L. (1976) Detrital gold, uranium, and pyrite concentrations related to sedimentology in the Precambrian Vaal Reef placer, Witwatersrand, South Africa. Economic Geology, 71 (1) 157-176 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.71.1.157
PHILLIPS, G.N. (1987) Metamorphism of the Witwatersrand gold fields: conditions during peak metamorphism. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 5 (3) 307-322 doi:10.1111/j.1525-1314.1987.tb00387.x
Phillips, G. Neil; Myers, Russell E.; Palmer, Judy A. (1987) Problems with the placer model for Witwatersrand gold. Geology, 15 (11). 1027-1030 doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1987)15<1027:pwtpmf>2.0.co;2
Minter, W. E. L., Feather, C. E., Glatthaar, C. W. (1988) Sedimentological and mineralogical aspects of the newly discovered Witwatersrand placer deposit that reflect Proterozoic weathering, Welkom gold field, South Africa. Economic Geology, 83 (3) 481-491 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.83.3.481
MacLean, Peter J., Fleet, Michael E. (1989) Detrital pyrite in the Witwatersrand gold fields of South Africa; evidence from truncated growth banding. Economic Geology, 84 (7) 2008-2011 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.84.7.2008
Sutton, S. J., Ritger, S. D., Maynard, J. B. (1990) Stratigraphic Control of Chemistry and Mineralogy in Metamorphosed Witwatersrand Quartzites. The Journal of Geology, 98 (3) 329-341 doi:10.1086/629408
Robb, L. J., Davis, D. W., Kamo, S. L. (1990) U-Pb Ages on Single Detrital Zircon Grains from the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa: Constraints on the Age of Sedimentation and on the Evolution of Granites Adjacent to the Basin. The Journal of Geology, 98 (3) 311-328 doi:10.1086/629407
Robb, Laurence J.; Meyer, F. Michael (1990) The nature of the Witwatersrand hinterland: conjectures on the source area problem. Economic Geology, 85 (3). 511-536 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.85.3.511
Reimer, Thomas O., Mossman, David J. (1990) The Witwatersrand controversy revisited. Economic Geology, 85 (2) 337-343 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.85.2.337
Els, B. G. (1991) Placer formation during progradational fluvial degradation; the late Archean Middelvlei gold placer, Witwatersrand, South Africa. Economic Geology, 86 (2) 261-277 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.86.2.261
Wahl, W. G. (1991) The Witwatersrand controversy revisited; discussion. Economic Geology, 86 (1) 208 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.86.1.208
Robb, L. J., Davis, D. W., Kamo, S. L., Meyer, F. M. (1992) Ages of altered granites adjoining the Witwatersrand Basin with implications for the origin of gold and uranium. Nature, 357 (6380). 677-680 doi:10.1038/357677a0
Minter, W. E. L., Goedhart, M., Knight, J., Frimmel, H. E. (1993) Morphology of Witwatersrand gold grains from the Basal Reef; evidence for their detrital origin. Economic Geology, 88 (2) 237-248 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.88.2.237
Phillips, Neil G.; Law, Jonathan D.M. (1994) Metamorphism of the Witwatersrand gold fields: A review. Ore Geology Reviews, 9 (1). 1-31 doi:10.1016/0169-1368(94)90017-5
Zhou, Taihe (1994) A case study of the postdepositional alteration of the Witwatersrand basal reef gold placer; discussion. Economic Geology, 89 (3) 674-676 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.89.3.674
Robb, Laurence J.; Meyer, F.Michael (1995) The Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa: Geological framework and mineralization processes. Ore Geology Reviews, 10 (2). doi:10.1016/0169-1368(95)00011-9
Frimmel, Hartwig (1997) Detrital origin of hydrothermal Witwatersrand gold—a review. Terra Nova, 9 (4). 192-197 doi:10.1046/j.1365-3121.1997.d01-23.x
Fleet, (1998) Detrital pyrite in Witwatersrand gold reefs: X-ray diffraction evidence and implications for atmospheric evolution. Terra Nova, 10 (6). 302-306 doi:10.1046/j.1365-3121.1998.00205.x
Barnicoat, , Yardley, , Henderson, , Fox, , Frimmel, (1998) Detrital origin of hydrothermal Witwatersrand gold - a review ( Frimmel, 1997)-Discussion and reply. Terra Nova, 10 (6). 347-350 doi:10.1046/j.1365-3121.1998.00214.x
Minter, W. E. L. (1999) Irrefutable detrital origin of Witwatersrand gold and evidence of eolian signatures. Economic Geology, 94 (5) 665-670 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.94.5.665
Kirk, Jason, Ruiz, Joaquin, Chesley, John, Titley, Spencer, Walshe, John (2001) A detrital model for the origin of gold and sulfides in the Witwatersrand basin based on Re-Os isotopes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 65 (13) 2149-2159 doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(01)00588-9
England, Gavin L., Rasmussen, Birger, Krapež, Bryan, Groves, David I. (2001) The Origin of Uraninite, Bitumen Nodules, and Carbon Seams in Witwatersrand Gold-Uranium-Pyrite Ore Deposits, Based on a Permo-Triassic Analogue. Economic Geology, 96 (8) 1907-1920 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.96.8.1907
Spangenberg, J.E., Frimmel, H.E. (2001) Basin-internal derivation of hydrocarbons in the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa: evidence from bulk and molecular δ13C data. Chemical Geology, 173 (4) 339-355 doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(00)00283-7
Kershaw, Dave, Cairncross, Bruce, Freese, Brenda, De Vries, Pierre (2003) Secondary Minerals from the Carletonville Gold Mines: Witwatersrand Goldfield, South Africa. Rocks & Minerals, 78 (6) 390-399 doi:10.1080/00357529.2003.9926753
Ruiz, J., Valencia, V.A., Chesley, J.T., Kirk, J., Gehrels, G., Frimmel, H. (2006) The source of gold for the witwatersrand from Re–Os and U–Pb detrital zircon geochronology. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70 (18). A543 doi:10.1016/j.gca.2006.06.1002
Safonov, Yu. G., Prokof’ev, V. Yu. (2006) Gold-bearing reefs of the Witwatersrand Basin: A model of synsedimentation hydrothermal formation. Geology of Ore Deposits, 48 (6) 415-447 doi:10.1134/s1075701506060018
Mossman, D.J., Minter, W.E.L., Dutkiewicz, A., Hallbauer, D.K., George, S.C., Hennigh, Q., Reimer, T.O., Horscroft, F.D. (2008) The indigenous origin of Witwatersrand “carbon”. Precambrian Research, 164 (3) 173-186 doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2008.04.008
Phillips, G Neil, Powell, R (2011) Origin of Witwatersrand gold: a metamorphic devolatilisation–hydrothermal replacement model. Applied Earth Science, 120 (3) 112-129 doi:10.1179/1743275812y.0000000005
Guy, B. M., Ono, S., Gutzmer, J., Lin, Y., Beukes, N. J. (2014) Sulfur sources of sedimentary “buckshot” pyrite in the Auriferous Conglomerates of the Mesoarchean Witwatersrand and Ventersdorp Supergroups, Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa. Mineralium Deposita, 49 (6) 751-775 doi:10.1007/s00126-014-0518-3
Fuchs, S., Schumann, D., Williams-Jones, A.E., Vali, H. (2015) The growth and concentration of uranium and titanium minerals in hydrocarbons of the Carbon Leader Reef, Witwatersrand Supergroup, South Africa. Chemical Geology, 393. 55-66 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.11.018
Heinrich, Christoph A. (2015) Witwatersrand gold deposits formed by volcanic rain, anoxic rivers and Archaean life. Nature Geoscience, 8 (3) 206-209 doi:10.1038/ngeo2344
Gaillard, Fabrice, Copard, Yoann (2015) Gold buried by oxygen. Nature Geoscience, 8 (3) 170-171 doi:10.1038/ngeo2347
Phillips, G. Neil; Powell, Roger (2015) Hydrothermal alteration in the Witwatersrand goldfields. Ore Geology Reviews, 65. 245-273 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2014.09.031
Tucker, Rodney F., Viljoen, Richard P., Viljoen, Morris J. (2016) A Review of the Witwatersrand Basin - The World’s Greatest Goldfield. Episodes, 39 (2) 104-133 doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2016/v39i2/95771
Smart, Katie A., Tappe, Sebastian, Stern, Richard A., Webb, Susan J., Ashwal, Lewis D. (2016) Early Archaean tectonics and mantle redox recorded in Witwatersrand diamonds. Nature Geoscience, 9 (3) 255-259 doi:10.1038/ngeo2628
Cairncross, Bruce (2021) The Witwatersrand Goldfield, South Africa. Rocks & Minerals, 96 (4) 296-351 doi:10.1080/00357529.2021.1901207
Quick NavTopCommoditiesMineral ListRock TypesFossilsOther DatabasesLocalities in RegionOther RegionsReferences
Witwatersrand goldfield, South Africa