Vote for your favorite mineral in #MinCup26! - Quartz vs. Asagiite
It's a classic vs a newbie as the most common named mineral in the crust Quartz is up against an exceedingly-rare sea foam-green mineral discovered just a few years ago Asagiite.
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Vhembe District Municipality, Limpopo, South Africai
Regional Level Types
Vhembe District MunicipalityMunicipality
LimpopoProvince
South AfricaCountry

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PhotosMapsSearchMineralogy
Area:
25,596 km2
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
Louis Trichardt86,854 (2013)
Thohoyandou44,046 (2012)
Mindat Locality ID:
257515
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:257515:8
GUID (UUID V4):
0
Other Languages:
Afrikaans:
Vhembe-distriksmunisipaliteit, Limpopo, Suid-Afrika
French:
Vhembe, Limpopo, Afrique du Sud
German:
Vhembe, Limpopo, Südafrika
Italian:
Municipalità distrettuale di Vhembe, provincia del Limpopo, Sudafrica
Northern Sotho:
Mmasepala Setereke tša Vhembe, Limpopo, Afrika Borwa
Russian:
Вембе, Лимпопо, ЮАР
Simplified Chinese:
穆希姆貝區自治市, 林波波省, 南非
Cebuano:
Vhembe District Municipality, Limpopo, Habagatang Aprika
Dutch:
Vhembe, Limpopo, Zuid-Afrika
Estonian:
Vhembe ringkond, Limpopo provints, Lõuna-Aafrika Vabariik
Indonesian:
Distrik Vhembe, Limpopo, Afrika Selatan
Japanese:
ベンベ郡, リンポポ州, 南アフリカ
Minnan / Hokkien-Taiwanese:
Vhembe Khu-he̍k Chū-tī-thé, Lâm-hui-kok
Novial:
Vembe, Limpopo Provinse, Sud Afrika
Polish:
Vhembe, Limpopo, Republika Południowej Afryki
Ukrainian:
Вхембе, Лімпопо, Південно-Африканська Республіка


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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

80 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded


Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Ajoite
Formula: (K,Na)Cu7AlSi9O24(OH)6 · 3H2O
Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Colour: Rust-red to mustard-brown to white
Description: Albite is common in the alteration zones of the orebodies particularly at this mine as Messina & Harper mines have a higher degree of prehnitization and zoistization. The Emery lode shows an outer zone of sericite followed inward by zones of albite, chlorite and epidote. The red colour in albite has been attributed to additions of ferrous ions to the structure after albite formed.
Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Analcime
Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Andalusite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
Description: Crystals to 10 cm
Annabergite
Formula: Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Anorthite
Formula: Ca(Al2Si2O8)
Anthophyllite
Formula: ◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3A
Colour: yellow to blue-green
Azurite
Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Beryl
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Description: Several deposits found in the area.
Beryl var. Heliodor
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
Brucite
Formula: Mg(OH)2
Colour: Green
Description: At Messina it occurs as massive green lumps (Cairncross et al 1995)
Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Calcite var. Iceland Spar
Formula: CaCO3
'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'
Formula: AnCa2(C2+5-mC3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende'
Formula: AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Chalcanthite
Formula: CuSO4 · 5H2O
Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
'Chlorite Group'
Chrysocolla
Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Clausthalite
Formula: PbSe
Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Clinozoisite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Description: Also present as an inclusion in quartz. Crystalline specimens to several mm have been recovered from the copper mines at Musina (Cairncross et al 1995)
Cordierite
Formula: Mg2Al4Si5O18
Description: In hand specimens it's grey-blue in colour but in areas where hydrothermal alteration has occurred it becomes distinctly greenish (Cairncross 1991)
Corundum
Formula: Al2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Habit: Hexagonal
Colour: Red
Description: Large amounts of corundum have been recovered.
Covellite
Formula: CuS
Description: Small under 1cm crystalline platelets have been found but more usually found as films and masses (Cairncross et al 1995)
Cuprite
Formula: Cu2O
Description: Bright red inclusions with native copper in quartz have been qualitatively identified by electron microprobe analysis.
Cuprorivaite
Formula: CaCuSi4O10
Descloizite
Formula: PbZn(VO4)(OH)
Diamond
Formula: C
Digenite
Formula: Cu9S5
Description: Found only as ex-solution lamellae in association with chalcocite and clausthalite (Cairncross 1991)
Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
'Feldspar Group'
Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Description: Found as 0.5cm blue crystals with corundum in plumasite rock.
'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
Gaspéite
Formula: NiCO3
Glaukosphaerite
Formula: (Cu,Ni)2(CO3)(OH)2
Goethite
Formula: Fe3+O(OH)
Colour: Reddish, golden
Description: Occasionally forms minute golden crystals included in quartz (Cairncross et al 1995)
Graphite
Formula: C
Grossular
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Description: Commonly known as Transvaal Jade.
Grossular var. Hibschite
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Description: Commonly known as Transvaal Jade.
Hellyerite
Formula: NiCO3 · 5.5H2O
Description: A light blue amorphous mineral found in the nickel deposit.
Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Hematite var. Specularite
Formula: Fe2O3
'Hornblende Root Name Group'
Formula: ◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
'Hypersthene'
Formula: (Mg,Fe)SiO3
Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Kornerupine
Formula: Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Kyanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
'Lepidolite'
Magnesio-hornblende
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Magnesite
Formula: MgCO3
Description: Vein of crystalline magnesite traced at 200 m long.
Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Description: Magnetite is one of the primary constituents of the country rock and is not usually associated with the ore zones.
Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Meionite
Formula: Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3
Description: Clusters of tabular crystals are known.
'Mica Group'
Millerite
Formula: NiS
Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
Description: Reference below mentions Söhnge (1946) states he was told of molybdenite in the K Lode at the Messina mine and in Laing (1973) states that "in the foyer of the mine offices a molybdenite sample is indicated as coming from the 19th level of the West Lode, Campbell mine."
'Monazite Group'
Formula: REE(PO4)
Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Muscovite var. Fuchsite
Formula: K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Colour: Bright green
Description: Occurs as micaceous crystals in all of the host rock meta-quartzites (Cairncross 1991)
Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Native Copper
Formula: Cu
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Native Gold
Formula: Au
Népouite
Formula: Ni3Si2O5(OH)4
Otwayite
Formula: Ni2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O
Papagoite
Formula: CaCu[H3AlSi2O9]
Description: Note: Colour alone is not indicative in identification between papagoite and shattuckite or in some cases ajoite (Debbie Woolf's conclusion after further discussions with author 25 years later).
Pennantite
Formula: Mn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Piemontite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Plancheite
Formula: Cu8(Si8O22)(OH)4 · H2O
'Plumasite'
Polydymite
Formula: Ni2+Ni3+2S4
Prehnite
Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Quartz var. Carnelian
Formula: SiO2
Description: Found in the area (Cairncross 1995)
Quartz var. Chalcedony
Formula: SiO2
Description: Found in the area (Cairncross 1995)
Quartz var. Rose Quartz
Formula: SiO2
'Quartzite var. Aventurine'
Riebeckite
Formula: ◻Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2
Sapphirine
Formula: Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Schorl
Formula: NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Shattuckite
Formula: Cu5(Si2O6)2(OH)2
Colour: Dark blue, royal blue, navy blue, when included in quartz
Description: Also present as an inclusion in quartz (Cairncross 1991). Note: Colour alone is not indicative in identification between shattuckite and papagoite or in some cases ajoite (Debbie Woolf's conclusion after further discussions with author 25 years later).
Sillimanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
Talc
Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
Tangeite
Formula: CaCu(VO4)(OH)
Tetradymite
Formula: Bi2Te2S
Titanite
Formula: CaTiO(SiO4)
'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Violarite
Formula: Fe2+Ni3+2S4
Zaratite
Formula: Ni3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
Zoisite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Description: Also present as an inclusion in quartz (Cairncross et al 1995)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
Native Copper1.AA.05Cu
Native Gold1.AA.05Au
Graphite1.CB.05aC
Diamond1.CB.10aC
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
Chalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
Digenite2.BA.10Cu9S5
Bornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
Covellite2.CA.05aCuS
Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
Pyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
Millerite2.CC.20NiS
Clausthalite2.CD.10PbSe
Polydymite2.DA.05Ni2+Ni3+2S4
Violarite2.DA.05Fe2+Ni3+2S4
Tetradymite2.DC.05Bi2Te2S
Molybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
Goethite4.00.Fe3+O(OH)
Cuprite4.AA.10Cu2O
Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Spinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
Corundum4.CB.05Al2O3
Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
var. Specularite4.CB.05Fe2O3
Quartz
var. Chalcedony
4.DA.05SiO2
4.DA.05SiO2
var. Rose Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
var. Carnelian4.DA.05SiO2
Brucite4.FE.05Mg(OH)2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
Gaspéite5.AB.05NiCO3
Magnesite5.AB.05MgCO3
Calcite
var. Iceland Spar
5.AB.05CaCO3
Azurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Glaukosphaerite5.BA.10(Cu,Ni)2(CO3)(OH)2
Malachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Hellyerite5.CA.20NiCO3 · 5.5H2O
Otwayite5.DA.15Ni2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O
Zaratite5.DA.15Ni3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
Anhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
Chalcanthite7.CB.20CuSO4 · 5H2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
Tangeite8.BH.35CaCu(VO4)(OH)
Descloizite8.BH.40PbZn(VO4)(OH)
Fluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
Annabergite8.CE.40Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
Andradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Almandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Grossular9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
var. Hibschite9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Sillimanite9.AF.05Al2(SiO4)O
Andalusite9.AF.10Al2(SiO4)O
Kyanite9.AF.15Al2(SiO4)O
Titanite9.AG.15CaTiO(SiO4)
Clinozoisite9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Epidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Piemontite9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Zoisite9.BG.10(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Kornerupine9.BJ.50Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Papagoite9.CE.05CaCu[H3AlSi2O9]
Beryl9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
var. Heliodor9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Cordierite9.CJ.10Mg2Al4Si5O18
Schorl9.CK.05NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Diopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
Shattuckite9.DB.40Cu5(Si2O6)2(OH)2
Anthophyllite9.DD.05◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Actinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Magnesio-hornblende9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Riebeckite9.DE.25◻Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2
Sapphirine9.DH.45Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Prehnite9.DP.20Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Plancheite9.DP.55Cu8(Si8O22)(OH)4 · H2O
Cuprorivaite9.EA.05CaCuSi4O10
Ajoite9.EA.70(K,Na)Cu7AlSi9O24(OH)6 · 3H2O
Talc9.EC.05Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
Muscovite
var. Fuchsite
9.EC.15K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
var. Sericite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Clinochlore9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Pennantite9.EC.55Mn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Kaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Népouite9.ED.15Ni3Si2O5(OH)4
Chrysocolla9.ED.20Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Albite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
Anorthite9.FA.35Ca(Al2Si2O8)
Meionite9.FB.15Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3
Analcime9.GB.05Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Unclassified
'Quartzite
var. Aventurine'
-
'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
'Chlorite Group'-
'Feldspar Group'-
'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup
var. Hornblende'
-AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
'Hypersthene'-(Mg,Fe)SiO3
'Lepidolite'-
'Monazite Group'-REE(PO4)
'Tourmaline'-AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
'Mica Group'-
'Hornblende Root Name Group'-◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3A
'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'-AnCa2(C2+5-mC3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
'Plumasite'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
H Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
H Ajoite(K,Na)Cu7AlSi9O24(OH)6 · 3H2O
H AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
H AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
H Anthophyllite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
H AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
H BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
H BruciteMg(OH)2
H ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
H ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
H ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
H Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
H DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
H Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
H Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
H Glaukosphaerite(Cu,Ni)2(CO3)(OH)2
H GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
H HellyeriteNiCO3 · 5.5H2O
H Grossular var. HibschiteCa3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
H Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
H KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
H KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
H Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
H MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
H MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H NépouiteNi3Si2O5(OH)4
H OtwayiteNi2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O
H PapagoiteCaCu[H3AlSi2O9]
H PennantiteMn52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
H Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
H PlancheiteCu8(Si8O22)(OH)4 · H2O
H PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
H Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
H SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
H ShattuckiteCu5(Si2O6)2(OH)2
H TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
H TangeiteCaCu(VO4)(OH)
H ZaratiteNi3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
H Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
H Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
BeBeryllium
Be BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Be Beryl var. HeliodorBe3Al2(Si6O18)
BBoron
B KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
B SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
B TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
CCarbon
C AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
C CalciteCaCO3
C DiamondC
C GaspéiteNiCO3
C Glaukosphaerite(Cu,Ni)2(CO3)(OH)2
C GraphiteC
C HellyeriteNiCO3 · 5.5H2O
C MagnesiteMgCO3
C MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
C MeioniteCa4Al6Si6O24CO3
C OtwayiteNi2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O
C ZaratiteNi3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
C Calcite var. Iceland SparCaCO3
OOxygen
O Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
O Ajoite(K,Na)Cu7AlSi9O24(OH)6 · 3H2O
O AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
O AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
O AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
O AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
O AnhydriteCaSO4
O AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
O AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
O Anthophyllite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
O AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
O AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
O BaryteBaSO4
O BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
O BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
O BruciteMg(OH)2
O CalciteCaCO3
O ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
O Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
O ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
O ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
O Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
O CorundumAl2O3
O CupriteCu2O
O CuprorivaiteCaCuSi4O10
O DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
O DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
O Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
O Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
O GaspéiteNiCO3
O Glaukosphaerite(Cu,Ni)2(CO3)(OH)2
O GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
O GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
O HellyeriteNiCO3 · 5.5H2O
O HematiteFe2O3
O Grossular var. HibschiteCa3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
O Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
O Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
O KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
O KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
O KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
O MagnesiteMgCO3
O Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
O MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
O MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
O MeioniteCa4Al6Si6O24CO3
O Monazite GroupREE(PO4)
O MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O NépouiteNi3Si2O5(OH)4
O OtwayiteNi2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O
O PapagoiteCaCu[H3AlSi2O9]
O PennantiteMn52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
O Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O PlancheiteCu8(Si8O22)(OH)4 · H2O
O PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
O QuartzSiO2
O Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
O Quartz var. Rose QuartzSiO2
O SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
O SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
O ShattuckiteCu5(Si2O6)2(OH)2
O SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
O SpinelMgAl2O4
O TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
O TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
O TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
O TangeiteCaCu(VO4)(OH)
O ZaratiteNi3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
O Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O Calcite var. Iceland SparCaCO3
O Hematite var. SpeculariteFe2O3
O Beryl var. HeliodorBe3Al2(Si6O18)
O Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
O Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
O Quartz var. CarnelianSiO2
O Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
O ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
FFluorine
F BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
F FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
F Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
NaSodium
Na Ajoite(K,Na)Cu7AlSi9O24(OH)6 · 3H2O
Na AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Na AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Na Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Na SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Na Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mg Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mg Anthophyllite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mg BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mg BruciteMg(OH)2
Mg ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mg CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Mg DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mg Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Mg KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Mg MagnesiteMgCO3
Mg Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Mg SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Mg SpinelMgAl2O4
Mg TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
AlAluminium
Al Ajoite(K,Na)Cu7AlSi9O24(OH)6 · 3H2O
Al AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Al AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Al AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Al AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Al AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Al BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Al BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Al ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Al ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Al Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Al CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Al CorundumAl2O3
Al Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Al Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Al GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Al Grossular var. HibschiteCa3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Al Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Al KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Al KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Al KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Al Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Al MeioniteCa4Al6Si6O24CO3
Al MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al PapagoiteCaCu[H3AlSi2O9]
Al PennantiteMn52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Al Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Al PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Al SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Al SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Al SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Al SpinelMgAl2O4
Al Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Al Beryl var. HeliodorBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Al Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Al Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Al Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
SiSilicon
Si Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Si Ajoite(K,Na)Cu7AlSi9O24(OH)6 · 3H2O
Si AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Si AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Si AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Si AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Si AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Si Anthophyllite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Si AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Si BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Si BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Si Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Si ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Si ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Si Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Si CuprorivaiteCaCuSi4O10
Si DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Si Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Si GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Si Grossular var. HibschiteCa3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Si Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Si Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Si KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Si KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Si Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Si MeioniteCa4Al6Si6O24CO3
Si MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si NépouiteNi3Si2O5(OH)4
Si PapagoiteCaCu[H3AlSi2O9]
Si PennantiteMn52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Si Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si PlancheiteCu8(Si8O22)(OH)4 · H2O
Si PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Si QuartzSiO2
Si Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Si Quartz var. Rose QuartzSiO2
Si SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Si SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Si ShattuckiteCu5(Si2O6)2(OH)2
Si SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Si TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Si TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Si Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si Beryl var. HeliodorBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Si Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Si Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Si Quartz var. CarnelianSiO2
Si Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Si Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
PPhosphorus
P FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
P Monazite GroupREE(PO4)
P ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
SSulfur
S AnhydriteCaSO4
S BaryteBaSO4
S BorniteCu5FeS4
S ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
S ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
S ChalcociteCu2S
S CovelliteCuS
S DigeniteCu9S5
S MilleriteNiS
S MolybdeniteMoS2
S PolydymiteNi2+Ni23+S4
S PyriteFeS2
S PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
S SphaleriteZnS
S TetradymiteBi2Te2S
S ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
ClChlorine
Cl Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
KPotassium
K Ajoite(K,Na)Cu7AlSi9O24(OH)6 · 3H2O
K BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
K Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
K MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Ca Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Ca AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Ca AnhydriteCaSO4
Ca AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Ca CalciteCaCO3
Ca Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ca CuprorivaiteCaCuSi4O10
Ca DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Ca Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ca FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Ca GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Ca Grossular var. HibschiteCa3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Ca Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Ca Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Ca MeioniteCa4Al6Si6O24CO3
Ca PapagoiteCaCu[H3AlSi2O9]
Ca Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ca PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Ca TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Ca TangeiteCaCu(VO4)(OH)
Ca Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ca Calcite var. Iceland SparCaCO3
Ca Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Ca Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Ca ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
Ca Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
TiTitanium
Ti BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Ti TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
VVanadium
V DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
V TangeiteCaCu(VO4)(OH)
CrChromium
Cr Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
MnManganese
Mn PennantiteMn52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mn Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
FeIron
Fe Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Fe AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Fe AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Fe BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fe BorniteCu5FeS4
Fe ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Fe Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Fe GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Fe HematiteFe2O3
Fe Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Fe MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Fe PyriteFeS2
Fe PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Fe Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Fe SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Fe ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Fe Hematite var. SpeculariteFe2O3
NiNickel
Ni AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Ni GaspéiteNiCO3
Ni Glaukosphaerite(Cu,Ni)2(CO3)(OH)2
Ni HellyeriteNiCO3 · 5.5H2O
Ni MilleriteNiS
Ni NépouiteNi3Si2O5(OH)4
Ni OtwayiteNi2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O
Ni PolydymiteNi2+Ni23+S4
Ni ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Ni ZaratiteNi3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
CuCopper
Cu Ajoite(K,Na)Cu7AlSi9O24(OH)6 · 3H2O
Cu AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cu BorniteCu5FeS4
Cu ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cu ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Cu ChalcociteCu2S
Cu ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Cu CovelliteCuS
Cu CupriteCu2O
Cu CuprorivaiteCaCuSi4O10
Cu Native CopperCu
Cu DigeniteCu9S5
Cu Glaukosphaerite(Cu,Ni)2(CO3)(OH)2
Cu MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cu PapagoiteCaCu[H3AlSi2O9]
Cu PlancheiteCu8(Si8O22)(OH)4 · H2O
Cu ShattuckiteCu5(Si2O6)2(OH)2
Cu TangeiteCaCu(VO4)(OH)
ZnZinc
Zn DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
Zn SphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
As AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
SeSelenium
Se ClausthalitePbSe
MoMolybdenum
Mo MolybdeniteMoS2
TeTellurium
Te TetradymiteBi2Te2S
BaBarium
Ba BaryteBaSO4
AuGold
Au Native GoldAu
PbLead
Pb ClausthalitePbSe
Pb DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
BiBismuth
Bi TetradymiteBi2Te2S

Fossils

There are 8 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences8
Youngest Fossil Listed191 Ma (Early Jurassic)
Oldest Fossil Listed260 Ma (Permian)
Stratigraphic Units
UnitNo. OccurrencesAge
Stormberg - Bushveld Sandstone1201.3 - 190.8 Ma (Early Jurassic)
Bosbokpoort4237 - 201.3 Ma (Mesozoic)
Beaufort3247.2 - 237 Ma (Triassic)
Fossils from RegionClick here to show the list.
Accepted NameHierarchy Age
Sauropodomorpha
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Sauropodomorpha237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Prosauropoda
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Prosauropoda201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Cryptocynodon simus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Cryptocynodon : Cryptocynodon simus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Aulacephalodon bainii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Geikiidae : Aulacephalodon : Aulacephalodon bainii259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Odontocyclops whaitsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Geikiidae : Odontocyclops : Odontocyclops whaitsi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Fossil LocalitiesClick to show 6 fossil localities

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vhembe_District_Municipality
Wikidata ID:Q2305610
GeoNames ID:8347374

Localities in this Region

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

AfricaContinent
African PlateTectonic Plate
Somali PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.
 
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