Koller F, Skoda R, Palfi A, Popp F, Jost B (2014) Paleogene phonolites of the Aris, Staalhart and Klinghardt groups, central and south Namibia, Africa. 21 st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association. p 194

ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'

Localities:

Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Roter Kamm Crater, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ 'Alkali pyroxene'

Localities:

Drachenberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Alunite

Formula: KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆

Localities:

Keishohe carbonatites, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kieshöhe carbonatite, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Formula: AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Andradite

Formula: Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃

Locality: Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Jour Pet 39:2123-2136.

ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite

Formula: Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃

Locality: Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Jour Pet 39:2123-2136.

Jackson, M.P.A. 1976. High-grade metamorphism and migmatization of the Namaqua metamorphic complex around Aus in the southern Namib Desert, South West Africa. Bulletin, University of Cape Town, Department of Geology, Chamber of Mines Precambrian Research Unit, 18.

Cooper, A. F. (1988). Geology of Dicker Willem, a subvolcanic carbonatite complex in South-West Africa.

Reid, D. L., Cooper, A. F., Rex, D. C., Harmer, R. E. (1990) Timing of post–Karoo alkaline volcanism in southern Namibia. Geological Magazine, 127 (5) 427-433 doi:10.1017/s001675680001517x

Woldegabriel, Giday, Aronson, James L., Walter, Robert C. (1990) Geology, geochronology, and rift basin development in the central sector of the Main Ethiopia Rift. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 102 (4) 439-458 doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1990)102<0439:ggarbd>2.3.co;2

Cooper, A. F., Reid, D. L. (1991) Textural evidence for calcite carbonatite magmas, Dicker Willem, southwest Namibia. Geology, 19 (12). 1193-1196 doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<1193:tefccm>2.3.co;2

Reid, David L., Cooper, Alan F. (1992) Oxygen and carbon isotope patterns in the Dicker Willem carbonatite complex, southern Namibia. Chemical Geology: Isotope Geoscience section, 94 (4). 293-305 doi:10.1016/0168-9622(92)90004-t

Cooper, A. F., Reid, D. L. (1998) Nepheline Sovites as Parental Magmas in Carbonatite Complexes: Evidence from Dicker Willem, Southwest Namibia. Journal of Petrology, 39 (11) 2123-2136 doi:10.1093/petroj/39.11-12.2123

ⓘ Ankerite

Formula: Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂

Localities:

Keishohe carbonatites, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kieshöhe carbonatite, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃A

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Arfvedsonite

Formula: NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

Localities:

Drachenberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Astrophyllite

Formula: K₂NaFe²⁺₇Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F

Locality: Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Verwoerd, W. J. (1967). The carbonatites of South Africa and South West Africa. Government Printer, South Africa., 6.

Marsh, J. S. (1975) The Luderitz alkaline province, South West Africa. II. Metasomatism and assimilation in the contact aureole of the Granitberg foyaite complex. Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa, 78. 225-233 doi:10.10520/EJC-1ac87e579d

Marsh, Julian Saville (1975) Aenigmatite stability in silica-undersaturated rocks. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 50 (2) 135-144 doi:10.1007/bf00373333

ⓘ Atacamite

Formula: Cu₂(OH)₃Cl

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

Localities:

Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Azurite

Formula: Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂

Localities:

Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kottbus Farm 4, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Baddeleyite

Formula: ZrO₂

Description: Small crystals come from a dolomite south of Luderitz.

References:

Cairncross, Bruce (2004) Field Guide to Rocks & Minerals of Southern Africa. 288pp.

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

Localities:

Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Keishohe carbonatites, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kieshöhe carbonatite, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ 'Bastnäsite'

Formula: (Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F

Localities:

Keishohe carbonatites, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kieshöhe carbonatite, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.

ⓘ Bornite

Formula: Cu₅FeS₄

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ Brochantite

Formula: Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

Localities:

Keishohe carbonatites, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kieshöhe carbonatite, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Cancrinite

Formula: (Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O

Localities:

Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Chalcocite

Formula: Cu₂S

Localities:

Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kottbus Farm 4, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ Chrysocolla

Formula: Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'

Locality: Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

ⓘ Clinozoisite

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Locality: Roter Kamm Crater, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Cavosie, Aaron J., Spencer, Christopher J., Evans, Noreen, Rankenburg, Kai, Thomas, Robert J., Macey, Paul H. (2022) Granular titanite from the Roter Kamm crater in Namibia: Product of regional metamorphism, not meteorite impact. Geoscience Frontiers, 13 (3) 101350pp. doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2022.101350

ⓘ Covellite

Formula: CuS

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Jean-Pierre specimens photo ID 1182191 1182192 1182534

ⓘ Cuprite

Formula: Cu₂O

Localities:

Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kottbus Farm 4, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ 'Desert Rose'

Locality: Lüderitz, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Cairncross, Bruce (2004) Field Guide to Rocks & Minerals of Southern Africa. 288pp.

ⓘ Diamond

Formula: C

Localities:

Bogenfels diamond mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Southern Coastal Mines (MA1; Mining Area 1), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Chameis Bay, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Elizabeth Bay Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

Locality: Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Kaiser, E. (Ed.). (1926). Die diamantenwüste Südwest-Afrikas: zugleich erläuterung zu einer geologischen spezialkarte der südlichen diamantfelder l: 25000 (Vol. 2). D. Reimer.

Kröner, A. (1973). Comments on “Is the African plate stationary?”. Nature, 243(5401), 29-30. doi.org/10.1038/243029a0

Lock, B. E., & Marsh, J. S. (1981). Tertiary phonolite volcanism in the Klinghardt mountains of South West Africa/Namibia. South African Journal of Geology, 84(1), 1-6.

Marsh, Julian S. (1987) Evolution of a strongly differentiated suite of phonolites from the Klinghardt Mountains, Namibia. Lithos, 20 (1) 41-58 doi:10.1016/0024-4937(87)90023-5

ⓘ Dioptase

Formula: CuSiO₃ · H₂O

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Jean-Pierre specimens photo ID 1182191 1182192 1182534

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite

Formula: Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂

Locality: Chamais Plug, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Verwoerd, W. J. (1967). The carbonatites of South Africa and South West Africa. Government Printer, South Africa., 6.

Mathias, M. (1974). Alkaline rocks of southern Africa. The alkaline rocks, 189-202.

ⓘ Edenite

Formula: NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂

Locality: Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Marsh, J. S. (1976). The Lüderitz alkaline province, South West Africa, III: The Pomona and Drachenberg Syenite Complexes. South African Journal of Geology, 79(2), 168-176. https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10120750_2853

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Localities:

Aus, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Roter Kamm Crater, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Eudialyte

Formula: Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂

Localities:

Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ 'Eudialyte Group'

Formula: [N(1)N(2)N(3)N(4)N(5)]₃[M(1.1)M(1.2)]₃[M(2.1)M(2.2)M(2.3)]_3-6[M(3)M(4)]Z₃[Si₂₄O₇₂]Θ₄X(1)X(2)

Locality: Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Verwoerd, W. J. (1967). The carbonatites of South Africa and South West Africa. Government Printer, South Africa., 6.

Marsh, Julian Saville (1975) Aenigmatite stability in silica-undersaturated rocks. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 50 (2) 135-144 doi:10.1007/bf00373333

ⓘ 'Eudialyte Group var. Eucolite'

Formula: [N(1)N(2)N(3)N(4)N(5)]₃[M(1.1)M(1.2)]₃[M(2.1)M(2.2)M(2.3)]_3-6[M(3)M(4)]Z₃[Si₂₄O₇₂]Θ₄X(1)X(2)

Locality: Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Verwoerd, W. J. (1967). The carbonatites of South Africa and South West Africa. Government Printer, South Africa., 6.

Marsh, Julian Saville (1975) Aenigmatite stability in silica-undersaturated rocks. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 50 (2) 135-144 doi:10.1007/bf00373333

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

Locality: Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Kaiser, E. (Ed.). (1926). Die diamantenwüste Südwest-Afrikas: zugleich erläuterung zu einer geologischen spezialkarte der südlichen diamantfelder l: 25000 (Vol. 2). D. Reimer.

Kröner, A. (1973). Comments on “Is the African plate stationary?”. Nature, 243(5401), 29-30. doi.org/10.1038/243029a0

Lock, B. E., & Marsh, J. S. (1981). Tertiary phonolite volcanism in the Klinghardt mountains of South West Africa/Namibia. South African Journal of Geology, 84(1), 1-6.

Marsh, Julian S. (1987) Evolution of a strongly differentiated suite of phonolites from the Klinghardt Mountains, Namibia. Lithos, 20 (1) 41-58 doi:10.1016/0024-4937(87)90023-5

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'

Localities:

Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Chamais Plug, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Ferro-richterite

Formula: Na(CaNa)Fe²⁺₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

Locality: Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF₂

Localities:

Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Goethite

Formula: Fe³⁺O(OH)

Localities:

Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kieshöhe carbonatite, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Hastingsite

Formula: NaCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂

Locality: Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ Kaersutite

Formula: NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂

Locality: Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Kaiser, E. (Ed.). (1926). Die diamantenwüste Südwest-Afrikas: zugleich erläuterung zu einer geologischen spezialkarte der südlichen diamantfelder l: 25000 (Vol. 2). D. Reimer.

Kröner, A. (1973). Comments on “Is the African plate stationary?”. Nature, 243(5401), 29-30. doi.org/10.1038/243029a0

Lock, B. E., & Marsh, J. S. (1981). Tertiary phonolite volcanism in the Klinghardt mountains of South West Africa/Namibia. South African Journal of Geology, 84(1), 1-6.

Marsh, Julian S. (1987) Evolution of a strongly differentiated suite of phonolites from the Klinghardt Mountains, Namibia. Lithos, 20 (1) 41-58 doi:10.1016/0024-4937(87)90023-5

ⓘ 'K Feldspar'

Localities:

Aus, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Keishohe carbonatites, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kieshöhe carbonatite, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Kyanite

Formula: Al₂(SiO₄)O

Locality: Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ Låvenite

Formula: Na₂Ca₂Mn₂Zr₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₂F₂

Locality: Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Verwoerd, W. J. (1967). The carbonatites of South Africa and South West Africa. Government Printer, South Africa., 6.

Marsh, Julian Saville (1975) Aenigmatite stability in silica-undersaturated rocks. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 50 (2) 135-144 doi:10.1007/bf00373333

ⓘ Lechatelierite

Formula: SiO₂

Locality: Roter Kamm Crater, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Meteoritics & Planetary Science 43, Nr 7, 1201–1218 (2008)

ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende (TL)

Formula: ◻Ca₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂

Type Locality:

References:

Hålenius, U., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2017) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2017, CNMNC Newsletter No 39. Mineralogical Magazine, 81 (5) 1279-1286 doi:10.1180/minmag.2017.081.072

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺(Fe³⁺,Ti)₂O₄

Localities:

Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Roter Kamm Crater, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Malachite

Formula: Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂

Localities:

Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kottbus Farm 4, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ 'Manganese Oxides'

Localities:

Keishohe carbonatites, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kieshöhe carbonatite, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ 'Melilite Group'

Formula: Ca₂M(XSiO₇)

Localities:

Chalcedon Tafelberg Occurrence, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ 'Mica Group'

Locality: Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Cooper, A. F. (1988). Geology of Dicker Willem, a subvolcanic carbonatite complex in South-West Africa.

Reid, D. L., Cooper, A. F., Rex, D. C., Harmer, R. E. (1990) Timing of post–Karoo alkaline volcanism in southern Namibia. Geological Magazine, 127 (5) 427-433 doi:10.1017/s001675680001517x

ⓘ Microcline

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

Locality: Chamais Plug, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Verwoerd, W. J. (1967). The carbonatites of South Africa and South West Africa. Government Printer, South Africa., 6.

Mathias, M. (1974). Alkaline rocks of southern Africa. The alkaline rocks, 189-202.

ⓘ 'Microlite Group'

Formula: A_2-mTa₂X_6-wZ_1-n

Locality: Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Cooper, A. F. (1988). Geology of Dicker Willem, a subvolcanic carbonatite complex in South-West Africa.

Reid, D. L., Cooper, A. F., Rex, D. C., Harmer, R. E. (1990) Timing of post–Karoo alkaline volcanism in southern Namibia. Geological Magazine, 127 (5) 427-433 doi:10.1017/s001675680001517x

ⓘ 'Monazite Group'

Formula: REE(PO₄)

Localities:

Keishohe carbonatites, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kieshöhe carbonatite, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Native Copper

Formula: Cu

Locality: Kottbus Farm 4, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ Native Gold

Formula: Au

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ Natrolite

Formula: Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O

Locality: Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

ⓘ Nepheline

Formula: Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)

Localities:

Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Papagoite

Formula: CaCu[H₃AlSi₂O₉]

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ Pargasite

Formula: NaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂

Locality: Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Kaiser, E. (Ed.). (1926). Die diamantenwüste Südwest-Afrikas: zugleich erläuterung zu einer geologischen spezialkarte der südlichen diamantfelder l: 25000 (Vol. 2). D. Reimer.

Kröner, A. (1973). Comments on “Is the African plate stationary?”. Nature, 243(5401), 29-30. doi.org/10.1038/243029a0

Lock, B. E., & Marsh, J. S. (1981). Tertiary phonolite volcanism in the Klinghardt mountains of South West Africa/Namibia. South African Journal of Geology, 84(1), 1-6.

Marsh, Julian S. (1987) Evolution of a strongly differentiated suite of phonolites from the Klinghardt Mountains, Namibia. Lithos, 20 (1) 41-58 doi:10.1016/0024-4937(87)90023-5

ⓘ Perovskite

Formula: CaTiO₃

Locality: Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Verwoerd, W. J. (1967). The carbonatites of South Africa and South West Africa. Government Printer, South Africa., 6.

Marsh, Julian Saville (1975) Aenigmatite stability in silica-undersaturated rocks. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 50 (2) 135-144 doi:10.1007/bf00373333

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

Localities:

Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Roter Kamm Crater, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Pseudomalachite

Formula: Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Robert Pecorini collection, EDX analysis G. Favreau

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

Localities:

Kottbus Farm 4, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Chamais Plug, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'

Formula: A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z

Localities:

Kieshöhe carbonatite, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Keishohe carbonatites, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi₂O₆

Localities:

Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Kieshöhe carbonatite, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Keishohe carbonatites, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.

ⓘ Quartz var. Agate

Formula: SiO₂

Locality: Agate Beach, Lüderitz, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ 'Rosenbuschite Group'

Locality: Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

Locality: Chamais Plug, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Verwoerd, W. J. (1967). The carbonatites of South Africa and South West Africa. Government Printer, South Africa., 6.

Mathias, M. (1974). Alkaline rocks of southern Africa. The alkaline rocks, 189-202.

ⓘ Sanidine

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

Localities:

Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Sodalite

Formula: Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl

Localities:

ⓘ 'Sodic amphibole'

Localities:

Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Stercorite (TL)

Formula: (NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O

Type Locality:

References:

Palache, Charles; Berman, Harry; Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons.

Anthony, John Williams, Bideaux, Richard A., Bladh, Kenneth W., Nichols, Monte C. (2000) Handbook of Mineralogy Vol. 4 - Arsenates, phosphates, vanadates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, Arizona.

ⓘ Struvite

Formula: (NH₄)Mg(PO₄) · 6H₂O

Locality: Ichaboe Island, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

ⓘ 'Synchysite'

Formula: Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)₂F

Localities:

Kieshöhe carbonatite, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Keishohe carbonatites, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Tainiolite

Formula: KLiMg₂(Si₄O₁₀)F₂

Locality: Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Jour Pet 39:2123-2136.

ⓘ Tenorite

Formula: CuO

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite

Formula: KMg₃(Si₃Fe³⁺)O₁₀(OH)₂

Locality: Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Cooper, A. F. (1988). Geology of Dicker Willem, a subvolcanic carbonatite complex in South-West Africa.

Reid, D. L., Cooper, A. F., Rex, D. C., Harmer, R. E. (1990) Timing of post–Karoo alkaline volcanism in southern Namibia. Geological Magazine, 127 (5) 427-433 doi:10.1017/s001675680001517x

ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S

Locality: Kottbus Farm 4, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

von Bezing, Ludi (2007) Namibia - Minerals and Localities (1st ed.). Bode Verlag GmbH.

ⓘ Titanite

Formula: CaTiO(SiO₄)

Localities:

Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Roter Kamm Crater, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Turquoise

Formula: CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈ · 4H₂O

Localities:

Bogenfels turquoise Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

ⓘ Volborthite

Formula: Cu₃(V₂O₇)(OH)₂ · 2H₂O

Locality: Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Jean-Pierre specimens photo ID 1182191 1182192 1182534

ⓘ Wollastonite

Formula: Ca₃(Si₃O₉)

Locality: Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

References:

Jour Pet 39:2123-2136.

Cooper, A. F. (1988). Geology of Dicker Willem, a subvolcanic carbonatite complex in South-West Africa.

Reid, D. L., Cooper, A. F., Rex, D. C., Harmer, R. E. (1990) Timing of post–Karoo alkaline volcanism in southern Namibia. Geological Magazine, 127 (5) 427-433 doi:10.1017/s001675680001517x

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

Localities:

Kieshöhe carbonatite, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Keishohe carbonatites, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Chamais Plug, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
Roter Kamm Crater, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

Gallery:

Cⓘ Diamond

Diamond

Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

Diamond

Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

Diamond

Pomona Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

CuSiO₃ · H₂Oⓘ Dioptase

Dioptase

Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

Dioptase

Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

Dioptase

Sinclair Mine, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Copper	1.AA.05	Cu
ⓘ	Native Gold	1.AA.05	Au
ⓘ	Diamond	1.CB.10a	C
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Chalcocite	2.BA.05	Cu₂S
ⓘ	Bornite	2.BA.15	Cu₅FeS₄
ⓘ	Covellite	2.CA.05a	CuS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'	2.GB.05	Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Fluorite	3.AB.25	CaF₂
ⓘ	Atacamite	3.DA.10a	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Goethite	4.00.	Fe³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	'Microlite Group'	4.00.	A_2-mTa₂X_6-wZ_1-n
ⓘ	'Pyrochlore Group'	4.00.	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
ⓘ	Cuprite	4.AA.10	Cu₂O
ⓘ	Tenorite	4.AB.10	CuO
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺(Fe³⁺,Ti)₂O₄
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Perovskite	4.CC.30	CaTiO₃
ⓘ	Quartz var. Agate	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ		4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Lechatelierite	4.DA.30	SiO₂
ⓘ	Rutile	4.DB.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	Baddeleyite	4.DE.35	ZrO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Ankerite	5.AB.10	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	var. Iron-bearing Dolomite	5.AB.10	Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Azurite	5.BA.05	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Malachite	5.BA.10	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
ⓘ	Brochantite	7.BB.25	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
ⓘ	Alunite	7.BC.10	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Pseudomalachite	8.BD.05	Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄
ⓘ	Struvite	8.CH.40	(NH₄)Mg(PO₄) · 6H₂O
ⓘ	Stercorite (TL)	8.CJ.05	(NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O
ⓘ	Turquoise	8.DD.15	CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈ · 4H₂O
ⓘ	Volborthite	8.FD.05	Cu₃(V₂O₇)(OH)₂ · 2H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Andradite	9.AD.25	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	var. Melanite	9.AD.25	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Kyanite	9.AF.15	Al₂(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Titanite	9.AG.15	CaTiO(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Låvenite	9.BE.17	Na₂Ca₂Mn₂Zr₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₂F₂
ⓘ	Clinozoisite	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Epidote	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Papagoite	9.CE.05	CaCu[H₃AlSi₂O₉]
ⓘ	Dioptase	9.CJ.30	CuSiO₃ · H₂O
ⓘ	Eudialyte	9.CO.10	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Diopside	9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine-augite	9.DA.20	(Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine	9.DA.25	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Astrophyllite	9.DC.05	K₂NaFe²⁺₇Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
ⓘ	Magnesio-hornblende (TL)	9.DE.10	◻Ca₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Edenite	9.DE.15	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Hastingsite	9.DE.15	NaCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Kaersutite	9.DE.15	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
ⓘ	Pargasite	9.DE.15	NaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Ferro-richterite	9.DE.20	Na(CaNa)Fe²⁺₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Arfvedsonite	9.DE.25	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Wollastonite	9.DG.05	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
ⓘ	Aenigmatite	9.DH.40	Na₄[Fe²⁺₁₀Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
ⓘ	Tainiolite	9.EC.15	KLiMg₂(Si₄O₁₀)F₂
ⓘ	Tetraferriphlogopite	9.EC.20	KMg₃(Si₃Fe³⁺)O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	Chrysocolla	9.ED.20	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
ⓘ	Nepheline	9.FA.05	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
ⓘ	Microcline	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Sanidine	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Cancrinite	9.FB.05	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Sodalite	9.FB.10	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
ⓘ	Natrolite	9.GA.05	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Alkali Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Amphibole Supergroup'	-	AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂
ⓘ	'Bastnäsite'	-	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Desert Rose'	-
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group'	-
ⓘ	'Monazite Group'	-	REE(PO₄)
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'	-
ⓘ	'Mica Group'	-
ⓘ	'Synchysite'	-	Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)₂F
ⓘ	'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'	-
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Eudialyte Group var. Eucolite'	-	[N(1)N(2)N(3)N(4)N(5)]₃[M(1.1)M(1.2)]₃[M(2.1)M(2.2)M(2.3)]_3-6[M(3)M(4)]Z₃[Si₂₄O₇₂]Θ₄X(1)X(2)
ⓘ	'Plagioclase'	-	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
ⓘ	'K Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Pyroxene Group'	-	ADSi₂O₆
ⓘ	'Eudialyte Group'	-	[N(1)N(2)N(3)N(4)N(5)]₃[M(1.1)M(1.2)]₃[M(2.1)M(2.2)M(2.3)]_3-6[M(3)M(4)]Z₃[Si₂₄O₇₂]Θ₄X(1)X(2)
ⓘ	'Manganese Oxides'	-
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
ⓘ	'Melilite Group'	-	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
ⓘ	'Rosenbuschite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Sodic amphibole'	-
ⓘ	'Alkali pyroxene'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Alunite	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	NaNa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
H	ⓘ Atacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
H	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
H	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Dioptase	CuSiO₃ · H₂O
H	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
H	ⓘ Ferro-richterite	Na(CaNa)Fe₅²⁺(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende	◻Ca₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Papagoite	CaCu[H₃AlSi₂O₉]
H	ⓘ Pargasite	NaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Pseudomalachite	Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
H	ⓘ Stercorite	(NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Struvite	(NH₄)Mg(PO₄) · 6H₂O
H	ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Si₃Fe³⁺)O₁₀(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Turquoise	CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈ · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Volborthite	Cu₃(V₂O₇)(OH)₂ · 2H₂O
Li	Lithium
Li	ⓘ Tainiolite	KLiMg₂(Si₄O₁₀)F₂
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Bastnäsite	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
C	ⓘ Diamond	C
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite	Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂
N	Nitrogen
N	ⓘ Stercorite	(NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O
N	ⓘ Struvite	(NH₄)Mg(PO₄) · 6H₂O
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
O	ⓘ Quartz var. Agate	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Alunite	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂
O	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	NaNa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
O	ⓘ Atacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Baddeleyite	ZrO₂
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Bastnäsite	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
O	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Cuprite	Cu₂O
O	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Dioptase	CuSiO₃ · H₂O
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
O	ⓘ Ferro-richterite	Na(CaNa)Fe₅²⁺(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
O	ⓘ Kyanite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Lechatelierite	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Låvenite	Na₂Ca₂Mn₂Zr₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₂F₂
O	ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende	◻Ca₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Monazite Group	REE(PO₄)
O	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
O	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Papagoite	CaCu[H₃AlSi₂O₉]
O	ⓘ Pargasite	NaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
O	ⓘ Pseudomalachite	Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
O	ⓘ Stercorite	(NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Struvite	(NH₄)Mg(PO₄) · 6H₂O
O	ⓘ Tenorite	CuO
O	ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Si₃Fe³⁺)O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite	Fe²⁺(Fe³⁺,Ti)₂O₄
O	ⓘ Turquoise	CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈ · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Volborthite	Cu₃(V₂O₇)(OH)₂ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Wollastonite	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Tainiolite	KLiMg₂(Si₄O₁₀)F₂
O	ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
O	ⓘ Eudialyte Group var. Eucolite	[N(1)N(2)N(3)N(4)N(5)]₃[M(1.1)M(1.2)]₃[M(2.1)M(2.2)M(2.3)]_3-6[M(3)M(4)]Z₃[Si₂₄O₇₂]Θ₄X(1)X(2)
O	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
O	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Eudialyte Group	[N(1)N(2)N(3)N(4)N(5)]₃[M(1.1)M(1.2)]₃[M(2.1)M(2.2)M(2.3)]_3-6[M(3)M(4)]Z₃[Si₂₄O₇₂]Θ₄X(1)X(2)
O	ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite	Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
O	ⓘ Melilite Group	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
F	ⓘ Bastnäsite	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
F	ⓘ Låvenite	Na₂Ca₂Mn₂Zr₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₂F₂
F	ⓘ Tainiolite	KLiMg₂(Si₄O₁₀)F₂
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	NaNa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
Na	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Na	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Ferro-richterite	Na(CaNa)Fe₅²⁺(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Na	ⓘ Låvenite	Na₂Ca₂Mn₂Zr₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₂F₂
Na	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Na	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Na	ⓘ Pargasite	NaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Na	ⓘ Stercorite	(NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O
Na	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Mg	ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende	◻Ca₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Pargasite	NaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Struvite	(NH₄)Mg(PO₄) · 6H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Si₃Fe³⁺)O₁₀(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Tainiolite	KLiMg₂(Si₄O₁₀)F₂
Mg	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite	Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Alunite	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Al	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Al	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Al	ⓘ Kyanite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Al	ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende	◻Ca₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Al	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Al	ⓘ Papagoite	CaCu[H₃AlSi₂O₉]
Al	ⓘ Pargasite	NaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Al	ⓘ Turquoise	CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈ · 4H₂O
Al	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Si	ⓘ Quartz var. Agate	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	NaNa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Si	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Si	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Dioptase	CuSiO₃ · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Ferro-richterite	Na(CaNa)Fe₅²⁺(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Si	ⓘ Kyanite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Lechatelierite	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Låvenite	Na₂Ca₂Mn₂Zr₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₂F₂
Si	ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende	◻Ca₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Si	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Si	ⓘ Papagoite	CaCu[H₃AlSi₂O₉]
Si	ⓘ Pargasite	NaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Si	ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Si₃Fe³⁺)O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Wollastonite	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Tainiolite	KLiMg₂(Si₄O₁₀)F₂
Si	ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Si	ⓘ Eudialyte Group var. Eucolite	[N(1)N(2)N(3)N(4)N(5)]₃[M(1.1)M(1.2)]₃[M(2.1)M(2.2)M(2.3)]_3-6[M(3)M(4)]Z₃[Si₂₄O₇₂]Θ₄X(1)X(2)
Si	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Eudialyte Group	[N(1)N(2)N(3)N(4)N(5)]₃[M(1.1)M(1.2)]₃[M(2.1)M(2.2)M(2.3)]_3-6[M(3)M(4)]Z₃[Si₂₄O₇₂]Θ₄X(1)X(2)
Si	ⓘ Melilite Group	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Monazite Group	REE(PO₄)
P	ⓘ Pseudomalachite	Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄
P	ⓘ Stercorite	(NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O
P	ⓘ Struvite	(NH₄)Mg(PO₄) · 6H₂O
P	ⓘ Turquoise	CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈ · 4H₂O
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Alunite	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
S	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
S	ⓘ Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
S	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Atacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
Cl	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Cl	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Alunite	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
K	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
K	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Si₃Fe³⁺)O₁₀(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Tainiolite	KLiMg₂(Si₄O₁₀)F₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Ca	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Ferro-richterite	Na(CaNa)Fe₅²⁺(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Ca	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Ca	ⓘ Låvenite	Na₂Ca₂Mn₂Zr₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₂F₂
Ca	ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende	◻Ca₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Papagoite	CaCu[H₃AlSi₂O₉]
Ca	ⓘ Pargasite	NaCa₂(Mg₄Al)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
Ca	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Ca	ⓘ Wollastonite	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
Ca	ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Ca	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite	Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
Ca	ⓘ Melilite Group	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Ti	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Ti	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Ti	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Ti	ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite	Fe²⁺(Fe³⁺,Ti)₂O₄
V	Vanadium
V	ⓘ Volborthite	Cu₃(V₂O₇)(OH)₂ · 2H₂O
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Låvenite	Na₂Ca₂Mn₂Zr₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₂F₂
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Fe	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Fe	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Fe	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	NaNa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Ferro-richterite	Na(CaNa)Fe₅²⁺(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Si₃Fe³⁺)O₁₀(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite	Fe²⁺(Fe³⁺,Ti)₂O₄
Fe	ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Fe	ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite	Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Atacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
Cu	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Cu	ⓘ Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
Cu	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Cu	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
Cu	ⓘ Cuprite	Cu₂O
Cu	ⓘ Native Copper	Cu
Cu	ⓘ Dioptase	CuSiO₃ · H₂O
Cu	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Papagoite	CaCu[H₃AlSi₂O₉]
Cu	ⓘ Pseudomalachite	Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄
Cu	ⓘ Tenorite	CuO
Cu	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Cu	ⓘ Turquoise	CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈ · 4H₂O
Cu	ⓘ Volborthite	Cu₃(V₂O₇)(OH)₂ · 2H₂O
Y	Yttrium
Y	ⓘ Bastnäsite	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Baddeleyite	ZrO₂
Zr	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Zr	ⓘ Låvenite	Na₂Ca₂Mn₂Zr₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₂F₂
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Nb	Niobium
Nb	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
Sb	Antimony
Sb	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
Ce	Cerium
Ce	ⓘ Bastnäsite	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
Nd	Neodymium
Nd	ⓘ Bastnäsite	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
Ta	Tantalum
Ta	ⓘ Microlite Group	A_2-mTa₂X_6-wZ_1-n
Au	Gold
Au	ⓘ Native Gold	Au

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Phanerozoic : 130 ± 2 Ma to 37 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic Time

Rocks, Minerals and Events

ⓘ Nephelinite	37 Ma	Schwarzerberg Plug, Klinghardt Group, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia
ⓘ Biotite (youngest age)	48 ± 2 Ma	Dicker Willem (Dicker Wilhelm; Garubberg), ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

Mesozoic

Cretaceous

Early/Lower Cretaceous

ⓘ Biotite (oldest age)

130 ± 2 Ma

Granitberg Complex, ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia

Fossils

There are 397 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences

397

Youngest Fossil Listed

0.01 Ma (Pleistocene)

Oldest Fossil Listed

635 Ma (Neoproterozoic)

Stratigraphic Units

Click here to view 6 stratigraphic units.

Fossils from Region

Click here to show the list.

Accepted Name	Hierarchy	Age
Ammonia genus	Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Ammoniidae : *Ammonia*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Astacolus genus	Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Vaginulinidae : *Astacolus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Cibicides genus	Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cibicididae : *Cibicides*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Elphidium genus	Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Elphidiidae : *Elphidium*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Glandulina genus	Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Glandulinidae : *Glandulina*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Lenticulina genus	Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Vaginulinidae : *Lenticulina*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Nonion genus	Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Nonionidae : *Nonion*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Pararotalia genus	Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Calcarinidae : *Pararotalia*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Siphoglobulina genus	Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Glandulinidae : *Siphoglobulina*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Textularia genus	Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Textulariida : Textulariidae : *Textularia*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Valvulineria genus	Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cancrisidae : *Valvulineria*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Ernietta genus	Animalia : Petalonamae : *Ernietta*	635 - 541 Ma Neoproterozoic
Rangea genus	Animalia : Petalonamae : *Rangea*	635 - 541 Ma Neoproterozoic
Mercierella genus	Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Serpulidae : *Ficopomatus*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Patella genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Patellidae : *Patella*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Diodora genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lepetellida : Fissurellidae : *Diodora*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Fissurella genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lepetellida : Fissurellidae : *Fissurella*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Archimediella genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : *Archimediella*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Cerithium genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : *Cerithium*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Crepidula genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : *Crepidula*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Sconsia genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cassidae : *Sconsia*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Tenagodus genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Siliquariidae : *Tenagodus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Turritella genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : *Turritella*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Conus genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : *Conus*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Nassa genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : *Nassa*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Nassarius genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : *Nassarius*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Thais genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : *Thais*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Voluta genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : *Voluta*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Philine genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Philinidae : *Philine*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Nuculana genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : *Nuculana*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Aulacomya genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : *Aulacomya*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Mytilus genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : *Mytilus*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Perna genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : *Perna*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Crassostrea genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : *Crassostrea*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Ostrea genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : *Ostraea*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Pecten genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : *Pecten*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Mactra (Barymactra) subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactra : *Mactra (Barymactra)*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Chamelea genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : *Chamelea*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Donax genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Donacidae : *Donax*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Solen genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Adapedonta : Solenidae : *Solen*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Tellina genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : *Tellina*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Balanus genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Sessilia : Balanidae : *Balanus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Grammella genus	Animalia : Bryozoa : Gymnolaemata : Cheilostomatida : Membraniporidae : *Grammella*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Galeocerdo genus	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Carcharhinidae : *Galeocerdo*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Galeus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Scyliorhinidae : *Galeus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Osteichthyes unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Amphibia class	Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Reptilia class	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Squamata order	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Crocodylia unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia	47.8 - 38 Ma Eocene
Pipidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Anura : Pipidae	47.8 - 38 Ma Eocene
Pelomedusa genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pelomedusidae : *Pelomedusa*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Lacertilia suborder	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Lacertilia	41.3 - 11.608 Ma Cenozoic
Gekkonidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Gekkonidae	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Varanidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Varanidae	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Varanus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Varanidae : *Varanus*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Serpentes unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Serpentes	41.3 - 11.608 Ma Cenozoic
Scolecophidia infraorder	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Scolecophidia	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Boidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Boidae	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Python genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Pythonidae : *Python*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Colubroidea superfamily	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Colubroidea	41.3 - 11.608 Ma Cenozoic
Colubridae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Colubridae	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Naja genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Elapidae : *Naja*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Viperidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Viperidae	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Bitis genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Viperidae : *Bitis*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Vipera genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Viperidae : *Vipera*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Struthionidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Struthioniformes : Struthionidae	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Accipitridae family	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Phasianidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Phasianidae	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Macroscelidea order	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Macroscelididae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae	47.8 - 38 Ma Eocene
Myohyrax genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae : *Myohyrax*	41.3 - 11.608 Ma Cenozoic
Palaeothentoides genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae : *Palaeothentoides*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Erinaceidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Erinaceomorpha : Erinaceidae	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Amphechinus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Erinaceomorpha : Erinaceidae : *Amphechinus*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Prochrysochloris genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Afrosoricida : Chrysochloridae : *Prochrysochloris*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Rhinolophus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Rhinolophidae : *Rhinolophus*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Hyaenodontidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Isohyaenodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyainailouridae : *Isohyaenodon*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Pterodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyainailouridae : *Pterodon*	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Viverridae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Mustelidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Afrocyon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : *Afrocyon*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Ysengrinia genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : *Ysengrinia*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Vulcanisciurus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : *Vulcanisciurus*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Megapedetes genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Pedetidae : *Megapedetes*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Bathyergoides genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Bathyergoididae : *Bathyergoides*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Gaudeamus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Gaudeamuridae : *Gaudeamus*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Phiomys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Phiomyidae : *Phiomys*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Diceros genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : *Diceros*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Gomphotherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : *Gomphotherium*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Colubrinae subfamily	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Colubridae : Colubrinae	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Natricinae subfamily	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Colubridae : Natricinae	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Testudines order	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Hyaenodontinae subfamily	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodontinae	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Amphisbaenia infraorder	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Amphisbaenia	47.8 - 11.608 Ma Cenozoic
Proviverrinae subfamily	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Proviverrinae	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Planorbis genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Planorbidae : *Planorbis*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Python sebae species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Pythonidae : Python : *Python sebae*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Trigonephrus genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Dorcasiidae : *Trigonephrus*	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Austrolagomys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Ochotonidae : *Austrolagomys*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Homoiodorcas genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Homoiodorcas*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Protarsomys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : *Protarsomys*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Otolithus (Chrysophris) subgenus	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Spariformes : Sparidae : *Otolithus (Chrysophris)*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Mirounga leonina species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Mirounga : *Mirounga leonina*	0.0117 - 0 Ma Quaternary
Oxyrhina genus	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Odontaspidida : Isuridae : *Oxyrhina*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Cosmopolitodus hastalis species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Odontaspidida : Carcharodontidae : Cosmopolitodus : *Cosmopolitodus hastalis*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Isurus oxyrinchus species	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Lamnidae : Isurus : *Isurus oxyrinchus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Lymnaea genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lymnaeidae : *Lymnaea*	47.8 - 38 Ma Eocene
Hydrobia genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Hydrobiidae : *Hydrobia*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Bothriogenys gorringei species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : Bothriogenys : *Bothriogenys gorringei*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Zygrhablithus genus	Chromista : Haptophyta : Prymnesiophyceae : Coccosphaerales : Calyptrosphaeraceae : *Zygrhablithus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Discoaster genus	Chromista : Haptophyta : Prymnesiophyceae : Discoasterales : Discoasteraceae : *Discoaster*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Coccolithus genus	Chromista : Haptophyta : Prymnesiophyceae : Coccolithales : Coccolithaceae : *Coccolithus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Braarudosphaera genus	Chromista : Haptophyta : Prymnesiophyceae : Coccosphaerales : Braarudosphaeraceae : *Braarudosphaera*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Xerini tribe	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Xerini	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Hyainailouros sulzeri species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyainailouros : *Hyainailouros sulzeri*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Buhakia genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Teratodontidae : *Buhakia*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Anura order	Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Anura	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Metapterodon stromeri species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Pterodon : *Metapterodon stromeri*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Metapterodon kaiseri species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Pterodon : *Metapterodon kaiseri*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Odontaspis contortidens species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Lamniformes : Odontaspididae : Odontaspis : *Odontaspis contortidens*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Schizoporella latisinuata species	Animalia : Bryozoa : Gymnolaemata : Cheilostomatida : Schizoporellidae : Schizoporella : *Schizoporella latisinuata*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Afrocyon ginsburgi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Afrocyon : *Afrocyon ginsburgi*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Prodeinotherium hobleyi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Prodeinotherium : *Prodeinotherium hobleyi*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Turritella terebralis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : *Turritella terebralis*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Lopholistriodon moruoroti species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Lopholistriodon : *Lopholistriodon moruoroti*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Barnea truncata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Pholadidae : Barnea : *Barnea truncata*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Turritella (Torquesia) carinifera species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Turritellidae : Torquesia : *Turritella (Torquesia) carinifera*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Aspidella genus	Animalia : Cnidaria : *Aspidella*	635 - 541 Ma Neoproterozoic
Galeodes cornutus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Melongenidae : Melongena : *Galeodes cornutus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Ostrea gingensis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Ostrea : *Ostrea gingensis*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Turritella (Haustator) vermicularis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Turritellidae : Haustator : *Turritella (Haustator) vermicularis*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Cubitostrea digitalina species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Cubitostrea : *Cubitostrea digitalina*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Adapisoriculidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Adapisoriculidae	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Bradgatia genus	Animalia : Rangeomorpha : *Bradgatia*	635 - 541 Ma Neoproterozoic
Aturia lotzi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Aturiidae : Aturia : *Aturia lotzi*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Cylindracanthus rectus species	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Acipenseriformes : Cylindracanthus : *Cylindracanthus rectus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Nguruwe kijivium species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nguruwe : *Nguruwe kijivium*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Myliobatis dixoni species	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Myliobatiformes : Myliobatidae : Myliobatis : *Myliobatis dixoni*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Odontaspis winkleri species	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Odontaspididae : Odontaspis : *Odontaspis winkleri*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Odontaspis macrota species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Lamniformes : Odontaspididae : Odontaspis : *Odontaspis macrota*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Dorcatherium pigotti species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Dorcatherium : *Dorcatherium pigotti*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Afrosmilus africanus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Barbourofelidae : Afrosmilus : *Afrosmilus africanus*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Ranoidea superfamily	Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Anura : Ranoidea	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Lutraria lutraria species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Lutraria : *Lutraria lutraria*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Titanohyracidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Titanohyracidae	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Conopeum lamellosum species	Animalia : Bryozoa : Gymnolaemata : Cheilostomatida : Electridae : Conopeum : *Conopeum lamellosum*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Pteridinium simplex species	Animalia : Petalonamae : Pteridinium : *Pteridinium simplex*	635 - 541 Ma Neoproterozoic
Swartpuntia germsi species	Animalia : Petalonamae : Swartpuntia : *Swartpuntia germsi*	635 - 541 Ma Neoproterozoic
Protechiurus edmondsi species	Protechiurus : *Protechiurus edmondsi*	635 - 541 Ma Neoproterozoic
Galeocerdo latidens species	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Carcharhinidae : Galeocerdo : *Galeocerdo latidens*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Notidanus serratissimus species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hexanchiformes : Hexanchidae : Notidanus : *Notidanus serratissimus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Squatina prima species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Squatiniformes : Squatinidae : Squatina : *Squatina prima*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Argobuccinum pustulosum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Ranellidae : Argobuccinum : *Argobuccinum pustulosum*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Orycteropus minutus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : *Orycteropus minutus*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Cristellaria subalata species	Foraminifera : Cristellaria : *Cristellaria subalata*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Talahphiomys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Phiomyidae : *Talahphiomys*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Talahphiomys lavocati species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Myophiomyidae : Talahphiomys : *Talahphiomys lavocati*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Cichlidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Cichliformes : Cichlidae	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Perna perna species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Perna : *Perna perna*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Namaortyx sperrgebietensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Namaortyx : *Namaortyx sperrgebietensis*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Namibchersus namaquensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Namibchersus : *Namibchersus namaquensis*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Homopus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : *Homopus*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Nucella praecingulata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Nucella : *Nucella praecingulata*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Burnupena genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : *Burnupena*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Bullia annulata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Bullia : *Bullia annulata*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Patella granularis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Patellidae : Patella : *Patella granularis*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Donax serra species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Donacidae : Donax : *Donax serra*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Bullia laevissima species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Bullia : *Bullia laevissima*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Buccinum callosum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Buccinum : *Buccinum callosum*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Buccinum digitale species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Buccinum : *Buccinum digitale*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Choromytilus meridionalis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Choromytilus : *Choromytilus meridionalis*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Artemis orbignyi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Dosinia : *Artemis orbignyi*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Nassarius scopularcus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Nassarius : *Nassarius scopularcus*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Marginella capensis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Marginellidae : Marginella : *Marginella capensis*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Tellina cumana species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : *Tellina cumana*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Turritella bicingulata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : *Turritella bicingulata*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Sistrum squamosum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Thaididae : Drupa : *Sistrum squamosum*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Tapes corrugatus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Tapes : *Tapes corrugatus*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Patella granatina species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Patellidae : Patella : *Patella granatina*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Erymnochelys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Podocnemididae : *Erymnochelys*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Lamna vincenti species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Lamniformes : Lamnidae : Lamna : *Lamna vincenti*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Teratodontinae unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Teratodontinae	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Reticulofenestra genus	Chromista : Haptophyta : Prymnesiophyceae : Isochrysidales : Noelaerhabdaceae : *Reticulofenestra*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Streptichnus narbonnei species	Streptichnus : *Streptichnus narbonnei*	541 - 530 Ma Cambrian
Crocodylus gariepensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Crocodylus : *Crocodylus gariepensis*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Amphicyon giganteus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Amphicyon : *Amphicyon giganteus*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Hecubides euryodon species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Cynelos : *Hecubides euryodon*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Namalestes gheerbranti species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Todralestidae : Namalestes : *Namalestes gheerbranti*	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Namahyrax corvus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Namahyrax : *Namahyrax corvus*	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Namatherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Arsinoitheriidae : *Namatherium*	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Notnamaia bogenfelsi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notnamaia : *Notnamaia bogenfelsi*	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Zegdoumys namibiensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Zegdoumyidae : Zegdoumys : *Zegdoumys namibiensis*	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Silicamys cingulatus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Myophiomyidae : Silicamys : *Silicamys cingulatus*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Prepomonomys bogenfelsi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Diamantomyidae : Prepomonomys : *Prepomonomys bogenfelsi*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Protophiomys algeriensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Chapattimyidae : Protophiomys : *Protophiomys algeriensis*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Exogyra scheibei species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Exogyra : *Exogyra scheibei*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Lithodomus beetzi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Lithophaga : *Lithodomus beetzi*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Arca (Noetia) reuningi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Noetiidae : Noetia : *Arca (Noetia) reuningi*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Tellina (Peronaea) oppenheimi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : *Tellina (Peronaea) oppenheimi*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Mactra tumida species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Mactridae : Mactra : *Mactra tumida*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Mya schweinfurthi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Myidae : Mya : *Mya schweinfurthi*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Rocellaria clausa species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Gastrochaenida : Gastrochaenidae : Rocellaria : *Rocellaria clausa*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Rocellaria sacculus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Gastrochaenida : Gastrochaenidae : Rocellaria : *Rocellaria sacculus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Turritella merenskyi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : *Turritella merenskyi*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Turritella (Haustator) atlantica species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Turritellidae : Haustator : *Turritella (Haustator) atlantica*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Natica exilis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica : *Natica exilis*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Pseudoliva thielei species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudolividae : Pseudoliva : *Pseudoliva thielei*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Pseudoliva leutweini species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudolividae : Pseudoliva : *Pseudoliva leutweini*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Ocinebra dietrichi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Ocenebra : *Ocinebra dietrichi*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Streptosiphon piriformis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Afer : *Streptosiphon piriformis*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Streptosiphon lotzi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Afer : *Streptosiphon lotzi*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Streptosiphon klinghardti species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Afer : *Streptosiphon klinghardti*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Vexillum lindequisti species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Costellariidae : Vexillum : *Vexillum lindequisti*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Turricula excelsa species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Clavatulidae : Turricula : *Turricula excelsa*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Bullinella convoluta species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Cylichnidae : Cylichna : *Bullinella convoluta*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Cestracion vincenti species	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Heterodontiformes : Heterodontidae : Heterodontus : *Cestracion vincenti*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Lamna barnitzkei species	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Lamnidae : Lamna : *Lamna barnitzkei*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Alopecias smithwoodwardi species	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Lamnidae : Alopecias : *Alopecias smithwoodwardi*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Galeus porrectus species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Carchariniformes : Scyliorhinidae : Galeus : *Galeus porrectus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Galeus robustus species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Carchariniformes : Scyliorhinidae : Galeus : *Galeus robustus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Carcharias (Aprionodon) frequens species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Carchariniformes : Carcharhinidae : Aprionodon : *Carcharias (Aprionodon) frequens*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Carcharias (Physodon) quartus species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Lamniformes : Carchariidae : Physodon : *Carcharias (Physodon) quartus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Rhaibodus rapax species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Plagiostomi : Carcharidae : Rhaibodus : *Rhaibodus rapax*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Oxypristis ferinus species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Rhinopristiformes : Pristidae : Oxypristis : *Oxypristis ferinus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Rhinoptera rasilis species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Myliobatiformes : Myliobatidae : Rhinoptera : *Rhinoptera rasilis*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Pimelodus gaudryi species	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Siluridae : Pimelodus : *Pimelodus gaudryi*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Labrodon stromeri species	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Labriformes : Labridae : Labrodon : *Labrodon stromeri*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Paranarrhichas damesi species	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Blenniiformes : Blenniidae : Paranarrhichas : *Paranarrhichas damesi*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Odontorhytis pappenheimi species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Odontorhytis : *Odontorhytis pappenheimi*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Sphyraenodus hastatus species	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Scombriformes : Sphyraenodus : *Sphyraenodus hastatus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Arca koerti species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Arca : *Arca koerti*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Tellina serrata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : *Tellina serrata*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Aulacomya atra species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Aulacomya : *Aulacomya atra*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Scopelortyx klinghardtensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Paraortygidae : Scopelortyx : *Scopelortyx klinghardtensis*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Namapsitta praeruptorum species	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Psittaciformes : Namapsitta : *Namapsitta praeruptorum*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Metaphiomys schaubi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Diamantomyidae : Metaphiomys : *Metaphiomys schaubi*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Namasector soriae species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Prionogalidae : Namasector : *Namasector soriae*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Leptoplesictis senutae species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Herpestes : *Leptoplesictis senutae*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Leptoplesictis namibiensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Herpestes : *Leptoplesictis namibiensis*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Orangictis gariepensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Orangictis : *Orangictis gariepensis*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Namibictis senuti species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Namibictis : *Namibictis senuti*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Africanictis meini species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Africanictis : *Africanictis meini*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Diamantofelis ferox species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Diamantofelis : *Diamantofelis ferox*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Africanictis hyaenoides species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Africanictis : *Africanictis hyaenoides*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Diamantofelis minor species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Diamantofelis : *Diamantofelis minor*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Diamantochloris inconcessus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Afrosoricida : Chrysochloridae : Diamantochloris : *Diamantochloris inconcessus*	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Namachloris arenatans species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Afrosoricida : Chrysochloridae : Namachloris : *Namachloris arenatans*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Namaloris rupestris species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lorisidae : Namaloris : *Namaloris rupestris*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Rupestrohyrax palustris species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Rupestrohyrax : *Rupestrohyrax palustris*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Namagale grandis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Potamogalidae : Namagale : *Namagale grandis*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Sperrgale genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Afrosoricida : Tenrecidae : *Sperrgale*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Sperrgale minutus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Afrosoricida : Tenrecidae : Sperrgale : *Sperrgale minutus*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Arenagale calcareus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Afrosoricida : Tenrecidae : Arenagale : *Arenagale calcareus*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Scutellastra barbara species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Patellidae : Scutellastra : *Scutellastra barbara*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Geofossor corvinusae species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Bathyergidae : Geofossor : *Geofossor corvinusae*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Paraphiomys orangeus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Paraphiomys : *Paraphiomys orangeus*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Protarsomys lavocati species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Protarsomys : *Protarsomys lavocati*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Protenrec butleri species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Afrosoricida : Tenrecidae : Protenrec : *Protenrec butleri*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Cibicides pseudoungerianus species	Foraminifera : Cibicididae : Cibicides : *Cibicides pseudoungerianus*	38 - 33.9 Ma Paleogene
Hydrocynus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Characiformes : Alestidae : *Hydrocynus*	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Namibchersus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : *Namibchersus*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Mesochersus orangeus species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Mesochersus : *Mesochersus orangeus*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Pelomedusa senutpickfordina species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pelomedusa : *Pelomedusa senutpickfordina*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Afromastodon coppensi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Amebelodontidae : Afromastodon : *Afromastodon coppensi*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Sperrgebietomeryx wardi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Sperrgebietomeryx : *Sperrgebietomeryx wardi*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Propalaeoryx austroafricanus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Propalaeoryx : *Propalaeoryx austroafricanus*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Orangemeryx hendeyi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Orangemeryx : *Orangemeryx hendeyi*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Prohyrax hendeyi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Prohyrax : *Prohyrax hendeyi*	23.03 - 11.608 Ma Miocene
Namadapis interdictus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Namadapis : *Namadapis interdictus*	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Nanogale fragilis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Nanogale : *Nanogale fragilis*	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Damarachloris primaevus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chrysochloridae : Damarachloris : *Damarachloris primaevus*	47.8 - 41.3 Ma Eocene
Efeldomys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Bathyergidae : *Efeldomys*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene
Tufamys woodi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Tufamyidae : Tufamys : *Tufamys woodi*	41.3 - 38 Ma Eocene

Fossil Localities

Click to show 21 fossil localities

Quaternary🐚 Extant Distribution

Namibia

ǁKaras Region
- ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency
  - Neoproterozoic🐚 Aar Farm
  - Miocene🐚 Arrisdrift
  - Eocene🐚 Black Crow
  - Pleistocene🐚 Bogenfels
  - Miocene🐚 E-Bay
  - Miocene🐚 Elisabethfeld
  - Miocene🐚 Elizabethfield
  - Eocene🐚 Eocliff
  - Neoproterozoic to Cambrian🐚 Farm Swartpunt

Namibia

ǁKaras Region
- ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency
  - Miocene🐚 Grillental
  - Miocene🐚 Grillental 6
  - Miocene🐚 Gypsum Plate Pan
  - Miocene🐚 Karingarab
  - Paleogene🐚 Langental
  - Miocene🐚 Rooilepel
  - Eocene🐚 Silica North
  - Eocene🐚 Silica South
  - Pleistocene🐚 SWA1
  - Neoproterozoic🐚 Vendian fauna

Other Databases

Wikipedia:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C7%83Nami%C7%82N%C3%BBs_Constituency
Wikidata ID:	Q1439417
GeoNames ID:	7931911

Localities in this Region

Namibia

ǁKaras Region
- ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency

Namibia

ǁKaras Region
- ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

AfricaContinent

NamibDesert

African PlateTectonic Plate

Choma-Kaloma BlockOrogenic Belt
Gariep BeltOrogenic Belt

African Plate

Kalahari basinBasin
Namaqua-Natal BeltOrogenic Belt
Southwest African Coastal basinBasin

Atlantic OceanOcean

Namibia

Namib-Naukluft National ParkNational Park
Tsau ǁKhaeb National ParkNational Park

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

O'Neil, Paul (1983) Planet Earth - Gemstones. Time Life Books, Alexandria, VA.

www.namdeb.com (n.d.) https://www.namdeb.com/

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ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia i
Regional Level Types
ǃNamiǂNûs Constituency Constituency
ǁKaras Region Region
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