Vote for your favorite mineral in #MinCup26! - Quartz vs. Asagiite
It's a classic vs a newbie as the most common named mineral in the crust Quartz is up against an exceedingly-rare sea foam-green mineral discovered just a few years ago Asagiite.
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Tonghua, Jilin, Chinai
Regional Level Types
TonghuaPrefecture-level City
JilinProvince
ChinaCountry

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PhotosMapsSearchMineralogy
Neighbouring regions:
Benxi, Liaoning, China
Fushun, Liaoning, China
Dandong, Liaoning, China
Jilin, Jilin, China
Baishan, Jilin, China
Liaoyuan, Jilin, China
Chasong County, Chagang Province, North Korea
Chosan County, Chagang Province, North Korea
Manpo City, Chagang Province, North Korea
Wiwon County, Chagang Province, North Korea
Type:
Prefecture-level City
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
Tonghua510,000 (2018)
Meihekou99,419 (2012)
Chaoyang75,347 (2012)
Liuhe66,975 (2012)
Huinan66,315 (2012)
Erdaojiang60,831 (2012)
Mindat Locality ID:
143659
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:143659:7
GUID (UUID V4):
0
Other Languages:
View 46 more...
French:
Tonghua, Jilin, Chine
German:
Tonghua, Jilin, China
Italian:
Tonghua, Jilin, Cina
Russian:
Тунхуа, Гирин, Китай
Simplified Chinese:
通化市, 吉林省, 中国
Spanish:
Tonghua, Jilin, China
Arabic:
تونغهوا, جيلين, الصين
Asturian:
Tonghua, Jilin, China
Basque:
Tonghua, Jilin, Txina
Bengali:
তংহুয়া, চিলিন, গণচীন
Catalan:
Tonghua, Jilin, Xina
Cebuano:
Tonghua, Jilin Sheng, Tsina
Czech:
Tchung-chua, Ťi-lin, Čína
Danish:
Tonghua, Jilin, Kina
Dutch:
Tonghua, Jilin, China
Esperanto:
Tonghua, Ĝilinio, Ĉinujo
Farsi/Persian:
تانگهوا, جی‌لین, جمهوری خلق چین
Finnish:
Tonghua, Jilin, Kiina
Gan:
通化市, 吉林省, 中國
Greek:
Τόνγκουα, Τσιλίν, Κίνα
Gujarati:
ટોંગહુઆ, જિલિન, ચીન
Hindi:
तोंग्हुआ, जीलिन, चीन
Indonesian:
Tonghua, Jilin, Cina
Japanese:
通化市, 吉林省, 中国
Kannada:
ಟಾಂಗ್ಹುವಾ, ಜಿಲಿನ್, ಚೀನಿ
Kikuyu:
Tonghua, China
Korean:
퉁화시, 지린성, 중국
Latvian:
Tongčua, Dzjiliņa, Ķīna
Lithuanian:
Tongchua, Dzilinas, Kinija
Malagasy:
Tonghua, Jilin, Sina
Malay:
Tonghua, Jilin, China
Marathi:
टोंगहुआ, चीलिन, चीन
Min Dong Chinese:
Tŭng-huá, Gék-lìng, Dṳ̆ng-huà Ìng-mìng Gê̤ṳng-huò-guók
Minnan / Hokkien-Taiwanese:
Thong-hoà-chhī, Kiat-lîm-séng, Tiong-hôa
Norwegian:
Tonghua, Jilin, Kina
Norwegian (Nynorsk):
Tonghua, Jilin, Kina
Occitan:
Tonghua, Jilin, China
Polish:
Tonghua, Jilin, Chiny
Portuguese:
Tonghua, Jilin, China
Sinhalese:
ටොන්ග්හුආ, ජිලින්, චීනය
Swedish:
Tonghua, Jilin, Kina
Tamil:
டாங்ஹுவா, சிலின் மாகாணம், சீனா
Telugu:
తోంఘుా, జిలిన్, చైనా
Thai:
ทงหัว, มณฑลจี๋หลิน, ประเทศจีน
Traditional Chinese:
通化, 吉林, 中國
Turkish:
Tonghua, Jilin, Çin
Ukrainian:
Тунхуа, Цзілінь, Китай
Urdu:
تونگہوا, جیلن, چین
Vietnamese:
Thông Hóa, Cát Lâm, Trung Quốc
Waray:
Tonghua, Jilin, Tsina
Welsh:
Tonghua, Jilin, Tsieina
Wu Chinese:
通化市, 吉林省, 中国


The area around Tonghua is known for Japan-law quartz twins (Jiang, 1983).

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

79 valid minerals. 1 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 2 erroneous literature entries.

Rock Types Recorded


Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Acanthite
Formula: Ag2S
ⓘ Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5(T8O22)W2
ⓘ Analcime
Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
ⓘ Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
ⓘ Antigorite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Description: Extremely magnesium rich (near end mineral composition).
ⓘ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3A
ⓘ Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
ⓘ 'Asbestos'
ⓘ Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘ Augite var. Asteroite
Formula: (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
ⓘ Awaruite
Formula: Ni3Fe
ⓘ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Bismuthinite
Formula: Bi2S3
ⓘ Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
ⓘ Brucite
Formula: Mg(OH)2
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende'
Formula: AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Changbaiite (TL)
Formula: PbNb2O6
Type Locality:
ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Chrysotile
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Cinnabar
Formula: HgS
ⓘ Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
ⓘ 'Clinoptilolite Subgroup'
Formula: (Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
ⓘ Cobaltpentlandite
Formula: Co9S8
ⓘ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
ⓘ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Dravite
Formula: NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Enstatite
Formula: Mg2Si2O6
ⓘ Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
ⓘ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
ⓘ Forsterite
Formula: Mg2(SiO4)
ⓘ Forsterite var. Jian forsterite jade
Formula: Mg2SiO4
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
ⓘ Hessite
Formula: Ag2Te
ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'
Formula: ◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
ⓘ Humite
Formula: Mg7(SiO4)3F2
ⓘ Hydromagnesite
Formula: Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
ⓘ Hydrotalcite
Formula: Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
ⓘ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
ⓘ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ 'K Feldspar'
ⓘ Lizardite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Ludwigite
Formula: Mg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
ⓘ Magnesite
Formula: MgCO3
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
ⓘ Melonite
Formula: NiTe2
ⓘ Merenskyite
Formula: PdTe2
ⓘ Michenerite
Formula: PdBiTe
ⓘ Millerite
Formula: NiS
ⓘ Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
ⓘ Monazite-(Nd)
Formula: Nd(PO4)
ⓘ Moncheite
Formula: Pt(Te,Bi)2
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite
Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Native Bismuth
Formula: Bi
ⓘ Native Gold
Formula: Au
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum
Formula: (Au,Ag)
ⓘ Native Sulphur
Formula: S8
ⓘ Native Tin
Formula: Sn
ⓘ 'Olivine Group'
Formula: M2SiO4
ⓘ 'Orthochrysotile'
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Pentlandite
Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘ Periclase
Formula: MgO
ⓘ Petzite
Formula: Ag3AuTe2
ⓘ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Pyrargyrite
Formula: Ag3SbS3
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ Pyrophyllite
Formula: Al2Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
ⓘ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 18 localities in this region.
ⓘ Quartz var. Milky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ 'Scapolite'
ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup var. Serpentine Jade'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
ⓘ Siderite
Formula: FeCO3
ⓘ Sperrylite
Formula: PtAs2
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
ⓘ Suanite
Formula: Mg2[B2O5]
ⓘ Szaibélyite
Formula: MgBO2(OH)
ⓘ Talc
Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘ Titanite
Formula: CaTiO(SiO4)
ⓘ 'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ Tremolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Uvite
Formula: CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Valleriite
Formula: (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
ⓘ Vesuvianite
Formula: Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
ⓘ Violarite
Formula: Fe2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘ Warwickite
Formula: (Mg,Ti,Fe,Al)2O(BO3)
ⓘ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
ⓘ Zircon var. Hyacinth
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
ⓘ Zoisite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ Zoisite var. Tanzanite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘNative Gold
var. Electrum		1.AA.05(Au,Ag)
ⓘ1.AA.05Au
ⓘNative Tin1.AC.10Sn
ⓘAwaruite1.AE.20Ni3Fe
ⓘNative Bismuth1.CA.05Bi
ⓘNative Sulphur1.CC.05S8
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘChalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
ⓘBornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
ⓘAcanthite2.BA.35Ag2S
ⓘHessite2.BA.60Ag2Te
ⓘPetzite2.BA.75Ag3AuTe2
ⓘCobaltpentlandite2.BB.15Co9S8
ⓘPentlandite2.BB.15(NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘMillerite2.CC.20NiS
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘCinnabar2.CD.15aHgS
ⓘViolarite2.DA.05Fe2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘBismuthinite2.DB.05Bi2S3
ⓘMelonite2.EA.20NiTe2
ⓘMerenskyite2.EA.20PdTe2
ⓘMoncheite2.EA.20Pt(Te,Bi)2
ⓘMolybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘSperrylite2.EB.05aPtAs2
ⓘMarcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
ⓘArsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
ⓘMichenerite2.EB.25PdBiTe
ⓘValleriite2.FD.30(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
ⓘPyrargyrite2.GA.05Ag3SbS3
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘFluorite3.AB.25CaF2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘQuartz4.00.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Milky Quartz4.00.05SiO2
ⓘPericlase4.AB.25MgO
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘSpinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
ⓘChangbaiite (TL)4.DF.10PbNb2O6
ⓘBrucite4.FE.05Mg(OH)2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘMagnesite5.AB.05MgCO3
ⓘSiderite5.AB.05FeCO3
ⓘDolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘHydromagnesite5.DA.05Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
ⓘHydrotalcite5.DA.50Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
Group 6 - Borates
ⓘWarwickite6.AB.20(Mg,Ti,Fe,Al)2O(BO3)
ⓘLudwigite6.AB.30Mg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
ⓘSuanite6.BA.05Mg2[B2O5]
ⓘSzaibélyite6.BA.15MgBO2(OH)
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘAnhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
ⓘBaryte7.AD.35BaSO4
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘMonazite-(Nd)8.AD.50Nd(PO4)
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘChrysotile9.00.Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘForsterite9.AC.05Mg2(SiO4)
ⓘvar. Jian forsterite jade9.AC.05Mg2SiO4
ⓘAndradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘvar. Hyacinth9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘHumite9.AF.50Mg7(SiO4)3F2
ⓘTitanite9.AG.15CaTiO(SiO4)
ⓘEpidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘZoisite
var. Tanzanite ?		9.BG.10(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ ?9.BG.10(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘVesuvianite9.BG.35Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
ⓘDravite9.CK.05NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘUvite9.CK.05CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘEnstatite9.DA.05Mg2Si2O6
ⓘAugite
var. Asteroite		9.DA.15(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
ⓘ9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘDiopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘActinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘTremolite9.DE.10◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘTalc9.EC.05Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘPyrophyllite9.EC.10Al2Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘMuscovite
var. Illite		9.EC.15K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
ⓘ9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘvar. Sericite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘPhlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘClinochlore9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘvar. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore9.EC.55Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
ⓘKaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘAntigorite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘLizardite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘOrthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘAlbite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘvar. Oligoclase9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘAnalcime9.GB.05Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Unclassified
ⓘ'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5(T8O22)W2
ⓘ'Asbestos'-
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'-
ⓘ'Clinoptilolite Subgroup'-(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup
var. Hornblende'		-AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ'Orthochrysotile'-Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ'Tourmaline'-AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
ⓘ'Scapolite'-
ⓘ'Hornblende Root Name Group'-◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'K Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
ⓘ'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3A
ⓘ'Olivine Group'-M2SiO4
ⓘ'Serpentine Subgroup
var. Serpentine Jade'		-D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Hⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hⓘ BruciteMg(OH)2
Hⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Hⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Hⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Hⓘ HydromagnesiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
Hⓘ HydrotalciteMg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
Hⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Hⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Hⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ OrthochrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Hⓘ SzaibélyiteMgBO2(OH)
Hⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Hⓘ Zoisite var. Tanzanite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Hⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Hⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Hⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Serpentine JadeD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Hⓘ UviteCaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
BBoron
Bⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Bⓘ SuaniteMg2[B2O5]
Bⓘ SzaibélyiteMgBO2(OH)
Bⓘ TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Bⓘ Warwickite(Mg,Ti,Fe,Al)2O(BO3)
Bⓘ UviteCaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
CCarbon
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cⓘ HydromagnesiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
Cⓘ HydrotalciteMg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
Cⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Cⓘ SideriteFeCO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5(T8O22)W2
Oⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Oⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Oⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ Augite var. Asteroite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Oⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oⓘ BruciteMg(OH)2
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ ChangbaiitePbNb2O6
Oⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Oⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Oⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Oⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Oⓘ HumiteMg7(SiO4)3F2
Oⓘ HydromagnesiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
Oⓘ HydrotalciteMg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
Oⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Oⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Oⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Oⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ Monazite-(Nd)Nd(PO4)
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ OrthochrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ PericlaseMgO
Oⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Oⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oⓘ SuaniteMg2[B2O5]
Oⓘ SzaibélyiteMgBO2(OH)
Oⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Oⓘ Zoisite var. Tanzanite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Oⓘ TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Oⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Oⓘ Warwickite(Mg,Ti,Fe,Al)2O(BO3)
Oⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Zircon var. HyacinthZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Oⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Oⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Oⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Oⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
Oⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Oⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Serpentine JadeD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Oⓘ UviteCaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ Forsterite var. Jian forsterite jadeMg2SiO4
FFluorine
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Fⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Fⓘ HumiteMg7(SiO4)3F2
NaSodium
Naⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Naⓘ Augite var. Asteroite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Naⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Naⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ Augite var. Asteroite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Mgⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgⓘ BruciteMg(OH)2
Mgⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mgⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Mgⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Mgⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Mgⓘ HumiteMg7(SiO4)3F2
Mgⓘ HydromagnesiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
Mgⓘ HydrotalciteMg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
Mgⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Mgⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Mgⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Mgⓘ OrthochrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ PericlaseMgO
Mgⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Mgⓘ SuaniteMg2[B2O5]
Mgⓘ SzaibélyiteMgBO2(OH)
Mgⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Mgⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Mgⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Mgⓘ Warwickite(Mg,Ti,Fe,Al)2O(BO3)
Mgⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Mgⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Serpentine JadeD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Mgⓘ UviteCaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Mgⓘ Forsterite var. Jian forsterite jadeMg2SiO4
AlAluminium
Alⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Alⓘ Augite var. Asteroite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Alⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Alⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Alⓘ HydrotalciteMg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
Alⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Alⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Alⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Alⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Alⓘ Zoisite var. Tanzanite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Alⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Alⓘ Warwickite(Mg,Ti,Fe,Al)2O(BO3)
Alⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Alⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Alⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Serpentine JadeD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Alⓘ UviteCaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
SiSilicon
Siⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Siⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ Augite var. Asteroite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Siⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Siⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Siⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Siⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Siⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Siⓘ HumiteMg7(SiO4)3F2
Siⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Siⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Siⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ OrthochrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Siⓘ Zoisite var. Tanzanite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Siⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Siⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ Zircon var. HyacinthZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Siⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Siⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Siⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Siⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Siⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Serpentine JadeD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Siⓘ UviteCaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ Forsterite var. Jian forsterite jadeMg2SiO4
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ Monazite-(Nd)Nd(PO4)
Pⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
SSulfur
Sⓘ AcanthiteAg2S
Sⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Sⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Sⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Sⓘ BismuthiniteBi2S3
Sⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Sⓘ CinnabarHgS
Sⓘ CobaltpentlanditeCo9S8
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Sⓘ MilleriteNiS
Sⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
Sⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Sⓘ PyrargyriteAg3SbS3
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Sⓘ Native SulphurS8
Sⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Sⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
ClChlorine
Clⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
KPotassium
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Kⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Caⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Caⓘ Augite var. Asteroite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Caⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Caⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Caⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Caⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Caⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Caⓘ Zoisite var. Tanzanite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Caⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Caⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
Caⓘ UviteCaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ Augite var. Asteroite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Tiⓘ TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Tiⓘ Warwickite(Mg,Ti,Fe,Al)2O(BO3)
CrChromium
Crⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
MnManganese
Mnⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Serpentine JadeD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
FeIron
Feⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Feⓘ Augite var. Asteroite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Feⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ AwaruiteNi3Fe
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feⓘ LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Feⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Feⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Feⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Feⓘ VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Feⓘ Warwickite(Mg,Ti,Fe,Al)2O(BO3)
Feⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Feⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Serpentine JadeD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
CoCobalt
Coⓘ CobaltpentlanditeCo9S8
NiNickel
Niⓘ AwaruiteNi3Fe
Niⓘ MeloniteNiTe2
Niⓘ MilleriteNiS
Niⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Niⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Niⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Serpentine JadeD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
CuCopper
Cuⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Cuⓘ Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
ZnZinc
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Znⓘ Serpentine Subgroup var. Serpentine JadeD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
AsArsenic
Asⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Asⓘ SperrylitePtAs2
ZrZirconium
Zrⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Zrⓘ Zircon var. HyacinthZr(SiO4)
NbNiobium
Nbⓘ ChangbaiitePbNb2O6
MoMolybdenum
Moⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
PdPalladium
Pdⓘ MerenskyitePdTe2
Pdⓘ MicheneritePdBiTe
AgSilver
Agⓘ AcanthiteAg2S
Agⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Agⓘ HessiteAg2Te
Agⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
Agⓘ PyrargyriteAg3SbS3
SnTin
Snⓘ Native TinSn
SbAntimony
Sbⓘ PyrargyriteAg3SbS3
TeTellurium
Teⓘ HessiteAg2Te
Teⓘ MeloniteNiTe2
Teⓘ MerenskyitePdTe2
Teⓘ MicheneritePdBiTe
Teⓘ MoncheitePt(Te,Bi)2
Teⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
BaBarium
Baⓘ BaryteBaSO4
NdNeodymium
Ndⓘ Monazite-(Nd)Nd(PO4)
PtPlatinum
Ptⓘ MoncheitePt(Te,Bi)2
Ptⓘ SperrylitePtAs2
AuGold
Auⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Auⓘ Native GoldAu
Auⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
HgMercury
Hgⓘ CinnabarHgS
PbLead
Pbⓘ ChangbaiitePbNb2O6
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
BiBismuth
Biⓘ Native BismuthBi
Biⓘ BismuthiniteBi2S3
Biⓘ MicheneritePdBiTe
Biⓘ MoncheitePt(Te,Bi)2

Fossils

There are 123 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences123
Youngest Fossil Listed113 Ma (Early/Lower Cretaceous)
Oldest Fossil Listed485 Ma (Cambrian)
Stratigraphic UnitsClick here to view 15 stratigraphic units.
Fossils from RegionClick here to show the list.
Accepted NameHierarchy Age
Archaeoscyphia
genus		Animalia : Porifera : Anthaspidellidae : Archaeoscyphia478.6 - 466 Ma
Ordovician
Donaldiella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lophospiridae : Donaldiella478.6 - 460.9 Ma
Ordovician
Lophospira
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lophospiridae : Lophospira478.6 - 460.9 Ma
Ordovician
Michelinoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Orthoceratidae : Michelinoceras478.6 - 460.9 Ma
Ordovician
Sactoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Nautilidae : Sactoceras478.6 - 460.9 Ma
Ordovician
Stereoplasmoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Stereoplasmoceratidae : Stereoplasmoceras478.6 - 460.9 Ma
Ordovician
Tofangoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Proteoceratidae : Tofangoceras478.6 - 466 Ma
Ordovician
Actinoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Actinoceratidae : Actinoceras478.6 - 460.9 Ma
Ordovician
Armenoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Armenoceratidae : Armenoceras478.6 - 460.9 Ma
Ordovician
Ordosoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Polydesmiidae : Ordosoceras478.6 - 466 Ma
Ordovician
Ormoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ormoceratidae : Ormoceras478.6 - 460.9 Ma
Ordovician
Polydesmia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Polydesmiidae : Polydesmia478.6 - 466 Ma
Ordovician
Wutinoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Armenoceratidae : Wutinoceras478.6 - 466 Ma
Ordovician
Cameroceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Endoceratidae : Cameroceras478.6 - 466 Ma
Ordovician
Clitendoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Proterocameroceratidae : Clitendoceras478.6 - 466 Ma
Ordovician
Manchuroceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Manchuroceratidae : Manchuroceras478.6 - 466 Ma
Ordovician
Parapiloceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Piloceratidae : Parapiloceras478.6 - 466 Ma
Ordovician
Trocholites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Trocholitidae : Trocholites478.6 - 460.9 Ma
Ordovician
Geragnostus
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Agnostida : Metagnostidae : Geragnostus485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Leiostegium
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Corynexochida : Leiostegiidae : Leiostegium485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Asaphellus
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Asaphida : Asaphidae : Asaphellus485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Basilicus
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Asaphida : Asaphidae : Basilicus466 - 460.9 Ma
Middle Ordovician
Onychopyge
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Asaphida : Ceratopygidae : Onychopyge485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Symphysurus
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Asaphida : Nileidae : Symphysurus485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Apatokephalops
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Ptychopariida : Apatokephalops485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Jiia
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Ptychopariida : Jiia485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Yosimuraspis
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Ptychopariida : Yosimuraspis485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Hystricurus
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Aulacopleurida : Hystricuridae : Hystricurus485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Adelograptus
genus		Animalia : Hemichordata : Graptolithina : Anisograptidae : Adelograptus485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Anisograptus
genus		Animalia : Hemichordata : Graptolithina : Dendroidea : Anisograptus485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Callograptus
genus		Animalia : Hemichordata : Pterobranchia : Dendrograptidae : Callograptus485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Dendrograptus
genus		Animalia : Hemichordata : Pterobranchia : Dendrograptidae : Dendrograptus485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Desmograptus
genus		Animalia : Hemichordata : Pterobranchia : Dendrograptidae : Desmograptus485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Dictyonema
genus		Animalia : Hemichordata : Pterobranchia : Dendrograptidae : Dictyonema485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Kiaerograptus
genus		Animalia : Hemichordata : Graptolithina : Anisograptidae : Kiaerograptus485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Dinosauria
order		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Elatocladus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Podocarpaceae : Elatocladus163.5 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Coniopteris
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Cyatheales : Dicksoniaceae : Coniopteris174.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Cladophlebis
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Osmundales : Osmundaceae : Cladophlebis174.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Taeniopteris
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadales : Crossozamiaceae : Taeniopteris254.17 - 145 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pterophyllum
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Cycadopsida : Pterophyllum174.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Changpeipus carbonicus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Changpeipus : Changpeipus carbonicus201.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Viviparus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Viviparidae : Viviparus125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cuneopsis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Unionidae : Cuneopsis163.5 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Airograptus
genus		Animalia : Hemichordata : Graptolithina : Dendroidea : Airograptus485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Nakamuranaia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nakamuranaia163.5 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Nippononaia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigonioididae : Nippononaia163.5 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Equisetites
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Equisetaceae : Equisetites174.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Penchiopsis
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Asaphida : Asaphidae : Penchiopsis485.4 - 477.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Czekanowskia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Czekanowskiaceae : Czekanowskia163.5 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Nilsonia
genus		Plantae : Cycadophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadales : Nilsonia174.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Sinamia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Sinamiidae : Sinamia125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Lycoptera davidi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Leptolepidiformes : Leptolepididae : Lycoptera : Lycoptera davidi125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ordosemys liaoxiensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Sinemydidae : Ordosemys : Ordosemys liaoxiensis125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ephemeropsis trisetalis
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Ephemeroptera : Hexagenitidae : Ephemeropsis : Ephemeropsis trisetalis125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Solenites
genus		Plantae : Ginkgophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Czekanowskiales : Solenites163.5 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Samaroblatta frondoidis
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea : Mesoblattinidae : Samaroblatta : Samaroblatta frondoidis174.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Podozamites
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Podocarpaceae : Podozamites174.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Ginkgoites
genus		Plantae : Ginkgophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Ginkgoales : Ginkgoites174.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Pityophyllum
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Ginkgoales : Ginkgoaceae : Pityophyllum174.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Baiera
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Ginkgoales : Karkeniaceae : Baiera125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Neocalamites
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Calamitaceae : Neocalamites174.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Ampyx punctolineatus
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Asaphida : Raphiophoridae : Ampyx : Ampyx punctolineatus466 - 460.9 Ma
Middle Ordovician
Basilicus jinlini
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Asaphida : Asaphidae : Basilicus : Basilicus jinlini466 - 460.9 Ma
Middle Ordovician
Anomozamites
genus		Anomozamites174.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Fossil LocalitiesClick to show 12 fossil localities

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonghua
Wikidata ID:Q92324
GeoNames ID:2034414

Localities in this Region

China
China

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Amur PlateTectonic Plate
AsiaContinent
China
Eurasian Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Chenghuan Jiang (1983): Japan-twin quartz crystals occurring in the area of Tonghua, Jilin Province. Acta Mineralogica Sinica 3(2), 161.
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