Detachment No. 8, Comprehensive Geological Brigade of Tonghua Region and the Laboratory of Petrology and Mineralogy Laboratory and Jilin Institute of Geological Science (1978): Changbaiite (PbNb2O6), a new mineral of lead and niobium from eastern Kirin, China. Acta Geologica Sinica 52(1), 53-62 (in Chinese with English abstract).

Classification of ChangbaiiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

4.DF.10

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
F : With large (+- medium-sized) cations; dimers and trimers of edgesharing octahedra

Dana 8th ed.:

8.3.11.1

8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
3 : AB₂O₆

Hey's CIM Ref.:

18.1.24

18 : Niobates and Tantalates
1 : Niobates and tantalates containing neither rare earths nor U

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Chg	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of ChangbaiiteHide

Lustre:

Adamantine, Pearly

Transparency:

Transparent, Translucent

Colour:

Colorless, cream-white, pale brown, yellowish brown, pale yellowish green.

Streak:

White

Hardness:

5½ on Mohs scale

Hardness:

VHN₁₀₀=472 - Vickers

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

Perfect
{0001}, perfect; one rhombohedral, distinct.

Fracture:

Hackly, Conchoidal

Density:

6.48 g/cm³ (Measured) 6.51 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of ChangbaiiteHide

Type:

Uniaxial (+)

RI values:

n_ω = 2.476 n_ε = 2.485

Max. Birefringence:

δ = 0.009
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Thickness: 30 µm

Rotation:

Surface Relief:

Moderate

Chemistry of ChangbaiiteHide

Mindat Formula:

PbNb₂O₆

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
Pb	42.371 %
Nb	37.998 %
O	19.631 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Nb, O, Pb - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of ChangbaiiteHide

Crystal System:

Trigonal

Class (H-M):

3m - Ditrigonal Pyramidal

Space Group:

R3m

Cell Parameters:

a = 10.51 Å, c = 11.55 Å

Ratio:

a:c = 1 : 1.099

Unit Cell V:

1,104.89 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Crystal StructureHide

Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4

View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c

Rotation
Stop | Start

Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow

Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0018892	Changbaiite	Mahe R (1967) Etude structurale du metaniobate de plombe rhomboedrique II. - Positions des atomes Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France 1967 1879-1884		1967	synthetic	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Changbaiite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Mahe R'
_journal_name_full 'Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France'
_journal_volume 1967 
_journal_year 1967
_journal_page_first 1879
_journal_page_last 1884
_publ_section_title
;
 Etude structurale du metaniobate de plombe rhomboedrique
 II. - Positions des atomes
;
_database_code_amcsd 0018892
_chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Pb Nb2 O6'
_cell_length_a 10.501
_cell_length_b 10.501
_cell_length_c 11.555
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 120
_cell_volume 1103.474
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      6.623
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'R 3 m'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '2/3+x,1/3+y,1/3+z'
  '1/3+x,2/3+y,2/3+z'
  'x,x-y,z'
  '2/3+x,1/3+x-y,1/3+z'
  '1/3+x,2/3+x-y,2/3+z'
  '-y,-x,z'
  '2/3-y,1/3-x,1/3+z'
  '1/3-y,2/3-x,2/3+z'
  '-x+y,y,z'
  '2/3-x+y,1/3+y,1/3+z'
  '1/3-x+y,2/3+y,2/3+z'
  '-y,x-y,z'
  '2/3-y,1/3+x-y,1/3+z'
  '1/3-y,2/3+x-y,2/3+z'
  '-x+y,-x,z'
  '2/3-x+y,1/3-x,1/3+z'
  '1/3-x+y,2/3-x,2/3+z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Pb1   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000   0.00595
Pb2   0.00000   0.00000   0.35710   0.00595
Pb3   0.00000   0.00000   0.66890   0.00595
Nb   0.34530   0.34780   0.16290   0.00887
O1   0.37100   0.31400   0.01600   0.02533
O2   0.57200   0.42800   0.16500   0.03800
O3   0.83400   0.16600   0.20000   0.03800
O4   0.42500   0.57500   0.19300   0.03800
O5   0.11400   0.88600   0.12900   0.03800

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
3.100 Å	(10)
3.028 Å	(9)
1.760 Å	(6)
2.160 Å	(5)
1.621 Å	(5)
1.919 Å	(4)
1.745 Å	(3)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4a: Earth’s earliest continental crust	>4.4-3.0
19 : Granitic intrusive rocks
Near-surface Processes
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47)

Type Occurrence of ChangbaiiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Mt Gang, Ji'an Co., Tonghua, Jilin, China

General Appearance of Type Material:

Tabular crystals or spherules, to 5 mm.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

“Museum of Geology”, location unstated [Beijing, China]

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

K Feldspar

Kaolinite

Quartz

Reference:

Other Language Names for ChangbaiiteHide

Dutch:Changbaiiet

German:Changbaiit

Spanish:Changbaiita

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

4.DF.05	Aeschynite-(Ce)	Ce(TiNb)O₆	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pmna
4.DF.05	Aeschynite-(Nd)	Nd(TiNb)O₆	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.DF.05	Aeschynite-(Y)	Y(TiNb)O₆	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pmna
4.DF.05	Tantalaeschynite-(Y)	Y(TiTa)O₆	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.DF.05	Vigezzite	CaNb₂O₆	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.DF.05	Rynersonite	CaTa₂O₆	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.DF.05	Yulinite	SrNb₂O₆	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
4.DF.15	Murataite-(Y)	(Y,Na)₆Zn(Zn,Fe³⁺)₄(Ti,Nb,Na)₁₂O₂₉(O,F,OH)₁₀F₄	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for ChangbaiiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-968.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

Mineral Dealers:

Buy from D. Joyce minerals

References for ChangbaiiteHide

Reference List:

Comptes rendu de l’Académie des sciences de Paris 263C, 217-219.

(2005) Changbaiite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for ChangbaiiteHide

Showing 6 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Canada
ⓘ Strange Lake Alkalic Complex (Strange Lake Complex; Lac Brisson Complex)	Miller (2021)

China (TL)
Jilin Tonghua Ji'an Co. ⓘ Mt Gang (TL)	Detachment No. 8 (1978)
Shaanxi Weinan Huayin City ⓘ Huayangchuan U-Nb-Pb deposit	Yan et al. (2018)

Egypt
New Valley Governorate ⓘ Nusab El Balgum	Mahmoud et al. (2018)

USA
Texas Hudspeth County ⓘ Sierra Blanca Peaks	Am. Min. 74:865-869 (1989)
ⓘ Round Top prospects	O'Neill (2014) +1 other reference

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Changbaiite

About ChangbaiiteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of ChangbaiiteHide