ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”
ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื—ื‘ืจ ืกืคืจื ื™ื
  

ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ (1886ึพ1956)

 <ื‘ื”ื›ื ื”>

David Shimoni

ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ (ืฉืžืขื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ) ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื‘ื•ื‘ืจื•ื™ืกืง, ื‘ืœืืจื•ืก, ื‘ื›"ื ื‘ืื‘ ืชืจืž"ื•, 22 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1886, ื‘ื” ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืขื‘ืจื™ ื•ื›ืœืœื™. ื‘-1908 ืขื‘ืจ ืœืกื˜. ืคื˜ืจื‘ื•ืจื’ ื•ื‘ื” ืขืžื“ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช. ื‘-1909 ืขืœื” ืืจืฆื” ื•ืขืฉื” ื‘ื” ื›ืฉื ื”. ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื• ืขื‘ื“ ื›ืฉื•ืžืจ ื•ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื—ืงืœืื™ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืคืชื— ืชืงื•ื•ื”. ื—ื–ืจ ืœืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื•ืœืžื“ ื‘ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื•ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช ื‘ืจืœื™ืŸ, ื”ื™ื™ื“ืœื‘ืจื’ ื•ื•ื™ืจืฆื‘ื•ืจื’ ืฉื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”. ืขื ืคืจื•ืฅ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื™ืฆื ืืช ื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ื“ืจืš ื”ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืกืงื ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื–ืจ ืœืจื•ืกื™ื”. ืืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืžื•ืœื“ืชื•, ื‘ืกื˜. ืคื˜ืจื‘ื•ืจื’, ื‘ื” ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื— ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ืจืฆื” ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. ืขื ืจืืฉื™ืช ื”ืžื”ืคื›ื” ื”ื‘ื•ืœืฉื‘ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืขื‘ืจ ืœืžื•ืกืงื‘ื” ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ "ื”ืขื" ืื•ืœื ื”ืžื”ืคื›ื” ืกื™ื›ืœื” ืืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ื–ืจ ืœื‘ื•ื‘ืจื•ื™ืกืง ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื” ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืœืฆืืช ืืช ืจื•ืกื™ื” ื•ื“ืจืš ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ืกื•ื›ื•ืช ืชืจืค"ื ืœืืจืฅ. ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืชืจืค"ื” ื”ืฉืชืงืข ื‘ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื›ืžื•ืจื” ืœืชื "ืš ื•ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืžื ืกื™ื” "ื”ืจืฆืœื™ื”". ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืขืกืง ื‘ืขืกืงื ื•ืช ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ืช ื•ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช (ื‘ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื›ื™ื•ืฉื‘-ืจืืฉ, ื™ื•ืฉื‘-ืจืืฉ "ื’ื ื–ื™ื", ื•ืขื“ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ, ื™ื•"ืจ ืื’ื•ื“ืช ืฉื•ื—ืจื™ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื•ื“), ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืกืง ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ "ื“ื‘ืจ" ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช. 
ืกื•ื’ื™ ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™ื•: ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืœื™ืจื™ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจื™ ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื ื•ืฃ, ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื•ืช, ืžืฉืœื™ื ืกืื˜ื™ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ื’ื•ืช. ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืžืฉืœื™ื• ืœืงื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื ืžืชืงื•ืคืช ืžืื‘ืง ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืขื ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžื ื“ื˜. ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื” "ืžืฆื‘ื”" ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื• ืคืจืก ื‘ื™ืืœื™ืง ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืจืฆ"ื•. ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ื•' ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉื™"ื–, 10 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1956.
[ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช: ืงืจืกืœ, ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”, ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ืื•ืคืง ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืœืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื, ืœืขืงืกื™ืงืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ืขืจ ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืื˜ื•ืจ, Yiddish Leksikon ืชื“ื”ืจ, ะญะปะตะบั‚ั€ะพะฝะฝะฐั ะตะฒั€ะตะนัะบะฐั ัะฝั†ะธะบะปะพะฟะตะดะธั]

ืกืคืจื™ื•:
  • ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ื›ืจื : ืฉื‘ืจื™ ืžื—ื–ื•ืช (ืื•ื“ื™ืกื” : ื“ืคื•ืก ื”ื™ื™ืœืคืจื™ืŸ, ืชืจ"ืข-ืชืจืข"ื) <ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืžืชื•ืš "ื”ืฉืœื—", ื›"ื”>
  • ื™ืฉื™ืžื•ืŸ : ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ื•ืจืฉื” : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืชืจืข"ื)
  • ืกืขืจ ื•ื“ืžืžื” : ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ื•ืจืฉื” : ืชื•ืฉื™ื”, ืชืจืข"ื‘)
  • ื‘ื™ืขืจ ื‘ื—ื“ืจื” : ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื” (ื™ืคื• : ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ, ืชืจืค"ื)
  • ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื”ืขื’ืœื•ื ื™ื : ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื” (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ, ืชืจืค"ื’)
  • ืžืื’ื“ื•ืช ืฆืคืช (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ, ืชืจืค"ื’)
  • ื›ืชื‘ื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืจืค"ื”-ืชืจืฆ"ื‘ 1931) <4 ื›ืจ'. ื›ืจืš ื: ืฉื™ืจื™ื. โ€“ ื›ืจืš ื‘: ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื•ืช โ€“ ื›ืจืš ื’: ืคื•ืืžื•ืช. โ€“ ื›ืจืš ื“: ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ืคื•ืืžื•ืช>
  • ืœืงื˜ : ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื” (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืจืค"ื˜)
  • ืžืœื—ืžืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ : ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื” (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืจืค"ื˜)
  • ืื’ื“ื•ืช ืฆืคืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืจ"ืฅ) <ืฉื™ืจื™ื>
  • ื’ืœืขื“ : ืœืฉื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ื‘ืื‘ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจ"ืฅ) <ืฉื™ืจื™ื>
  • ื. ื–ืงื ื•ืช -- ื‘. ื”ื ื’ื•ืŸ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืืžื ื•ืช, ืชืจ"ืฅ)
  • ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืืžื ื•ืช, 1936)
  • ืฉื™ืื•ื ื” : ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื” (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื“ืคื•ืก "ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ", ืชืจืฆ"ื• 1936)
  • ืžืฆื‘ื” : ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื” (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื“ืคื•ืก ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ, ืชืจืฆ"ื–) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ>
  • ื“ื™ ืžืฆื‘ื” : ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ืข (ื•ื•ืืจืฉืข : ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื—ืœื•ืฅ, 1937) <ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจืขืื™ืฉ - ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื–ืึทืจืึธืžื‘>
  • ื—ืœื•ืฆื™ื (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื“ืคื•ืก ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ, ืชืจืฆ"ื—) <ืฉื™ืจ>
  • ืจืกื™ืกื™ ืœื™ืœื” : ืคื•ืื™ืžื” (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื“ืคื•ืก ื’ื•ื˜ื ื‘ืจื’, ืช"ืฉ) <ืคื•ืจืกื ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš "ื›ื ืกืช" ืชืจืฆ"ื˜>
  • ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœืื™ ืฉื : ืคื•ืื™ืžื” (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืคืœื’ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืชืฉ"ื“)
  • ืกืคืจ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื•ืช (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืกื“ื”, ืชืฉ"ื“)
  • ืื”ื‘ืช ืฉืœืžื” : ืคื•ืื™ืžื” ื“ืจืžืชื™ืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืกื“ื”, ืชืฉ"ื”)
  • ืืจืžื™ืœื•ืก ื”ืจืฉืข : ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœืฉื” ืคืจืงื™ื (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืกื“ื”, ืชืฉ"ื”)
  • ืืฉืช ืื™ื•ื‘ : ืคื•ืื™ืžื” ืชื "ื›ื™ืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืกื“ื”, ืชืฉ"ื”)
  • ื‘ื—ืฉืื™ : ืคืจืงื™ ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉ"ื”)
  • ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื‘ืจ : ืžืฉืœื™ื ื•ืกื˜ื™ืจื•ืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืกื“ื”, ืชืฉ"ื•) <ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืืจื™ื” ื ื‘ื•ืŸ>
  • ื•ืืœื” ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื•ื“ --- : ืคื•ืื™ืžื” (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™' ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™, ืชืฉ"ื–)
  • ืžื•ืœื“ืช : ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืกืคื•ืจื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืกื“ื”, ืชืฉ"ื–)
  • ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืกื“ื”, ืชืฉ"ื˜-ืชืฉื™"ื“) 3 ื›ืจ'.
  • ืืกื™ืฃ : ืžื‘ื—ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืคืจื•ื–ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืกืคืจ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืกื“ื”, ืชืฉื™"ื) <ื”ื•ื‘ื ืœื“ืคื•ืก ืข"ื™ ืฆ' ื™ืจื“ื ื™ ื•ืž' ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ>
  • ื—ื‘ืœื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— : ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ืคื•ืื™ืžื•ืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™' ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™, ืชืฉื™"ื‘)
  • ืกืคืจ ื”ืคื•ืืžื•ืช (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืกื“ื”, ืชืฉื™"ื‘)
  • ืคืจืงื™ ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืœื™ื“ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ,  ืชืฉื™"ื’ 1953)
  • ืžืขืœ ื”ื“ื•ื›ืŸ : ื ืื•ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืกื“ื”, ืชืฉื™"ื–) <2 ื›ืจ'. ื—ืœืง ื: ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช -- ื—ืœืง ื‘: ืื ืฉื™ื>
  • ืžื‘ื—ืจ ื›ืชื‘ื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืฉ"ืš) <"ืžื‘ื—ืจ ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืžืชื•ืš ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืช ื”ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ื›ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื™ืฆืื” ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžืกื“ื”"; ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ: ืกืคืจ 1. ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื•ืช, ืคื•ืื™ืžื•ืช, ื‘ืœื“ื•ืช. -- ืกืคืจ 2. ืžืฉืœื™ื ื•ืกืื˜ื™ืจื•ืช, ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืœื™ืจื™ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืกื ื”, ืคื–ืžื•ื ื™ ืขื, ื‘ื—ืฉืื™>
  • ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืขื ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืชืฉื›"ื”) <ืœื™ืงื˜, ื”ืงื“ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืžืฉื” ื’ื™ืœ; ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™, ื•ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื•>
ืชืจื’ื•ื:
  • ืฉื™ืจื™ื / ืž' ืœืจืžื ื˜ื•ื‘ (ื™ืคื• : ื™ืคืช, ืชืจืข"ื)
  • ื—ื’'ื™ ืžื•ืจื˜ / ืžืืช ืœ.ื . ื˜ื•ืœืกื˜ื•ื™ (ืžื•ืกืงื‘ื” : ื.ื™. ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ืœ, ืชืจืข"ื—)
  • ื”ืงื•ื–ืงื™ื / ืžืืช ืœ"ื  ื˜ื•ืœืกื˜ื•ื™ (ืžื•ืกืงื‘ื” : ื"ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ืœ, ืชืจืข"ื˜)
  • ื”ื ืกื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ืจื™ ื”ืจืฅ / ืžืืช ื”ื™ื ืจื™ืš ื”ื™ื ื” (ื•ืจืฉื” : ื"ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ืœ, ืชืจ"ืฃ)
  • ืคื•ืืžื•ืช ื“ืจืžืชื™ื•ืช / ืžืืช ื"ืก ืคื•ืฉืงื™ืŸ (ื•ืจืฉื” : ื"ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ืœ, ืชืจ"ืฃ)
  • ื’ื‘ื•ืจ ื“ื•ืจื ื• / ืžืืช ืž"ื™ ืœืจืžื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ (ื•ืจืฉื” : ื"ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ืœ, ืชืจืค"ื)
  • ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื : ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืœื™ืจื™ื™ื, ืคื•ืืžื•ืช ; ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื“ื•ืจื ื• / ืžืืช ืœ"ื™ ืœืจืžื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืžื•ืกื“ ื‘ื™ืืœื™ืง, 1956)
ืขืจื™ื›ื”:
  • ืกืคืจ ื”ืฉื ื” ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืชืจืค"ื’-ืชืจืค"ื•) <ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื' ืฆืคืจื•ื ื™, ื•ื"ื– ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ>
ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืžืฉื™ืจื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™:

ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•:

  • ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™, ืฉืžื•ืืœ.  ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื : ืื”ื‘ืช ื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื“ื•ื“  (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืจืžืœ, ืชืฉืก"ื‘ 2002) <ืืกื•ืคืช ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ื•ื“ื™ื ื” ืคืคื™ืจืžื™ื™ืกื˜ืจ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื 1910ึพ1920>
    ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ:
    • ืืœืžื•ื’, ืจื•ืช.  ื“ืฃ ื™ื•ืžืŸ, ื™ื•ื ื™ 2002.   ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื™' ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉืก"ื‘, 19 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2002, ืขืž' ื” 2 <ืจืฉืžื™ื ืžืกื™ื•ืจ ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”, ื•ืกืงื™ืจื” ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืกืคืจื• ืฉืœ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ "ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื: ืื”ื‘ืช ื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื“ื•ื“">
    • ืืœืžื•ื’, ืจื•ืช.  ื›ื—ื›ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื”.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื™"ื– ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉืก"ื‘, 26 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2002, ืขืž' ื” 2.
    • ืจื•ื ืŸ-ื’ืจืฅ, ืžื™ืจื‘.  ื”ื™ื‘ื•ื ืคืขื ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ื™?  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœ' 518 (ื›"ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืก"ื’, 29 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2003), ืขืž' 11, 13.
  • ืื‘ื™ื–ืžืจ, ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ.  ื‘ืŸ ืชื™ืžืŸ ื‘ื›ืจื ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™.  ื“ื‘ืจ, ื˜' ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื™"ื–, 11 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1957, ืขืž' 5.
  • ืื‘ืŸ-ืฉื•ืฉืŸ, ืฉืœืžื”.  ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉื”ืœื›ื•.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื : ื‘ืกื•ื“ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื•ืกืคืจื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืœ"ื˜), ืขืž' 45ึพ48 <ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืž' 47, ื•ืจืื” ื’ื ื‘ืžืคืชื—>
  • ืืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืจื”ื.  ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืกื•ืคืจื™ื : ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืกื” ื•ื‘ืงื•ืจืช (ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง : ืขื•ื’ืŸ, ืชืจืฆ"ื” 1934), ืขืž'  ืงืœื‘-ืงืžื– <ื ื—ืชื: ืกื™-ื’ื™ื™ื˜, ืชืจืค"ื˜>
  • ืืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืจื”ื.  ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืžืงืจื•ื‘ ื•ืžืจื—ื•ืง : ืคืจืงื™ ืžืกื” ื•ื‘ืงื•ืจืช (ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง : ืื•ื”ืœ, ืชืฉ"ื“ 1943), ืขืž' 237ึพ239.
  • ืืจืœื™ืš, ื™ืฉืจืืœ.  ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื•ื”ืฉืจ.  ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื‘' ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื™"ื–, 4 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1957, ืขืž' 5.
  • ืืฉ, ืฉื ื™ืื•ืจ ื–ืœืžืŸ.  ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ - ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ-ื”ื—ืœื•ืฅ : ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ื” ืœื”ื•ืœื“ืชื• ื•ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืžื•ืชื•.  ื‘ืฆืจื•ืŸ, ืฉื ื” ื›"ื—, ื›ืจืš ื "ื”, ื—ื•ื‘' ื‘ (262) (ื›ืกืœื•-ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉื›"ื–, ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ-ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1966), ืขืž'  115ึพ117, 118.
  • ื‘ื•ืกืืง, ืžืื™ืจ.  ืขืœ ืฆืขืจ ื”ื—ืœื•ืฃ ื‘ืฉื™ืจืช ื“. ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™.  ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืœืืžื ื•ืช, ื˜"ื• ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉื›"ื‘, 22 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1961, ืขืž' 7, 8.
  • ื‘ืœืื˜, ืื‘ืจื”ื.  ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ื”ืชืจืคืงื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืœื“ืช.  ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื‘' ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื™"ื–, 4 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1957, ืขืž' 5 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืฉื: "ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ืžื•ืœื“ืช" ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืžื ื•ืจื”, ืชืฉื›"ื– 1967), ืขืž' 55ึพ58>
  • ื‘ืŸ-ื™ื•ืขืฅ, ืืœืขื–ืจ.  ืžื•ืจื™ ื•ืจื‘ื™.  ื“ื‘ืจ, ื˜' ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื™"ื–, 11 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1957, ืขืž' 5.
  • ื‘ืŸ-ืžื ื—ื, ืžืฉื”.  ื“ืžืžื” ื•ืกืขืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจืช ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™.  ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืื•ืจ : ืžืกื•ืช, ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™-ื‘ืงืจืช (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™ื‘ื ื”, ืชืฉื›"ื˜ 1969), ืขืž' 121ึพ126.
    •
  • ื‘ืจืฉ, ืืฉืจ. ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ. ื‘ืชื•ืš: ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืืฉืจ ื‘ืจืฉ, ื›ืจืš ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžืกื“ื”, ืชืฉื™"ื–), ืขืž' 26 <ื ื—ืชื: ืชืจืค"ื•>
  • ื‘ืจืฉ, ืืฉืจ.  ืื–ืจื— ื ืขื™ื. ื’ืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืจืš ื“', ื’ืœ' 10 (ืชืจืฆ"ื•), ืขืž' 246ึพ247 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืืฉืจ ื‘ืจืฉ, ื›ืจืš ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžืกื“ื”, ืชืฉื™"ื–), ืขืž' 26ึพ27>
  • ื’ื™ืœ, ืžืฉื”.  ืขืœ ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ : ืฉื ื” ืœืคื˜ื™ืจืชื•.  ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ื•' (ื›"ื˜), ื’ืœ' ื‘'  (ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉื™"ื—, ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1958), ืขืž' 114ึพ117 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื / ืขืจื™ื›ื”, ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืื•ื’ืจืืคื™ื” ืžื•ืขืจื” ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ืืœืงื•ืฉื™ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืก, ืชืฉ"ืœ), ืขืž' 118ึพ123>
  • ื’ื™ืœ, ืžืฉื”.  ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืฉื™ืจืชื• ื”ืœื™ืจื™ืช.  ื‘ืชื•ืš: ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉื™ืจื™ื / ืžืืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ; ืœื™ืงื˜, ื”ืงื“ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืžืฉื” ื’ื™ืœ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืขื ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืชืฉื›"ื”), ืขืž' 7-20 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื / ืขืจื™ื›ื”, ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืื•ื’ืจืืคื™ื” ืžื•ืขืจื” ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ืืœืงื•ืฉื™ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืก, ืชืฉ"ืœ), ืขืž' 123ึพ130>
  • ื”ืœื•ื™, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ืคืขืžื™ ืžืฉื™ื— : ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžืชื™ืžืŸ ื•ืชื•ืจืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื•ืกื— ื“' ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื•ืงืŸ ืขืฆืžื™ : ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžืชื™ืžืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช / ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืฉืœื•ื ืกืจื™ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขืžื•ืชืช 'ืืขืœื” ื‘ืชืžืจ', ืชืฉื "ื” 1995), ืขืž' 37ึพ56.
  • ื–ื”ืจื™, ืžื ื—ื.  ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื•ืช.  ืขื ื•ืกืคืจ, ื’ืœ' ื (7) (1957) <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ ืขื˜ : ื›ืชื‘ื™ื, ื—ืœืง ืฉืœื™ืฉื™: ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืชืฉืœ"ื• 1976), ืขืž' 85ึพ87>
  • ื–ื›ืื™, ื“ื•ื“ ื™.  ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื”ื›ืคืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจืช ื“. ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™.  ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื‘' ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื™"ื–, 4 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1957, ืขืž' 5.
  • ื–ืžื•ืจื”, ื™ืฉืจืืœ.  ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ : ืœื–ื›ืจ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™.  ื“ื‘ืจ, ื™"ื– ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉื™"ื–, 21 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1956, ืขืž' 5.
  • ื—ื‘ืจ, ื—ื ืŸ. ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื•ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”.  ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื—ื•ื‘' 2 (1992), ืขืž' 53ึพ68 <ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™>
  • ื—ืงืง, ื”ืจืฆืœ.  ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ืžื—ืคืฉ ืืช ืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืฆื—.  ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืค"ื’, ื’ืœ' 2 (ืกื™ื•ืŸ-ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืก"ื˜, ื™ื•ื ื™ 2009), ืขืž' 34.
  • ื™. ืฉ.  ืขืœ ื”ืœื™ืจื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ.  ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ, ืฉื ื” 19, ื’ืœ' 6 (ื›"ื• ื‘ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืจืค"ื•, 13 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1925), ืขืž' 13ึพ14.
  • ื™ื ื™ื‘, ืฉืœืžื”.  ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื”ื‘ืœื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื”ื‘ืœื“ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช : ืคืจืงื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื” (ื—ื™ืคื” : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื—ื™ืคื”, ืชืฉืž"ื• 1986), ืขืž' 206ึพ218.
  • ื›ืฆื ืœืกื•ืŸ-ืฉื–ืจ, ืจื—ืœ.  ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™.  ื‘ืกืคืจื” ืขืœ ืื“ืžืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช : ืžืกื•ืช ื•ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉื›"ื• 1966), ืขืž' 139ึพ143 <ื ื—ืชื: ืชืฉื›"ื 1961>
  • ืœืื•ืจ, ื“ืŸ. ื”ื•ืคืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” (ืžืกืช ืžื‘ื•ื). ื“ืคื™ื ืœืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื›ืจืš 8 (ืชืฉื "ื‘ 1991/92), ืขืž' 253ึพ270 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื”ืžืื‘ืง ืขืœ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ : ืžืกื•ืช ืขืœ ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืก"ื˜ 2009), ืขืž' 15ึพ33>
  • ืœืื•ืจ, ื“ืŸ.  ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ (ืฉืžืขื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ)โ€“ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื ืจ: ืกื™ืคื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช.  ืกืคืจ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืงื•ืŸ : ืคืจืงื™ ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืงืจ / ืขืจืš ืื”ืจืŸ ืงื•ืžื (ื‘ืืจ-ืฉื‘ืข : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸ-ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื‘, ืชืฉื "ื‘ 1992), ืขืž' 157ึพ201.
  • ืœื•ื–, ืฆื‘ื™. ื”ืื“ื ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืฉื“ื” : ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื™ ืื™ืœื ื•ืช ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ ื•ืœื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™. ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืžืฉื•ื•ืื•ืช ืฉื™ืจ : ืžืกื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื™ืช, ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืชื—ื™ื” (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขืงื“, ืชืฉืž"ื 1981), ืขืž' 53ึพ63 <ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจ ื“' ืžืชื•ืš ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื "ื—ืจื•ื–ื™ื" ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ ื•"ืœื ืขืฅ ืื ื—ื ื•" ืœื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™>
  • ืœื—ื•ื‘ืจ, ืคื™ืฉืœ. ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจืช ืฉืžืขื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ. ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” : ืžืกื•ืช ื•ืžืืžืจื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืฉื™"ื’ 1953), ืขืž' 61ึพ66 <ื ื—ืชื: ืชืจืฆ"ื•>
    •
  • ืžื™ื›ืœื™, ื‘. ื™.  ืขืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ : ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ืงืŸ ื•ืื™ืฉ ื”ื”ื’ื•ืช.  ื’ื–ื™ืช, ื›ืจืš ื™"ื’, ื’ืœ' ื•-ื™ (ืื“ืจ-ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉื™"ื“, ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ-ื™ื•ื ื™ 1954), ืขืž' 99ึพ100.
  • ืžื™ืจื•ืŸ, ื“ืŸ.  ืขื ืฉื™ืจื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™.  ื–ืžื ื™ื, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื›"ื” ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉื™"ื“, 28 ื‘ืžืื™ 1954, ืขืž' 5.
  • ืžืฉื™ื—, ืกืœื™ื ื”.  "ื™ืœื“ื•ืช" ื•"ื™ืœื“" - ืžื˜ืืคื•ืจื” ืคื™ื•ื˜ื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช.  ืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืขืจ, ืฉื ื” 26, ื—ื•ื‘' ื' (101) (ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉื "ื˜, ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1999), ืขืž' 60ึพ69 <ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ "ื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื" ืฉืคื•ืจืกื ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘'ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื', ื’ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืคืกื— ืชืจืฆ"ื˜ 1939>
  • ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”ื•, ืžืจื“ื›ื™.  ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื•ืช : ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื ื“ื‘ื›ื™ื: ืขื ืกื•ืคืจื™ ื“ื•ืจื™ : ืžืกื•ืช ื•ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืืœ"ืฃ, ืชืฉืœ"ื• 1975), ืขืž' 31ึพ38.
  • ืคื™ื›ืžืŸ, ื™ืขืงื‘.  ืœื–ื›ืจื• : ืžื‘ื•ื ืœืžืกื”.  ื“ื‘ืจ, ื˜' ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื™"ื–, 11 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1957, ืขืž' 5.
  • ืคืจื™ื“ืžืŸ, ื“ื•ื“ ืืจื™ื”.  ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ : ืœืจื’ืœื™ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ืจืš ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืชื‘ื™ื•.  ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ื’', ื’ืœ' ื™"ื˜ (ื›"ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืจืค"ื—, 17 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1928), ืขืž' 2ึพ3.
  • ืคืจื ืงืœ-ืžื“ืŸ, ืจื—ืœ.  "ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœืื™-ืฉื" ืžืืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ (ืฉืžืขื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ').  ื‘ืกืคืจื”: ืฉืžื—ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ : ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื” ื‘ืจืื™ื™ื” ืจื‘-ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืช / ืจื—ืœ ืคืจื ืงืœ-ืžื“ืŸ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ :ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืค"ืช, ืชืฉืก"ื’ 2003), ืขืž' 79ึพ150.
  • ืจื™ื‘ื•ืœื•ื‘, ืžื ื—ื.  ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ - ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื” ื”ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช.  ื”ื“ื•ืืจ, ืฉื ื” 27, ื’ืœ' ื’' (ื›"ื ื‘ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉ"ื–, 15 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1946), ืขืž' 56ึพ58.
  • ืจื™ื‘ื•ืœื•ื‘, ืžื ื—ื.  ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ืืจืฅ ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืขื ื”ื›ื“ ืืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืข : ืžืกื•ืช ื‘ืงืจืช (ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืขึนื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื”ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, 1950), ืขืž' 84ึพ120.
  • ืฉื”-ืœื‘ืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืืจืฆื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช (ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ื”). ืงื˜ื™ืฃ, ื›ืจืš ื’' (ืชืฉื›"ื”), ืขืž' 127ึพ137.
  • ืฉื–ืจ, ื–ืœืžืŸ.  ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ืขืœื™ื”.  ื“ื‘ืจ, ื˜' ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื™"ื–, 11 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1957, ืขืž' 5, 6 <ื”ืžืฉืš> * <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™ื : ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืกื” ื•ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืชืžื• (ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื”, ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ืช ื•ืžืชื•ืงื ืช) (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื”ืกืคืจื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ืชืฉืœ"ื’ 1973), ื›ืจืš ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืขืž' 201ึพ209>
  • ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื’, ื™ืขืงื‘.  ื”ืœื™ืจื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืจืค"ื— 1928), ืขืž' 211ึพ214.
    •
  • ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืจ, ืžืฉื”.  ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืžื•ืœื“ืช ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ : ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืคื˜ื™ืจืชื•.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื”ืชื—ื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืชื ื• : ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืžืืžืจื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืฆ'ืจื™ืงื•ื‘ืจ, 1982), ืขืž' 96ึพ101 <ืคื•ืจืกื ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘'ื”ื“ื•ืืจ'>
  • ืฉื˜ืจืื•ืก, ืืจื™ื” ืœ.  'ื”ืขืฆื™ืฅ' ืœื“ื•ื™ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช : ืขื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขืžื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืžื•ืกื“ ื‘ื™ืืœื™ืง, ืชืฉื™"ื˜ 1959), ืขืž' 317ึพ319.
  • ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™, ืฉืžื•ืืœ.  ืžื™ ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืฉื›ื—.  ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืค', ื’ืœ' 5ึพ6 (ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืก"ื–, ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2006), ืขืž' 6ึพ8 <ื”ื‘ืŸ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืขืœ ืื‘ื™ื•>
  • ืชื•ืจืŸ, ื—ื™ื™ื.  ืฉื™ืจื” ืœืฉืžื” : ืงื•ื™ื ืœื“ืžื•ืชื• ื”ืคื™ื•ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ โ€“ ืœื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.  ื‘ืฆืจื•ืŸ, ืฉื ื” ื™"ื˜, ื›ืจืš ืœ"ื–, ื—ื•ื‘' ื’' (199) (ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉื™"ื—, ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1958), ืขืž' 135ึพ138.
  • Silberschlag, Eisig. Singer of the desacralized land: David Shimoni. In his From renaissance to renaissance : Hebrew literature from 1492-1970 (New York : Ktav Publishing House, 1973-1977), vol. 2, pp. 16-21.
ืขืœ "ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื”ืขื’ืœื•ื ื™ื"
  • ื˜ืจืกื™-ื’ื™ื, ืืกืชืจ.  "ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื”ืขื’ืœื•ื ื™ื".  ื‘ืกืคืจื”: ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื–ื•ื˜ื : ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืกืคืจื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืขืจ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืž. ื ื™ื•ืžืŸ, ืชืฉื›"ื˜), ืขืž' 191ึพ192.
ืขืœ "ืžืฆื‘ื”"
ืขืœ "ืกืคืจ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื•ืช"
  • ื’ื™ืœ, ืžืฉื”.  ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ืืจืฅ.  ื’ืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืจืš ื™"ื˜, ื’ืœ' ื”'-ื•'  (ืื‘-ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉ"ื•), ืขืž' 191-194 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื / ืขืจื™ื›ื”, ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืื•ื’ืจืืคื™ื” ืžื•ืขืจื” ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ืืœืงื•ืฉื™ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืก, ืชืฉ"ืœ), ืขืž' 112ึพ116>
ืขืœ "ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื‘ืจ"
  • ื’ื™ืœ, ืžืฉื”.  ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื‘ืจ.  ื’ืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืจืš ื™"ื˜, ื’ืœ' ื‘'-ื’'  (ื ื™ืกืŸ-ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉ"ื•), ืขืž' 111-113 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื / ืขืจื™ื›ื”, ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืื•ื’ืจืืคื™ื” ืžื•ืขืจื” ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ืืœืงื•ืฉื™ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืก, ืชืฉ"ืœ), ืขืž' 109ึพ112>
  • ืชื•ืจืŸ, ื—ื™ื™ื. "ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื‘ืจ", ืžืฉืœื™ื ื•ืกืื˜ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื“ื•ื“ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ.  ืžืฆื•ื“ื”, ืกืคืจ ื”-ื• (ืชืฉ"ื— 1948), ืขืž' 618ึพ619.
ืขืœ "ืžื•ืœื“ืช"
  • ื’ื™ืœ, ืžืฉื”.  ืžื•ืœื“ืช.  ื’ืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืจืš ื›', ื’ืœ' ื—'  (ื›ืกืœื•-ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉ"ื–), ืขืž' 95-96 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื / ืขืจื™ื›ื”, ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ืื•ื’ืจืืคื™ื” ืžื•ืขืจื” ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ืืœืงื•ืฉื™ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืก, ืชืฉ"ืœ), ืขืž' 116ึพ118>
ืขืœ "ืฉื™ืจื™ื" (ืชืฉ"ื˜-ืชืฉื™"ื“)
  • ื’ื•ืจืŸ, ื ืชืŸ.  ื‘ืžื—ื™ืฆืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ.  ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืŸ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืœืขื ื™ื ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื”, ืฉื ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื’ืœ' ื' (ื›"ื— ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉ"ื˜, 22 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1949), ืขืž' 10.
  • ืžื•ื”ืจ, ืžืื™ืจ.  ื‘ืฉืœื•ืช ื•ืฉืœืžื•ืช.  ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืŸ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืœืขื ื™ื ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื”, ืฉื ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื’ืœ' ื' (ื›"ื— ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉ"ื˜, 22 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1949), ืขืž' 9.
ืขืœ "ืคืจืงื™ ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช"
  • ืชืžืจื™, ืžืฉื”.  "ืคืจืงื™ ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช".  ื’ื–ื™ืช, ื›ืจืš ื™"ื’, ื’ืœ' ื•-ื™ (ืื“ืจ-ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉื™"ื“, ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ-ื™ื•ื ื™ 1954), ืขืž' 100ึพ101.
ืขืœ "ืžืขืœ ื”ื“ื•ื›ืŸ"
ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื:

[ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”: 7 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2018]

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ
ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”
ืขื•ืจืš ืื—ืจืื™: ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื’ืœืจื•ืŸึพื’ื•ืœื“ืฉืœื’ืจ

 

 

ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ

 

ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•

 

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื

 

 

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ