Hentschelite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Hentschelite
Gerhard Hentschel collecting the first Nichenichite specimens
Nickenichite-bearing fumarole, Nickenicher Sattel, Nickenich, Pellenz, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Nickenichite-bearing fumarole, Nickenicher Sattel, Nickenich, Pellenz, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Formula:
CuFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2
Colour:
Dark green to greenish black
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
3½
Specific Gravity:
3.79 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in honor of Gerhard Hentschel (b. 28 September 1930, Reinschdorf, Upper Silesia, Germany), mineralogist and petrologist at the Geological Survey of Hesse (Hessisches Landesamt fur Bodenforschung), Wiesbaden, Germany. He was coauthored the descriptions of about 18 new mineral species. He was an expert in zeolites, and the Eifel district, among other areas and wrote Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane (The minerals of the Eifel volcanoes).
May be confused with the chemically similar chalcosiderite (which, however, has a Cu:Fe ratio of 1:6).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1869
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1869:8
IMA Classification of Hentschelite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Cu2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2
Approval year:
1985
First published:
1987
Type description reference:
Sieber, Norbert H. W., Tillmanns, Ekkehart, Medenbach, Olaf (1987) Hentschelite, CuFe2(PO4)2(OH)2, a new member of the lazulite group, and reichenbachite, Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4, a polymorph of pseudomalachite, two new copper phosphate minerals from Reichenbach, Germany. American Mineralogist, 72 (3-4) 404-408
Classification of Hentschelite
8.BB.40
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 about 1:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 about 1:1
41.10.1.3
41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
10 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq
41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
10 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq
19.2.11
19 : Phosphates
2 : Phosphates of Cu
19 : Phosphates
2 : Phosphates of Cu
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Hsl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Hentschelite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Dark green to greenish black
Streak:
Pale green
Hardness:
3½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.79 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Could not be measured due to lack of material.
Optical Data of Hentschelite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.843(3) nβ = 1.848(3) nγ = 1.945(3)
2V:
Measured: 60° to 70°, Calculated: 28°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.102
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
relatively strong, r>>v
Optical Extinction:
Y = b; X ∧ a = 61(2)° in the obtuse angle of beta; X ≃ [101].
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X = blue-green; Y = yellow-green or yellowish brown.
Chemistry of Hentschelite
Mindat Formula:
CuFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2
Element Weights:
Common Impurities:
Al,As
Crystallography of Hentschelite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/m
Setting:
P21/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.984(3) Å, b = 7.786(3) Å, c = 7.266(3) Å
β = 117.68(2)°
β = 117.68(2)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.897 : 1 : 0.933
Unit Cell V:
349.89 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Twinning:
Common, contact twins by rotation around [102], yielding a triangular composite.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0010052 | Hentschelite | Sieber N H W, Tillmanns E, Hofmeister W (1987) Structure of hentschelite, CuFe2(PO4)2(OH)2, a new member of the lazulite group Acta Crystallographica C43 1855-1857 |  | 1987 | silicified barite vein, Reichenbach, Odenwald, Germany | 0 | 293 |
| 0012651 | Hentschelite | Sieber N H W, Hofmeister W, Tillmanns E, Abraham K (1984) Neue mineraldaten fur kupferphosphate und -arsenate von Reichenbach/Odw Fortschritte der Mineralogie 62 231-232 | 1984 | Reichenbach, Germany | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.331 Å | (100) |
| 3.287 Å | (58) |
| 4.798 Å | (38) |
| 1.665 Å | (24) |
| 1.644 Å | (18) |
| 4.960 Å | (17) |
| 6.091 Å | (15) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] |
Type Occurrence of Hentschelite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Crystals, characteristically twinned, up to 0.4 mm in diameter.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Natural History Museum, Mainz; Mineralogical Museum, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Secondary mineral in silicified barite veins in diorites, gabbros, and ortho- and paragneisses.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Sieber, Norbert H. W., Tillmanns, Ekkehart, Medenbach, Olaf (1987) Hentschelite, CuFe2(PO4)2(OH)2, a new member of the lazulite group, and reichenbachite, Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4, a polymorph of pseudomalachite, two new copper phosphate minerals from Reichenbach, Germany. American Mineralogist, 72 (3-4) 404-408
Synonyms of Hentschelite
Other Language Names for Hentschelite
Relationship of Hentschelite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Lazulite Group:
| Barbosalite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Lazulite | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Meizhouite | Fe2+V3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Scorzalite | Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Wilhelmkleinite | ZnFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 11 photos of Hentschelite associated with Strengite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| 7 photos of Hentschelite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 4 photos of Hentschelite associated with Cuprite | Cu2O |
| 4 photos of Hentschelite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 4 photos of Hentschelite associated with Cloncurryite | Cu0.5(VO)0.5Al2(PO4)2F2 · 5H2O |
| 3 photos of Hentschelite associated with Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| 2 photos of Hentschelite associated with Cacoxenite | Fe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| 1 photo of Hentschelite associated with Struvite-(K) | KMg(PO4) · 6H2O |
| 1 photo of Hentschelite associated with Zwieselite | Fe2+2(PO4)F |
| 1 photo of Hentschelite associated with Kidwellite | NaFe3+9+x(PO4)6(OH)11 · 3H2O, x = 0.33 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.BB. | Moabite | NiFe3+(PO4)O |
| 8.BB. | Tilasite | CaMg(AsO4)F |
| 8.BB. | Paulgrothite | Cu9Fe3+O4(PO4)4Cl3 |
| 8.BB. | Karlditmarite | Cu9O4(PO4)2(SO4)2 |
| 8.BB. | Milkovoite | Cu4O(PO4)(AsO4) |
| 8.BB.X | Arsenowagnerite | Mg2(AsO4)F |
| 8.BB.05 | Tavorite | LiFe3+(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.05 | Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| 8.BB.05 | Montebrasite | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.10 | Zwieselite | Fe2+2(PO4)F |
| 8.BB.10 | Triplite | Mn2+2(PO4)F |
| 8.BB.15 | 'Unnamed (Sb-analogue of Auriacusite)' | Fe3+Cu2+[(Sb,As)O4]O |
| 8.BB.15 | Joosteite | Mn2+(Mn3+,Fe3+)(PO4)O |
| 8.BB.15 | Hydroxylwagnerite | Mg2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.15 | Wagnerite | Mg2(PO4)F |
| 8.BB.15 | Stanĕkite | (Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)O |
| 8.BB.15 | Triploidite | Mn2+2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.15 | Sarkinite | Mn2+2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.15 | Wolfeite | Fe2+2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.20 | Holtedahlite | Mg2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.20 | Satterlyite | (Fe2+,Mg,Fe)12(PO4)5(PO3OH)(OH,O)6 |
| 8.BB.25 | Althausite | Mg4(PO4)2(OH,O)(F,◻) |
| 8.BB.30 | Zincolivenite | CuZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Adamite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Zincolibethenite | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Eveite | Mn2+2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Auriacusite | Fe3+Cu2+(AsO4)O |
| 8.BB.35 | Paradamite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.35 | Tarbuttite | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.40 | Barbosalite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.40 | Scorzalite | Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.40 | Lazulite | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.40 | Meizhouite | Fe2+V3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.40 | Wilhelmkleinite | ZnFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.45 | Dokuchaevite | Cu8O2(VO4)3Cl3 |
| 8.BB.45 | Trolleite | Al4(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BB.45 | Yaroshevskite | Cu9O2(VO4)4Cl2 |
| 8.BB.50 | Namibite | Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.50 | Aleutite | [Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl |
| 8.BB.52a | Ericlaxmanite | Cu4O(AsO4)2 |
| 8.BB.52b | Kozyrevskite | Cu4O(AsO4)2 |
| 8.BB.55 | Phosphoellenbergerite | (Mg,◻)2Mg12(PO4,PO3OH)6(PO3OH,CO3)2(OH)6 |
| 8.BB.55 | Popovite | Cu5O2(AsO4)2 |
| 8.BB.60 | Urusovite | CuAl(AsO4)O |
| 8.BB.65 | Theoparacelsite | Cu3(As2O7)(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.70 | Turanite | Cu5(VO4)2(OH)4 |
| 8.BB.75 | Stoiberite | Cu5(VO4)2O2 |
| 8.BB.80 | Fingerite | Cu11(VO4)6O2 |
| 8.BB.85 | Averievite | Cu6(VO4)2O2Cl2 |
| 8.BB.90 | Richellite | CaFe3+2(PO4)2(OH,F)2 |
| 8.BB.90 | Lipscombite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.90 | Zinclipscombite | ZnFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
Fluorescence of Hentschelite
Not fluorescent.
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Hentschelite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1869.html
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References for Hentschelite
Reference List:
Sieber, Norbert H. W., Tillmanns, Ekkehart, Medenbach, Olaf (1987) Hentschelite, CuFe2(PO4)2(OH)2, a new member of the lazulite group, and reichenbachite, Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4, a polymorph of pseudomalachite, two new copper phosphate minerals from Reichenbach, Germany. American Mineralogist, 72 (3-4) 404-408
Sieber, N. H. W., Tillmanns, E., Hofmeister, W. (1987) Structure of hentschelite, CuFe2(PO4)2(OH)2, a new member of the lazulite group. Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications, 43 (10) 1855-1857 doi:10.1107/s0108270187089868
Sieber, Norbert H. W., Tillmanns, Ekkehart, Medenbach, Olaf (1987) Hentschelite, CuFe2(PO4)2(OH)2, a new member of the lazulite group, and reichenbachite, Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4, a polymorph of pseudomalachite, two new copper phosphate minerals from Reichenbach, Germany. American Mineralogist, 72 (3-4) 404-408
Localities for Hentschelite
Showing 23 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Kampf et al. (2010) |
| Dina (1993) |
| Demartin et al. (1997) +1 other reference | |
Australia | |
| Anon. (2001) |
| Pring et al. (1999) |
Brazil | |
| Menezes (n.d.) |
Czech Republic | |
| Sejkora et al. (2006) |
France | |
| Mario Mebus collection (SXRD-analysed by Uwe Kolitsch) |
| Yannick Vessely collection - SEM-EDS ... |
| Uwe Kolitsch (SXRD and SEM-EDS analyses, to be published) |
| Chollet Pascal Collection | |
| perso.wanadoo.fr (2004) |
Germany | |
| Draxler et al. (09/2021) |
| |
| Sieber et al. (1987) |
| Petitjean et al. (2000) |
| Lapis (10) | |
Poland | |
| Bzowska et al. (2003) |
Portugal | |
| Schnorrer-Köhler et al. (1991) |
UK | |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Elton (1998) |
USA | |
| Dr. William S. Wise presentation to ... +1 other reference |
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Spring Creek Mine, Wilmington, District Council of Mount Remarkable, South Australia, Australia