Zincolibethenite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Zincolibethenite
Formula:
CuZn(PO4)(OH)
Colour:
Bright green, bluish tint
Hardness:
3½
Specific Gravity:
3.972 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named for its relationship to libethenite.
Type Locality:
Olivenite Group
Structurally distinct, intermediate member of the solid solution series between Libethenite and synthetic orthorhombic Zn2[OH|PO4] with a Zn:Cu ratio of (ideally) 1:1; Zn and Cu atoms are ordered on two different sites in the crystal structure.
Phosphate analogue of Zincolivenite.
Structurally distinct, intermediate member of the solid solution series between Libethenite and synthetic orthorhombic Zn2[OH|PO4] with a Zn:Cu ratio of (ideally) 1:1; Zn and Cu atoms are ordered on two different sites in the crystal structure.
Phosphate analogue of Zincolivenite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
25713
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:25713:6
IMA Classification of Zincolibethenite
Classification of Zincolibethenite
8.BB.30
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 about 1:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 about 1:1
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Zlib | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Zincolibethenite
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Bright green, bluish tint
Hardness:
3½ on Mohs scale
Density:
3.972 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Zincolibethenite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.660 nβ = 1.705 nγ = 1.715
2V:
Calculated: 49°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.055
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r < v, medium
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Zincolibethenite
Mindat Formula:
CuZn(PO4)(OH)
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Zincolibethenite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnnm
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.3263 Å, b = 8.2601 Å, c = 5.8771 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.008 : 1 : 0.712
Unit Cell V:
404.20 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Crystal Structure
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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0012060 | Zincolibethenite | Williams P A, Leverett P, Birch W D, Hibbs D E, Kilitsch U, Mihajlovic T (2006) Zinc-rich zincolibethenite from Broken Hill, New South Wales Australian Journal of Mineralogy 12 3-7 | 2006 | Block 14 open cut, Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.87 Å | (39) |
| 4.79 Å | (100) |
| 3.699 Å | (22) |
| 2.935 Å | (33) |
| 2.632 Å | (47) |
| 2.405 Å | (19) |
| 2.304 Å | (18) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] |
Type Occurrence of Zincolibethenite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Bright blue-green, transparent, prismatic crystals < 1 mm long, terminated by domes or prisms, in tightly packed sheaves and radiating clusters. Also as translucent, compact, radiating spherical clusters ~ 1 mm in diameter, along with aggregates of clusters in which individual crystals cannot be distinguished.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Parts of the type specimen are preserved at the Institut fur Mineralogie, Universitat Salzburg, Austria, and the Royal Scottish Museum. The polished section used for the microprobe analysis is at the Natural History Museum, London.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Zincolibethenite
Other Language Names for Zincolibethenite
Relationship of Zincolibethenite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Olivenite Group:
| Adamite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm |
| Auriacusite | Fe3+Cu2+(AsO4)O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm |
| Eveite | Mn2+2(AsO4)(OH) | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm |
| Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm |
| Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| 'Unnamed (Sb-analogue of Auriacusite)' | Fe3+Cu2+[(Sb,As)O4]O | |
| Zincolivenite | CuZn(AsO4)(OH) | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 25 photos of Zincolibethenite associated with Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| 11 photos of Zincolibethenite associated with Veszelyite | (Cu,Zn)2Zn(PO4)(OH)3 · 2H2O |
| 4 photos of Zincolibethenite associated with Kipushite | (Cu,Zn)5Zn(PO4)2(OH)6 · H2O |
| 2 photos of Zincolibethenite associated with Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| 2 photos of Zincolibethenite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 1 photo of Zincolibethenite associated with Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| 1 photo of Zincolibethenite associated with Mixite | BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 1 photo of Zincolibethenite associated with Santabarbaraite | Fe3+3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O |
| 1 photo of Zincolibethenite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 1 photo of Zincolibethenite associated with Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.BB. | Moabite | NiFe3+(PO4)O |
| 8.BB. | Tilasite | CaMg(AsO4)F |
| 8.BB. | Paulgrothite | Cu9Fe3+O4(PO4)4Cl3 |
| 8.BB. | Karlditmarite | Cu9O4(PO4)2(SO4)2 |
| 8.BB. | Milkovoite | Cu4O(PO4)(AsO4) |
| 8.BB.X | Arsenowagnerite | Mg2(AsO4)F |
| 8.BB.05 | Tavorite | LiFe3+(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.05 | Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| 8.BB.05 | Montebrasite | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.10 | Zwieselite | Fe2+2(PO4)F |
| 8.BB.10 | Triplite | Mn2+2(PO4)F |
| 8.BB.15 | 'Unnamed (Sb-analogue of Auriacusite)' | Fe3+Cu2+[(Sb,As)O4]O |
| 8.BB.15 | Joosteite | Mn2+(Mn3+,Fe3+)(PO4)O |
| 8.BB.15 | Hydroxylwagnerite | Mg2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.15 | Wagnerite | Mg2(PO4)F |
| 8.BB.15 | Stanĕkite | (Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)O |
| 8.BB.15 | Triploidite | Mn2+2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.15 | Sarkinite | Mn2+2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.15 | Wolfeite | Fe2+2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.20 | Holtedahlite | Mg2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.20 | Satterlyite | (Fe2+,Mg,Fe)12(PO4)5(PO3OH)(OH,O)6 |
| 8.BB.25 | Althausite | Mg4(PO4)2(OH,O)(F,◻) |
| 8.BB.30 | Zincolivenite | CuZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Adamite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Eveite | Mn2+2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Auriacusite | Fe3+Cu2+(AsO4)O |
| 8.BB.35 | Paradamite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.35 | Tarbuttite | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.40 | Barbosalite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.40 | Scorzalite | Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.40 | Lazulite | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.40 | Meizhouite | Fe2+V3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.40 | Hentschelite | CuFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.40 | Wilhelmkleinite | ZnFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.45 | Dokuchaevite | Cu8O2(VO4)3Cl3 |
| 8.BB.45 | Trolleite | Al4(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BB.45 | Yaroshevskite | Cu9O2(VO4)4Cl2 |
| 8.BB.50 | Namibite | Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.50 | Aleutite | [Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl |
| 8.BB.52a | Ericlaxmanite | Cu4O(AsO4)2 |
| 8.BB.52b | Kozyrevskite | Cu4O(AsO4)2 |
| 8.BB.55 | Phosphoellenbergerite | (Mg,◻)2Mg12(PO4,PO3OH)6(PO3OH,CO3)2(OH)6 |
| 8.BB.55 | Popovite | Cu5O2(AsO4)2 |
| 8.BB.60 | Urusovite | CuAl(AsO4)O |
| 8.BB.65 | Theoparacelsite | Cu3(As2O7)(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.70 | Turanite | Cu5(VO4)2(OH)4 |
| 8.BB.75 | Stoiberite | Cu5(VO4)2O2 |
| 8.BB.80 | Fingerite | Cu11(VO4)6O2 |
| 8.BB.85 | Averievite | Cu6(VO4)2O2Cl2 |
| 8.BB.90 | Richellite | CaFe3+2(PO4)2(OH,F)2 |
| 8.BB.90 | Lipscombite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.90 | Zinclipscombite | ZnFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Zincolibethenite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-25713.html
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References for Zincolibethenite
Localities for Zincolibethenite
Showing 16 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Williams et al. (2006) |
Chile | |
| maurizio dini & arturo molina ... |
China | |
| Atagnis Tairitsu Collection |
| Shen (n.d.) |
| Shen (n.d.) |
France | |
| Favreau et al. (2010) |
Germany | |
| Joy Désor Collection. Identified by ... |
Japan | |
| Masutomi Museum specimen and analyses (Kyoto) |
Namibia | |
| Jahn (2007) |
Portugal | |
| Alves et al. (2017) |
Republic of the Congo | |
| www.spiriferminerals.com (2020) |
Spain | |
| Rewitzer et al. (2018) |
| Calvo (2015) |
USA | |
| Collected and analyzed by Tim Rose. |
| Steve Silva (2010) |
Zambia (TL) | |
| Am Min 90:1950 +1 other reference |
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