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Lipscombite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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04908460017271924615518.jpg
Lipscombite

Silver Coin Mine, Valmy, Iron Point Mining District, Humboldt County, Nevada, USA
00258630017271924825646.jpg
Lipscombite

Clara Mine, Oberwolfach, Ortenaukreis, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
01674790017271924856988.jpg
Lipscombite

Clara Mine, Oberwolfach, Ortenaukreis, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
04908460017271924615518.jpg
Lipscombite

Silver Coin Mine, Valmy, Iron Point Mining District, Humboldt County, Nevada, USA
00258630017271924825646.jpg
Lipscombite

Clara Mine, Oberwolfach, Ortenaukreis, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
01674790017271924856988.jpg
Lipscombite

Clara Mine, Oberwolfach, Ortenaukreis, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
04908460017271924615518.jpg
Lipscombite

Silver Coin Mine, Valmy, Iron Point Mining District, Humboldt County, Nevada, USA
00258630017271924825646.jpg
Lipscombite

Clara Mine, Oberwolfach, Ortenaukreis, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
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About LipscombiteHide

08685100017271924916583.jpg
William Nunn Lipscomb, Jr.
Formula:
Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2
Lipscombite from the type locality appears to be Mn2+>Fe2+ (but based on a pre-microprobe analysis that even its authors remark might be a bit "iffy" with regards to an accurate Fe3+/∑Fe ratio). Also, the literature describing lipscombite from other localities have not been evaluated here (yet) for any analytical data that might indicate their Mn2+/Fe2+ ratios; hence, the possibility exists that the Fe2+-dominant composition for which the mineral is officially defined may only be known from synthetic material.
Colour:
Black, dark greenish, olive-green, pale greenish, yellowish brown
Lustre:
Sub-Adamantine, Vitreous, Waxy
Specific Gravity:
3.66
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
In honour of William Nunn Lipscomb, Jr. (9 December 1919, Cleveland, Ohio, USA - 14 April 2011, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA), American inorganic and organic chemist, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, who determined the crystal structure of the synthetic compound. The name was originally given to synthetic material. Lipscomb was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1976 “for his studies on the structure of borates illuminating problems of chemical bonding”.
Dimorph of:
Barbosalite
Isostructural with:
Zinclipscombite
May be confused with its monoclinic-pseudotetragonal dimorph barbosalite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
2412
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2412:5

IMA Classification of LipscombiteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Classification of LipscombiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
8.BB.90

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 about 1:1
Dana 8th ed.:
41.10.2.1

41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
10 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:
19.12.14

19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
LcbIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
LcbThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of LipscombiteHide

Lustre:
Sub-Adamantine, Vitreous, Waxy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent, Opaque
Colour:
Black, dark greenish, olive-green, pale greenish, yellowish brown
Hardness Data:
Could not be measured
Density:
3.66(1) g/cm3 (Measured)    3.68 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Chemistry of LipscombiteHide

Mindat Formula:
Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2

Lipscombite from the type locality appears to be Mn2+>Fe2+ (but based on a pre-microprobe analysis that even its authors remark might be a bit "iffy" with regards to an accurate Fe3+/∑Fe ratio). Also, the literature describing lipscombite from other localities have not been evaluated here (yet) for any analytical data that might indicate their Mn2+/Fe2+ ratios; hence, the possibility exists that the Fe2+-dominant composition for which the mineral is officially defined may only be known from synthetic material.
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Fe42.794 %
O40.868 %
P15.823 %
H0.515 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Fe, H, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of LipscombiteHide

Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
422 - Trapezohedral
Space Group:
P41212
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.310 Å, c = 13.212 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.807
Unit Cell V:
706.00 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Small dipyramidal crystals which may form radiating aggregates; rarely blocky to stubby crystals. Also massive.
Comment:
Cell for synthetic material (Vencato et al., 1989). Originally given cell: 5.37, 12.81 A; subsequently given cell: 7.40, 12.81

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0001230LipscombiteVencato I, Mattievich E, Mascarenhas Y P (1989) Crystal structure of synthetic lipscombite: A redetermination American Mineralogist 74 456-46019890293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
4.84 Å(3)
3.314 Å(10)
3.206 Å(6)
2.302 Å(3)
2.054 Å(3)
1.656 Å(4)
1.601 Å(4)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
22 : Hydration and low-? subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23)

Type Occurrence of LipscombiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Sapucaia mine, Sapucaia do Norte, Galiléia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Not determined.

Other Language Names for LipscombiteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
7 photos of Lipscombite associated with JarositeKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
6 photos of Lipscombite associated with PerhamiteCa3Al7.7Si3P4O23.5(OH)14.1 · 8H2O
5 photos of Lipscombite associated with LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
4 photos of Lipscombite associated with VarisciteAlPO4 · 2H2O
3 photos of Lipscombite associated with TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
3 photos of Lipscombite associated with KidwelliteNaFe3+9+x(PO4)6(OH)11 · 3H2O, x = 0.33
2 photos of Lipscombite associated with Jahnsite GroupXM1M22M32(H2O)8(OH)2(PO4)4
2 photos of Lipscombite associated with StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
2 photos of Lipscombite associated with PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
2 photos of Lipscombite associated with 'Meurigite'

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

8.BB.MoabiteNiFe3+(PO4)OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.BB.TilasiteCaMg(AsO4)FMon.
8.BB.PaulgrothiteCu9Fe3+O4(PO4)4Cl3Orth. mm2 : Cmc21
8.BB.KarlditmariteCu9O4(PO4)2(SO4)2Tric. 1 : P1
8.BB.MilkovoiteCu4O(PO4)(AsO4)Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.BB.XArsenowagneriteMg2(AsO4)FMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.BB.05TavoriteLiFe3+(PO4)(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
8.BB.05AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)FTric. 1 : P1
8.BB.05MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
8.BB.10ZwieseliteFe2+2(PO4)FMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.BB.10TripliteMn2+2(PO4)FMon. 2/m
8.BB.15'Unnamed (Sb-analogue of Auriacusite)'Fe3+Cu2+[(Sb,As)O4]O
8.BB.15JoosteiteMn2+(Mn3+,Fe3+)(PO4)OMon. 2/m
8.BB.15HydroxylwagneriteMg2(PO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
8.BB.15WagneriteMg2(PO4)FMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.BB.15Stanĕkite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.BB.15TriploiditeMn2+2(PO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m : P2/b
8.BB.15SarkiniteMn2+2(AsO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
8.BB.15WolfeiteFe2+2(PO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
8.BB.20HoltedahliteMg2(PO4)(OH)Trig. 3m : P31m
8.BB.20Satterlyite(Fe2+,Mg,Fe)12(PO4)5(PO3OH)(OH,O)6Trig. 3m(32/m) : P31m
8.BB.25AlthausiteMg4(PO4)2(OH,O)(F,◻)Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.BB.30ZincoliveniteCuZn(AsO4)(OH)Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
8.BB.30AdamiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
8.BB.30LibetheniteCu2(PO4)(OH)Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
8.BB.30ZincolibetheniteCuZn(PO4)(OH)Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
8.BB.30EveiteMn2+2(AsO4)(OH)Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
8.BB.30OliveniteCu2(AsO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
8.BB.30AuriacusiteFe3+Cu2+(AsO4)OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnnm
8.BB.35ParadamiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
8.BB.35TarbuttiteZn2(PO4)(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
8.BB.40BarbosaliteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
8.BB.40ScorzaliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
8.BB.40LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
8.BB.40MeizhouiteFe2+V3+2(PO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
8.BB.40HentscheliteCuFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
8.BB.40WilhelmkleiniteZnFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
8.BB.45DokuchaeviteCu8O2(VO4)3Cl3Tric. 1 : P1
8.BB.45TrolleiteAl4(PO4)3(OH)3Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.BB.45YaroshevskiteCu9O2(VO4)4Cl2 Tric. 1 : P1
8.BB.50NamibiteCu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
8.BB.50Aleutite[Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)ClMon. 2/m : B2/m
8.BB.52aEriclaxmaniteCu4O(AsO4)2Tric. 1 : P1
8.BB.52bKozyrevskiteCu4O(AsO4)2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.BB.55Phosphoellenbergerite(Mg,◻)2Mg12(PO4,PO3OH)6(PO3OH,CO3)2(OH)6Hex. 6mm : P63mc
8.BB.55PopoviteCu5O2(AsO4)2Tric. 1 : P1
8.BB.60UrusoviteCuAl(AsO4)OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.BB.65TheoparacelsiteCu3(As2O7)(OH)2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pmma
8.BB.70TuraniteCu5(VO4)2(OH)4Tric. 1 : P1
8.BB.75StoiberiteCu5(VO4)2O2Mon. 2/m
8.BB.80FingeriteCu11(VO4)6O2Tric. 1 : P1
8.BB.85AverieviteCu6(VO4)2O2Cl2Trig. 3 : P3
8.BB.90RichelliteCaFe3+2(PO4)2(OH,F)2Amor.
8.BB.90ZinclipscombiteZnFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2Tet. 422 : P43212

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for LipscombiteHide

References for LipscombiteHide

Reference List:
Katz, L., Lipscomb, W. N. (1951) The crystal structure of iron lazulite, a synthetic mineral related to lazulite. Acta Crystallographica, 4 (4) 345-348 doi:10.1107/s0365110x51001094
Gheith, Mohamed A. (1953) Lipscombite, a new synthetic "iron lazulite". American Mineralogist, 38 (7-8) 612-628
Lindberg, M. L. (1962) Manganoan lipscombite from the Sapucaia pegmatite mine, Minas Gerais, Brazil; first occurrence of lipscombite in nature. American Mineralogist, 47 (3-4) 353-359
White, John S.; Henderson, E. P.; Mason, B. (1967) Secondary minerals produced by weathering of the Wolf Creek meteorite. American Mineralogist, 52 (7-8). 1190-1197
Matvienko, E. N.; Yakubovich, O. V.; Simonov, M. A.; Belov, N. V. (1981): Crystal structure of synthetic lipscombite (Fe73+(Fe0.53+Fe0.52+)18[PO4]14(OH)24) with partial ordering of iron(III). Zhurnal Strukturnoy Khimii, 22, 121-125 (in Russian).
Vochten, R., De Grave, E. (1981) Crystallographic, Mössbauer and electrokinetic study of synthetic lipscombite. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 7 (5) 197-203 doi:10.1007/bf00311889
Fransolet, A.-M., (1987) Les phosphates secondaires de la pegmatite d'Angarf-Sud, plaine des Zenaga, Anti-Atlas, Maroc. Notes et Mémoires du Service Géologique du Maroc, 43, 339-347.
Nathan, Y., Panczer, G., Gross, S. (1988) The thermal analysis of some phosphate minerals: strengite, lipscombite, cyrilovite and goyazite. Thermochimica Acta, 135. 259-266 doi:10.1016/0040-6031(88)87395-7
Vencato, Ivo, Mattievich, Enrico, Mascarenhas, Yvonne Primerano (1989) Crystal structure of synthetic lipscombite: A redetermination. American Mineralogist, 74 (3-4) 456-460
Rouzies, Dominique; Varloud, Jean; Millet, Jean-Marc M. M. (1994): Thermal behavior and physico-chemical characterization of synthetic and natural iron hydroxyphosphates. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions, 90(21), 3335-3339.
Rouzies, D.; Moral, P.; Millet, J. M. M. (1995): Synthesis and Study by Moessbauer Spectroscopy of Lipscombite (Fe3+2Fe2+(PO4)2(OH)2) Partially Substituted by Manganese, Cobalt, and Chromium Cations. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 99(33), 12576-12580.
(2005) Lipscombite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Song, Yanning, Zavalij, Peter Y., Chernova, Natasha A., Whittingham, M. Stanley (2005) Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Electrochemical and Magnetic Study of New Iron (III) Hydroxyl-Phosphates, Isostructural with Lipscombite. Chemistry of Materials, 17. 1139-1147 doi:10.1021/cm049406r
Dyar, M. D., Jawin, E. R., Breves, E., Marchand, G., Nelms, M., Lane, M. D., Mertzman, S. A., Bish, D. L., Bishop, J. L. (2014) Mössbauer parameters of iron in phosphate minerals: Implications for interpretation of martian data. American Mineralogist, 99 (5) 914-942 doi:10.2138/am.2014.4701

Localities for LipscombiteHide

Showing 60 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina
 
  • Córdoba Province
    • Punilla Department
      • San Roque District
        • Tanti
Dina (1993)
Demartin et al. (1997) +1 other reference
  • San Luis Province
    • San Martín Department
Roda-Robles et al. (2012)
Australia
 
  • South Australia
    • Pastoral Unincorporated Area
      • Boolcoomatta Reserve (Boolcoomata Station)
Lottermoser et al. (1997)
  • Western Australia
    • Halls Creek Shire
      • Carranya Station
White et al. (1967)
Brazil
 
  • Minas Gerais
    • Conselheiro Pena
      • Barra do Cuieté
Baijot et al. (2014)
Sergio Varvello collection
    • Galiléia
      • Sapucaia do Norte
Gheith (1953) +3 other references
    • Itatiaiuçu
Specimen analized and collected by Professor Dr Ricardo Scholz (UFOP)
    • Itinga
      • Jenipapo pegmatite field
Sergio Varvello collection
  • Rio Grande do Norte
    • Parelhas
Amores et al. (2014) +1 other reference
Cameroon
 
  • Adamawa Region
    • Vina
      • Martap
Fransolet et al. (1984)
Canada
 
  • British Columbia
    • Revelstoke Mining Division
      • Revelstoke
Dixon et al. (2014)
Chile
 
  • Antofagasta
    • El Loa Province
      • San Pedro de Atacama
Velasco et al. (2020)
Czech Republic
 
  • Central Bohemian Region
    • Kutná Hora District
      • Vlkaneč
Povondra et al. (eds.) +1 other reference
  • Plzeň Region
    • Domažlice District
      • Otov
Č +4 other references
  • Vysočina Region
    • Žďár nad Sázavou District
      • Bory
        • Horní Bory
          • Cyrilov (Cyrillhof)
new data on the type material. Journal of GEOsciences: 45 (1-2) +3 other references
Europe
 
Berbain et al. (2012)
France
 
  • Nouvelle-Aquitaine
    • Creuse
      • Guéret
        • Crozant
M. Arliguie collection +1 other reference
    • Haute-Vienne
      • Bellac
        • Bessines-sur-Gartempe
Boisson (1988)
        • Compreignac
          • Margnac Quarry
Patureau (2008)
        • Razès
          • Chanteloube
            • Vilatte Quarries (La Vilate)
Meisser et al. (2008)
  • Occitanie
    • Ariège
      • Foix
        • Le Bosc
          • Cirque de Pénitence
Inventaire mineralogique de l'Ariege (Editions BRGM 1984)
    • Pyrénées-Orientales
      • Céret
        • Argelès-sur-Mer
Berbain et al. (2012)
        • Collioure
Berbain et al. (2012)
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Oberwolfach
Walenta (1995)
  • Bavaria
    • Upper Palatinate
      • Neustadt an der Waldnaab District
        • Waidhaus
          • Hagendorf
web.archive.org (2001)
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Märkischer Kreis
        • Iserlohn
          • Letmathe
            • Helmke quarry nature reserve
Bender et al. (1994)
  • Thuringia
    • Greiz District
      • Kauern
Witzke et al. (1998)
Israel
 
  • Southern District
    • Beersheba Subdistrict
      • Ramat Negev Regional Council
Shahar et al. (1989)
Italy
 
  • Lombardy
    • Lecco Province
      • Colico
        • Piona Peninsula
Vignola P. et al. (2011)
      • Dorio
Vignola et al. (2011)
Japan
 
  • Hyogo Prefecture
    • Kobe city
      • Nishi-ku
S. Matsubara (2000)
S. Matsubara (2000)
Yamada (2004)
Madagascar
 
  • Amoron'i Mania
    • Ambatofinandrahana District
      • Mandrosonoro
Behier (1960)
Mexico
 
  • Durango
    • Indé Municipality
Michael Shannon specimens
Morocco
 
  • Drâa-Tafilalet Region
    • Ouarzazate Province
      • Amerzgane Cercle
        • Ouisselsate Caïdat
ČECH et al. (1972)
  • Marrakesh-Safi Region
    • Rehamna Province
      • Sidi Bou Othmane Cercle
        • Jebilet Mountain (Djebilet Mountain)
          • Sidi Bou Othmane
Favreau (2012)
Namibia
 
  • Erongo Region
    • Dâures Constituency
von Bezing (2007)
Keller (1974)
    • Karibib Constituency
      • Okatjimukuju Farm 55 (Friedrichsfelde Farm)
Keller et al. (1989)
Portugal
 
  • Viseu
    • Mangualde
      • Mangualde (Mesquitela e Cunha Alta)
Rwanda
 
  • Western Province
    • Ngororero District
      • Muhororo
Bertossa (1968) +1 other reference
Spain
 
  • Castile and Leon
    • Salamanca
      • Aldea del Obispo
Roda-Robles M E et al. (2014)
    • Zamora
      • Villar del Buey
Roda-Robles et al. (1998)
  • Extremadura
    • Badajoz
      • Tres Arroyos
Garate-Olave I et al. (2014)
Switzerland
 
  • Ticino
    • Locarno
      • Brissago
Weiß (1989) +1 other reference
USA
 
  • Alabama
    • Coosa County
Rocks & Minerals: 70 (5)
  • Arkansas
    • Garland County
      • Wilson Springs (Potash Sulfur Springs)
Rocks & Min.: 63:108.
    • Montgomery County
      • Norman
Rocks & Minerals: 64: 297.
    • Polk County
Smith (1988)
  • Florida
    • Polk County
      • Central Florida Phosphate Mining District (Bone Valley)
        • Noralyn/Phosphoria Mines (IMC-Agrico)
Marc V. Hurst (2012)
  • Georgia
    • Burke County
      • Girard Mining District
Analysis performed by C. Emproto 6-2025
  • Maryland
    • Prince Georges County
Bernstein (1976)
  • Nevada
    • Elko County
      • Carlin Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
    • Humboldt County
      • Iron Point Mining District
        • Valmy
Dr. William S. Wise presentation to ...
  • South Dakota
    • Custer County
      • Custer Mining District
Joan Rosell (Barcelona)
  • Utah
    • Box Elder County
      • Lucin
        • Utahlite Hill
Joe Marty et al. (1999)
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To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
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