Wilhelmkleinite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Wilhelmkleinite
Wilhelm Klein
Formula:
ZnFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2
Colour:
Blackish green
Lustre:
Adamantine, Dull
Hardness:
4½
Specific Gravity:
4.364 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
For Wilhelm Klein (29 November 1889, Distelshausen, Germany - 30 November 1939, Windhoek, (now) Namibia), Mine Manager of the Otavi Mining and Railroad Company mines in Namibia (1916 to 1939), who made the first systematic collection of minerals from the Tsumcorp Mine, Tsumeb.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
7365
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:7365:9
IMA Classification of Wilhelmkleinite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Zn2+Fe3+2(As5+O4)2(OH)2
Approval year:
1997
First published:
1998
Classification of Wilhelmkleinite
8.BB.40
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 about 1:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 about 1:1
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Wkl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Wilhelmkleinite
Adamantine, Dull
Transparency:
Translucent
Comment:
adamantine on fractures
Colour:
Blackish green
Streak:
Green
Hardness:
4½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
On {232}
On {232}
Density:
4.364 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Wilhelmkleinite
Type:
Biaxial
Dispersion:
r > v strong
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
Strong; olive-green to emerald-green to reddish brown.
Comments:
n = ∼1.94
Chemistry of Wilhelmkleinite
Mindat Formula:
ZnFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Wilhelmkleinite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.631(1) Å, b = 7.611(1) Å, c = 7.377(1) Å
β = 91.80(1)°
β = 91.80(1)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.871 : 1 : 0.969
Unit Cell V:
372.12 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Spearhead-shaped crystals showing the forms {430}, {100}, {311}, and {311}.
Twinning:
Interpenetration twins on {101}.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0011085 | Wilhelmkleinite | Adiwidjaja G, Friese K, Klaska K H, Moore P B, Schluter J (2000) The crystal structure of the new mineral wilhelmkleinite ZnFe3+2(OH)2(AsO4)2 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 215 96-101 |  | 2000 | Tsumeb mine, Namibia | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.385 Å | (100) |
| 3.315 Å | (78) |
| 2.939 Å | (47) |
| 1.621 Å | (34) |
| 1.652 Å | (32) |
| 2.381 Å | (29) |
| 2.839 Å | (28) |
Comments:
Tsumeb Mine, Namibia. Data from type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] |
Type Occurrence of Wilhelmkleinite
General Appearance of Type Material:
blackish green, spearhead-shaped crystals up to 5 mm long.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Mineralogical Museum of the University of Hamburg, Germany.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Wilhelmkleinite
Other Language Names for Wilhelmkleinite
Relationship of Wilhelmkleinite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Lazulite Group:
| Barbosalite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Hentschelite | CuFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Lazulite | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Meizhouite | Fe2+V3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Scorzalite | Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.BB. | Moabite | NiFe3+(PO4)O |
| 8.BB. | Tilasite | CaMg(AsO4)F |
| 8.BB. | Paulgrothite | Cu9Fe3+O4(PO4)4Cl3 |
| 8.BB. | Karlditmarite | Cu9O4(PO4)2(SO4)2 |
| 8.BB. | Milkovoite | Cu4O(PO4)(AsO4) |
| 8.BB.X | Arsenowagnerite | Mg2(AsO4)F |
| 8.BB.05 | Tavorite | LiFe3+(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.05 | Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| 8.BB.05 | Montebrasite | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.10 | Zwieselite | Fe2+2(PO4)F |
| 8.BB.10 | Triplite | Mn2+2(PO4)F |
| 8.BB.15 | 'Unnamed (Sb-analogue of Auriacusite)' | Fe3+Cu2+[(Sb,As)O4]O |
| 8.BB.15 | Joosteite | Mn2+(Mn3+,Fe3+)(PO4)O |
| 8.BB.15 | Hydroxylwagnerite | Mg2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.15 | Wagnerite | Mg2(PO4)F |
| 8.BB.15 | Stanĕkite | (Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)O |
| 8.BB.15 | Triploidite | Mn2+2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.15 | Sarkinite | Mn2+2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.15 | Wolfeite | Fe2+2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.20 | Holtedahlite | Mg2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.20 | Satterlyite | (Fe2+,Mg,Fe)12(PO4)5(PO3OH)(OH,O)6 |
| 8.BB.25 | Althausite | Mg4(PO4)2(OH,O)(F,◻) |
| 8.BB.30 | Zincolivenite | CuZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Adamite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Zincolibethenite | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Eveite | Mn2+2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.30 | Auriacusite | Fe3+Cu2+(AsO4)O |
| 8.BB.35 | Paradamite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.35 | Tarbuttite | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.40 | Barbosalite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.40 | Scorzalite | Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.40 | Lazulite | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.40 | Meizhouite | Fe2+V3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.40 | Hentschelite | CuFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.45 | Dokuchaevite | Cu8O2(VO4)3Cl3 |
| 8.BB.45 | Trolleite | Al4(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BB.45 | Yaroshevskite | Cu9O2(VO4)4Cl2 |
| 8.BB.50 | Namibite | Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BB.50 | Aleutite | [Cu5O2](AsO4)(VO4) · (Cu,K,Pb,Rb,Cs,)Cl |
| 8.BB.52a | Ericlaxmanite | Cu4O(AsO4)2 |
| 8.BB.52b | Kozyrevskite | Cu4O(AsO4)2 |
| 8.BB.55 | Phosphoellenbergerite | (Mg,◻)2Mg12(PO4,PO3OH)6(PO3OH,CO3)2(OH)6 |
| 8.BB.55 | Popovite | Cu5O2(AsO4)2 |
| 8.BB.60 | Urusovite | CuAl(AsO4)O |
| 8.BB.65 | Theoparacelsite | Cu3(As2O7)(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.70 | Turanite | Cu5(VO4)2(OH)4 |
| 8.BB.75 | Stoiberite | Cu5(VO4)2O2 |
| 8.BB.80 | Fingerite | Cu11(VO4)6O2 |
| 8.BB.85 | Averievite | Cu6(VO4)2O2Cl2 |
| 8.BB.90 | Richellite | CaFe3+2(PO4)2(OH,F)2 |
| 8.BB.90 | Lipscombite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BB.90 | Zinclipscombite | ZnFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Wilhelmkleinite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-7365.html
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References for Wilhelmkleinite
Localities for Wilhelmkleinite
Showing 1 localities.
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The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Namibia (TL) | |
| Schlüter et al. (1998) +2 other references |
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Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia