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Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA i
Regional Level Types
Flambeau Mine Mine (Reclaimed)
Ladysmith City
Rusk County County
Wisconsin State
USA Country

Regional Level Types
Flambeau Mine	Mine (Reclaimed)
Ladysmith	City
Rusk County	County
Wisconsin	State
USA	Country

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Chalcocite

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Reclaimed Flambeau Mine site

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Flambeau Mine in snow.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Chalcocite

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Reclaimed Flambeau Mine site

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Flambeau Mine in snow.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Chalcocite

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Reclaimed Flambeau Mine site

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

45° 26' 33'' North , 91° 6' 55'' West

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

45.44250,-91.11528

GRN:

N31W46

Type:

Mine (Reclaimed) - last checked 2022

Age:

2300 to 1600 Ma

Geologic Time:

Paleoproterozoic

Köppen climate type:

Dfb : Warm-summer humid continental climate

Nearest Settlements:

Place	Population	Distance
Ladysmith	3,188 (2017)	2.4km
Tony	107 (2017)	10.6km
Bruce	729 (2017)	12.4km
Sheldon	224 (2017)	19.2km
Weyerhaeuser	224 (2017)	23.0km

Nearest Clubs:
Local clubs are the best way to get access to collecting localities

Club	Location	Distance
Northwest Wisconsin Gem & Mineral Society	Cameron, Wisconsin	49km

Mindat Locality ID:

4496

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:4496:0

GUID (UUID V4):

Mined by Kennecott Copper between 1993 and 1997. The site has since been completely restored. This is the only recent mining of massive sulfides in Wisconsin (other deposits have been drilled, but there are no plans to mine them). The ore was rich enough to ship directly to the smelters without having to be concentrated.

The deposit was an exhalative massive sulfide deposit deformed during the 1.80-1.85 billion-year-old Penokean orogeny. It was subjected to significant oxidation and supergene enrichment producing a zoned cap of, from the surface downward, gossan, chalcocite, bornite, and chalcopyrite. Many specimens, especially clusters of chalcocite crystals with an iridescent bornite patina, were preserved by contract collector Casey Jones. Other notable minerals found were malachite, azurite, cuprite variety chalcotrichite, kolbeckite and other phosphates.

Exploration efforts defined a historical resource of 6.4 Mt of resources at 4.13 wt % Cu, 1.0 wt % Zn, 2.65 g/t Au, and 27.5 g/t Ag, including 1.7 Mt of supergene enriched ore with grades of 10.5% Cu and 3.13 g/t Au. Permits to develop the mine and extract the supergene part of the ore were granted in June 1991. Extraction of the supergene ore occurred from 1993 to 1997, whereas the hypogene ore remains undeveloped. The ores extracted from the Flambeau mine were part of the supergene zone consisting of a Au-rich gossan zone, a Cu-rich oxide zone, and a medium-grained chalcocite-pyrite zone that overlies the hypogene ores. The mineralized horizon consists of massive sulfide (unit 1c) interlayered with quartz–white-mica schist (unit 1a) and metachert (unit 1b). The mineralized horizon is enveloped by a zone of disseminated pyrite that extends along strike for ~1,500 m in either direction and downdip for an unknown distance.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.

Mineral List

ⓘ 'var. Carbonate-rich Apatite'

ⓘ var. Chalcotrichite

ⓘ 'Tennantite Subgroup'

ⓘ Tenorite

ⓘ Vivianite

ⓘ 'White mica'

68 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ 'Garnet-mica schist'

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Acanthite

Formula: Ag₂S

References:

Luetcke, Rolf (n.d.) Personal communication.

ⓘ Actinolite

Formula: ◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

References:

May, E. &

S. Dinkowitz (1996) An overview of the Flambeau supergene enriched massive sulfide deposit: geology and mineralogy, Rusk County, Wisconsin in G. LaBerge, Editor, Volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits of northern Wisconsin: A commemorative volume: Institute on Lake Superior Geology Proceedings, 42nd Annual Meeting, Cable, Wisconsin: volume 42, part 2: 67-95.

Lodge, Robert W.D., Zens, Zacharie A., Jacobson, Regan E., Leybourne, Matthew I. (2024) Geology and Lithogeochemistry of the Paleoproterozoic Flambeau Cu-Zn-Au Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposit, Wisconsin, USA. Economic Geology, 119 (1) 23-44 doi:10.5382/econgeo.5039

ⓘ Alunite

Formula: KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆

References:

DeMatties, T. A. (2018). Effects of paleoweathering and supergene activity on volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) mineralization in the Penokean Volcanic Belt, northern Wisconsin, Michigan and east-central Minnesota, USA: Implications for future exploration. Ore Geology Reviews, 95, 216-237.

ⓘ Andalusite

Formula: Al₂(SiO₄)O

References:

May, E. &

ⓘ Andalusite var. Chiastolite

Formula: Al₂(SiO₄)O

References:

ⓘ Ankerite

Formula: Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂

References:

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Anthophyllite

Formula: ◻Mg₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

References:

Olson, Maile and R. Lodge (2016) Ore petrography and precious metals of the primary Flambeau Mine sulfide ore: Abstract: Institue on Lake Superior Geology, Program and Abstracts, vol. 62, p. 113.

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃A

References:

Rosemeyer, T. (1995): Microminerals of the Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin. Rocks and Minerals, 70, 335-339.

ⓘ 'Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

References:

Rosemeyer, T. (1995): Microminerals of the Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin. Rocks and Minerals, 70, 335-339.

ⓘ Aragonite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

Cordua, William S. (1998) Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index. Rocks & Minerals, 73 (6) 378-399 doi:10.1080/00357529809603078

ⓘ Arsenopyrite

Formula: FeAsS

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Aurichalcite

Formula: (Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆

References:

Rosemeyer, Tom (1997) The Flambeau Mine: Rusk County, Wisconsin. Rocks & Minerals, 72 (5). 344-347 doi:10.1080/00357529709605064

ⓘ Azurite

Formula: Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

References:

Olson, Maile and R. Lodge (2016) Ore petrography and precious metals of the primary Flambeau Mine sulfide ore: Abstract: Institue on Lake Superior Geology, Program and Abstracts, vol. 62, p. 113.

ⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)

Formula: Pb(Fe³⁺₂Cu)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

References:

ⓘ Bornite

Formula: Cu₅FeS₄

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Carrollite ?

Formula: CuCo₂S₄

References:

wgnhs.uwex.edu (n.d.) http://wgnhs.uwex.edu/minerals/carrollite/

ⓘ Chalcanthite

Formula: CuSO₄ · 5H₂O

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

✪ Chalcocite

Formula: Cu₂S

Habit: Iridescent tabular crystals and groups, often in pseudo hexagonal twins. Also stalactitic and massive "sooty".

Colour: Grey with iridescent coatings

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

References:

ⓘ Chrysocolla

Formula: Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Cinnabar

Formula: HgS

References:

Olson, Maile and R. Lodge (2016) Ore petrography and precious metals of the primary Flambeau Mine sulfide ore: Abstract: Institue on Lake Superior Geology, Program and Abstracts, vol. 62, p. 113.

ⓘ Cordierite

Formula: Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈

References:

May, E. &

ⓘ Covellite ?

Formula: CuS

References:

Cordua, William S. (1998) Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index. Rocks & Minerals, 73 (6) 378-399 doi:10.1080/00357529809603078

ⓘ Crandallite

Formula: CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Cubanite ?

Formula: CuFe₂S₃

References:

Rosemeyer, Tom (1997) The Flambeau Mine: Rusk County, Wisconsin. Rocks & Minerals, 72 (5). 344-347 doi:10.1080/00357529709605064

ⓘ Cuprite

Formula: Cu₂O

References:

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Cuprite var. Chalcotrichite

Formula: Cu₂O

References:

Rosemeyer, Tom (1997) The Flambeau Mine: Rusk County, Wisconsin. Rocks & Minerals, 72 (5). 344-347 doi:10.1080/00357529709605064

ⓘ Digenite

Formula: Cu₉S₅

References:

Cordua, William S. (1998) Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index. Rocks & Minerals, 73 (6) 378-399 doi:10.1080/00357529809603078

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

References:

Rosemeyer, Tom (1997) The Flambeau Mine: Rusk County, Wisconsin. Rocks & Minerals, 72 (5). 344-347 doi:10.1080/00357529709605064

ⓘ Dzhalindite

Formula: In(OH)₃

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Empressite

Formula: AgTe

References:

Olson, Maile and R. Lodge (2016) Ore petrography and precious metals of the primary Flambeau Mine sulfide ore: Abstract: Institue on Lake Superior Geology, Program and Abstracts, vol. 62, p. 113.

ⓘ Ferristrunzite

Formula: Fe³⁺Fe³⁺₂(PO₄)₂(OH)₃ · 5H₂O

References:

wgnhs.uwex.edu (n.d.) http://wgnhs.uwex.edu/minerals/ferristrunzite/

ⓘ Gahnite

Formula: ZnAl₂O₄

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Glaucodot

Formula: (Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Goethite

Formula: Fe³⁺O(OH)

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO₄ · 2H₂O

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Halotrichite

Formula: Fe²⁺Al₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O

References:

wgnhs.uwex.edu (n.d.) http://wgnhs.uwex.edu/minerals/halotrichite/

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

References:

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Hessite

Formula: Ag₂Te

References:

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Hidalgoite

Formula: PbAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆

References:

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Jarosite ?

Formula: KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆

References:

Cordua, William S. (1998) Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index. Rocks & Minerals, 73 (6) 378-399 doi:10.1080/00357529809603078

ⓘ Kaolinite

Formula: Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄

References:

Cordua, William S. (1998) Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index. Rocks & Minerals, 73 (6) 378-399 doi:10.1080/00357529809603078

ⓘ Kemmlitzite

Formula: SrAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆

References:

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ 'K Feldspar'

References:

ⓘ Kolbeckite

Formula: ScPO₄ · 2H₂O

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Leucophosphite

Formula: KFe³⁺₂(PO₄)₂(OH) · 2H₂O

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Malachite

Formula: Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Marcasite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Metavivianite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂(PO₄)₂(OH)₂ · 6H₂O

References:

Cordua, William S. (1998) Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index. Rocks & Minerals, 73 (6) 378-399 doi:10.1080/00357529809603078

ⓘ Montmorillonite

Formula: (Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O

References:

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

May, E. &

ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite

Formula: K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

May, E. &

ⓘ Native Copper

Formula: Cu

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Native Gold

Formula: Au

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Native Silver

Formula: Ag

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Orthoclase

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Osarizawaite

Formula: Pb(Al₂Cu²⁺)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Petzite

Formula: Ag₃AuTe₂

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Plumbogummite

Formula: PbAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Pseudomalachite

Formula: Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄

References:

wgnhs.uwex.edu (2016) http://wgnhs.uwex.edu/minerals/pseudomalachite/

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Pyrophyllite

Formula: Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂

References:

May, E. &

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Rosasite

Formula: (Cu,Zn)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂

References:

Rosemeyer, Tom (1997) The Flambeau Mine: Rusk County, Wisconsin. Rocks & Minerals, 72 (5). 344-347 doi:10.1080/00357529709605064

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Siderite

Formula: FeCO₃

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Spessartine

Formula: Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

May, E. &

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ 'Tennantite Subgroup'

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)As₄S₁₂S

References:

Jones, C., J. Jones &

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

ⓘ Tenorite

Formula: CuO

References:

May, E. (1977) Flambeau - A Precambrian supergene enriched massive sulfide deposit: Geoscience Wisconsin: 1: 1-26

ⓘ Vivianite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe²⁺₂(PO₄)₂ · 8H₂O

References:

Rosemeyer, Tom (1997) The Flambeau Mine: Rusk County, Wisconsin. Rocks & Minerals, 72 (5). 344-347 doi:10.1080/00357529709605064

ⓘ 'White mica'

References:

Gallery:

Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)ⓘ 'Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite'

Carbonate-rich Apatite

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Carbonate-rich Apatite

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Carbonate-rich Apatite

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂ⓘ Azurite

Azurite, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Azurite, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Azurite, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Azurite, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Azurite, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Azurite, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Azurite, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Azurite, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

CaCO₃ⓘ Calcite

Calcite

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Calcite

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Calcite

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1ⓘ Chrysocolla

Chrysocolla, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Chrysocolla, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Chrysocolla, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

ScPO₄ · 2H₂Oⓘ Kolbeckite

Kolbeckite, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Kolbeckite, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Kolbeckite, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Auⓘ Native Gold

Native Gold, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Native Gold, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

Native Gold, etc.

Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Copper	1.AA.05	Cu
ⓘ	Native Gold	1.AA.05	Au
ⓘ	Native Silver	1.AA.05	Ag
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Chalcocite	2.BA.05	Cu₂S
ⓘ	Digenite	2.BA.10	Cu₉S₅
ⓘ	Bornite	2.BA.15	Cu₅FeS₄
ⓘ	Acanthite	2.BA.35	Ag₂S
ⓘ	Hessite	2.BA.60	Ag₂Te
ⓘ	Petzite	2.BA.75	Ag₃AuTe₂
ⓘ	Covellite ?	2.CA.05a	CuS
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Cubanite ?	2.CB.55a	CuFe₂S₃
ⓘ	Empressite	2.CB.80	AgTe
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Cinnabar	2.CD.15a	HgS
ⓘ	Carrollite ?	2.DA.05	CuCo₂S₄
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Marcasite	2.EB.10a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Glaucodot	2.EB.10c	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS
ⓘ	Arsenopyrite	2.EB.20	FeAsS
ⓘ	'Tennantite Subgroup'	2.GB.05	Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)As₄S₁₂S
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Goethite	4.00.	Fe³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	Cuprite var. Chalcotrichite	4.AA.10	Cu₂O
ⓘ		4.AA.10	Cu₂O
ⓘ	Tenorite	4.AB.10	CuO
ⓘ	Gahnite	4.BB.05	ZnAl₂O₄
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Rutile	4.DB.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	Dzhalindite	4.FC.05	In(OH)₃
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Siderite	5.AB.05	FeCO₃
ⓘ	Ankerite	5.AB.10	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Aragonite	5.AB.15	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Azurite	5.BA.05	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Malachite	5.BA.10	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Rosasite	5.BA.10	(Cu,Zn)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Aurichalcite	5.BA.15	(Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
ⓘ	Alunite	7.BC.10	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
ⓘ	Beaverite-(Cu)	7.BC.10	Pb(Fe³⁺₂Cu)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
ⓘ	Jarosite ?	7.BC.10	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
ⓘ	Osarizawaite	7.BC.10	Pb(Al₂Cu²⁺)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
ⓘ	Chalcanthite	7.CB.20	CuSO₄ · 5H₂O
ⓘ	Halotrichite	7.CB.85	Fe²⁺Al₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O
ⓘ	Gypsum	7.CD.40	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Pseudomalachite	8.BD.05	Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄
ⓘ	Hidalgoite	8.BL.05	PbAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
ⓘ	Kemmlitzite	8.BL.05	SrAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
ⓘ	Crandallite	8.BL.10	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
ⓘ	Plumbogummite	8.BL.10	PbAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
ⓘ	Kolbeckite	8.CD.05	ScPO₄ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Vivianite	8.CE.40	Fe²⁺Fe²⁺₂(PO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
ⓘ	Ferristrunzite	8.DC.25	Fe³⁺Fe³⁺₂(PO₄)₂(OH)₃ · 5H₂O
ⓘ	Metavivianite	8.DC.25	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂(PO₄)₂(OH)₂ · 6H₂O
ⓘ	Leucophosphite	8.DH.10	KFe³⁺₂(PO₄)₂(OH) · 2H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Spessartine	9.AD.25	Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Andalusite	9.AF.10	Al₂(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	var. Chiastolite	9.AF.10	Al₂(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Cordierite	9.CJ.10	Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈
ⓘ	Anthophyllite	9.DD.05	◻Mg₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Actinolite	9.DE.10	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Pyrophyllite	9.EC.10	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	Muscovite var. Illite	9.EC.15	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
ⓘ		9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	var. Sericite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Montmorillonite	9.EC.40	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	Kaolinite	9.ED.05	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
ⓘ	Chrysocolla	9.ED.20	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
ⓘ	Orthoclase	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'K Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
ⓘ	'var. Carbonate-rich Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ	'White mica'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Alunite	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Anthophyllite	◻Mg₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Aurichalcite	(Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)	Pb(Fe₂³⁺Cu)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Chalcanthite	CuSO₄ · 5H₂O
H	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
H	ⓘ Crandallite	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Dzhalindite	In(OH)₃
H	ⓘ Ferristrunzite	Fe³⁺Fe₂³⁺(PO₄)₂(OH)₃ · 5H₂O
H	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Halotrichite	Fe²⁺Al₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O
H	ⓘ Hidalgoite	PbAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
H	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Kemmlitzite	SrAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Kolbeckite	ScPO₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Leucophosphite	KFe₂³⁺(PO₄)₂(OH) · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Metavivianite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺(PO₄)₂(OH)₂ · 6H₂O
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Osarizawaite	Pb(Al₂Cu²⁺)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Plumbogummite	PbAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Pseudomalachite	Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Rosasite	(Cu,Zn)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Vivianite	Fe²⁺Fe₂²⁺(PO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Aurichalcite	(Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆
C	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Rosasite	(Cu,Zn)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Alunite	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Andalusite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Anthophyllite	◻Mg₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Aurichalcite	(Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)	Pb(Fe₂³⁺Cu)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Chalcanthite	CuSO₄ · 5H₂O
O	ⓘ Cuprite var. Chalcotrichite	Cu₂O
O	ⓘ Andalusite var. Chiastolite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
O	ⓘ Cordierite	Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈
O	ⓘ Crandallite	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Cuprite	Cu₂O
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Dzhalindite	In(OH)₃
O	ⓘ Ferristrunzite	Fe³⁺Fe₂³⁺(PO₄)₂(OH)₃ · 5H₂O
O	ⓘ Gahnite	ZnAl₂O₄
O	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Halotrichite	Fe²⁺Al₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Hidalgoite	PbAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
O	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Kemmlitzite	SrAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Kolbeckite	ScPO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Leucophosphite	KFe₂³⁺(PO₄)₂(OH) · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Metavivianite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺(PO₄)₂(OH)₂ · 6H₂O
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Osarizawaite	Pb(Al₂Cu²⁺)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Plumbogummite	PbAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Pseudomalachite	Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Rosasite	(Cu,Zn)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
O	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Tenorite	CuO
O	ⓘ Vivianite	Fe²⁺Fe₂²⁺(PO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
O	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Anthophyllite	◻Mg₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Cordierite	Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Alunite	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Andalusite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Andalusite var. Chiastolite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Al	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Al	ⓘ Cordierite	Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈
Al	ⓘ Crandallite	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Gahnite	ZnAl₂O₄
Al	ⓘ Halotrichite	Fe²⁺Al₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O
Al	ⓘ Hidalgoite	PbAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Al	ⓘ Kemmlitzite	SrAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Al	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Osarizawaite	Pb(Al₂Cu²⁺)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Plumbogummite	PbAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Andalusite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Anthophyllite	◻Mg₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Andalusite var. Chiastolite	Al₂(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Si	ⓘ Cordierite	Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Crandallite	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
P	ⓘ Ferristrunzite	Fe³⁺Fe₂³⁺(PO₄)₂(OH)₃ · 5H₂O
P	ⓘ Kolbeckite	ScPO₄ · 2H₂O
P	ⓘ Leucophosphite	KFe₂³⁺(PO₄)₂(OH) · 2H₂O
P	ⓘ Metavivianite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺(PO₄)₂(OH)₂ · 6H₂O
P	ⓘ Plumbogummite	PbAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
P	ⓘ Pseudomalachite	Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄
P	ⓘ Vivianite	Fe²⁺Fe₂²⁺(PO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
P	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Acanthite	Ag₂S
S	ⓘ Alunite	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
S	ⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)	Pb(Fe₂³⁺Cu)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
S	ⓘ Carrollite	CuCo₂S₄
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Chalcanthite	CuSO₄ · 5H₂O
S	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
S	ⓘ Cinnabar	HgS
S	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
S	ⓘ Cubanite	CuFe₂S₃
S	ⓘ Digenite	Cu₉S₅
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Glaucodot	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS
S	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Halotrichite	Fe²⁺Al₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O
S	ⓘ Hidalgoite	PbAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Kemmlitzite	SrAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Osarizawaite	Pb(Al₂Cu²⁺)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
S	ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)As₄S₁₂S
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Alunite	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
K	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
K	ⓘ Leucophosphite	KFe₂³⁺(PO₄)₂(OH) · 2H₂O
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Crandallite	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
Ca	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Sc	Scandium
Sc	ⓘ Kolbeckite	ScPO₄ · 2H₂O
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Fe	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Fe	ⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)	Pb(Fe₂³⁺Cu)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Cubanite	CuFe₂S₃
Fe	ⓘ Ferristrunzite	Fe³⁺Fe₂³⁺(PO₄)₂(OH)₃ · 5H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Glaucodot	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS
Fe	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Halotrichite	Fe²⁺Al₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Fe	ⓘ Leucophosphite	KFe₂³⁺(PO₄)₂(OH) · 2H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Metavivianite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺(PO₄)₂(OH)₂ · 6H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
Fe	ⓘ Vivianite	Fe²⁺Fe₂²⁺(PO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
Co	Cobalt
Co	ⓘ Carrollite	CuCo₂S₄
Co	ⓘ Glaucodot	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Aurichalcite	(Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆
Cu	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)	Pb(Fe₂³⁺Cu)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Cu	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Cu	ⓘ Carrollite	CuCo₂S₄
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Chalcanthite	CuSO₄ · 5H₂O
Cu	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
Cu	ⓘ Cuprite var. Chalcotrichite	Cu₂O
Cu	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Cu	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
Cu	ⓘ Cubanite	CuFe₂S₃
Cu	ⓘ Cuprite	Cu₂O
Cu	ⓘ Native Copper	Cu
Cu	ⓘ Digenite	Cu₉S₅
Cu	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Osarizawaite	Pb(Al₂Cu²⁺)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Cu	ⓘ Pseudomalachite	Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄
Cu	ⓘ Rosasite	(Cu,Zn)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)As₄S₁₂S
Cu	ⓘ Tenorite	CuO
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Aurichalcite	(Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆
Zn	ⓘ Gahnite	ZnAl₂O₄
Zn	ⓘ Rosasite	(Cu,Zn)₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
As	ⓘ Glaucodot	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS
As	ⓘ Hidalgoite	PbAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
As	ⓘ Kemmlitzite	SrAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
As	ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)As₄S₁₂S
Sr	Strontium
Sr	ⓘ Kemmlitzite	SrAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
Ag	Silver
Ag	ⓘ Acanthite	Ag₂S
Ag	ⓘ Empressite	AgTe
Ag	ⓘ Hessite	Ag₂Te
Ag	ⓘ Petzite	Ag₃AuTe₂
Ag	ⓘ Native Silver	Ag
In	Indium
In	ⓘ Dzhalindite	In(OH)₃
Te	Tellurium
Te	ⓘ Empressite	AgTe
Te	ⓘ Hessite	Ag₂Te
Te	ⓘ Petzite	Ag₃AuTe₂
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
Au	Gold
Au	ⓘ Native Gold	Au
Au	ⓘ Petzite	Ag₃AuTe₂
Hg	Mercury
Hg	ⓘ Cinnabar	HgS
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Beaverite-(Cu)	Pb(Fe₂³⁺Cu)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Pb	ⓘ Hidalgoite	PbAl₃(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆
Pb	ⓘ Osarizawaite	Pb(Al₂Cu²⁺)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Pb	ⓘ Plumbogummite	PbAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆

Other Databases

Wikipedia:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flambeau_Mine
Wikidata ID:	Q24061922

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

North AmericaContinent

North America PlateTectonic Plate

Minnesota River DomainDomain
Superior Craton
- Penokean OrogenCraton

USA

Wisconsin
- Ladysmith-Rhinelander Metavolcanic ComplexComplex

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

May, E.R. (1977) Flambeau - A Precambrian supergene enriched massive sulfide deposit. Geoscience Wisconsin: 1: 1-26. https://wgnhs.wisc.edu/pubshare/GS01-a01.pdf

Rosemeyer, T. (1995): Microminerals of the Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin. Rocks and Minerals, 70, 335-339.

Skillings Mining Review (1995) Flambeau Mining Co. starting second full calendar year of operating one of the world’s higher grade copper/gold mines at Ladysmith, Wisconsin. Skillings Mining Review: 84(4): 4-7.

May, E.R., Dinkowitz, S.R. (1996) An overview of the Flambeau supergene enriched massive sulfide deposit: geology and mineralogy, Rusk County, WI. In: LaBerge, G.L. (Ed.) (1996) Volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits of northern Wisconsin: A commemorative volume: Institute on Lake Superior Geology, Proceedings, 42nd. Annual Meeting, Cable, Wisconsin, part 2: 67-94.

LaBerge, G.L. (Ed.) (1996) Volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits of northern Wisconsin: A commemorative volume. Institute on Lake Superior Geology Proceedings, 42nd Annual Meeting, Cable, Wisconsin: volume 42, part 2, 179 pages. https://flambeaumineexposed2.files.wordpress.com/2015/07/ilsg_42_1996_pt2_cable-cv.pdf

Rosemeyer, Tom (1997) The Flambeau Mine: Rusk County, Wisconsin. Rocks & Minerals, 72 (5). 344-347 doi:10.1080/00357529709605064

Wenrich, Karen J. (1997) FM-TGMS-MSA Symposium on Copper and Copper Minerals (Abstracts) The Mineralogical Record, 28 (1) 51-55

Cordua, William S. (1998) Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index. Rocks & Minerals, 73 (6) 378-399 doi:10.1080/00357529809603078

LaBerge, Gene, Jones, Casey, Jones, Jane Koepp (1999) The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. The Mineralogical Record, 30 (2) 107-131

Motti, J, Buchholz, T., Falster, A.U., Simmons, W.B., Webber, K.L. (1999) Copper, silver and gold from the Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin. Rocks and Minerals: 74(3): 186-187. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alexander-Falster/publication/258511415_Copper_Silver_and_Gold_from_the_Flambeau_Mine_Ladysmith_Rusk_Co_Wisconsin/links/54de26560cf2814662edae0f/Copper-Silver-and-Gold-from-the-Flambeau-Mine-Ladysmith-Rusk-Co-Wisconsin.pdf

www.flambeaumine.com (2005) https://www.flambeaumine.com/

Hartingh, A.M. (2006) Economic sustainability of the Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Wisconsin. Master's Thesis, Michigan Technological University. https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1444&context=etds

wisconsingeologicalsurvey.org (2011) http://wisconsingeologicalsurvey.org/Mineral%20Index/Minerals/ferristrunzite.htm

wisconsingeologicalsurvey.org (2011) http://wisconsingeologicalsurvey.org/Mineral%20Index/Minerals/vivianite.htm

wisconsingeologicalsurvey.org (2011) http://wisconsingeologicalsurvey.org/Mineral%20Index/Minerals/pseudomalachite.htm

Jones, Casey (2012) Collecting at the Flambeau Mine. https://www.mindat.org/article.php/450/Collecting+at+the+Flambeau+Mine

LaBerge, G., Kluessendorf, J., Cordua, W. (2014) A Story in Stone: The Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin.

wgnhs.uwex.edu (n.d.) http://wgnhs.uwex.edu/wisconsin-geology/minerals-wisconsin/

Olson, Maile, Lodge, R. (2016) Ore petrography and precious metals of the primary Flambeau Mine sulfide ore (abstract). Institute on Lake Superior Geology, Program and Abstracts, volume 62: 113-114. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309739136_Ore_Petrography_and_Precious_Metals_of_the_Primary_Flambeau_Massive_Sulfide_Ore

Olson, M.J., Lodge, W.D. (2016) Petrographic Analysis of the Flambeau Sulfide Ore Body. https://minds.wisconsin.edu/handle/1793/76021?show=full

dnr.wisconsin.gov (2020) https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/topic/Mines/Flambeau.html

humansandnature.org (2022) https://humansandnature.org/shoes-mining-and-cutting-to-the-truth-flambeau-reclamation/

www.youtube.com (n.d.) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xnjugsASrXE&t=6s

[1]Lodge, Robert W.D., Zens, Zacharie A., Jacobson, Regan E., Leybourne, Matthew I. (2024) Geology and Lithogeochemistry of the Paleoproterozoic Flambeau Cu-Zn-Au Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposit, Wisconsin, USA. Economic Geology, 119 (1) 23-44 doi:10.5382/econgeo.5039

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Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USAiRegional Level TypesFlambeau MineMine (Reclaimed) LadysmithCity Rusk CountyCounty WisconsinState USACountry function showexplain() { $("#locexplain").toggle(); if (typeof movemap === "function") movemap(); }

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Flambeau Mine, Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA i
Regional Level Types
Flambeau Mine Mine (Reclaimed)
Ladysmith City
Rusk County County
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