Vote for your favorite mineral in #MinCup26! - Sphalerite vs. Anorthite
Both zinc ore Sphalerite and calcium plagioclase feldspar Anorthite have perfect cleavage that will split cleanly if you hit them with a hammer, but only one can claim a larger split of your votes!
Log InRegister
Quick Links : The Mindat ManualThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMindat Newsletter [Free Download]
Home PageAbout MindatThe Mindat ManualHistory of MindatCopyright StatusWho We AreContact UsAdvertise on Mindat
Donate to MindatCorporate SponsorshipSponsor a PageSponsored PagesMindat AdvertisersAdvertise on Mindat
Learning CenterWhat is a mineral?The most common minerals on earthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesThe ElementsThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryGeologic TimeExplore Fossils
Minerals by PropertiesMinerals by ChemistryMineral Visual ExplorerAdvanced Locality SearchRandom MineralRandom LocalitySearch by minIDLocalities Near MeSearch ArticlesSearch GlossaryMore Search Options
Search For:
Mineral Name:
Locality Name:
Keyword(s):
 
The Mindat ManualAdd a New PhotoRate PhotosLocality Edit ReportCoordinate Completion ReportAdd Glossary Item
Mining CompaniesStatisticsUsersMineral MuseumsClubs & OrganizationsMineral Shows & EventsThe Mindat DirectoryDevice SettingsThe Mineral QuizTime Machine
Photo SearchPhoto GalleriesSearch by ColorPhoto Colour ExplorerNew Photos TodayNew Photos YesterdayMembers' Photo GalleriesPast Photo of the Day GalleryPhotography

Xanthi, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greecei
Regional Level Types
XanthiRegional Unit
Eastern Macedonia and ThraceAdministrative Region
GreeceCountry

This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
PhotosMapsSearchMineralogy
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
Xánthi48,221 (2017)
Kimméria3,424 (2013)
Echínos2,162 (2013)
Sélero2,059 (2017)
Genisséa1,935 (2017)
Iliokentima1,405 (2017)
Mindat Locality ID:
10647
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:10647:7
GUID (UUID V4):
0
Other Languages:
French:
Xánthi, Macédoine-Orientale-et-Thrace, Grèce
German:
Xanthi, Ostmakedonien und Thrakien, Griechenland
Greek:
Ξάνθη, Περιφέρεια Ανατολικής Μακεδονίας και Θράκης, Ελλάδα
Italian:
Xanthi, Macedonia Orientale e Tracia, Grecia
Russian:
Ксанти, Восточная Македония и Фракия, Греция
Simplified Chinese:
克桑西, 东马其顿-色雷斯, 希腊
Spanish:
Unidad periférica de Xánthi, Periferia de Tracia y Macedonia Oriental, Grecia
Albanian:
Ksanthi, Maqedonia Lindore dhe Trakia, Greqia
Arabic:
كسانثي, مقدونيا الشرقية وتراقيا, اليونان
Armenian:
Քսանթի, Արևելյան Մակեդոնիա և Թրակիա, Հունաստան
Belarusian (Tarashkevitsa):
Ксанці, Грэцыя
Bulgarian:
Ксанти, Източна Македония и Тракия, Гърция
Catalan:
Unitat perifèrica de Xanthi, Macedònia Oriental i Tràcia, Grècia
Cebuano:
Xánthi, East Macedonia and Thrace, Gresya
Croatian:
Ksanti, Periferija Istočna Makedonija i Trakija, Grčka
Czech:
Xanthi, Východní Makedonie a Thrákie, Řecko
Dutch:
Xanthi, Oost-Macedonië en Thracië, Griekenland
Estonian:
Xánthi, Ida-Makedoonia ja Traakia piirkond, Kreeka
Farsi/Persian:
زانتی, مقدونیه شرقی و تراکیه, یونان
Finnish:
Xánthi, Itä-Makedonia ja Traakia, Kreikka
Hebrew:
קסנתי, מזרח מקדוניה ותראקיה, יוון
Japanese:
クサンティ, 東マケドニア・トラキア, ギリシャ
Korean:
크산티, 동마케도니아 트라키주, 그리스
Latin:
Xanthe, Macedonia Orientalis et Thracia, Graecia
Lithuanian:
Ksantė, Rytų Makedonijos ir Trakijos periferija, Graikija
Norwegian (Nynorsk):
Xánthi, Aust-Makedonía og Thráki, Hellas
Ossetian:
Ксанти, Грекъ
Polish:
Jednostka regionalna Ksanti, Region Macedonia Wschodnia i Tracja, Grecja
Portuguese:
Xanti, Macedônia Oriental e Trácia, Grécia
Romanian:
Xanthi, Macedonia de Est și Tracia, Grecia
Serbian:
Ксанти, Периферија Источна Македонија и Тракија, Грчка
Serbo-Croatian:
Ksanti, Periferija Istočna Makedonija i Trakija, Grčka
Swedish:
Xanthi, Östra Makedonien och Thrakien, Grekland
Turkish:
İskeçe, Doğu Makedonya ve Trakya, Yunanistan
Ukrainian:
Ксанті, Східна Македонія та Фракія, Греція
Urdu:
کسانتھی, مشرقی مقدونیہ اور تھریس, یونان
Vietnamese:
Xanthi, Đông Macedonia và Thrace, Hy Lạp
Waray:
Xanthi, Sinirangan nga Macedonia ngan Thracia, Gresya


Mineralogically interesting areas occur in the broader region around the city of Xanthi and the villages of Kimmeria and Lefkopetra, where the 27–28 Ma Oligocene Xanthi pluton intrudes gneisses, amphibolites, and marbles, producing contact metamorphism (e.g., skarn formation) and associated mineralization. Typical mineral assemblages include epidote, quartz, grossular–andradite garnet, specular hematite, and calcite, along with ore minerals such as molybdenite and magnetite. Although most specimens circulating within the collecting community are labeled as originating near the village of Kimmeria, the most prolific localities in terms of production are actually situated closer to Lefkopetra.

Another mineralogically interesting area occurs near the border between the regional unit of Xanthi and Bulgaria. Approximately 800 meters northwest of the village of Ano Thermes, overprinted kyanite–eclogite lensoid bodies (about 5 m in diameter) are found within migmatites. In the broader area around Thermes, Meses Thermes, and Ano Thermes, both vein-type and stratabound base-metal sulfide mineralization occur. The sulfide mineralization in the Greek area represents the southeastern continuation of the same ore system as the Madan ore field in Bulgaria.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

49 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded


Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Aikinite
Formula: CuPbBiS3
Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Albite var. Andesine
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Albite var. Oligoclase
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
'Allanite Group'
Formula: (A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Description: With kelyphite rims (pargasite + andesine/labradorite).
'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5(T8O22)W2
Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Anorthite
Formula: Ca(Al2Si2O8)
Anorthite var. Bytownite
Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Anorthite var. Labradorite
Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
Barroisite
Formula: ◻(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Description: Inclusions in garnet and kyanite in the symplectites post-omphacite.
'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Description: - Symplectites with oligoclase - Associated with hogbomite (TiO2 up to 6.7 wt % in biotite)
'Biotite var. Titanium-bearing Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Description: - Symplectites with oligoclase - Associated with hogbomite (TiO2 up to 6.7 wt % in biotite)
Bismuthinite
Formula: Bi2S3
Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
'Chlorite Group'
'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
Corundum
Formula: Al2O3
Corundum var. Sapphire
Formula: Al2O3
Covellite
Formula: CuS
Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
'Ferro-actinolite-Tremolite Series'
Galena
Formula: PbS
'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
Goethite
Formula: Fe3+O(OH)
Grossular
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
'Hercynite-Spinel Series'
'Högbomite Group'
Description: Near kyanite or it's symplectic rim, associated with rutile, ilmenite, spinel, plagioclase, etc.
Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
Kyanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Description: Near cpx + plagioclase symplectites after omphacite. Replaced by symplectic spinel + plagioclase + corundum.
'Limonite'
Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Margarite
Formula: CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Matildite
Formula: AgBiS2
Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
'Olivine Group'
Formula: M2SiO4
Omphacite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(AleFe3+fFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
Description: - Inclusions in kyanite - Replaced by cpx+oligoclase symplectites
'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'
Description: Inclusions in plagioclase.
Paragonite
Formula: NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Pargasite
Formula: NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Description: In kelyphitic rims around garnets.
Pekoite
Formula: CuPbBi11S18
Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Powellite
Formula: Ca(MoO4)
Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Pyrophanite
Formula: Mn2+TiO3
Pyrophyllite
Formula: Al2Si4O10(OH)2
Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Rutile
Formula: TiO2
Sapphirine
Formula: Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Description: Metastable Al-rich variety. Associated with rutile, ilmenite, andesine, near kyanite or it's symplectic rims.
'Scapolite'
Scheelite
Formula: Ca(WO4)
'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
Titanite
Formula: CaTiO(SiO4)
'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Tschermakite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Description: Inclusions in garnet and kyanite in the symplectites post-omphacite.
Uraninite
Formula: UO2
Description: Note: inferred from the 2015 paper, although not specifically mentioned.
Vittinkiite
Formula: MnMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Wollastonite
Formula: Ca3(Si3O9)
Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
Zoisite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
Covellite2.CA.05aCuS
Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
Galena2.CD.10PbS
Bismuthinite2.DB.05Bi2S3
Molybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Arsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
Aikinite2.HB.05aCuPbBiS3
Pekoite2.HB.05aCuPbBi11S18
Matildite2.JA.20AgBiS2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
Goethite4.00.Fe3+O(OH)
Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Spinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
Corundum4.CB.05Al2O3
Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
Ilmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
Pyrophanite4.CB.05Mn2+TiO3
Corundum
var. Sapphire
4.CB.05Al2O3
Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
Rutile4.DB.05TiO2
Uraninite4.DL.05UO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
Dolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
Malachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
Powellite7.GA.05Ca(MoO4)
Scheelite7.GA.05Ca(WO4)
Group 9 - Silicates
Andradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Almandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Grossular9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Zircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
Kyanite9.AF.15Al2(SiO4)O
Titanite9.AG.15CaTiO(SiO4)
Epidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Zoisite9.BG.10(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Omphacite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(AleFe3+fFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
Actinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Tschermakite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Pargasite9.DE.15NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Barroisite9.DE.20◻(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Wollastonite9.DG.05Ca3(Si3O9)
Sapphirine9.DH.45Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Vittinkiite9.DK.MnMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Pyrophyllite9.EC.10Al2Si4O10(OH)2
Muscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Paragonite9.EC.15NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Muscovite
var. Sericite
9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Phlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Margarite9.EC.30CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Albite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
var. Andesine9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Anorthite9.FA.35Ca(Al2Si2O8)
var. Bytownite9.FA.35(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
var. Labradorite9.FA.35(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Albite
var. Oligoclase
9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Unclassified
'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5(T8O22)W2
'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
'Chlorite Group'-
'Limonite'-
'Tourmaline'-AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
'Ferro-actinolite-Tremolite Series'-
'Hercynite-Spinel Series'-
'Scapolite'-
'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'-
'Biotite
var. Titanium-bearing Biotite'
-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
'Olivine Group'-M2SiO4
'Högbomite Group'-
'Allanite Group'-(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
H Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
H Barroisite◻(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
H BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
H Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
H GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
H MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
H MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
H MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
H PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
H Tschermakite◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
H Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
H Ferro-actinolite-Tremolite Series
H Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
H Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
H Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
BBoron
B TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
CCarbon
C CalciteCaCO3
C DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
C MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
OOxygen
O Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
O AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
O Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5(T8O22)W2
O Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
O AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
O AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
O AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
O Barroisite◻(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
O BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
O Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
O CalciteCaCO3
O CorundumAl2O3
O DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
O Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
O GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
O HematiteFe2O3
O IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
O KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
O Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
O MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
O MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
O MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
O MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
O Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
O ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
O PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O PowelliteCa(MoO4)
O PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
O PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
O QuartzSiO2
O RutileTiO2
O Corundum var. SapphireAl2O3
O SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
O ScheeliteCa(WO4)
O SpinelMgAl2O4
O TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
O TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
O Tschermakite◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
O UraniniteUO2
O WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
O ZirconZr(SiO4)
O Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O Ferro-actinolite-Tremolite Series
O Hercynite-Spinel Series
O Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
O Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
O Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
O Olivine GroupM2SiO4
O Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O VittinkiiteMnMn3Mn[Si5O15]
FFluorine
F BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
F Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
NaSodium
Na AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Na Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Na Barroisite◻(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Na Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Na Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Na Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Na Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Na ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Na PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
MgMagnesium
Mg Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mg Barroisite◻(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Mg BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mg DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mg Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mg PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Mg PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mg SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Mg SpinelMgAl2O4
Mg Tschermakite◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Mg Ferro-actinolite-Tremolite Series
Mg Hercynite-Spinel Series
Mg Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
AlAluminium
Al AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Al Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Al AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Al AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Al Barroisite◻(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Al BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Al Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Al CorundumAl2O3
Al Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Al GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Al KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Al Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Al MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Al MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Al Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Al ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Al PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Al Corundum var. SapphireAl2O3
Al SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Al SpinelMgAl2O4
Al Tschermakite◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Al Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Al Hercynite-Spinel Series
Al Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
SiSilicon
Si Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Si AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Si Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Si AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Si AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Si AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Si Barroisite◻(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Si BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Si Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Si Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Si KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Si Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Si MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Si MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Si Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Si ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Si PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Si QuartzSiO2
Si SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Si TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Si Tschermakite◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Si WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Si ZirconZr(SiO4)
Si Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si Ferro-actinolite-Tremolite Series
Si Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Si Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Si Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Si Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Si Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si VittinkiiteMnMn3Mn[Si5O15]
SSulfur
S AikiniteCuPbBiS3
S ArsenopyriteFeAsS
S BismuthiniteBi2S3
S ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
S CovelliteCuS
S GalenaPbS
S MatilditeAgBiS2
S MolybdeniteMoS2
S PekoiteCuPbBi11S18
S PyriteFeS2
S SphaleriteZnS
KPotassium
K BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
K MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
CaCalcium
Ca Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Ca Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Ca AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Ca AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Ca Barroisite◻(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Ca Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Ca CalciteCaCO3
Ca DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Ca Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ca GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Ca Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Ca MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Ca Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Ca Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Ca PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Ca PowelliteCa(MoO4)
Ca ScheeliteCa(WO4)
Ca TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Ca Tschermakite◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Ca WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Ca Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ca Ferro-actinolite-Tremolite Series
TiTitanium
Ti BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Ti IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Ti PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
Ti RutileTiO2
Ti TitaniteCaTiO(SiO4)
Ti Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
MnManganese
Mn PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
Mn VittinkiiteMnMn3Mn[Si5O15]
FeIron
Fe Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Fe AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Fe ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Fe AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Fe BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fe ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Fe Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Fe GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Fe HematiteFe2O3
Fe IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Fe MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Fe Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Fe PyriteFeS2
Fe Ferro-actinolite-Tremolite Series
Fe Hercynite-Spinel Series
Fe Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
CuCopper
Cu AikiniteCuPbBiS3
Cu ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cu CovelliteCuS
Cu MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cu PekoiteCuPbBi11S18
ZnZinc
Zn SphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
As ArsenopyriteFeAsS
ZrZirconium
Zr ZirconZr(SiO4)
MoMolybdenum
Mo MolybdeniteMoS2
Mo PowelliteCa(MoO4)
AgSilver
Ag MatilditeAgBiS2
WTungsten
W ScheeliteCa(WO4)
PbLead
Pb AikiniteCuPbBiS3
Pb GalenaPbS
Pb PekoiteCuPbBi11S18
BiBismuth
Bi AikiniteCuPbBiS3
Bi BismuthiniteBi2S3
Bi MatilditeAgBiS2
Bi PekoiteCuPbBi11S18
UUranium
U UraniniteUO2

Fossils

This region is too big or complex to display the fossil list, try looking at smaller subregions.

Localities in this Region

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
EuropeContinent

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.
 
and/or  
Mindat.org® is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Mindat® and mindat.org® are registered trademarks of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2026, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau.
Content on this site may not be used to train, fine-tune, or otherwise develop artificial intelligence or machine learning models without prior written permission - see our Terms & Conditions.
To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: September 3, 2026 06:42:13 Page updated: July 27, 2026 08:14:39
Go to top of page