Quick Links : The Mindat Manual The Rock H. Currier Digital Library Mindat Newsletter [Free Download]

Home Page About Mindat The Mindat Manual History of Mindat Copyright Status Who We Are Contact Us Advertise on Mindat

Donate to Mindat Corporate Sponsorship Sponsor a Page Sponsored Pages Mindat Advertisers Advertise on Mindat

Learning Center What is a mineral?The most common minerals on earth Information for Educators Mindat Articles The Elements The Rock H. Currier Digital Library Geologic Time Explore Fossils

Minerals by Properties Minerals by Chemistry Mineral Visual Explorer Advanced Locality Search Random Mineral Random Locality Search by minID Localities Near Me Search Articles Search Glossary More Search Options

The Mindat Manual Add a New Photo Rate Photos Locality Edit Report Coordinate Completion Report Add Glossary Item

Mining Companies Statistics Users Mineral Museums Clubs & Organizations Mineral Shows & Events The Mindat Directory Device Settings The Mineral Quiz Time Machine

Photo Search Photo Galleries Search by Color Photo Colour Explorer New Photos Today New Photos Yesterday Members' Photo Galleries Past Photo of the Day Gallery Photography

Pyrophanite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.

Photos of Pyrophanite (120)Discuss Pyrophanite

Pyrophanite Gallery Search Photos of Pyrophanite

Edit Pyrophanite Add Synonym Edit CIF structures Clear Cache

Pyrophanite

Big Rock Quarry, Granite Mountain area, Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas, USA

Pyrophanite

Pumice quarries, Wingertsberg, Mendig, Mendig, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Pyrophanite

Granite Mountain Quarry No. 1, Granite Mountain Area, Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas, USA

Pyrophanite

Big Rock Quarry, Granite Mountain area, Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas, USA

Pyrophanite

Pumice quarries, Wingertsberg, Mendig, Mendig, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Pyrophanite

Granite Mountain Quarry No. 1, Granite Mountain Area, Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas, USA

Pyrophanite

Big Rock Quarry, Granite Mountain area, Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas, USA

Pyrophanite

Pumice quarries, Wingertsberg, Mendig, Mendig, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Hide all sections | Show all sections

About PyrophaniteHide

Formula:

Mn²⁺TiO₃

Sb-bearing varieties are known from several metamorphic manganese mineralisations.

Colour:

Blood red, greenish yellow, brownish, blackish

Lustre:

Metallic, Sub-Metallic

Hardness:

5 - 6

Specific Gravity:

4.537

Crystal System:

Trigonal

Member of:

Ilmenite Group

Name:

Named in 1890 by Axel Hamberg from the Greek πΰρ, fire, and φαίνεσθαι, to appear, in allusion to its red color.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden

Ilmenite-Pyrophanite Series. The manganese analogue of Geikielite, Ilmenite, and Ecandrewsite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

3322

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:3322:6

IMA Classification of PyrophaniteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

IMA Formula:

Mn²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃

First published:

1890

Classification of PyrophaniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

4.CB.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
B : With medium-sized cations

Dana 8th ed.:

4.3.5.3

4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
3 : A₂X₃

Hey's CIM Ref.:

7.9.13

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
9 : Oxides of Ti

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Pph	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Pph	Whitney & Evans (2010)	Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
Pyf	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019)	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of PyrophaniteHide

Lustre:

Metallic, Sub-Metallic

Transparency:

Opaque

Colour:

Blood red, greenish yellow, brownish, blackish

Comment:

Orange in transmitted light. Greenish yellow colour tentatively attributed to Ce content (Lee, 1955).

Streak:

Ochre yellow with greenish tinge

Hardness:

5 - 6 on Mohs scale

Hardness:

VHN₅₀=435 - 579 kg/mm² - Vickers

Cleavage:

Perfect
On {0221} perfect; {1012} less perfect.

Fracture:

Conchoidal, Sub-Conchoidal

Density:

4.537 g/cm³ (Measured) 4.596 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of PyrophaniteHide

Type:

Uniaxial (-)

RI values:

n_ω = 2.481 n_ε = 2.21

Max. Birefringence:

δ = 0.271
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Thickness: 30 µm Order divisions

Rotation:

Surface Relief:

Moderate

Reflectivity:

Wavelength	R₁ (%)	R₂ (%)
400nm	23.5%	19.9%
420nm	22.7%	19.6%
440nm	21.8%	18.9%
460nm	21.1%	18.2%
480nm	20.4%	17.6%
500nm	19.9%	17.1%
520nm	19.4%	16.7%
540nm	19.0%	16.3%
560nm	18.8%	16.1%
580nm	18.5%	15.9%
600nm	18.3%	15.7%
620nm	18.2%	15.6%
640nm	18.0%	15.5%
660nm	17.8%	15.4%
680nm	17.8%	15.3%
700nm	17.6%	15.2%

Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 23.5%.
R₁ shown in black, R₂ shown in red

Chemistry of PyrophaniteHide

Mindat Formula:

Mn²⁺TiO₃

Sb-bearing varieties are known from several metamorphic manganese mineralisations.

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
Mn	36.430 %
O	31.828 %
Ti	31.741 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Mn, O, Ti - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Fe,Zn

Chemical AnalysisHide

Oxide wt%:

	1	2
TiO₂	51.75 %	51.50 %
MnO	35.09 %	41.00 %
FeO	13.23 %	6.60 %
Total:	100.07 %	99.1 %

Empirical formulas:

Sample ID	Empirical Formula
3	(Mn0.76,Fe0.21,Mg0.02)0.99 Ti0.99 O3

Sample references:

ID	Locality	Reference	Notes
1	Stokksund, Larvik Commune, Vestfold, Norway	Neumann, Henrich; Bergstøl, Sveinung (1964) Contributions to the mineralogy of Norway. No. 25. Pyrophanite in the southern part of the Oslo area. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift [Norwegian Journal of Geology], 44 (1). 39-42	analyzed by B. Bruun
2	Stokkøya, Larvik Commune, Vestfold, Norway	Neumann, Henrich; Bergstøl, Sveinung (1964) Contributions to the mineralogy of Norway. No. 25. Pyrophanite in the southern part of the Oslo area. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift [Norwegian Journal of Geology], 44 (1). 39-42	X-ray fluorescence analysis
3	Gabbro Quarry, Radau valley, Bad Harzburg, Goslar District, Lower Saxony, Germany	Dennis Harries, EPMA	Polished grain mount. Fully calibrated quantitative analysis.

Crystallography of PyrophaniteHide

Crystal System:

Trigonal

Class (H-M):

3 - Rhombohedral

Space Group:

Cell Parameters:

a = 5.13948(7) Å, c = 14.2829(4) Å

Ratio:

a:c = 1 : 2.779

Unit Cell V:

326.73 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Fine scaly; tabular.

Crystal StructureHide

Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4

View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c

Rotation
Stop | Start

Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow

Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Locality	Temp (K)
0006106	Pyrophanite	Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2006) The pyrophanite-geikielite solid-solution series: crystal structures of the Mn1-xMgxTiO3 series (0 < x < 0.7) The Canadian Mineralogist 44 1099-1107	2006	synthetic	293
0006105	Pyrophanite	Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2006) The pyrophanite-geikielite solid-solution series: crystal structures of the Mn1-xMgxTiO3 series (0 < x < 0.7) The Canadian Mineralogist 44 1099-1107	2006	synthetic	293
0006104	Pyrophanite	Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2006) The pyrophanite-geikielite solid-solution series: crystal structures of the Mn1-xMgxTiO3 series (0 < x < 0.7) The Canadian Mineralogist 44 1099-1107	2006	synthetic	293
0006103	Pyrophanite	Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2006) The pyrophanite-geikielite solid-solution series: crystal structures of the Mn1-xMgxTiO3 series (0 < x < 0.7) The Canadian Mineralogist 44 1099-1107	2006	synthetic	293
0006102	Pyrophanite	Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2006) The pyrophanite-geikielite solid-solution series: crystal structures of the Mn1-xMgxTiO3 series (0 < x < 0.7) The Canadian Mineralogist 44 1099-1107	2006	synthetic	293
0008979	Pyrophanite	Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2005) Rhombohedral ilmenite group nickel titanates with Zn, Mg, and Mn: synthesis and crystal structures Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 442-449	2005		293
0008978	Pyrophanite	Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2005) Rhombohedral ilmenite group nickel titanates with Zn, Mg, and Mn: synthesis and crystal structures Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 442-449	2005		293
0008977	Pyrophanite	Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2005) Rhombohedral ilmenite group nickel titanates with Zn, Mg, and Mn: synthesis and crystal structures Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 442-449	2005		293
0005998	Pyrophanite	Mitchell R H, Liferovich R P (2004) The pyrophanite-ecandrewsite solid-solution: crystal structures of the Mn1-xZnxSiO3 series (0.1 <= x <= 0.8) The Canadian Mineralogist 42 1871-1880	2004		293
0005997	Pyrophanite	Mitchell R H, Liferovich R P (2004) The pyrophanite-ecandrewsite solid-solution: crystal structures of the Mn1-xZnxSiO3 series (0.1 <= x <= 0.8) The Canadian Mineralogist 42 1871-1880	2004		293
0005996	Pyrophanite	Mitchell R H, Liferovich R P (2004) The pyrophanite-ecandrewsite solid-solution: crystal structures of the Mn1-xZnxSiO3 series (0.1 <= x <= 0.8) The Canadian Mineralogist 42 1871-1880	2004		293
0007448	Pyrophanite	Ko J, Prewitt C T (1988) High-pressure phase transition in MnTiO3 from the ilmenite to the LiNbO3 structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 15 355-362	1988		293
0009805	Pyrophanite	Kidoh K, Tanaka K, Marumo F, Takei H (1984) Electron density distribution in ilmenite-type crystals. II. Manganese (II) titanium (IV) trioxide Acta Crystallographica B40 329-332	1984		293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Pyrophanite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Liferovich R P'
'Mitchell R H'
_journal_name_full 'The Canadian Mineralogist'
_journal_volume 44 
_journal_year 2006
_journal_page_first 1099
_journal_page_last 1107
_publ_section_title
;
 The pyrophanite-geikielite solid-solution series: crystal structures of the
 Mn1-xMgxTiO3 series (0 < x < 0.7)
 Sample: XMg = 0.5
;
_database_code_amcsd 0006106
_chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic'
_chemical_formula_sum '(Mn.5 Mg.5) Ti O3'
_cell_length_a 5.1007
_cell_length_b 5.1007
_cell_length_c 14.0910
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 120
_cell_volume 317.491
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      4.252
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'R -3'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '2/3+x,1/3+y,1/3+z'
  '1/3+x,2/3+y,2/3+z'
  'y,-x+y,-z'
  '2/3+y,1/3-x+y,1/3-z'
  '1/3+y,2/3-x+y,2/3-z'
  '-x+y,-x,z'
  '2/3-x+y,1/3-x,1/3+z'
  '1/3-x+y,2/3-x,2/3+z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '2/3-x,1/3-y,1/3-z'
  '1/3-x,2/3-y,2/3-z'
  '-y,x-y,z'
  '2/3-y,1/3+x-y,1/3+z'
  '1/3-y,2/3+x-y,2/3+z'
  'x-y,x,-z'
  '2/3+x-y,1/3+x,1/3-z'
  '1/3+x-y,2/3+x,2/3-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Mn   0.00000   0.00000   0.35891   0.50000   0.00621
Mg   0.00000   0.00000   0.35891   0.50000   0.00621
Ti   0.00000   0.00000   0.14685   1.00000   0.00342
O1   0.31817   0.02865   0.24469   1.00000   0.00671

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
2.785 Å	(100)
2.569 Å	(70)
1.8887 Å	(40)
1.7469 Å	(40)
1.5220 Å	(35)
2.262 Å	(30)
1.4838 Å	(30)

Comments:

Synthetic.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration	4.566-4.550
6 : Secondary asteroid phases	4.566-4.560
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere	>4.45
13 : Hadean serpentinization
Stage 4a: Earth’s earliest continental crust	>4.4-3.0
19 : Granitic intrusive rocks
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits

Geological Setting:

Metamorphosed manganese deposits.

Type Occurrence of PyrophaniteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Harstigen Mine, Pajsberg, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden, number 332791 (holotype).

Other Language Names for PyrophaniteHide

Dutch:Pyrophaniet

German:Pyrophanit

Russian:Пирофанит

Simplified Chinese:红钛锰矿

Spanish:Pirofanita

Relationship of Pyrophanite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Ilmenite Group

Other Members of Ilmenite Group:

Akimotoite	MgSiO₃	Trig. 3 : R3
Ecandrewsite	ZnTiO₃	Trig. 3 : R3
Geikielite	MgTiO₃	Trig. 3 : R3
Hemleyite	Fe²⁺SiO₃	Trig. 3 : R3
Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃	Trig. 3 : R3
'Unnamed (Fe-Cr Oxide)'	FeCrO₃	Trig. 3 : R3

Forms a series with:

Ilmenite

Ilmenite-Pyrophanite Series

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:

15 photos of Pyrophanite associated with Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
15 photos of Pyrophanite associated with Calcite	CaCO₃
14 photos of Pyrophanite associated with Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
10 photos of Pyrophanite associated with Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
8 photos of Pyrophanite associated with Quartz	SiO₂
8 photos of Pyrophanite associated with Serandite	NaMn²⁺₂Si₃O₈(OH)
8 photos of Pyrophanite associated with Spessartine	Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
6 photos of Pyrophanite associated with Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
6 photos of Pyrophanite associated with Ancylite-(Ce)	CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
5 photos of Pyrophanite associated with Catapleiite	Na₂Zr(Si₃O₉) · 2H₂O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

4.CB.	Magnesiohögbomite-6N12S	Mg₅Al₁₁TiO₂₃(OH)	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
4.CB.	Kidodite	BaMg₂Fe₁₆O₂₇	Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P6₃/mmc
4.CB.	Ferrohögbomite-2N2S	[(Fe²⁺,Mg,Zn,Al)₃(Al,Ti,Fe³⁺)₈O₁₅(OH)]₂	Hex. 6mm : P6₃mc
4.CB.	Zhenruite	(MoO₃)₂ · H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
4.CB.	Fuyuanite	Mg₇Nb₆O₁₈(OH)₈	Trig. 3 : P3
4.CB.	Virgilluethite	MoO₃ · H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
4.CB.	Pengite	(Pb₈Sb³⁺₃)_Σ11Sb⁵⁺₉O₃₅	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
4.CB.05	Brizziite	NaSb⁵⁺O₃	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05	Tistarite	Ti³⁺₂O₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
4.CB.05	Hematite	Fe₂O₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
4.CB.05	Ecandrewsite	ZnTiO₃	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05	Melanostibite	Mn²⁺₂Fe³⁺Sb⁵⁺O₆	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05	'UM1998-11-O-AuHSb'	Au⁺₂Sb³⁺O₂(OH)
4.CB.05	Karelianite	V³⁺₂O₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
4.CB.05	Corundum	Al₂O₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
4.CB.05	Eskolaite	Cr₂O₃	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3c
4.CB.05	Geikielite	MgTiO₃	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05	Akimotoite	MgSiO₃	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05	'Unnamed (Fe-Cr Oxide)'	FeCrO₃	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05	'Auroantimonate'	AuSbO₃
4.CB.05	Hemleyite	Fe²⁺SiO₃	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05	Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃	Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.10	Bixbyite-(Fe)	(Fe,Mn)₂O₃	Iso.
4.CB.10	Bixbyite-(Mn)	Mn³⁺₂O₃	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Ia3
4.CB.10	Avicennite	Tl³⁺₂O₃	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Ia3
4.CB.15	Armalcolite	MgTi⁴⁺₂O₅	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.CB.15	Ferropseudobrookite	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺₂O₅	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
4.CB.15	Griffinite	Al₂Ti⁴⁺O₅	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
4.CB.15	Pseudobrookite Group
4.CB.15	Sassite	Ti³⁺₂Ti⁴⁺O₅	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
4.CB.15	Pseudobrookite	Fe³⁺₂Ti⁴⁺O₅	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
4.CB.20	Zincovelesite-6N6S	Zn₃(Fe³⁺,Mn³⁺,Al,Ti)₈O₁₅(OH)	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P3m1
4.CB.20	Magnesiohögbomite-2N4S	(Mg_8.43Fe²⁺_1.57)_Σ=10Al₂₂Ti⁴⁺₂O₄₆(OH)₂	Hex. 6mm : P6₃mc
4.CB.20	Magnesiobeltrandoite-2N3S	(Mg₆Al₂)(Al₁₈Fe³⁺₂)O₃₈(OH)₂	Trig. 3m : P3m1
4.CB.20	Zincohögbomite-2N6S	[(Zn,Mg)₇(Al,Fe³⁺,Ti)₁₆O₃₁(OH)]₂	Hex. 6mm : P6₃mc
4.CB.20	Magnesiohögbomite-6N6S	[(Mg,Fe²⁺)₃(Al,Ti,Fe³⁺)₈O₁₅(OH)]₆	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
4.CB.20	Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S	[(Mg,Fe²⁺,Zn)₄(Al,Ti,Fe³⁺)₁₀O₁₉(OH)]₂	Trig. 3m(32/m) : P31m
4.CB.20	Magnesiohögbomite-2N2S	[(Mg,Fe²⁺)₃[Al₇(Ti,Fe³⁺)]O₁₅(OH)]₂	Hex. 6mm : P6₃mc
4.CB.20	'Ferrohögbomite-6N12S'	[(Fe²⁺,Mg,Zn)₅(Al,Ti,Fe³⁺)₁₂O₂₃(OH)]₆	Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
4.CB.20	Zincohögbomite-2N2S	[(Zn,Al,Fe²⁺)₃(Al,Fe³⁺,Ti)₈O₁₅(OH)]₂	Hex. 6mm : P6₃mc
4.CB.25	Kleberite	FeTi₆O₁₁(OH)₅	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
4.CB.25	Pseudorutile	Fe³⁺₂Ti⁴⁺₃O₉	Hex. 622 : P6₃22
4.CB.30	Oxyvanite	V³⁺₂V⁴⁺O₅	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.CB.30	Berdesinskiite	V³⁺₂TiO₅	Mon.
4.CB.30	Kaitianite	Ti³⁺₂Ti⁴⁺O₅	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.CB.35	Machiite	Al₂Ti₃O₉	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.CB.35	Vestaite	(Ti⁴⁺Fe²⁺)Ti⁴⁺₃O₉	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.CB.35	Olkhonskite	(Cr,V)₂Ti₃O₉	Mon.
4.CB.35	Schreyerite	V³⁺₂Ti⁴⁺₃O₉	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.CB.40	Zincorinmanite-(Zn)	Zn₂Sb₂(Fe³⁺₄Zn₂)O₁₄(OH)₂	Hex. 6mm : P6₃mc
4.CB.40	Majindeite	Mg₂Mo₃O₈	Hex. 6mm : P6₃mc
4.CB.40	Almagreraite	CuZnMn⁴⁺₃O₈	Orth. mm2 : Pmn2₁
4.CB.40	Kamiokite	Fe₂Mo₃O₈	Hex. 6mm : P6₃mc
4.CB.40	Nolanite	V³⁺₈Fe³⁺₂O₁₄(OH)₂	Hex. 6mm : P6₃mc
4.CB.40	Iseite	Mn₂Mo₃O₈	Hex. 6mm : P6₃mc
4.CB.40	Rinmanite	Zn₂Sb₂Mg₂Fe₄O₁₄(OH)₂	Hex. 6 : P6₃
4.CB.45	Stibioclaudetite	AsSbO₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
4.CB.45	Claudetite	As₂O₃	Mon. 2/m
4.CB.50	Senarmontite	Sb₂O₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.CB.50	Arsenolite	As₂O₃	Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.CB.55	Valentinite	Sb₂O₃	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pccn
4.CB.60	Bismite	Bi₂O₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
4.CB.65	Sphaerobismoite	Bi₂O₃	Tet.
4.CB.70	Sillénite	Bi₁₂SiO₂₀	Iso. 23 : I23
4.CB.75	Kyzylkumite	V³⁺Ti₂O₅(OH)	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
4.CB.80	'Tietaiyangite'	Fe³⁺₄Fe²⁺TiO₉	Hex.
4.CB.85	Liuite	FeTiO₃	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.CB.90	Luogufengite	Fe₂O₃	Orth. mm2 : Pna2₁
4.CB.95	Wangdaodeite	FeTiO₃	Trig. 3m : R3c

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for PyrophaniteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-3322.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

Search Engines:

Look for Pyrophanite on Google

Look for Pyrophanite images on Google

Look for Pyrophanite on Bing

Look for Pyrophanite images on Bing

Look for Pyrophanite on DuckDuckGo

Look for Pyrophanite images on DuckDuckGo

Look for Pyrophanite in the Rock H. Currier Digital Library

External Links:

Look for Pyrophanite on Webmineral

Look for Pyrophanite on Wikipedia

Look for Pyrophanite on Mineralien Atlas

Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

Mineral Dealers:

Buy from D. Joyce minerals

References for PyrophaniteHide

Reference List:

Hamberg, Axel (1890) Mineralogische Studien. 10. Über Pyrophanit, eine mit dem Titaneisen isomorphe Verbindung der Zusammensetzung MnTiO3, von Harstigen [Mineralogical studies.10. About pyrophanite, a compound isomorphic with titanium iron with the composition MnTiO3, from Harstigen]. Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 12 (7). 598-604 doi:10.1080/11035899009444288

Larsen, Esper S. (1921) The microscopic determination of the nonopaque minerals. Bulletin 679. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/b679 p.204

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.pp.535-541

Lee, Donald E. (1955) Occurrence of pyrophanite in Japan. American Mineralogist, 40 (1-2) 32-40

Welin, E. (1969) Notes on the mineralogy of Sweden 6. X-ray powder data for minerals from Långban and the related mineral deposits of Central Sweden. Arkiv för Mineralogi och Geologi, 4 (6, nr 30). 499-541

Craig, J.R., Sandhaus, D.J., Guy, R.E. (1985) Pyrophanite MnTiO3 from Sterling Hill, New Jersey. The Canadian Mineralogist, 23, 491-494.

Anthony, John Williams, Bideaux, Richard A., Bladh, Kenneth W., Nichols, Monte C. (1995) Handbook of Mineralogy Vol. 2 part 1 - Silica, Silicates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, Arizona.p.460

Brandstätter, F. & Pertlik, F. (1996): Chemische und röntgenographische Untersuchungen an Pyrophanit, (Mn,Fe)TiO3, von St. Salvator, Gemeinde Friesach, Kärnten. Carinthia II, 186./106., 451-456.[includes a structure refinement]

Mitchell, R. H., Liferovich, R. P. (2004) Ecandrewsite — zincian pyrophanite from lujavrite, Pilansberg alkaline complex, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 42 (4) 1169-1178 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.42.4.1169

Mitchell, R. H., LIferovich, R. P. (2004) The pyrophanite-ecandrewsite solid-solution: crystal structures of the Mn_1-xZn_xTiO₃ series (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) The Canadian Mineralogist, 42 (6) 1871-1880 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.42.6.1871

Zaccarini, F.; Garuti, G.; Ortiz-Suarez, A.; Carugno-Duran, A. (2004) The paragenesis of pyrophanite from Sierra de Comechingones, Córdoba, Argentina. The Canadian Mineralogist, 42 (1). 155-168 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.42.1.155

(2005) Pyrophanite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Liferovich, Ruslan P., Mitchell, Roger H. (2005) Rhombohedral ilmenite group nickel titanates with Zn, Mg, and Mn: synthesis and crystal structures. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 32 (5) 442-449 doi:10.1007/s00269-005-0020-7

Liferovich, R. P., Mitchell, R. H. (2006) The pyrophanite–geikielite solid-solution series: crystal structures of the Mn_1-xMg_xTiO₃ series (0 < x < 0.7) The Canadian Mineralogist, 44 (5) 1099-1107 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.44.5.1099

Localities for PyrophaniteHide

Showing 372 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Hide all sections | Show all sections

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Angola
Namibe Province Camacuio ⓘ Nejoio Complex	Borst et al. (2023)

Antarctica
East Antarctica Wilkes Land Clark Peninsula ⓘ Manganese lens ?	Plimer et al. (1983)

Argentina
Córdoba Province Río Cuarto Department Sierra de Comechingones ⓘ Iron ore deposits	Zaccarini et al. (2004)

Australia
New South Wales Yancowinna Co. Broken Hill district ⓘ Broken Hill	Worner et al. (1982)
South Australia District Council of Mount Barker ⓘ Brukunga Quarry	Nenke (1972) +1 other reference
Pastoral Unincorporated Area Boolcoomatta Reserve (Boolcoomata Station) ⓘ Dome Rock Copper Mine	Munro-Smith (2006)
Tasmania Waratah-Wynyard municipality Corinna-Savage River district ⓘ Savage River Mines	Bottrill & Taheri
West Coast municipality Rosebery district Rosebery ⓘ Rosebery Mine	Ralph Bottrill et al. (AGCC) +1 other reference
West Tamar municipality Beaconsfield district ⓘ Andersons Creek	R Botttrill

Austria
Carinthia Sankt Veit an der Glan District Friesach Sankt Salvator Moschitzberg ⓘ Pyrophanite locality	Taucher (1994) +2 other references
Salzburg St. Johann im Pongau District Bad Hofgastein ⓘ Schloss Alp	Kolitsch et al. (2019)
Tamsweg District Tweng ⓘ Fuchs Alp - Fuchs lake area	Kolitsch et al. (2015) +2 other references
Zell am See District Kaprun ⓘ Brandlscharte	Kolitsch et al. (2021)
Styria Deutschlandsberg District Bad Schwanberg Glashütten ⓘ Reih Alp	SEM-EDS
Leoben District Kalwang Langteichengraben (Lange Teichen) ⓘ Spessartine occurrence (Kalwang sulphide deposit)	Schäffer et al. (1984)
Murau District Neumarkt in der Steiermark Dürnstein ⓘ Mn deposit	Taucher (1995)
Voitsberg District Sankt Martin am Wöllmißberg Kleinwöllmiß ⓘ Magnetite prospect	Bernhard (2011)
Tyrol Innsbruck-Land District Navis ⓘ Navis stream (Navis creek)	Kolitsch et al. (2019)
Obernberg am Brenner ⓘ Obernberger Tribulaun	Kolitsch et al. (2018)
Lienz District Prägraten am Großvenediger Timmelbach valley ⓘ Wunwand (Wunspitze)	Kolitsch et al. (2017)

Brazil
Amapá Pedra Branca do Amapari ⓘ Tucano mine	Soares et al. (2025)
Serra do Navio ⓘ Serra do Navio mines	Bello
Ceará ⓘ Lagoa do Riacho Mn deposit	Santos et al. (2021) +1 other reference
Minas Gerais Conselheiro Lafaiete ⓘ Piquiri mine	Encyclopedia of Mins. +1 other reference
Ouro Preto Antônio Pereira ⓘ Conta História mine	Cabral et al. (2002) +1 other reference
Poços de Caldas ⓘ Bortolan quarry	Azzi (2019)
ⓘ Prefeitura quarry	Horváth
ⓘ Poços de Caldas alkaline complex	Azzi et al. (2018) +2 other references
Pará Canaã dos Carajás Sossego mine ⓘ Curral orebody	Monteiro et al. (2008)
ⓘ Sequeirinho pit	Monteiro et al. (2008)
Rio de Janeiro Itatiaia ⓘ Itatiaia alkaline complex	- (2016) +1 other reference
São Paulo Cajati ⓘ Jacupiranga mine	COSTANZO et al. (2006) +1 other reference

Burkina Faso
Cascades Region Comoé Province Mangodara Department ⓘ Unnamed pegmatites	Bonzi et al. (2023)

Canada
Northwest Territories ⓘ O'Grady Lake area	Ercit et al. (2003)
Nova Scotia Guysborough Co. ⓘ Rocky Lake	Nova Scotia Mineral Occurrence Database
Nunavut Kivalliq Region Mallery Lake ⓘ Mallery Lake Au deposits	Turner et al. (2001)
Ontario Kenora District ⓘ Norton Lake deposit	Johnson (2005)
Québec Estrie Le Val-Saint-François RCM Canton de Cleveland Saint-Cyr ⓘ Sterrett mine	Trzcienski et al. (1987)
Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine La Haute-Gaspésie RCM ⓘ Mont McGerrigle alkaline complex	Wallace et al. (1990)
Montérégie La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM Mont Saint-Hilaire ⓘ Poudrette quarry (De-Mix quarry; Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire; MSH)	Anderson (1979) +4 other references
Lajemmerais RCM Varennes & St-Amable Saint-Amable sill ⓘ Demix-Varennes quarry	HORVÁTH (2010)

China
Fujian Fuzhou Jin'an District Kuai'an ⓘ Granite quarry	Suwa et al. (1987)
Guangxi Hechi Yizhou District ⓘ Longtou Mine	Jia et al. (2025)
Hunan Yiyang Heshan District ⓘ Tangganshan Mine	Hunan Metallurgical Geology Research Team 236 (1977) +2 other references
Shaanxi Ankang Ziyang County ⓘ Qujiashan Mine	Pingyi Wan (2002)
Hanzhong Xixiang County ⓘ Shuijingping Mn deposit	Pingyi Wan (2002)
Zhenba County ⓘ Liziya Mn deposit	Pingyi Wan (2002)
Shandong Qingdao Laoshan District ⓘ Laoshan Granitic Complex	Wang et al. (2000) +2 other references
Sichuan Dazhou Wanyuan Co. ⓘ Dazhuhe Mn deposit	Pingyi Wan (2002)
ⓘ Haoziping Mn deposit	Pingyi Wan (2002)
Liangshan Yi Huili County ⓘ Baicao Nb-Ta deposit	Xue et al. (2021)
ⓘ Xiaoheiqing Nb-Ta deposit	Xue et al. (2021)
Xinjiang Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Altay Prefecture (Aletai Prefecture) Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.) ⓘ Jie'ertekala intrusion	Shiguang Wang et al. (1994)
ⓘ Sa'ertielike intrusion	Shiguang Wang et al. (1994)
ⓘ Sawudege'er intrusion	Shiguang Wang et al. (1994)
ⓘ Tasigake intrusion	Shiguang Wang et al. (1994)
ⓘ Ulungur river peralkaline granites	Han et al. (1997)
Zhaosu Co. ⓘ East Akesu River
Kezilesu Autonomous Prefecture (Kizilsu Autonomous Prefecture; Qizilsu Autonomous Prefecture) Wuqia Co. (Ulugqat Co.; Ulughchat Co.) ⓘ Malkantu deposit
Zhejiang Wenzhou Ouhai District ⓘ Qingtian Intrusion	Qiu et al. (2004) +1 other reference
Zhoushan Putuo District ⓘ Taohuadao	Qiu et al. (2004) +1 other reference

Czech Republic
Olomouc Region Šumperk District Loučná nad Desnou ⓘ Kyzový důl (Schwarzenthal) ?	Mücke et al. (2002)
ⓘ Mnišské jámy ?	Mücke et al. (2002)
Vernířovice ⓘ Břidličná hora ?	Mücke et al. (2002)
ⓘ Kosaře ?	Mücke et al. (2002)
ⓘ Rudná hora ?	Mücke et al. (2002)
ⓘ Švagrov ?	Mücke et al. (2002)
ⓘ Sylvani-Zeche ?	Mücke et al. (2002)
Pardubice Region Pardubice District ⓘ Chvaletice	Žák L.: Find of pyrophanite and melanophlogite in Chvaletice (E. Bohemia) +1 other reference
Vysočina Region Třebíč District Kojetice ⓘ Kojetice metamanganolite occurrence	Novák et al. (2007)

Finland
Kainuu Kuhmo Näätäniemi ⓘ Ensilä	Liipo et al. (1994)
Lapland Ranua ⓘ Simontaival	Mutanen
South Ostrobothnia Seinäjoki-Lapua ⓘ Vittinki Mn-Fe formation	Heikkilä

France
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Puy-de-Dôme Issoire La Bourboule ⓘ Charlannes	Robert et al. (1979)
Savoie Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne Bessans ⓘ Le Coin	Chopin (1978)
Bonneval-sur-Arc ⓘ Ouille du Midi	Chopin (1978) +1 other reference
Nouvelle-Aquitaine Pyrénées-Atlantiques Oloron-Sainte-Marie Aramits Ance ⓘ Col d'Etche	MONCHOUX P. et al. (2006)
ⓘ Col d'Urdach	MONCHOUX P. et al. (2006)
Occitanie Ariège ⓘ Las Cabesses	Perseil (1967)
Hautes-Pyrénées ⓘ Aure Valley	De Ascenção Guedes et al. (2002)
Nabias ⓘ Plan de Labasse	European J. Mineralogy
Bagnères-de-Bigorre Vielle-Aure ⓘ Coustou Mine	Ragu et al. (2025)
Pyrénées-Orientales Céret Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste ⓘ Costabonne mines (Costabona mines)	Dubru. M (1986)
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Hautes-Alpes Briançon Saint-Véran ⓘ Les Clausis mine	TUDURI Johan (2001)

Germany
Bavaria Upper Palatinate Neustadt an der Waldnaab District Windischeschenbach Oberbaumühle ⓘ Oberbaumühle Quarry	Schwarzmeier et al. (2015) +2 other references
Lower Saxony Goslar District Bad Harzburg Radau valley ⓘ Gabbro Quarry	Dennis Harries Collection
Rhineland-Palatinate Mayen-Koblenz Mendig Mendig ⓘ In den Dellen quarries	Hentschel (1987)
ⓘ Thelenberg	Minealien Welt 1/93:14 +1 other reference
Wingertsberg ⓘ Pumice quarries	Hentschel (1987)
Pellenz Kruft ⓘ Krufter Ofen	Hentschel (1987)

Greece
Attica East Attica Lavreotiki Km 3 Kaminiza mines ⓘ Iron mines	Uwe Kolitsch (SEM-EDS analyses, to be published)
Marathon ⓘ Varnavas	Stouraiti et al. (2022)
Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Drama Kato Nevrokopi ⓘ Mavro Xylo Mine	Soulamidis et al. (2024)
Xanthi Xanthi ⓘ Kimmeria	www.researchgate.net (n.d.)

Greenland
Kujalleq ⓘ Ilímaussaq complex	Semenow (1969) +1 other reference
Northeast Greenland National Park ⓘ Werner Bjerge Complex	Brooks et al. (1982, June)

Guinea
Conakry Region ⓘ Los Archipelago (Los Islands)	Gerasimovskii et al. (Guinea) +9 other references
ⓘ Kassa Island	Lacroix (1931)
ⓘ Rouma Island	Moreau et al. (1996) +2 other references

Hungary
Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County Edelény District ⓘ Perkupa	Zajzon et al. (2013)
Fejér County Gárdony District Sukoró ⓘ Rigó Hill	Zajzon et al. (2015)

India
Andhra Pradesh Vizianagaram District ⓘ Garividi deposit	Sivaprakash (1981)
ⓘ Koduru Mine	Sivaprakash (1980)
Maharashtra Nagpur Division Bhandara District ⓘ Chikala	Dasgupta et al. (1984)
Odisha Rayagada District ⓘ Nishikhal Mn deposit	Rao +3 other references
Rajasthan Bhilwara District ⓘ Rampura-Agucha Zn-(Pb) deposit	Reznitsky +5 other references
Jodhpur Division Barmer District ⓘ Kamthai deposit	Bhushan (2015)

Italy
Aosta Valley Nus Saint-Barthélemy ⓘ Varenche Mine	Barresi et al. (2005)
Saint-Marcel Servette-Chuc mining complex ⓘ Praborna Mine	Castello (1982)
Liguria Genoa Ne ⓘ Cassagna Mine	Balestra (2016)
ⓘ Molinello Mine	Balestra et al. (2011)
Reppia ⓘ Gambatesa Mine	Pipino (1984)
La Spezia Province Borghetto di Vara ⓘ Cerchiara Mine	Balestra et al. (2020)
Savona Province Magliolo ⓘ Costa Balzi Rossi	Castellaro-Kampf
Lombardy Sondrio Province Lanzada ⓘ Scerscen Valley	- (n.d.)
ⓘ Lower Scerscen Glacier	Bedognè et al. (1993) +3 other references
ⓘ Malenco Valley	Bedogné et al. (1994)
Torre di Santa Maria ⓘ Val Sora manganese outcrop	Bedognè et al. (1993)
Piedmont Cuneo Province Bellino ⓘ Maniglia Mt. Mine	Piccoli et al. (2021)
Metropolitan City of Turin Ceres ⓘ Vernetto Superiore (Croce di Chiaves)	Ambrino et al. (2010)
Salbertrand ⓘ Case Berge	Piccoli et al. (2007) +1 other reference
Usseaux ⓘ Vallone dei Morti (Gran Serin)	Piccoli et al. (2007)
Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province Toceno Val di Crana Val di Crana pegmatites ⓘ Fiume pegmatite	Guastoni et al. (2019)
Tuscany Livorno Province Campo nell'Elba San Piero in Campo ⓘ Rosina vein (Rosina pegmatite)	Pezzotta et al. (2007)
Metropolitan City of Florence Impruneta ⓘ Carraie Hill	Prosperi et al. (2013)
ⓘ Sassi Neri-Sodera area	Batacchi et al. (2015)

Japan
Aichi Prefecture Kitashitara County Shitara ⓘ Taguchi mine	Yamada collection (Crystal World, Japan) +1 other reference
Ehime Prefecture Nishiuwa District Ikata (Sadamisaki Peninsula) ⓘ Ohku mine	www.issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp (2016)
Fukushima Prefecture Iwaki City ⓘ Gozaisho Mine	Hiroaki Tano specimen
Gifu Prefecture ⓘ Ajiro mine	Donald E. Lee (1955) +1 other reference
ⓘ X mine	Lee (1955)
Gunma Prefecture Kiryu City ⓘ Shohwa mine (Showa mine)	FUKUOKA et al. (1977)
Midori City Seta ⓘ Hagidaira mine	FUKUOKA et al. (1977) +1 other reference
ⓘ Rito mine (Ritoh mine)	FUKUOKA et al. (1977) +1 other reference
ⓘ Higashikonaka deposit	Hiroaki Tano specimen
Hokkaidō Prefecture Oshima Subprefecture Futami District Yakumo Kumaishi ⓘ Tatehira mine	Tomohiro Morishita (2011)
Ibaraki Prefecture Kasama City Iwama ⓘ Nagasawa deposit	Nishikubo collection
Iwate Prefecture Kunohe-gun Noda ⓘ Noda-Tamagawa mine	Lee (1955) +1 other reference
Shimohei District Iwaizumi ⓘ Hijikuzu mine	- (n.d.)
Tanohata Tanohata mine ⓘ Matsumaezawa pit	Matsubara et al. (2010)
Kagoshima Prefecture Oshima District Yamato village ⓘ Yamato mine	Momoi (1964)
Kyoto Prefecture Kizugawa City ⓘ Hokkejino	- (n.d.) +1 other reference
Mie Prefecture Iga City ⓘ Yamada mine	Yamada (2004)
Miyazaki Prefecture Nishiusuki District Hinokage ⓘ Shimozuru mine	Fukuoka (1981)
Nagano Prefecture Kamiina District ⓘ Hamayokokawa mine (Hamayokogawa mine)	Katsu Kaneko (1956)
Oita Prefecture Saiki City Kiura Mine ⓘ Hijiritani adit	H. Momoi (1964)
Saga Prefecture Karatsu City Kyuuragi-machi ⓘ Kyuuragi mine (Kyuragi mine)	Katsu Kaneko (1956)
Shiga Prefecture Kusatsu City ⓘ Ioi mine	Hitoshi Momoi (1964) +1 other reference
Tochigi Prefecture Kanuma City Awano ⓘ Nippyo mine (Yokoneyama)	SUENO et al. (2002)
ⓘ Yokoneyama mine	Yamada (2004)
ⓘ Kaso Mine	Hiroaki Tano collection +1 other reference
Tottori Prefecture ⓘ Mizutani mine	Fukuoka (1981)
Wakayama Prefecture Iwade city Afuzu-mura ⓘ Iimori mine	Yamada (2004) +2 other references
Yamaguchi Prefecture ⓘ Hata mine	H. Momoi (1964)
Iwakuni City ⓘ Renge mine	Lee (1955) +1 other reference
ⓘ Kinko mine	Lee (1955) +1 other reference
Kudamatsu City ⓘ Fukumaki mine	Fumitoshi HIROWATARI (1961) +2 other references
Kuga District ⓘ Furujuku mine (Furushuku mine)	Fukuoka (1981)
ⓘ Kusugi Mine	Lee (1955) +1 other reference
ⓘ Miyasugi adit	H. Momoi (1964)
ⓘ Yanagaso adit	H. Momoi (1964)
ⓘ Zohmeki adit	H. Momoi (1964)
ⓘ Tennoh mine (Tenno mine)	Fukuoka (1981)

Kazakhstan
Abai Region Tarbagatai Range Akzhaylyautas Mts (Akzhailyautas Mts; Akjaylautas Mts; Akzhalautas Mts) ⓘ Verkhnee Espe Massif (Verkhnee Espe deposit)	Stepanov et al. (2012)
Karaganda Region Karkaraly ⓘ Kent Massif	Evseev (1995) +1 other reference

Kenya
Tharaka-Nithi County ⓘ ~~Kithiori~~	Waweru (2020)

Kyrgyzstan
Issyk-Kul Region Inyl'chek Range Muzeinyi Valley ⓘ Rhodonite occurrence	L.A. Pautov data

Madagascar
Atsimo-Andrefana Ampanihy District Maniry ⓘ Vohidrakitsy deposits	Dekoninck et al. (2024)

Malawi
Southern Region Machinga ⓘ Junguni Hill	Bloomfield (1965) +5 other references
Zomba ⓘ Mount Malosa	Demartin +1 other reference

Mexico
Hidalgo Molango Municipality ⓘ Naopa Mine	Minera Autlan

Morocco
Drâa-Tafilalet Region Midelt Province Midelt Cercle Aït Oufella Caïdat Amersid ⓘ Jebel Bou-Agrao	Khadem Allah (1993)
Oriental Region Figuig Province Figuig Cercle ⓘ Jbel Rhals deposit	Verhaert et al. (2018)

Namibia
Khomas Region Windhoek Rural Aris ⓘ Aris Quarries	KOLLER et al. (2013) +1 other reference
Otjozondjupa Region Omatako Constituency ⓘ Otjosondu	von Bezing (2007)

Nigeria
Zamfara Maru ⓘ Bingi BIF formation	Mücke et al. (2015)

Norway
Agder Evje og Hornnes Landsverk ⓘ Landsverk 1 Feldspar Quarry (Jokeli)	Neumann (1985) +1 other reference
Iveland Birkeland ⓘ Birkeland 02 Feldspar Quarry	Neumann (1985)
ⓘ Frikstad	Neumann (1985)
Lyngdal ⓘ Rudjord Quarry	Neumann (1985)
Akershus Lunner ⓘ Fjellsjøen	Kvamsdal (1998)
ⓘ Gjerdingselva	Raade et al. (1980) +1 other reference
ⓘ Harestua	Werner (2003)
RV 4 roadcuts ⓘ Zone 2 ?	Werner (2003)
ⓘ Zone 5 ?	Werner (2003)
Øståsen ⓘ Midtmoen	Kvamsdal (1993)
Nittedal ⓘ Delebekken Quarry	CMN Collection
Buskerud Øvre Eiker Hamre ⓘ Hamrefjell	Neumann (1985)
ⓘ Rundemyr	Raade (2010)
Innlandet Gran ⓘ Vassbråa ?	Werner (1993)
ⓘ Langesundsfjorden	Nilssen et al. (1962)
Nordland Hamarøy ⓘ Hellemobotn	Husdal (2008)
Rana Høgtuva ⓘ Bordvedåga	Grauch et al. (1994)
Sørfold ⓘ Tennvatn pegmatite	Husdal (2008)
Rogaland Sokndal ⓘ Tellnes Mines	Kronos
Telemark Porsgrunn Auenlandet Sagåsen ⓘ Sagåsen Quarry	Larsen et al. (2005)
Bjørkedalen ⓘ Buer	Segalstad et al. (1978)
Langangen Kokkersvold - Blåfjell E18 roadcuts ⓘ Blåfjell (E18 roadcuts)	Grice et al. (2013)
ⓘ Ferrochiavennite dike	Grice et al. (2013)
Risøya ⓘ Risøya South	Berge (n.d.)
ⓘ Risøya South 3	Berge (n.d.)
Siktesøya ⓘ Brønnebukta	Larsen et al. (2010)
ⓘ Tangane	Larsen (1988)
Slevolden ⓘ E18 roadcuts	Burvald (1993)
Tokke Botnedal ⓘ Brandsnuten manganese deposit	Wel (1974)
Vestfold Larvik Commune Arøyskjærene (Arøy skerries) ⓘ Fredriksen's prospect ?	Berge (n.d.)
Barkevik area ⓘ Skutesundskjær	Neumann (1985)
ⓘ Teineholmen	Larsen et al. (2010)
Brunlanes ⓘ Thorstein Quarry ?	Berge (n.d.)
Hedrum ⓘ Andersbonn	Neumann et al. (1964) +2 other references
Lågendalen ⓘ Bratthagen 1	Sæbø (1966)
ⓘ Bratthagen 2	Knut Edvard Larsen (2023)
ⓘ Bratthagen 3 hillside pegmatites	Knut Edvard Larsen collection (Micro # 3380) +1 other reference
ⓘ Hedrum Quarry	Larsen et al. (2010)
Lysebo ⓘ Liurdvannet II	Berge (n.d.)
ⓘ Liurdvannet III	Berge (n.d.)
ⓘ Lysebo roadcut	Knut Edvard Larsen (2023)
Kvelde ⓘ Anundsjøen	Berge (n.d.)
ⓘ Låven	Neumann et al. (1964)
ⓘ Lille Arøya	Neumann et al. (1964)
ⓘ Stokkøya	Neumann et al. (1964)
ⓘ Hviteberget	Segalstad et al. (1978)
ⓘ Zircon prospect	Larsen et al. (2010)
ⓘ Stokksund	Neumann et al. (1964)
Tvedalen ⓘ Almenningen Quarry (Treschow-Fritzøe Quarry)	Kolitsch et al. (2013)
ⓘ Bjørndalen Quarry (Lundhs labrador)	Berge (1993) +1 other reference
Tuften ⓘ A/S Granit Quarry	Peter Andresen collection
Vesle Arøya ⓘ Eudidymite-Epididymite locality	Engvoldsen et al. (1991) +1 other reference
Sandefjord Vesterøya ⓘ Buer	Larsen et al. (2010) +1 other reference
Vestland Stad Selje Liset ⓘ Liset eclogite pod	Smith et al. (1986)

Pakistan
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province Peshawar District Hameed Abad Kafoor Dheri ⓘ Zagi Mountain	Chris Emproto Collection

Paraguay
Alto Paraguay Department ⓘ Cerro Boggiani	Comin-Chiaramonti et al. (2016)
Guairá Department ⓘ Ybytyruzú	Presser et al. (2014)

Peru
Junín Tarma Province ⓘ Tapo Massif	Tassinari et al. (2011)
ⓘ San Felipe deposit	Tassinari et al. (2011)

Poland
Lower Silesian Voivodeship Dzierżoniów County Piława Górna DSS Piława Górna Quarry ⓘ Julianna pegmatite	SZUSZKIEWICZ et al. (2013)
Karkonosze County Szklarska Poręba ⓘ Szklarska Poręba Huta granite quarry	Mil et al. (2026)
Ząbkowice Śląskie County Gmina Kamieniec Zabkowicki ⓘ Chałupki ?	Achramowicz (2005)
Podlaskie Voivodeship ⓘ Tajno alkaline-carbonatite massif	Grabarczyk et al. (2022)

Portugal
Faro Monchique Monchique Nave ⓘ Lugar da Nave quarry	Alves (n.d.)

Romania
ⓘ Bistriţa Mn belt	Hirtopanu (2006)
Caraş-Severin County Brebu ⓘ Delineşti deposit	Hirtopanu (2006) +1 other reference
Harghita County ⓘ Ditrău Complex	Pál Molnár (2000)
ⓘ Jolotca (Orotva)	Szakáll et al. (2010)
Gheorgheni ⓘ Aurora Creek	Szakáll et al. (2010)
Maramureș County Târgu Lăpuș ⓘ Răzoare	Udubasa et al. (1996) +2 other references
Suceava County Iacobeni ⓘ Arșița mine	minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu (2008)
Tolovanu ⓘ Tolovanu (Tolovan) Mn deposit	Hîrtopanu (1997) +1 other reference
ⓘ Şaru Dornei	minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu (2008)

Russia
Altai Republic Ust-Koksinsky District ⓘ Prozrachnoe Mn deposit	Vera N. Smol'yaninova data
Bashkortostan Sibay ⓘ Yuzhno-Faizulinskoe Mn deposit (South Faizuly deposit; South Faizulino deposit)	Brusnitsyn (2006)
Buryatia Mama River Basin Maigunda River ⓘ Burpala alkaline massif	Pekov (1998) +3 other references
Chelyabinsk Oblast ⓘ Kozhaevskoe Mn deposit	Semkova +3 other references
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Chaunskii District (Chaun) ⓘ Chaunskij meteorite (Chaunskiy meteorite)	Zaslavskaya et al. (1991, March)
Iultinsky District ⓘ Kuiviveem–Pyrkakai ore district	Alekseev et al. (2015)
Irkutsk Oblast ⓘ Kitoi river	Savel'eva V.B. Karmanov N.S. (2008) +1 other reference
Khabarovsk Krai Verkhnebureinsky District ⓘ Badzhalski ore District	Alekseev et al. (2015)
Murmansk Oblast Belye Tundry Massif ⓘ Zirkonovoe pegmatite body (Zirkonovoye)	Voloshin et al. (2005)
ⓘ Eveslogchorr Mt	Mikhailova et al. (2007)
ⓘ Khibiny Massif	Olga Yakovleva et al. (2009)
Kihlman Mountain ⓘ Khibiny Station	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
ⓘ Koashva Mt	PEKOV et al. (2013)
Kolsky District ⓘ Tepsi ultrabasic body
Kovdorsky District ⓘ Kovdor Massif	Mikhailova et al. (2015) +1 other reference
ⓘ Kovdor Zheleznyi Mine	Mikhailova et al. (2015)
ⓘ Kukisvumchorr Mt	Pekov et al. (2004)
ⓘ Lovozero Massif	...
Lovozersky District ⓘ Karnasurt Mountain	Pakhomovsky et al. (2014)
ⓘ Sengischorr Mountain	Selivanova et al. (2024)
Suoluai River Valley Kuamdespakhk Mt ⓘ Pegmatite No. 54	Semenov E.I. (1972)
ⓘ Rasvumchorr Mt	Mikhailova et al. (2007)
ⓘ Yukspor Mountain	Mikhailova et al. (2007)
ⓘ Vein no. 26	Yakovenchuk et al. (2005)
ⓘ Yum'echorr Mt (Yumjechorr)	Mikhailova et al. (2007)
Nenets Autonomous Okrug Yugorskii Peninsula Pai-Khoi Range (Paikhoi; Pay Khoy) ⓘ Nadeiyakha occurrence	Brusnitsyn et al. (2019)
ⓘ Primorsky Krai	Kazachenko et al. (2006)
ⓘ Ol’ga ore district	Kazachenko et al. (2006, July)
Olginsky District ⓘ Shirokopadninskaya area	Perevoznikova et al. (2009)
ⓘ Taukha terrane	Kazachenko et al. (2013)
Sakha ⓘ Arbarastakh complex	Doroshkevich et al. (2022)
Mirninsky District Daldyn ⓘ Udachnaya open-pit mine (Udachnaya-Vostochnaya pipe; Udachnaya pipe)	Sharygin et al. (2008)
Sverdlovsk Oblast Serovsky District Turya river Tur'insk ⓘ Vorontsovskoe deposit (Vorontsovsk gold deposit; Vorontsovka deposit)	Kasatkin et al. (2021)
Sysertsky District ⓘ Borodulinskoe deposit	Brusnitsyn (2000)
Sedel'nikovo ⓘ Malosedel'nikovskoe deposit	Brusnitsyn A.I. (2000)
Yekaterinburg Kurganovo ⓘ Kurganovskoe deposit	Brusnitsyn A.I. (2000)
Tyumen Oblast ⓘ Sob	Brusnitsyn et al. (2017)

Saudi Arabia
Medina Region ⓘ Khamal Layered Mafic Intrusion	Abuamarah et al. (2023)

Slovakia
Banská Bystrica Region Revúca District Šivetice ⓘ Kokava nad Rimavicou	Konečný et al. (2011)
Košice Region Gelnica District Smolník ⓘ Hekerová manganese deposit	Rojkovič (2001) +1 other reference
Rožňava District Betliar ⓘ Július manganese occurrence	Myšľan et al. (2024)
Čučma ⓘ Čierna baňa	Radvanec M. and Gonda S. (2020) +1 other reference
Dobšiná ⓘ Dobšiná quarry	Štubňa et al. (2019)
ⓘ Teliatko serpentinite body	Putiš et al. (2012)
Spišská Nová Ves District Poráč ⓘ Diely manganese ore occurrence	Myšľan et al. (2025)

South Africa
North West Bojanala Platinum District Municipality Moses Kotane Local Municipality ⓘ Pilanesberg Alkaline Ring Complex	Mitchell et al. (2004) +1 other reference
ⓘ Pilanesberg Mountain	Cairncross et al. (1995)
Northern Cape John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality Joe Morolong Local Municipality ⓘ Wessels Mine	Cairncross et al. (1995)

South Korea
North Chungcheong Province Chungju City Joongwon-gun Mt. Eorae ⓘ Chungju deposit	Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
North Gyeongsang Province Bonghwa County Yeonhwa mines Yeonhwa I Mine ⓘ Taebaek deposit	So +2 other references

Spain
Canary Islands Las Palmas Province Fuerteventura ⓘ Fuerteventura Basal Complex	Ahijado A. (1992)
ⓘ Esquinzo ultra-alkaline complex	Casillas et al. (2024)
Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province Tenerife ⓘ ~~Alcala~~	Dill et al. (2023)
Arico ⓘ ~~Tajao~~	Dill et al. (2023)
Arona ⓘ ~~Centinela~~	Dill et al. (2023)
Granadilla de Abona ⓘ ~~La Mareta~~	Dill et al. (2023)
ⓘ ~~Los Blanquitos~~	Dill et al. (2023)
ⓘ Los Humilladeros	Dill et al. (2023)
ⓘ ~~Playa de Paraiaso~~	Dill et al. (2023)
ⓘ ~~Playa de San Juan~~	Dill et al. (2023)
ⓘ Sanidinite occurrence	Ferguson (1978)
Catalonia Tarragona Priorat El Molar ⓘ Serrana Mine (Manganese Mine)	Mineralogistes de Catalunya

Sweden
Dalarna County Hedemora Garpenberg ⓘ Garpenberg Norra Mine	Gatedal (n.d.) +1 other reference
ⓘ Lappberget deposit	Barbosa (2021)
Örebro County Hällefors Grythyttan ⓘ Brunnsjögruvan	Gatedal (n.d.)
ⓘ Sjögruvan	Holtstam et al. (2001)
Lindesberg Nyberget ⓘ Nyberget ore field
ⓘ Mangruvan	Holtstam (1997) +1 other reference
Stråssa ⓘ Lovisagruvan (Lovisa Mine)	Andersson et al. (2022)
Östergötland County Finspång Doverstorp ore field ⓘ Sätra Mine	Zakrzewski et al. (1982) +1 other reference
Uppsala County Östhammar Dannemora ⓘ Dannemora Mine	Åberg (2015)
Värmland County Filipstad Långban Ore District ⓘ Långban Mine	Holtstam et al. (1999)
Nordmark mining district Jakobsberg ore field ⓘ Jakobsberg Mine	Gatedal (2003)
Persberg ore district Pajsberg ⓘ Harstigen Mine (TL)	RRUFF ID: R070211 +2 other references
ⓘ Stora Pajsberg Mine	Dana 7:I:539.
Västernorrland County Sundsvall ⓘ Alnö Complex	Sandström et al. (2010)
Västra Götaland County Svenljunga Överlida ⓘ Ytterlida pegmatite	Kjellman (analyst)

Switzerland
Grisons Viamala Region Ferrera Starlera Valley ⓘ Starlera Mine	Brugger et al. (1999) +1 other reference
Rheinwald Splügen ⓘ Tanatz Alp	Stalder et al. (1998)
Valais Leuk Turtmann-Unterems Turtmann Valley Pipjitälli ⓘ Pipji glacier	The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 44 (2006) +1 other reference
Östlich Raron Grengiols ⓘ Mätti Valley	Cuchet et al. (2019)
Sierre Anniviers Zinal ⓘ Louchelet	Ansermet (2012)

Tajikistan
Districts of Republican Subordination ⓘ Dara-i-Pioz Massif	Pekov (1998) +1 other reference
Sughd Ghafurov District Adrasmon (Adrasman) East Karamazar ore district ⓘ Aktash deposit	Yatimov et al. (2022)

UK
England Cornwall Illogan Robarts Mine (incl. East Wheal Seton; Wheal Maude) ⓘ Wheal Whitfield (North Carn Brea Mine; North Tincroft Mine)	LeBoutillier et al. (2000)
Wales Gwynedd Aberdaron Rhiw ⓘ Benallt Mine	Smith et al. (1947) +2 other references

Ukraine
Donetsk Oblast Volnovakha Raion ⓘ Dmitrievskii quarry	Sharygin et al. (2011)
Zaporizhia Oblast Berdyansk Raion ⓘ Mriya lamproite pipe	YATSENKO et al. (2020)

United Arab Emirates
Bani Hamid complex ⓘ Bulaydah	Gnos et al. (1996) +1 other reference

USA
Arkansas Hot Spring County Magnet Cove ⓘ Cove Creek Bridge and The Branch area	Smith (1994)
ⓘ Diamond Jo Quarry	Henry Barwood - unpublished (2010)
Pulaski County Little Rock ⓘ Granite Mountain area	Smith (1988) +1 other reference
ⓘ Big Rock Quarry (3M Quarry; Arch Street Pike Quarry)	Horvath collection visual id. +1 other reference
ⓘ Granite Mountain Quarry No. 1
California Nevada County Spenceville Mining District Limekiln ⓘ Manga-Chrome Mine (Manga Chrome; Magna-Chrome Mine; Duggan Mine; Steams and Owens [?])	Hewett et al. (1961) +2 other references
ⓘ Smith prospect	Flohr et al. (1992)
Colorado Chaffee County La Plata Mining District (Winfield Mining District) ⓘ Middle Mountain complex	Eckel et al. (1997)
Gunnison County White Earth Mining District (Powderhorn Mining District) ⓘ Iron Hill deposit	Eckel et al. (1997)
Connecticut Middlesex County Haddam ⓘ Jail Hill Road locality (Jail Hill Quarry)	Januzzi +1 other reference
Georgia Jackson County ⓘ Jefferson	Cook (1978)
Idaho ⓘ Sawtooth Batholith	Menzies et al. (1993) +3 other references
Maine Aroostook County T9 R3 WELS ⓘ Hovey Mountain Manganese Prospect	Pavlides et al. (1962)
TD R2 WELS ⓘ Lower Maple Mountain Manganese Prospect	Pavlides et al. (1962)
ⓘ Upper Maple Mountain manganese prospect	Pavlides et al. (1962)
Oxford County Paris ⓘ Ryerson Hill Quarries	Found in association with Ilmenite. ... +1 other reference
York County Newfield Straw Hill occurrence ⓘ Symmes Pond Syenite	King et al. (1994)
Massachusetts Hampshire County Plainfield ⓘ Betts Manganese Mines	Plante (1992)
Montana Hill County ⓘ Bearpaw Mountains	www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens
ⓘ Pegmatite Peak	Chakhmouradian et al. (1999)
Meagher County ⓘ Gordon Butte	Mitchell (2000) +1 other reference
Nevada Mineral County Fitting Mining District Gillis Range ⓘ Zapot Pegmatite	Foord et al. (1999)
New Jersey Sussex County Ogdensburg Sterling Hill ⓘ Sterling Mine	Valentino +2 other references
New Mexico Colfax County Springer Point of Rocks Mesa ⓘ Point of Rocks Quarry	Northrop et al. (1996)
North Carolina Alleghany County Sparta Bald Knob ⓘ Bald Knob deposit	Simmons et al. (1981)
Oklahoma Dewey County ⓘ Leedey meteorite	McCoy et al. (1997)
South Carolina ⓘ Fairfield County	Speer (1987)
ⓘ Kershaw County	Speer (1987)
ⓘ Lancaster County	Speer (1987)
Utah Piute County Mount Baldy-Ohio Mining District ⓘ Deer Trail Mine	Econ Geol (1986)
Virginia Augusta County West Augusta ⓘ Stoutameyer Branch (Stotameyer Creek)	Robin D. Tibbit (deceased)
Pittsylvania County James River-Roanoke River Mn-Fe-Ba Mining District ⓘ Hutter Mine (Herter Magnetite Mine)	Beard et al. (2002)
Suffolk County ⓘ Suffolk	Dietrich (1990)
Wyoming Crook County Bear Lodge alkaline igneous complex ⓘ Bull Hill nepheline-syenite deposit (Bull Hill carbonatite; Bear Lodge carbonatite)	Hutchinson et al. (2022)

Mindat.org® is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Mindat® and mindat.org® are registered trademarks of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2026, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau.
Content on this site may not be used to train, fine-tune, or otherwise develop artificial intelligence or machine learning models without prior written permission - see our Terms & Conditions.
To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: September 1, 2026 21:40:43 Page updated: August 19, 2026 10:40:54

Go to top of page

Pyrophanite

About PyrophaniteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of PyrophaniteHide

Classification of PyrophaniteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of PyrophaniteHide

Optical Data of PyrophaniteHide

Chemistry of PyrophaniteHide

Chemical AnalysisHide

Crystallography of PyrophaniteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of PyrophaniteHide

Other Language Names for PyrophaniteHide

Relationship of Pyrophanite to other SpeciesHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for PyrophaniteHide

References for PyrophaniteHide

Localities for PyrophaniteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide