Pseudobrookite Group
A group of related mineral species
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About Pseudobrookite Group
This page provides mineralogical data about Pseudobrookite Group.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
55975
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:55975:1
IMA Classification of Pseudobrookite Group
IMA status notes:
IMA Approved Group Name
Approval history:
The Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA-CNMNC) has approved a proposal (IMA 25-A) to validate ferropseudobrookite as a mineral species, to revise the definition of armalcolite following IMA recommendations, and to establish the pseudobrookite group.
Classification of Pseudobrookite Group
4.CB.15
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
B : With medium-sized cations
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
B : With medium-sized cations
Chemical Analysis
Oxide wt%:
| 1 | |
|---|---|
| TiO2 | 44.41 % |
| Al2O3 | 55.13 % |
| FeO | 0.47 % |
| MgO | 0.37 % |
| Total | 100.38 % |
| Total: | 200.76 % |
Empirical formulas:
| Sample ID | Empirical Formula |
|---|---|
| 1 | (Al1.97Mg0.02Fe0.01)Ti1.01O5 |
Sample references:
| ID | Locality | Reference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mount Carmel, Kishon Mid Reach zone 2, Kishon river, Haifa District, Israel | average of eight electron probe (EPMA) microanalyses |
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0009836 | Armalcolite | Wechsler B A, Von Dreele R B (1989) Structure refinements of Mg2TiO4, MgTiO3 and MgTi2O5 by time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction Acta Crystallographica B45 542-549 | ![]() | 1989 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0009835 | Armalcolite | Wechsler B A, Von Dreele R B (1989) Structure refinements of Mg2TiO4, MgTiO3 and MgTi2O5 by time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction Acta Crystallographica B45 542-549 | ![]() | 1989 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0000593 | Armalcolite | Wechsler B A (1977) Cation distribution and high-temperature crystal chemistry of armalcolite American Mineralogist 62 913-920 | ![]() | 1977 | 0 | 297 | |
| 0000591 | Armalcolite | Wechsler B A (1977) Cation distribution and high-temperature crystal chemistry of armalcolite American Mineralogist 62 913-920 | ![]() | 1977 | 0 | 297 | |
| 0000590 | Armalcolite | Wechsler B A (1977) Cation distribution and high-temperature crystal chemistry of armalcolite American Mineralogist 62 913-920 | ![]() | 1977 | 0 | 297 | |
| 0002080 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0002073 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0018179 | Pseudobrookite | Pauling L (1930) The crystal structure of pseudobrookite _cod_database_code 1011342 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 73 97-113 | 1930 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0000594 | Armalcolite | Wechsler B A (1977) Cation distribution and high-temperature crystal chemistry of armalcolite American Mineralogist 62 913-920 | ![]() | 1977 | 0 | 673 | |
| 0000592 | Armalcolite | Wechsler B A (1977) Cation distribution and high-temperature crystal chemistry of armalcolite American Mineralogist 62 913-920 | ![]() | 1977 | 0 | 1373 | |
| 0002081 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 1.03 | 293 | |
| 0002074 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 1.03 | 293 | |
| 0002082 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 2.16 | 293 | |
| 0002075 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 2.16 | 293 | |
| 0002083 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 3.22 | 293 | |
| 0002076 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 3.22 | 293 | |
| 0002084 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 4.34 | 293 | |
| 0002077 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 4.34 | 293 | |
| 0002085 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 6.2 | 293 | |
| 0002078 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 6.2 | 293 | |
| 0002086 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 7.51 | 293 | |
| 0002079 | Pseudobrookite | Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry of karrooite, MgTi2O5, with different ordering states American Mineralogist 84 130-137 | ![]() | 1999 | 7.51 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Relationship of Pseudobrookite Group to other Species
Pseudobrookite Group Members:
| Armalcolite | MgTi4+2O5 | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) |
| Ferropseudobrookite | Fe2+Ti4+2O5 | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm |
| Griffinite | Al2Ti4+O5 | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm |
| Pseudobrookite | Fe3+2Ti4+O5 | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm |
| Sassite | Ti3+2Ti4+O5 | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm |
Click on any node to view relationships. Formula-derived relationship network for the group members above. Use Find related species to add formula-neighbour species outside the current group view. Solid links show inferred chemical differences; dashed violet links show same-formula crystallographic differences. Hydration states are not treated as relationship changes. These relationships do not imply any real-world substitution reactions between these species.
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.CB. | Magnesiohögbomite-6N12S | Mg5Al11TiO23(OH) |
| 4.CB. | Kidodite | BaMg2Fe16O27 |
| 4.CB. | Ferrohögbomite-2N2S | [(Fe2+,Mg,Zn,Al)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]2 |
| 4.CB. | Zhenruite | (MoO3)2 · H2O |
| 4.CB. | Fuyuanite | Mg7Nb6O18(OH)8 |
| 4.CB. | Virgilluethite | MoO3 · H2O |
| 4.CB. | Pengite | (Pb8Sb3+3)Σ11Sb5+9O35 |
| 4.CB.05 | Brizziite | NaSb5+O3 |
| 4.CB.05 | Tistarite | Ti3+2O3 |
| 4.CB.05 | Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| 4.CB.05 | Ecandrewsite | ZnTiO3 |
| 4.CB.05 | Melanostibite | Mn2+2Fe3+Sb5+O6 |
| 4.CB.05 | 'UM1998-11-O-AuHSb' | Au+2Sb3+O2(OH) |
| 4.CB.05 | Karelianite | V3+2O3 |
| 4.CB.05 | Corundum | Al2O3 |
| 4.CB.05 | Eskolaite | Cr2O3 |
| 4.CB.05 | Geikielite | MgTiO3 |
| 4.CB.05 | Akimotoite | MgSiO3 |
| 4.CB.05 | 'Unnamed (Fe-Cr Oxide)' | FeCrO3 |
| 4.CB.05 | 'Auroantimonate' | AuSbO3 |
| 4.CB.05 | Hemleyite | Fe2+SiO3 |
| 4.CB.05 | Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| 4.CB.05 | Pyrophanite | Mn2+TiO3 |
| 4.CB.10 | Bixbyite-(Fe) | (Fe,Mn)2O3 |
| 4.CB.10 | Bixbyite-(Mn) | Mn3+2O3 |
| 4.CB.10 | Avicennite | Tl2O3 |
| 4.CB.15 | Armalcolite | MgTi4+2O5 |
| 4.CB.15 | Ferropseudobrookite | Fe2+Ti4+2O5 |
| 4.CB.15 | Griffinite | Al2Ti4+O5 |
| 4.CB.15 | Sassite | Ti3+2Ti4+O5 |
| 4.CB.15 | Pseudobrookite | Fe3+2Ti4+O5 |
| 4.CB.20 | Zincovelesite-6N6S | Zn3(Fe3+,Mn3+,Al,Ti)8O15(OH) |
| 4.CB.20 | Magnesiohögbomite-2N4S | (Mg8.43Fe2+1.57)Σ=10Al22Ti4+2O46(OH)2 |
| 4.CB.20 | Magnesiobeltrandoite-2N3S | (Mg6Al2)(Al18Fe3+2)O38(OH)2 |
| 4.CB.20 | Zincohögbomite-2N6S | [(Zn,Mg)7(Al,Fe3+,Ti)16O31(OH)]2 |
| 4.CB.20 | Magnesiohögbomite-6N6S | [(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]6 |
| 4.CB.20 | Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S | [(Mg,Fe2+,Zn)4(Al,Ti,Fe3+)10O19(OH)]2 |
| 4.CB.20 | Magnesiohögbomite-2N2S | [(Mg,Fe2+)3[Al7(Ti,Fe3+)]O15(OH)]2 |
| 4.CB.20 | 'Ferrohögbomite-6N12S' | [(Fe2+,Mg,Zn)5(Al,Ti,Fe3+)12O23(OH)]6 |
| 4.CB.20 | Zincohögbomite-2N2S | [(Zn,Al,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+,Ti)8O15(OH)]2 |
| 4.CB.25 | Kleberite | FeTi6O11(OH)5 |
| 4.CB.25 | Pseudorutile | Fe3+2Ti4+3O9 |
| 4.CB.30 | Oxyvanite | V3+2V4+O5 |
| 4.CB.30 | Berdesinskiite | V3+2TiO5 |
| 4.CB.30 | Kaitianite | Ti3+2Ti4+O5 |
| 4.CB.35 | Machiite | Al2Ti3O9 |
| 4.CB.35 | Vestaite | (Ti4+Fe2+)Ti4+3O9 |
| 4.CB.35 | Olkhonskite | (Cr,V)2Ti3O9 |
| 4.CB.35 | Schreyerite | V3+2Ti4+3O9 |
| 4.CB.40 | Zincorinmanite-(Zn) | Zn2Sb2(Fe3+4Zn2)O14(OH)2 |
| 4.CB.40 | Majindeite | Mg2Mo3O8 |
| 4.CB.40 | Almagreraite | CuZnMn4+3O8 |
| 4.CB.40 | Kamiokite | Fe2Mo3O8 |
| 4.CB.40 | Nolanite | V3+8Fe3+2O14(OH)2 |
| 4.CB.40 | Iseite | Mn2Mo3O8 |
| 4.CB.40 | Rinmanite | Zn2Sb2Mg2Fe4O14(OH)2 |
| 4.CB.45 | Stibioclaudetite | AsSbO3 |
| 4.CB.45 | Claudetite | As2O3 |
| 4.CB.50 | Senarmontite | Sb2O3 |
| 4.CB.50 | Arsenolite | As2O3 |
| 4.CB.55 | Valentinite | Sb2O3 |
| 4.CB.60 | Bismite | Bi2O3 |
| 4.CB.65 | Sphaerobismoite | Bi2O3 |
| 4.CB.70 | Sillénite | Bi12SiO20 |
| 4.CB.75 | Kyzylkumite | V3+Ti2O5(OH) |
| 4.CB.80 | 'Tietaiyangite' | Fe3+4Fe2+TiO9 |
| 4.CB.85 | Liuite | FeTiO3 |
| 4.CB.90 | Luogufengite | Fe2O3 |
| 4.CB.95 | Wangdaodeite | FeTiO3 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Pseudobrookite Group in petrology
An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
Internet Links for Pseudobrookite Group
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https://www.mindat.org/min-55975.html
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References for Pseudobrookite Group
Localities for Pseudobrookite Group
Showing 296 localities.
Locality List
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- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.








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The
Emmelberg, Üdersdorf, Daun, Vulkaneifel, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany