ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ (1926โ€“1997)

<ื‘ื”ื›ื ื”>

David Shahar

    ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ, ืกื•ืคืจ, ืžืชืจื’ื ื•ืขื•ืจืš, ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื“ื•ืจ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ืœื™ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื‘ื”ืณ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืจืคืดื•, 17 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1926, ื‘ืŸ ืœืžืฉืคื—ืช ืฉื—ืจืœืก. ื—ืœืง ืžืฉื ื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื• ื•ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ืช ืžืื” ืฉืขืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกื‘ืชื•, ืืš ื”ืชื—ื ืš ืžื ืขื•ืจื™ื• ืžื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื”. ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื™ื ืดืชื—ื›ืžื•ื ื™ืด ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ืจื,  ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžื“ ืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. ืฉื™ืจืช ื›ืงืฆื™ืŸึพื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื‘ืžื˜ื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื• ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ ืขืกืง ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืชึพื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืœืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื‘ืขืชึพื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื”.
    ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืžืžืœืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ืช, ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื•ื ืช ืžืื” ืฉืขืจื™ื, ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื—ื“ื™ื ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืœื• ื•ืžืกืชืขืคื™ื ืžืžื ื•, ืฉืืœื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™ื•. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžื ื“ื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ, ืขืœ ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ึพืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ึพืขื“ืชื™ึพื“ืชื™ ืฉื‘ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืื•ืคื™ื™ื ืช ื›ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืงืจืชื ื™ ื•ืงื•ืกืžื•ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ ื’ื ื™ื—ื“.
    ืืช ื“ืจื›ื• ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ืช ื”ื—ืœ ื›ืžื—ื‘ืจื ืฉืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื. ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืดืื•ืจื— ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ืด, ืจืื” ืื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืจื“ื™ื• ื”ื’ืœื’ืœ ื‘ึพ1947. ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื• ื”ืงืฆืจื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช, ื”ืชืคืจืกื ื‘ึพ1954 ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ื›ืœืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืขืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื. ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ื ืืกืคื• ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ืงื™ืกืจ (1960) ื•ืžื’ื™ื“ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื•ืช (1966). ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืกืคืจื™ื: ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ืŸ (1970; 1982) ื•ืฉืคืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืคื™ืคื™ื•ืจ (1971), ืฉืจืื” ืื•ืจ ื’ื ื‘ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ืช ื‘ึพ1982.
    ืจื•ืžืŸ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ ืขื˜ื•, ื™ืจื— ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ื”ื–ื”ื‘, ืจืื” ืื•ืจ ื‘ึพ1959. ื–ื”ื• ืจื•ืžืŸ ืกืื˜ื™ืจื™, ืฉื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื• ื”ืžื ืฆืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžื•ืฉื—ืชืช ื•ื”ื ื”ื ืชื ื™ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช, ืžื‘ื˜ื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืื›ื–ื‘ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช, ืฉืชืคืฉื” ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ื˜ืจื ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
    ื‘ึพ1979 ืคื™ืจืกื ืืช ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื•, ืจื•ืžืŸ ืื”ื‘ื” ืžืคื•ืชืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืคืจืฉื™ื™ื” ืฉืื™ืจืขื” ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืืš ื–ื• ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื‘ื• ื›ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœืกื˜ื™ื™ื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช. ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ืžืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ ื”ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžื•ื‘ื ื ื”ืจื—ื‘ ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ึพืœืื•ืžื™ ื›ืื—ื“. ืคื™ืจืกื ืกืคืจ ืื—ื“ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืกื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืจื™ืงื™: ื”ืจืคืชืงืื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื™ืงื™ ืžืขื•ื– ื•ื›ืœ ืขืœื™ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื• (1960).
    ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืขืกืง ืฉื—ืจ ืœืคืจื ืกืชื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ื’ื ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื•ืขืจื™ื›ื”. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืชื™ืจื’ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžื ื•ืช ืืช ืžืกืขื•ืช ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื•ืก ืžืืช ืืณ ืกืคืจื™ (1953); ื”ืขื•ื– ื•ื”ืชืคืืจืช ืžืืช ื’ืจืื”ื ื’ืจื™ืŸ (1960); ื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ืชืื• ืžืืช ืคืจืœ ืกืณ ื‘ืง (1960); ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ื–ึถืŸ ืžืืช ืคืณ ืจืคืก (1963) ื•ืขื•ื“. ื”ื•ื ืœื™ืงื˜, ืชื™ืจื’ื ื•ืขืจืš, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ืืช ืžื‘ื—ืจ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ (1956) ื•ืืช ืžื‘ื—ืจ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ (1961).
    ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉื ื™ ื”ืจื•ืžื ื™ื ื”ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ืœืขื™ืœ ื”ื—ืœ ืฉื—ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช, ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืื• ื”ืœื•ืจื™ืืŸ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื—ืจ ืœื›ื ื•ืชื•, ืขืœ ืฉื ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื•, ื’ื‘ืจื™ืืœ ืœื•ืจื™ื. ื”ืœื•ืจื™ืืŸ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืคืกื’ืช ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉื—ืจ ื•ื›ืื—ืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช.
    ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ืช ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืดืฉืขืจื™ืืด (ืจื•ืžื ื™ื), ืฉื”ืชืคืจืกืžื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื—ืฆื™ ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืฉื ื™ื (ื‘ื™ืŸ 1969 ืœึพ1994), ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ: ืงื™ืฅ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื (1969); ื”ืžืกืข ืœืื•ืจ ื›ืฉื“ื™ื (1971); ื™ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื–ื ืช (1976); ื ื™ื ื’ืœ (1983); ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืคืื™ื (1986); ื—ืœื•ื ืœื™ืœ ืชืžื•ื– (1988); ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ื— (1994) ื•ื”ืฉืขืจ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื™, ืœื™ืœื•ืช ืœื•ื˜ืฆื™ื” (1991), ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉืขืจ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืฉืขืจ ื”ืกืชื•ื. ืœืื—ืจ ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื• ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืขื™ื–ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืฉื—ืจ ืงื˜ืข ืžืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืกืง ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ืชื• ืกืžื•ืš ืœืžื•ืชื• ื•ื ื•ืขื“ ื›ื ืจืื” ืœืกื›ื ื•ืœื—ืชื•ื ืกื•ืคื™ืช ืืช ืžืคืขืœ ื”ืขื ืง ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื. ื”ืงื˜ืข ืคื•ืจืกื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืกื“ ื‘ื™ืืœื™ืง (1998) ื‘ืฉื ืืœ ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื™ืชื™ื, ื›ืžื—ื•ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจ ืคืขื™ืœ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“.
    ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™ ื”ื ืฉืขืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ืงื‘ืœื™ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉืคืข ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืืจืฆื™ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืœื• ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ื ื ืฉื‘ืจื™ื. ืื•ืœื ื”ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื—ื” ื–ื• ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉื—ืจ ื”ื™ื ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ืืžื ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืขืœืช ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ืืฃ ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™. ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื”ืืžื ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืดืชื™ืงื•ืŸืด ื”ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืœืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื: ื”ื™ืึพื”ื™ื ืชื•ืฆืืช ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืจืกื™ืกื™ื ื•ืื™ื—ื•ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช โ€“ ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ืืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉึถื›ึผืœื• ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืืš ืงืžื•ืช ืœืชื—ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•.
    ืฉื—ืจ ืžืงื™ื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื”ืจื•ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœืคื™ืกืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื, ื”ืžื›ื™ืœ ืขื ื–ืืช ื’ื ื–ืžื ื™ื ื•ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื›ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจืืฉื™, ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ โ€“ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืกื•ืฆื™ืื˜ื™ื‘ื™, ื”ื ื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื•ื” ืœืขื‘ืจ, ื”ืžืขืจื‘ืœ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ื•ืื•ืจื’ ืื•ืชื ืœืžืกื›ืช ืื—ืช. ื‘ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื™ืฆืจ ืฉื—ืจ ืžืขื™ืŸ ืดืงื•ืžื“ื™ื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืชืด, ืฉื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืžื ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืจืืฉื™ื™ื, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื›ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืžืฉื ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื›ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืจืงืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื• ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืจื— ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขืžื“ืช ื”ืฉืชืื•ืช ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืื•ืชืชืช ืœื”ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืดืžืขึตื‘ืจืด, ื•ืžืชืื•ื•ื™ื ืœืคืขื ื— ืืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืชื™ื”. ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื›ืคืœ ืคื ื™ื: ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืฉื ื”ืืจืฆื™ ื•ื‘ื”ื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื ื”ืื—ืจืช, ื”ื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžืกืคืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืกืžื™ึพืคื ื˜ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ืจื. ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื• ืขืœ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืคืจื•ึผืกื˜ื™ืื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืกืชืžื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืกืคืจ ืขืœ ื›ื•ื—ื• ื”ืžึฐื—ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื•ื˜ ื”ืืกื•ืฆื™ืื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืชื•ื“ืขื” ื”ื–ื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื, ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ืืš ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ื’ื• ืžื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื–ื•.
    ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืกื“ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ืงื”ืœ ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื’ื•ืจืคืช. ืขื ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืคืจืกื™ื ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ื™ื: ืคืจืก ืขื’ื ื•ืŸ (1973), ืคืจืก ื‘ื™ืืœื™ืง (1984), ืคืจืก ื ื™ื•ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจึพืื™ืœืŸ (1986โ€“1987), ืคืจืก ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” (1969, 1978, 1991) ื•ืคืจืก ื”ื ืฉื™ื (1997).
    ื‘ึพ1972 ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื›ื™ื•ืดืจ ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ื™ื”ืŸ ื’ื ื›ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ืงืœื•ื‘ ืคืืดืŸ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™. ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ืชื• ืจืืชื” ืื•ืจ ื‘ึพ1996 ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช. ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืชื•ืจื’ืžื• ืœืฉืคื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช. ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืฆืจืคืช. ืื—ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื–ื• (ืฉืœื” ืฉื•ืชืคื”, ื›ื ืจืื”, ื’ื ื”ืžืชืจื’ืžืช ืฉืœื• ืžื“ืœื™ืŸ ื ื–ืณ) ื”ื•ื ื”ืคืจืกื™ื ื•ื”ืขื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื–ื›ื” ื‘ื”ื ืฉื. ื‘ึพ1981 ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก ืžื“ื™ืกื™ืก ื”ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื–ืจื” (Prix Medicis Etranger) ื•ื‘ึพ1985 ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ืขื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืžืคืงื“ ืฉืœ ืžืกื“ืจ ื”ืืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ืžื˜ืขื ืžืžืฉืœืช ืฆืจืคืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืขื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืžื˜ืขื ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื•ืขืจื™ื ื‘ืฆืจืคืช ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•.
    ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื ืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืคืจื•ืคืณ ืฉื•ืœืžื™ืช ืฉื—ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื•ืง, ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘. ืื‘ ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื. ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ืคืืจื™ืก ื‘ื›ืดื“ ื‘ึผึทืึฒื“ึธืจ ื‘ืณ ืชืฉื ืดื–, 2 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1997 ื•ื ื˜ืžืŸ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื.

ื ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœึพื™ื“ื™ ื—ื™ื” ืฉื—ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช 
[ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื: ืงืจืกืœ, ืืจื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื’. ืงืจืกืœ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ืื•ืคืง ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ืกื•ืคืจื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืงืคื” ื’ืช โ€“ ืขื•ืœืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ, ื’ืจื ื•ืช, ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”, ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืœืชืจื’ื•ื ืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ะญะปะตะบั‚ั€ะพะฝะฝะฐั ะตะฒั€ะตะนัะบะฐั ัะฝั†ะธะบะปะพะฟะตะดะธั]
[ืฆื™ืœื•ื: ื™ื•ืจื ืœื”ืžืŸ]

ืกืคืจื™ื•:
  • ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช : ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉื˜ืดื•) <ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ: ืขืœ ื”ืฆืœืœื™ื ื•ื”ืฆืœื โ€“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจื•ืงื— ื•ื‘ื’ืื•ืœืชึพื”ืขื•ืœื โ€“ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ืฆื•ืช โ€“ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ื”ืงื™ืฅ โ€“ ื—ืคื™ืกืช ื”ืกื™ื’ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื™ืงื” โ€“ ื™ืžื™ื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” โ€“ ื ืขืจ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ โ€“ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืกื‘ืœื™ื โ€“ ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื” โ€“ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ื—ื‘ืฉื™ื โ€“ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช>
  • ื™ืจื— ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ื”ื–ื”ื‘ : ืจื•ืžืืŸ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื“ืจ, ืชืฉื™ืดื˜) <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื™ืฆืื” ืœืื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืชืฉืžืดื— 1988>
  • ืงื™ืกืจ : ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืœื™ื“ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืฉืดืš 1960) <ืชื•ื›ืŸ: ืงื™ืกืจ โ€“ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื˜ืื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื โ€“ ืคื™ื ื™ืง ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืืช ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขืœืžื” ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ โ€“ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื•ื‘ืชื• โ€“ ื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ โ€“ ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ืŸ>
  • ืžื’ื™ื“ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื•ืช : ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ื“ ืžืกื“ื”, 1966) <ืกื“ืจ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื: ืžื’ื™ื“ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื•ืช โ€“ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื” โ€“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ืŸื โ€“ ืืฉืช ื‘ืขืœืช ื”ืื•ื‘ โ€“ ืฉืคืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืคื™ืคื™ื•ืจ โ€“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ>
  • ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื : ืงื™ืฅ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื (ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื” ื•ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ืชืฉื›ืดื˜ 1969)
  • ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ืŸ : ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืฉื•ืงืŸ, ืชืฉืดืœ 1970) <ืกื“ืจ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื: ื—ืคื™ืกืช ื”ืกื™ื’ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื™ืงื” โ€“ ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื” โ€“ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ืฆื•ืช โ€“ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ื”ืงื™ืฅ โ€“ ื™ืžื™ื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” โ€“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจื•ืงื— ื•ื‘ื’ืื•ืœืช ื”ืขื•ืœื โ€“ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืกื‘ืœื™ื โ€“ ื ืขืจ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ โ€“ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช โ€“ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ื—ื‘ืฉื™ื โ€“ ืขืœ ื”ืฆืœืœื™ื ื•ื”ืฆืœื โ€“ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื˜ืื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื โ€“ ื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ โ€“ ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ืŸ> <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื™ืฆืื” ืœืื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืชืฉืžืดื‘ 1982>
  • ืฉืคืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืคื™ืคื™ื•ืจ : ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืฉื•ืงืŸ, ืชืฉืœืดื 1971) <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื™ืฆืื” ืœืื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืชืฉืžืดื’ 1982>
  • ื”ืžืกืข ืœืื•ืจึพื›ืฉื“ื™ื (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ืชืฉืœืดื 1971) <ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื’ื ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืฉืžืดื• 1985. ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืžืชื•ืงื ืช ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉื ืดื• 1996> <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืฆืจืคืชื™ืช>
  • Un voyage a Ur de Chaldee / traduit de lืณHebreu par Madeleine Neige (Paris : Gallimard, 1980)
  • ื”ืจืคืชืงืื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื™ืงื™ ืžืขื•ื– : ื•ื›ืœ ืขืœื™ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืกืคืจื ื•ืื ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ืฉืžืขืชื™ื ืžืคื™ื• ื•ื”ืขืœืชื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื‘ (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื“ืจ, 1974) <ืื™ื•ืจื™ื โ€“ ื‘ื ื™ ืขื“ืŸ> <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื ืดืกื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืจื™ืงื™ืด ื™ืฆืื” ืœืื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืชืฉืžืดื— 1988>
  • ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื’ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช, ืชืฉืœืดื”) <ื”ืชืงื™ื ื• ืœื“ืคื•ืก ื•ืขืจื›ื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื•ืŸ โ€“ ื™ื•ืจื ื”ื ืœื” ื•ื™ื’ืืœ ืžื•ืœื“ื‘ืกืงื™>
  • ื™ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื–ื ืช (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ืชืฉืœืดื•)
  • ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช : ืืจื‘ืขื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช, ืชืฉืœืดื˜) <ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ ืœืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืงืœื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื’ืœื™ื” ื™ืจื“ื ื™>
  • ื™ืจื— ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ื”ื–ื”ื‘ : ืจื•ืžืืŸ (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื“ืจ, 1976) <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ืฉื ื™ื”>
  • ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื“ืจ, 1979)
  • ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื• : ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ืคืจืฉื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื”, ืฉืชื—ื™ืœืชื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื•ืกื•ืคื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื“ืจ, 1979) <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื›ื ื” ื‘ึพ1982>
  • ื ื™ื ื’ืœ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืžืดื’ 1983)
  • ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืคืื™ื (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืžืดื• 1986) <ื”ืกืคืจ ืžื”ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืฉืขืจ ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืดื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ืืด>
  • ื—ืœื•ื ืœื™ืœ ืชืžื•ื– (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืžืดื˜ 1988) <ืดืฉืขืจ ืฉืฉื™ ื‘ืณื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ืืณืด>
  • ืœื™ืœื•ืช ืœื•ื˜ืฆื™ื” (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืชืฉื ืดื‘ 1991) <ืดื”ืฉืขืจ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื‘ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืจื•ืžื ื™ื ... ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ืืด>
  • ืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ื— (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืกืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืช, ืชืฉื ืดื” 1994)
  • ื™ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื–ื ืช (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืกืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืช, ืชืฉื ืดื• 1996) <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืžืชื•ืงื ืช>
  • ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืคืื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืกืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืช, ืชืฉื ืดื• 1996) <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืžืชื•ืงื ืช>
  • ื—ืœื•ื ืœื™ืœ ืชืžื•ื– (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืกืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืช, ืชืฉื ืดื• 1996) <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืžืชื•ืงื ืช>
  • ื”ืžืกืข ืœืื•ืจ ื›ืฉื“ื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืกืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืช, ืชืฉื ืดื• 1996)<ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืžืชื•ืงื ืช>
  • ื ื™ืŸึพื’ืœ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืกืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืช, ืชืฉื ืดื• 1996) <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืžืชื•ืงื ืช>
  • ืืœ ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื™ืชื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ืžื•ืกื“ ื‘ื™ืืœื™ืง, ืชืฉื ืดื— 1998) <ืื—ืจื™ืช ื“ื‘ืจ โ€“ ืื‘ื ืจ ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื™ืŸ>
  • ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ โ€“ ื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืงืฆืจื™ื : ืžืŸ ื”ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ืณืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ืŸืณ, ืณืฉืคืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืคื™ืคื™ื•ืจืณ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžื’ื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, 2016) <ื‘ืœื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ืžืกื” ืดืžืžืื” ืฉืขืจื™ื ืœื“ืจืš ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ืืด, ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื•ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื• ื”ืงืฆืจื™ื, ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ื™ื, ืžืืช ืืจื™ื” ื—ื™ื ืงื™ืก>
ืชืจื’ื•ื ื•ืขืจื™ื›ื”:
  • ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ ื ืืคื•ืœื™ืื•ืŸ / ื ืขืจื›ื• ื•ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ืขืดื™ ื™ืดืž ืชื•ืžืคืกื•ืŸ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื“ืจ, ืชืฉื˜ืดื•)
ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•:

ืกืคืจื™ื:
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืคืข : ื—ื™ื™ื• ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืจืžืœ, ืชืฉืกืดื’ 2003)
    ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ:
    • ืืœื‘ื•, ื“ืŸ. ืดื”ื›ืœื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืด. ื“ื™ืžื•ื™, ื’ืœืณ 24 (ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืชืฉืกืดื”), ืขืžืณ 65โ€“66
  • ื›ืดืฅ, ืฉืจื”.  ื”ืื ื™ ื•ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื• ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขืงื“, 1975)
  • ื›ืดืฅ, ืฉืจื”. ืžืจืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืžืดื” 1985)
    ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ
  • ืคืœื“ึพื’ื™ื ื–ื‘ื•ืจื’, ืžื™ื›ืœ ื•ืžืฉื” ืจื•ืŸ. ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื : ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ, ื–ื”ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ (ื‘ื ื™ึพื‘ืจืง : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, 2004)  <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช>
    ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ:
  • Ginsburg, Michal Peled and Moshe Ron. Shattered vessels : memory, identity & creation in the work of David Shahar (Albany, NY : State University of New York Press, 2004)
ืžืืžืจื™ื:
  • ืื‘ื™ืฉื™, ืžืจื“ื›ื™.  ืขื•ื“ ืคืจืง ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืœืึพื’ืžื•ืจื”.  ืžืขืจื™ื‘, 31 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1971.
  • ืื‘ื™ืฉื™, ืžืจื“ื›ื™. ื—ืœื•ื ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื’ืœื’ื•ืœื™ึพื”ื–ืžืŸ : ืขื ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืขืดื, ื’ืœืณ 7 (ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉื ืดื–, ืžืื™ 1997), ืขืžืณ 54โ€“56.
  • ืื—ื™ึพื ืขืžื™, ืืžื ื•ืŸ.  ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ื›ืžืชืงืŸ ืขื•ืœื.  ื›ืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื˜ืดื• ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ืชืฉืžืดื‘, 11 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1981, ืขืžืณ 38โ€“39 <ืจืื™ื•ืŸ>
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ื›ื—ื•ืงืจ ื”ืœื‘ ื”ื ืฉื™. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช โ€“ ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื˜ืณ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉื ืดื–, 16 ื‘ืžืื™ 1997, ืขืžืณ 29. <ืขืœ ื“ืžื•ืชื• ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืคืจ>
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ื›ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžื•ืฉื’ ื”ืณืฆืžืฆื•ืืณ ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืืจืดื™. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืขืดื, ื’ืœืณ 9 (ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉื ืดื–, ื™ื•ืœื™ 1997), ืขืžืณ 8โ€“11.
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ. ืืคื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ, ื’ืœืณ 49 (1997), ืขืžืณ 44โ€“47.
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ื”ืื ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ืžืชืงื ืช ืขื•ืœื? ืืคื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ, ื’ืœืณ 52 (1998), ืขืžืณ 30โ€“32.
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ืขืœ ืณืžื’ื™ื“ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื•ืชืณ ืœื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืขืดื’, ื’ืœืณ 1 (1998), ืขืžืณ 49โ€“50.
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ืื”ื‘ื” ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืœื•ืจื™ืื ื™ : ืกืงื™ืจื” ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉืžื—ืช ืชื•ืจื” โ€“ ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื›ืดื ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืดืก, 1 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1999, ืขืžืณ 28.
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ื”ืฆืขื” ืœื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืงืฆืจ ืณื‘ืขืจื‘ ื”ืงื™ืฅืณ ืœื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ. ืขืœื•ืŸ ืœืžื•ืจื” ืœืกืคืจื•ืช, ื’ืœืณ 19 (ืชืฉืดืก, 1998/1999), ืขืžืณ 100โ€“106.
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืจืื™ ื”ืœื•ืจื™ืื ื™. ืขืœื™ ืฉื™ื—, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 42 (ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืชืฉืดืก 1999), ืขืžืณ 51โ€“72. <ืขืœ ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืืจืดื™ ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื• ืขืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ>
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื—ืจ (ืžืกื”). ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื›ืจืš 17 (2000), ืขืžืณ 186โ€“188.
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ืฉื ื›ื“ืœืช ืคืชื•ื—ื” ืœื–ื”ื•ืช. ืขืœื™ ืฉื™ื—, ื›ืจืš 44 (2000), ืขืžืณ 8โ€“18. <ืฉืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื•ืช, ื›ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื“ืขืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ>
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ื‘ื’ื“ ื”ืืฉื” ืืฆืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ืขื“ ืœืขืจืš ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ึพืงื‘ืœื™. ื“ื™ืžื•ื™, ื’ืœืณ 21 (2002), ืขืžืณ 44โ€“47.
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ืฉืžื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ. ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื›ืจืš 18 (2002), ืขืžืณ 218โ€“228.
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืดืจืขื™ื“ืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ื‘ืื’ื“ื™ืจืด โ€“ ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืฆืคื•ื™ ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื”. ื‘ืžื›ืœืœื”, ื›ืจืš 14โ€“15 (2003), ืขืžืณ 345โ€“349. <ื“ื‘ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจืช ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ืฉืื• ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืืœื™ืฉืจ ืœืžื•ืจืฉืช ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืกืคืจื“ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืŸึพื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื‘. ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื” ืžืชืืจืช ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจืช ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืจื•ืงื• ืœืคื ื™ ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืจืขื™ื“ืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื” ืฉื ื‘ืฉื ืช 1960. ืžืชื•ืืจ ืกืคื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ ืฉืœื” ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืืฉื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืจืื™ ื”ืœื•ืจื™ืื ื™ ื•ื”ืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ื ื”ื ืฉื™ื™ื ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืขื•ืœื>
  • ื‘ื–ื™ื–, ืื•ืจื ื. ื”ื›ืœ ืฆืคื•ื™ ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื”. ื”ื“ืืจ, ืฉื ื” 83, ื’ืœืณ 2 (2004), ืขืžืณ 50โ€“51.
  • ื‘ืœืื˜, ืื‘ืจื”ื.  ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ โ€“ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืกืžืœ.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืชื (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกื™ื’ืœื™ืช, ืชืฉืœืดื“ 1974), ืขืžืณ 128โ€“133.
  • ื‘ืฆืœืืœ, ื™ืฆื—ืง.  ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืืœื•ื”ื™ื”.  ืžืฉื (ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ืœืณืœืžืจื—ื‘ืณ), ื’ืœืณ 37 (ื™ืดื– ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉื›ืดื•, 2 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1966), ืขืžืณ ื (ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื”ื›ืœ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ : ืขื ืกื•ืคืจื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื™ื•ื (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉื›ืดื˜ 1969), ืขืžืณ 94โ€“100>
  • ื‘ืจื•ื ื•ื‘ืกืงื™, ื™ื•ืจื.  ืงื™ืจื‘ืชึพื™ืชืจ, ืจื™ื—ื•ืงึพื™ืชืจ ื•ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ื—ืณ ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ืชืฉืžืดื‘, 4 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1981.
  • ื‘ืจื–ืœ, ื”ืœืœ.  ื‘ืขื™ืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืขื’ื ื•ืŸ: ื™. ืฉื ื”ืจ, ื‘. ืชืžื•ื– ื•ื“. ืฉื—ืจ.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ื˜ืืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช (ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ื“ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžืกื“ื”, ืชืฉืœืดื“ 1974), ืขืžืณ 58โ€“69.
  • ื‘ืจื–ืœ, ื”ืœืœ. ืœืžื”ื•ืช ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ื ืดื‘, ื’ืœืณ 1 (ื›ืกืœื• ืชืฉืžืดื, ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1980), ืขืžืณ 15โ€“27.
  • ื‘ืจืชื ื, ืื•ืจืฆื™ื•ืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจื•. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช โ€“ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืช, ื“ืณ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื ืดื–, 11 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1997, ืขืžืณ 26.
  • ื‘ืจืชื ื, ืื•ืจืฆื™ื•ืŸ. ืฉืชื™ ืืกื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืดื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”ืด: ืืจืฅึพื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืขื•ื– ืžื•ืœ ืืจืฅึพื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืฉื—ืจ. ืžื—ืงืจื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ, ืงื•ื‘ืฅ 13 (2004), ืขืžืณ 305โ€“318.
  • ื’ื•ืœืŸ, ืืจื ื”.  ืดื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื“ืืด ืžืืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ.  ื‘ืกืคืจื” ื’ื‘ืจ, ืื™ืฉื”, ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื–ื”ื•ืช : ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื”ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช  (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื—ื•ืจื‘, ืชืฉืกืดื” 2004), ืขืžืณ 277โ€“285.
  • ื—ืกื™ืŸ, ื–ืณื•ืœื™ื™ื˜.  ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืจืกืœ ืคืจื•ืกื˜ ืœื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ: ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืดืœื•ืจื™ืืŸืด ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืืกืชื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื•ืช.  ืฆืคื•ืŸ: ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืกืคืจื•ืชื™, ื›ืจืš ื– (ืชืฉืกืดื“ 2004), ืขืžืณ 99โ€“122.
  • ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื™ืŸ, ืื‘ื ืจ. ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืจื’ื‘ื™ื ืžื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื: ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืžื™ื˜ืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ. ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 206 (1997), ืขืžืณ 12โ€“13.
  • ื™ืคื”, ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘.  ื ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื–ืจื”.  ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ, ื˜ืดื• ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ืชืฉืžืดื‘, 11 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1981
  • ื™ืฆื—ืงื™, ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ื”. ื‘ืจืœ ืจื‘ืŸ โ€“ ืืฉื‘ืขืœ ืขืฉืชืจื•ืช โ€“ ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืจื˜ื•ืฉ?. ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœโ€™ 256 (ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืกืดื, ื™ื•ื ื™ 2001), ืขืžืณ 16โ€“19.
  • ื›ืฅ, ืฉืจื”.  ื”ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืืึพื”ื–ืงื ื” ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื“. ืฉื—ืจ.  ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžืฉื, ื•ืณ ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืœืดื, 27 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1971, ืขืžืณ 12, 13.
  • ื›ืฅ, ืฉืจื”.  ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ โ€“ ืดื ื•ืคื™ ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ื‘ืจืื™ ื ืคื•ื’ืด.  ื‘ืกืคืจื”: ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื›ืžื‘ืข ืื•ืžื ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื–ื– ื•ืฉื—ืจ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช, ืชืฉืœืดื—), ืขืžืณ  132โ€“326.
  • ื›ืฅ, ืฉืจื”. ื”ืื•ืจ ื•ื”ื”ืืจื” (ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ื”ืžื•ืคื ืžืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ). ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ื ืดื—, ื’ืœืณ 5โ€“6 (1984), ืขืžืณ 47โ€“48.
  • ื›ืฅ, ืฉืจื”. ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืžื‘ืข ืืžื ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื–ื– ื•ืฉื—ืจ. ืขืœื•ืŸ ืœืžื•ืจื” ืœืกืคืจื•ืช, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 14 (ืชืฉื ืดื’), ืขืžืณ 144โ€“162.
  • ื›ืฅ, ืฉืจื”. ื”ื”ื™ื›ืœ ืฉื ื•ืคืฅ ืœืจืกื™ืกื™ื (ืขื ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ). ื”ืื•ืžื”, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 128 (1997), ืขืžืณ 441โ€“447.
  • ื›ืฅ, ืฉืจื”. ื”ืงื•ื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ึพืขืจื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ. ื”ืื•ืžื”, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 136 (1999), ืขืžืณ 454โ€“470.
  • ื›ืฅ, ืฉืจื”. ื”ืื™ืฉ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืžืกื›ื” (ืžืกื”). ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช, ื›ืจืš ื™ืดื– (ืชืฉืดืก 2000), ืขืžืณ 189โ€“195.
  • ื›ืฅ, ืฉืจื”. ืคืกื ืชืจ ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื.  ืžืงื•ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืฉื‘ืช, ื›ืดื— ื‘ืื“ืจ ื‘ืณ ืชืฉืกืดื—, 4 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2008, ืขืžืณ 10 <ืดื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืžื•ืกื™ืงื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื•ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœื” ื’ื ืœื”ื‘ืงื™ืข ืžืชื•ื›ื” ืžื•ืกื™ืงื”. ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื ืกื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื•ื•ืงืœื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ืœื’ื•ืคื ื™ืด>
  • ืœื•ื–, ืฆื‘ื™.  ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ: ืชื”ื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืกื™ืžื˜ืื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ืื“ื ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืืจืฅึพื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืฉืดืœ 1970), ืขืžืณ 122โ€“143.
  • ืœื•ื–, ืฆื‘ื™.  ื”ืžืžื“ ื”ืืคื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ.  ื‘ืฆืจื•ืŸ (ืกื“ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื”), ื›ืจืš ื˜ืณ, ื’ืœืณ 37โ€“38 (367โ€“368) (ื—ื•ืจืฃโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืชืฉืžืดื—, 1988), ืขืžืณ 49โ€“53.
  • ืœื•ื˜ืŸ, ื™ืขืœ.  ื ื•ืœื“ื ื• ืœืชื•ืš ืขื•ืœื ืžืคื•ืฆืฅ.  ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›ืดื• ื‘ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืžืดื“, 2 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1983, ืขืžืณ 32โ€“33 <ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ>
  • ืœื™ืฃ, ื—ื™ื™ื.  ืคืจืก ืœื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ.  ื‘ืฆืจื•ืŸ (ืกื“ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื”), ื›ืจืš ื˜ืณ, ื’ืœืณ 37โ€“38 (367โ€“368) (ื—ื•ืจืฃโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืชืฉืžืดื—, 1988), ืขืžืณ 5.
  • ืžืื ื”, ื ื•ืจื™ืช.  ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ, ืืื•ื˜ืกื™ื™ื“ืจ.  ืงื•ืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื™ืดื— ื‘ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืžืดื”, 7 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1985, ืขืžืณ 24โ€“25 <ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ>
  • ืกื’ืœ, ื ื™ืœื™.  ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ืขื ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ.  ื‘ืฆืจื•ืŸ, (ืกื“ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื”), ื›ืจืš ื–ืณ, ื’ืœืณ 27โ€“28 (357โ€“358) (ืชืฉืจื™โ€“ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืžืดื•, ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1985), ืขืžืณ 25โ€“29.
  • ืกื’ืœ, ื ื™ืœื™.  ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ืขืœ ืืžื ื•ืช ื•ืืžื•ื ื”.  ื‘ืฆืจื•ืŸ (ืกื“ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื”), ื›ืจืš ื˜ืณ, ื’ืœืณ 37โ€“38 (367โ€“368) (ื—ื•ืจืฃโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืชืฉืžืดื—, 1988), ืขืžืณ 28โ€“34.
  • ืคื•ื ื™, ืžืœื›ื”.  ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืืžื ื•ืช : ืขืœ ืชืื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ.  ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื›ืดื— ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืžืดื‘, 21 ื‘ืžืื™ 1982, ืขืžืณ 35.
  • ืคื•ื ื™, ืžืœื›ื”.  ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื›ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ.  ื‘ืงื•ืจืช ื•ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 20 (ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืžืดื”, ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1984), ืขืžืณ 61โ€“74.
  • ืคืœื“ึพื’ื™ื ื–ื‘ื•ืจื’, ืžื™ื›ืœ.  ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื—ืจ.  ืžื—ืงืจื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื›ืจืš ื™ืดื˜ (ืชืฉืกืดื’ 2003), ืขืžืณ 273โ€“304 <ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืžืฉื” ืจื•ืŸ>
  • ืคืœื“ืžืŸ, ื™ืขืœ ืฉื’ื™ื‘. ืขืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื”ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืขืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ.  ื”ื“ื•ืืจ, ืฉื ื” 61, ื’ืœืณ ื™ืดื (ื›ืดื– ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืžืดื‘, 22 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1982), ืขืžืณ 168โ€“169.
  • ืคืจืก ื ื™ื•ืžืŸ : ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื.  ื‘ืฆืจื•ืŸ (ืกื“ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื”), ื›ืจืš ื˜ืณ, ื’ืœืณ 37โ€“38 (367โ€“368) (ื—ื•ืจืฃโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืชืฉืžืดื—, 1988), ืขืžืณ 53โ€“55.
  • ืฆื™ืคืจ, ื‘ื ื™.  ืžืกืชืจื™ ื”ืงื•ืกืžื•ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช : ืขื ื”ืขื ืงืช ืคืจืก ืดืžื“ื™ืกื™ืกืด ืœื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืืณ ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ืชืฉืžืดื‘, 27 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1981, ืขืžืณ 25.
  • ืฉืœื•, ืžืื™ืจ.  ืคืจื™ื“ื” ืžื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ.  ืฆืคื•ืŸ: ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืกืคืจื•ืชื™, ื›ืจืš ื”ืณ (ืชืฉื ืดื— 1998), ืขืžืณ 30โ€“31.
  • ืฉืœื•ื, ื”ื“ืจื”. ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ืืฆืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ : ืขื™ืžื•ืช ืขื ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื ืืฆืœ ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืขืดื, ื’ืœืณ 6 (ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื ืดื–, ืืคืจื™ืœ 1997), ืขืžืณ 43โ€“46.
  • ืฉืงื“, ื’ืจืฉื•ืŸ.  ืจื•ืžืื ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ืžืื•ื›ื–ื‘ื™ื ื•ืกื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื’ืจื•ื˜ืกืงื™ื™ื. ื‘ืชื•ืš: ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ : ืžื•ื’ืฉื™ื ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ืœืฅ / ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืฆื‘ื™ื” ื‘ืŸึพื™ื•ืกืฃ ื’ื™ื ื•ืจ (ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืœืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืชืฉืกืดื’ 2003), ืขืžืณ 239โ€“285 <ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืชืžื•ื–, ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ, ื ืกื™ื ืืœื•ื ื™ ื•ืขืžื•ืก ืงื™ื ืŸ>
ืขืœ ืดืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชืด
  • ื™ืจื“ื ื™, ื’ืœื™ื”.  ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื ื•ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชื™ื•.  ืžืฉื (ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ืœืณืœืžืจื—ื‘ืณ), ื’ืœืณ 15 (107) (ื›ืณ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื˜ืดื•, 12 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1955), ืขืžืณ ื‘.
  • ืฆืžื—, ืฉืœืžื”. ื”ืชื—ืœื•ืช : ืดืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชืด, ืžืืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ, ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 9 (ืชืฉื˜ืดื– 1956), ืขืžืณ 14โ€“23.
ืขืœ ืดื™ืจื— ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ื”ื–ื”ื‘ืด
  • ื‘ื—ื•ืจ, ื™ื•ื ื”. ื”ื—ืจื•ืช ืœื ืคืฅ ืืœื™ืœื™ื. ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžืฉื, ื›ืดื’ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืœืดื–, 11 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1977, ืขืžืณ 16 <ื ื“ืคืก ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจื”: ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืกืคืจื•ืช (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™ืจื•ืŸ ื’ื•ืœืŸ, 1993), ืขืžืณ 71โ€“74>
  • ื“.ืฉ. ืดื™ืจื— ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ื”ื–ื”ื‘ืด.  ืงืฉืช, ืฉื ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ ื’ (ืื‘ื™ื‘ 1959), ืขืžืณ 191โ€“192.
  • ืคื ื•ืืœื™, ืฉืดื™.  ื™ืจื— ื“ื‘ืฉื• ื•ื–ื”ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื“. ืฉื—ืจ.  ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืœืืžื ื•ืช, ืœืณ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื™ืดื˜, 8 ื‘ืžืื™ 1959, ืขืžืณ 6.
  • ืคืจื™ื“ืžืŸ, ืจื‘ืงื”.  ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ื”ืกืื˜ื™ืจื™ : ื—ื ืง ื”ืžื™ืžืกื“.  ื‘ืกืคืจื”: ื”ืชื ื”ืžืชื ื‘ืœ : ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืœืžื ื˜ื™ื ืคื™ืงืืจืกืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” (ื—ื™ืคื” : ืคื™ื ืชึพื”ืกืคืจ, ืชืฉืœืดื— 1977), ืขืžืณ 95โ€“102 <ื”ืขื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ืžืกื“ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื“. ืฉื—ืจ, ืณื™ืจื— ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ื”ื–ื”ื‘ืณ ื•ื‘ื˜ืจื™ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘. ืชืžื•ื–; ืฉืืœืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื”ื–ืณืื ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืณื™ืจื— ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ื”ื–ื”ื‘ืณ ื”ื ื•ื›ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืืฆืœ ืฉื—ืจ ื•ืืฆืœ ืื‘ืจืžื•ื‘ื™ืฅ, ืณื™ืจื— ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ื”ื–ื”ื‘ืณ ื•ืณืžื•ืœ ืคืœื ื“ืจืกืณ ืœื“ื™ืคื•; ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืกืื˜ื™ืจื™ื™ืึพืื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืจื™ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘. ืชืžื•ื–, ืืœื™ืงื•ื ื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงืืจื•, ืฉืืœืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื”ืชื›ืกื™ืกื™ืช ื•ื”ื”ื ืžืงื” ื”ืืชื ื™ืชึพื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืืฆืœ ืชืžื•ื–, ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงืืจืกื™ื™ื> 
  • ืงืฆื ืœืกื•ืŸ, ื’ื“ืขื•ืŸ.  ืขืœ ืดื™ืจื— ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ื”ื–ื”ื‘ืด.  ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ื˜ืณ, ื’ืœืณ 5 (ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืดืš, ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1959), ืขืžืณ 346โ€“351.
ืขืœ ืดืงื™ืกืจืด
ืขืœ ืดืžื’ื™ื“ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื•ืชืด
  • ืื‘ื™ืฉื™, ืžืจื“ื›ื™. ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ, ื“ืฃ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืœืืžื ื•ืช, ื™ืดื“ ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉื›ืดื–, 28 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1966, ืขืžืณ 6.
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ. ื”ืื•ืžื”, ืฉื ื”  ื”ืณ, ื’ืœืณ 18 (ืชืฉื›ืดื–), ืขืžืณ 288โ€“292.
ืขืœ ืดืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื”ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ืŸืด
  • ื‘ืืจ, ื—ื™ื™ื.  ืดืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ืŸืด ืœื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื›ืดื“ ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืดืœ, 25 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1970, ืขืžืณ 22.
  • ื—. ื‘. ืดืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื”ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ืŸืด. ืงืฉืช, ืฉื ื” 13, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ ื (ืžืดื˜) (ืกืชื• ืชืฉืœืดื 1970), ืขืžืณ 185โ€“186.
  • ื—ื™ื ืงื™ืก, ืืจื™ื”.  ืžืžืื” ืฉืขืจื™ื ืœื“ืจืš ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื : ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื•ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื• ื”ืงืฆืจื™ื, ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ื™ื. ื‘ืชื•ืš: ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ โ€“ ื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืงืฆืจื™ื : ืžืŸ ื”ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ืณืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ืŸืณ, ืณืฉืคืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืคื™ืคื™ื•ืจืณ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžื’ื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, 2016), ืขืžืณ 411โ€“603.
ืขืœ ืดืฉืคืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืคื™ืคื™ื•ืจืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ื•ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ.  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื˜ืดื• ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉืœืดื, 6 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1971 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื”ืงืฆืจ (ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ : ื™ื—ื“, ืชืฉืžืดื– 1987), ืขืžืณ 21โ€“27>
  • ื—ื™ื ืงื™ืก, ืืจื™ื”.  ืžืžืื” ืฉืขืจื™ื ืœื“ืจืš ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื : ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื•ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื• ื”ืงืฆืจื™ื, ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ื™ื. ื‘ืชื•ืš: ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ โ€“ ื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืงืฆืจื™ื : ืžืŸ ื”ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ืณืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ืŸืณ, ืณืฉืคืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืคื™ืคื™ื•ืจืณ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžื’ื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, 2016), ืขืžืณ 411โ€“603.
ืขืœ ืดื”ืžืกืข ืœืื•ืจ ื›ืฉื“ื™ืืด
  • ืื‘ื™ืฉื™, ืžืจื“ื›ื™.  ืขื•ื“ ืคืจืง ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืœืึพื’ืžื•ืจื”.  ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ื™ืดื’ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืœืดื‘, 31 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1971, ืขืžืณ 35.
  • ืื‘ื™ืฉื™, ืžืจื“ื›ื™ [ืž. ืื‘ื™ ืฉืœืžื”].  ืžืกืข ืฉืœ ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ, ื™ืดื‘ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืืณ ืชืฉืžืดื•, 21 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1986, ืขืžืณ 18.
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ืดื—ื“ื•ื•ืช ื”ื™ืงื™ืฆื•ืชืด ื•ืดื—ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื™ืงื™ืฆื”ืด.  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืณ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืœืดื‘, 7 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1972.
  • ืžื•ืงื“, ื’ื‘ืจื™ืืœ [ื’.ืž.]. ื”ืžืกืข ืœืื•ืจ ื›ืฉื“ื™ื. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 25โ€“28 (ืชืฉืœืดื’ 1973), ืขืžืณ 277โ€“278 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžื™ืชื™ : 96 ืžืกื•ืช, ืžืืžืจื™ื, ืจืฆื ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจึพื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื›ืฉื™ื• : ื›ืชื‘ : ืขืžื“ื”, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 125โ€“126> 
ืขืœ ืดื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ืืด
ืขืœ ืดืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ืืด (1979)
  • ื•ื™ื™ืœืจ, ื’ืจืฉื•ืŸ. ืขื™ืจ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ.  ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžืฉื, ื–ืณ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืดื, 25 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1980, ืขืžืณ 18.
ืขืœ ืดืกื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื•ืด ืขืœ ืดื ื™ื ื’ืœืด ืขืœ ืดื™ื•ื ื”ืจืคืื™ืืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ืฉื‘ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ื›ืœ.  ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื’ืณ ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉืžืดื•, 8 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1986.
  • ื‘ืจื–ืœ, ื”ืœืœ.  ืดื ื™ื ื’ืœืด ื•ืดื™ื•ื ื”ืจืคืื™ืืด โ€“ ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืžืืŸ ืื ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ืกื˜ื™.  ื‘ืฆืจื•ืŸ (ืกื“ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื”), ื›ืจืš ื˜ืณ, ื’ืœืณ 37โ€“38 (367โ€“368) (ื—ื•ืจืฃโ€“ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืชืฉืžืดื—, 1988), ืขืžืณ 40โ€“48.
  • ื‘ืจืชื ื, ืื•ืจืฆื™ื•ืŸ. ืฉื—ืจ ืฉื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ื™ืดื– ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉืžืดื•, 22 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1986, ืขืžืณ 24.
ืขืœ ืดื—ืœื•ื ืœื™ืœ ืชืžื•ื–ืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ื”ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืœื ื•ื›ืœ ืื’ืคื™ื•.  ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ื–ืณ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืžืดื˜, 13 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1989.
  • ื‘ืจืชื ื, ืื•ืจืฆื™ื•ืŸ. ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ: ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“, ืืจื•ื˜ื™ืงื”, ืงื‘ืœื”. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื–ืณ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืžืดื˜, 13 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1989, ืขืžืณ 20.
ืขืœ ืดืœื™ืœื•ืช ืœื•ื˜ืฆื™ื”ืด
  • ื‘ืจืชื ื, ืื•ืจืฆื™ื•ืŸ. ืฉื—ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื™ืดื˜ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื ืดื‘, 24 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1992, ืขืžืณ 21.
  • ื‘ืจืชื ื, ืื•ืจืฆื™ื•ืŸ. ืืžื ื•ืช โ€“ ืืžืŸ โ€“ ืืžื•ื ื” : ื”ืืจื•ืช ืœืœื™ืœื•ืช ืœื•ื˜ืฆื™ื”. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืกืดื•, ื’ืœืณ 3 (1992), ืขืžืณ 47โ€“50 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื : ืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘: ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, 1993), ืขืžืณ 109โ€“122>
  • ืฆื•ืงืจืžืŸ, ืืžื™ืจ. ืคืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื’ืœ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช. ื“ื‘ืจ, ืืณ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื‘ืณ ืชืฉื ืดื‘, 6 ื‘ืžืืจืก 1992, ืขืžืณ 25.
  • Yaron-Leconte, Iris.  Ekphrasis dans Les nuits de Lutรจce de David Shahar. Revue Europรฉenne des Etudes Hรฉbraรฏques, no. 19 (2017), pp. 57โ€“74.
ืขืœ ืดืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ืด
  • ื”ื•ืœืฆืžืŸ, ืื‘ื ืจ.  ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืฆื•ืฆื•ืช.  ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื”ืณ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื ืดื”, 6 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1995 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืžืคืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื : ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื›ื™ื•ื (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ : ืกืคืจื™ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืจื™ืื”, 2005), ืขืžืณ 139โ€“140>
  • ื›ืฅ, ืฉืจื”. ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื—ื” ืืช ืฉืžื• ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื™ื™ื•. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืกืดื˜, ื’ืœืณ 5 (1995), ืขืžืณ 46โ€“49.
  • ื›ืฅ, ืฉืจื”. ื”ื™ื›ืœ ืžืœื ืฉื‘ืจื™ ื ื™ืฆื•ืฆื•ืช ื’ื ื•ื–ื™ื. ื ืชื™ื‘, ืฉื ื” 3, ื’ืœืณ 50 (1996), ืขืžืณ 73โ€“77.
  • ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืœื”ื”. ื›ืฉื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื“ื™ืจื”: ื’ืœื’ื•ืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืงื‘ืœื™ ื‘ืจื•ืžื ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื–ืžื ื ื•: ืฉืดื™ ืขื’ื ื•ืŸ, ื™ืณ ื‘ืจึพื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื“ืณ ืฉื—ืจ. ืขืœื™ ืฉื™ื—, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 38 (1996), ืขืžืณ 27โ€“37 <ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ืจ ืดืขืœ ื”ื ืจ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ืด>
  • ืจื•ืŸ, ืžืฉื”. ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ืžืžืชื™ืŸ ืœื”ืืจื” ืคืจืฉื ื™ืช. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœืณ 114 (ื‘ืณ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉื ืดื”, 2 ื‘ืžืื™ 1995), ืขืžืณ 6.
ืขืœ ืดื™ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื–ื ืชืด ืขืœ ืดืืœ ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื™ืชื™ืืด
  • ื‘ืจืชื ื, ืื•ืจืฆื™ื•ืŸ. ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืกื•ืฃ. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืขืดื’, ื’ืœืณ 3 (1998), ืขืžืณ 5โ€“8 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืกื•ืฃ ืžืื” ื•ืกืฃ ืžืื” (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขืงื“ : ื”ืžื›ืœืœื” ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ, ืชืฉืกืดื 2001), ืขืžืณ 124โ€“133>
ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื:

OpenLibrary โ€“ OL143554A Wikidata โ€“ Q2348464 NLI โ€“ 987007268061905171 LC โ€“ n50002531 VIAF โ€“ 12315145
ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”: 17 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2025

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ

 

 

ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ

 

ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•

 

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื

 

 

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ