ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘. ื™ืคื” (1924โ€“2008)

 <ื‘ื”ื›ื ื”>

Abraham B. Yoffe

    ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘. ื™ืคื”, ืžืกืื™, ืžื‘ืงืจ ื•ืขื•ืจืš, ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืœืฆื™, ื‘ึถึผืกึถืจึทื‘ึผึฐื™ึธื”, ื‘ื–ืณ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื‘ืณ ืชืจืคืดื“, 13 ื‘ืžืืจืก 1924. ืขืœื” ืืจืฆื” ื‘-1940, ืœืžื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืคื” ื•ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ื”ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื‘ืฆื”ืดืœ. ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืžื—ื ื”, ื‘ืงื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืž-1950 ื”ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ ื•ืขื•ืจืš ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ ืฉืœื• (ืขื“ 1984). ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื—ืœืง ื ื›ื‘ื“ ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืคื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช. ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ืชื• ื‘ืจื•ืžื ื™ืช (1939โ€“1940), ื•ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉื ืช 1943, ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื“ืขื”, ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืจื“ื™ื• ื•ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ ืดื”ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืชืงื“ืžืชืด (ืœื™ืžื™ื ืดืฆื•ื•ืชืืด) ืขื ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืœื•ื ืกืงื™. ืกืคืจื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช (1951).
    ื›ืชื™ื‘ืชื• ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช, ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื•. ื›ื—ื‘ืจ ืžืคืดื ื”ื—ืœ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืดืกื•ืฆื™ืืœ-ืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืชืด, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ืจื‘ ืœื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉืžืืœ, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืœื•ื ืกืงื™ ื•ืœืื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’. ืกืคืจื™ื• ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืขืžื ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ืจื‘ืช-ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืœืฆื“ื, ื•ื”ื ืžืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืดืžืžื•ืืจื™ืืด ืขื ืžื—ืงืจ ืกืคืจื•ืชื™, ืžืขืžื“ื” ืฉืœ ืดืฆื•ืคื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืด. ื”ื ืžืกืคืจื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืœื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื•ืื•ื•ื™ืจืชื”.
    ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืกื•ืคืจื™ ืดื“ื•ืจ ื‘ืืจืฅืด, ืฉื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื“ืจื›ื ื ืชื ื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื• ืœื™ื•ื•ืชื” ืืช ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”, ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ืกื•ืคืจื™ ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื•ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื” (ืงื•ื‘ื ืจ, ืคืคื™ืจื ื), ื“ืจืš ืกื•ืคืจื™ ืฉืœื”ื™ ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื•ืจืืฉื™ืช ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื” (ืคืจื™ืฉืžืŸ, ื‘ืจื“ื™ืฆืณื‘ืกืงื™, ื‘ืจื ืจ), ื•ื”ืžืฉืš ื‘ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื“ื•ืจื• (ืฉืœื•ื ืกืงื™, ืœืื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’, ืืœืชืจืžืŸ, ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ื•ืจื•ื‘ื™ืฅ, ืจืคืืœ ืืœื™ืขื–). ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืกืคืจื™ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”ืžืื‘ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืดื—ื“ืฉืด ืœืดื™ืฉืŸืด ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืชื•ืš ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืฉืš. ืžืงื•ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืชื•ืคืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืขืœ ืชืจื•ืžืชื ืฉืœ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืžื ื™ื” ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืžื ื™ืช, ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืื ืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืจืฉื™ื ื•ืกืขืจ, ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจื•ืžื ื™ืช (1972), ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ืจื›ื™ื”, ื•ืžื—ืงืจื• ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช ื–ืจื™ื (1996).
    ืขื•ื“ ืžืกืคืจื™ื•: ืฆืืจืœื™ ืฆืณืืคืœื™ืŸ, ื—ื™ื™ื• ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• (1953); ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ (1974); ื—ื“ืฉ ืžื•ืœ ื™ืฉืŸ (1975); ื—ื•ืชื ืื™ืฉื™ (1984); ืœืื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ โ€“ ืชื•ื•ื™ ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจื” (1994).
    ืžื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืขืจืš: ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืืฉืœ: ืžืืžืจื™ ืฉืœื•ื ืกืงื™ (1960); ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืžื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ (1965); ื”ืื ืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืชืฉืดื— (1989). ืขืจืš ื‘ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ืžื‘ื•ืื•ืช ืืช ื›ืชื‘ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื, ื‘ื”ื ื™ืขืงื‘ ืคื™ื›ืžืŸ, ืฉืœืžื” ืฆืžื—, ื™ืขืงื‘ ืจื‘ื™ ื•ืฉืœืžื” ื˜ื ืื™. ืชื™ืจื’ื ืžืกืคืจื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืจื ื” ืœืืœื• ื•ืžื™ื›ืืœ ืกื‘ืกื˜ื™ืืŸ.
    ืžื”ืคืจืกื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ: ืคื™ื›ืžืŸ, ื˜ืœืคื™ืจ, ื‘ืจื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ืืงื•ืดื, ืคืจืก ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืฉื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื•ื™ ืืฉื›ื•ืœ (1996) ื•ืคืจืก ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืชืจื’ื•ืžื™ื (2000).
    ืืดื‘ ื™ืคื” ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ื™ืดื— ื‘ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืกืดื—, 21 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2008.

       

ื ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื ื•ืจื™ืช ื’ื•ื‘ืจื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช 
[ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื: ืงืจืกืœ, ืืจื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื’ืฆืœ ืงืจืกืœ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”] 

ืกืคืจื™ื•:

  • ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช : ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืกื•ืช (ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื” : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืืจืฆื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ, 1951)
  • ืฆืณืืจืœื™ ืฆืณืืคืœื™ืŸ : ื—ื™ื™ื• ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• (ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื” : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืืจืฆื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ, 1953) <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืขื™ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื˜ืดื•>
  • ื“ื• ืฉื™ื— ืฆืจืคืชื™ : ืื™ืฉื™ื ื•ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” (ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื” : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืืจืฆื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ, 1958)
  • ืขืœื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืœื“ื•ืจื™, 1960)
  • ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืืžื ื•ืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืœื“ื•ืจื™, ืชืฉื›ืดื”) <ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืืจื™ื” ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื”>
  • ื”ืžื™ื ื’ื•ื•ืื™ ื•ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื’ืณ ื’ืคื ื™, ืชืฉื›ืดื•)
  • ื. ืฉืœื•ื ืกืงื™ ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื•ื–ืžื ื• (ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื” : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ืชืฉื›ืดื– 1966)
  • ื‘ืœื–ืง ื•ืณื”ืงื•ืžื“ื™ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืชืณ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืณ ืžื–ืจื—ื™, ืชืฉืœืดื)
  • ืžื•ืœื™ื™ืจ ื•ืžื—ื–ื•ืชื™ื• (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืณ ืžื–ืจื—ื™, ืชืฉืœืดื)
  • ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ (ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื” ื•ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ืชืฉืœืดื’)
  • ื—ื“ืฉ ืžื•ืœ ื™ืฉืŸ : ืชืžืจื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช (ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ื“ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžืกื“ื”, 1975)
  • ื—ื•ืชื ืื™ืฉื™ : ืžืกื•ืช ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืžืดื“ 1984)
  • ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืขื ืœืื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืฆืณืจื™ืงื•ื‘ืจ, 1984)
  • ืœืื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ : ืชื•ื•ื™ ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจื” (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืจืฉืคื™ื, ืชืฉื ืดื“ 1994)
    ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื
  • ืฉืœืžื” ื˜ื ืื™ - ื“ื™ื•ืงืŸ ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจื” : ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืจืื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื•ืžื™ืกืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขืงื“, ืชืฉื ืดื“ 1994)
  • ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช ื–ืจื™ื : ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืžื ื™ื” 1880โ€“1940 (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืจื›ื– ื’ื•ืœื“ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ-ื’ื•ืจืŸ ืœืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืžื ื™ื” - ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืœื—ืงืจ ื”ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช - ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ืชืฉื ืดื• 1996)
ืขืจื™ื›ื”:
  • ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืžื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืื•ืจื ื”, ืชืฉื›ืดื”) <ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ืจื˜ื•ื ื•ื‘ ื•ื™ื•ื ื” ื›ืฅ> <ืดืืœื‘ื•ื ื–ื” ... ื‘ื ืœืฉืงืฃ ืืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืืžื ื•ืชื™ืช - ื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืืœื™ืช - ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœืด>
  • ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืžืกื•ืช / ืฉืœืžื” ืฆืžื— ; ืœื™ืงื˜ ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื - ืืดื‘ ื™ืคื” (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื•ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืชืฉื›ืดื•)
  • ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉื™ืจื™ื / ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืœื•ื ืกืงื™ ; ืœื™ืงื˜ ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื, ืืดื‘ ื™ืคื” (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื•ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืชืฉื›ืดื–)
  • ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช : ืžื‘ื—ืจ ื›ืชื‘ื™ื / ืžืดืž ืคื™ื™ื˜ืœืกื•ืŸ ; ื‘ื—ืจ ื•ื”ืงื“ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื ืืดื‘ ื™ืคื” (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ื“ ืžืกื“ื”, 1970) <ื”ืขื•ืจืš - ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ>
  • ืฉืจืฉื™ื ื•ืกืขืจ : ืื ืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจื•ืžื ื™ืช (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขืงื“, 1972) <ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืงืดื ื‘ืจืชื™ื ื™ ื•ื“ื•ืจื” ืœื™ื˜ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื˜ืื ื™>
  • ื”ืื•ืžืฅ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ : ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื˜ืขืžื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืชื ื• ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” / ืœืื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ืชืฉืœืดื•)
  • ืœืื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ - ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืžืืžืจื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื” / ืœื™ืงื˜ ื•ืฆื™ืจืฃ ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ืืดื‘ ื™ืคื” (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืดื)
  • ืขืฉืจื™ื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช : ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืงื˜ื ื” 1909โ€“1929 (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืงืจืŸ ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืœืืžื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, ืชืฉืดื 1980)
  • ืžื•ืฉื’ ื”ืฉื™ืจื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช : ืžืกื•ืช, ื“ื™ื•ืงื ืื•ืช, ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช / ื™ืขืงื‘ ืคื™ื›ืžืŸ ; ืขืจืš ื•ื”ืงื“ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื ืืดื‘ ื™ืคื” (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ื“ ืขืงื“, 1982)
  • ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืชืฉืดื— : ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืžืœื—ืžืช-ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืจืฉืคื™ื, 1989)
  • ืžื™ื ื—ืช ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืจื‘ื™ : ื‘ืžืœืื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืคื˜ื™ืจืชื• / ื.ื‘. ื™ืคื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื™ืคื” (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขืชื•ืŸ ื•ืกืคืจ, ืชืฉื ืดื 1991)
  • ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืจื•ืžื ื™ื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืžืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืฉื™ืจ - ืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืจื•ืžื ื™ื”, 1992โ€“1997) 4 ื›ืจืณ.
ืชืจื’ื•ื:
  • ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืžืจืืฉื™ืชื” ื•ืขื“ ื™ืžื™ื ื• / ืจืณ ืœืืœื• (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืžืณ ืžื–ืจื—ื™, 1965)
ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•:
ืขืœ ืดื. ืฉืœื•ื ืกืงื™, ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื•ื–ืžื ื•ืด
  • ื‘ืจ-ื ื™ืจ, ื“ื‘. ืดืคื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืกื•ืœืœ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœืด : ืขื ืกืคืจื• ืฉืœ ื.ื‘. ื™ืคื” ืขืœ ื. ืฉืœื•ื ืกืงื™ ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ, ื™ืดื“ ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉื›ืดื–, 28 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1966, ืขืžืณ 4.
  • ื•ื™ื–ืœื˜ื™ืจ, ืžืื™ืจ. ืžื’ืœื” ื˜ืคื—, ืžื›ืกื” ื˜ืคื—ื™ื™ื. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 17โ€“18 (ืงื™ืฅ ืชืฉื›ืดื•-ืกืชื™ื• ืชืฉื›ืดื–, 1966), ืขืžืณ 167โ€“170.
  • ืžื’ื“, ืื”ืจืŸ [ื.ืž.].  ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื: ืงืจื™ืช ืกืคืจ. ืžืฉื (ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ืœืณืœืžืจื—ื‘ืณ), ื’ืœืณ 47 (ื›ืดื— ื‘ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉื›ืดื–, 11 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1966), ืขืžืณ ื.
ืขืœ ืดื—ื“ืฉ ืžื•ืœ ื™ืฉืŸืด
ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื:

OpenLibrary โ€“ OL170001A Wikidata โ€“ Q12403278 J9U โ€“ 987007296829605171 NLI โ€“ 000281538 LC โ€“ n84023989 VIAF โ€“ 92256265
ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”: 27 ื‘ืžืื™ 2022

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ

 

 

ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ

 

ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•

 

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื

 

 

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ