Paganoite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Paganoite
Renato & Adriana Pagano
Formula:
NiBi(AsO4)O
Colour:
Orange-brown to deep-golden-brown
Lustre:
Adamantine
Hardness:
1 - 2
Specific Gravity:
6.715 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
The name honours Renato Pagano (24 September 1938, Catania, Italy - 10 March 2023, Milan, Italy) and Adriana (Paccagnella 1939-2020) Pagano for their long-standing service to the European mineralogical community.
Type Locality:
This page provides mineralogical data about Paganoite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
7104
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:7104:4
Similar Names
IMA Classification of Paganoite
Classification of Paganoite
8.BH.50
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
H : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 = 1:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
H : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 = 1:1
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Pgn | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Paganoite
Adamantine
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Orange-brown to deep-golden-brown
Streak:
Pale orange-brown
Hardness:
1 - 2 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
6.715 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Density could not be measured due to lack of material.
Optical Data of Paganoite
Type:
Biaxial
RI values:
nα = 2.07 nγ = 2.09
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.020
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v strong
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) | imR1 (%) | imR2 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 13.8% | 14.0% | 3.27% | 3.38% |
| 420nm | 13.35% | 13.6% | 3.09% | 3.24% |
| 440nm | 13.05% | 13.3% | 2.94% | 3.12% |
| 460nm | 12.9% | 13.2% | 2.88% | 3.02% |
| 470nm | 12.85% | 13.1% | 2.84% | 2.99% |
| 480nm | 12.75% | 13.0% | 2.80% | 2.95% |
| 500nm | 12.6% | 12.85% | 2.74% | 2.91% |
| 520nm | 12.5% | 12.7% | 2.69% | 2.88% |
| 540nm | 12.4% | 12.65% | 2.64% | 2.82% |
| 546nm | 12.35% | 12.6% | 2.63% | 2.80% |
| 560nm | 12.25% | 12.55% | 2.61% | 2.79% |
| 580nm | 12.2% | 12.5% | 2.58% | 2.78% |
| 589nm | 12.15% | 12.5% | 2.57% | 2.77% |
| 600nm | 12.1% | 12.45% | 2.56% | 2.76% |
| 620nm | 12.15% | 12.4% | 2.57% | 2.77% |
| 640nm | 12.1% | 12.4% | 2.54% | 2.74% |
| 650nm | 12.0% | 12.35% | 2.52% | 2.73% |
| 660nm | 12.0% | 12.3% | 2.50% | 2.72% |
| 680nm | 11.95% | 12.3% | 2.48% | 2.72% |
| 700nm | 11.95% | 12.35% | 2.48% | 2.73% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 14.0%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red, imR1 shown in green, imR2 shown in blue
Colour in reflected light:
Grey
Internal Reflections:
Dark-orange internal reflections with crossed polarizers
Chemistry of Paganoite
Mindat Formula:
NiBi(AsO4)O
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Paganoite
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.7127(8) Å, b = 6.8293(8) Å, c = 5.2345(6) Å
α = 107.625(2)°, β = 95.409(2)°, γ = 111.158(2)°
α = 107.625(2)°, β = 95.409(2)°, γ = 111.158(2)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.983 : 1 : 0.766
Unit Cell V:
207.62 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0006855 | Paganoite | Roberts A C, Burns P C, Gault R A, Criddle A J, Feinglos M N, Stirling J A R (2001) Paganoite, NiBiAsO5, a new mineral from Johanngeorgenstadt, Saxony, Germany: description and crystal structure European Journal of Mineralogy 13 167-175 | 2001 | Johanngeorgenstadt, Saxony, Germany | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.943 Å | (100) |
| 3.233 Å | (100) |
| 3.067 Å | (60) |
| 3.047 Å | (50) |
| 2.116 Å | (50) |
| 2.095 Å | (40) |
| 1.659 Å | (40) |
Comments:
Johanngeorgenstadt, Saxony, Germany. Data from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] | |
| 47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Paganoite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Prismatic subhedral to euhedral crystals average 0.3 mm in size, but may reach to 1 mm in maximum length.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Mineral Collection of Canada, Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, number NMCC 68083.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Paganoite
Other Language Names for Paganoite
Common Associates
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.BH. | Peterchinite | Zn3Zn2(OH)6As[O3(OH)3] |
| 8.BH. | Reznitskyite | CaMg(VO4)F |
| 8.BH. | Plumbogottlobite | PbMg(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH. | Cuprozheshengite | Pb4CuZn2(AsO4)2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH. | Zheshengite | Pb4ZnZn2(AsO4)2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH. | Crimsonite | PbFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.05 | Thadeuite | Ca(Mg,Fe2+)3(PO4)2(OH,F)2 |
| 8.BH.10 | Panasqueiraite | CaMg(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.10 | Isokite | CaMg(PO4)F |
| 8.BH.10 | Lacroixite | NaAl(PO4)F |
| 8.BH.10 | Arsenatrotitanite | NaTi(AsO4)O |
| 8.BH.10 | Maxwellite | NaFe3+(AsO4)F |
| 8.BH.10 | Durangite | NaAl(AsO4)F |
| 8.BH.10 | Kononovite | NaMg(SO4)F |
| 8.BH.15 | Drugmanite | Pb2Fe3+(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.20 | Nigelcookite | PbFe2+2V3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Plumbojohntomaite | PbFe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Cirrolite | Ca3Al2(PO4)3(OH)3 (?) |
| 8.BH.20 | Penikisite | Ba(Mg,Fe2+,Ca)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Perloffite | Ba(Mn2+,Fe2+)2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Bjarebyite Group | |
| 8.BH.20 | Strontioperloffite | SrMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Plumboperloffite | PbMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Johntomaite | BaFe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Bjarebyite | (Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.20 | Kulanite | Ba(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2(Al,Fe3+)2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 8.BH.25 | Bertossaite | Li2CaAl4(PO4)4(OH)4 |
| 8.BH.25 | Natropalermoite | Na2SrAl4(PO4)4(OH)4 |
| 8.BH.25 | Palermoite | Li2SrAl4(PO4)4(OH)4 |
| 8.BH.30 | Sewardite | CaFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.30 | Carminite | PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.35 | Adelite | CaMg(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Duftite | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Cobaltaustinite | CaCo(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Nickelaustinite | CaNi(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Gabrielsonite | PbFe3+(As3+O3)O |
| 8.BH.35 | Conichalcite | CaCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Arsendescloizite | PbZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | 'Duftite-alpha' | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Gottlobite | CaMg(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Austinite | CaZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Hermannroseite | CaCu(PO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.35 | Tangeite | CaCu(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.40 | Čechite | PbFe2+(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.40 | Khorixasite | (Bi0.67◻0.33)Cu(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.40 | Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.40 | Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.40 | Pyrobelonite | PbMn2+(VO4)(OH) |
| 8.BH.45 | Bayldonite | PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.45 | Vésigniéite | BaCu3(VO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.55 | Jagowerite | BaAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.BH.55 | Harrisonite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)6(PO4)2(SiO4)2 |
| 8.BH.60 | Attakolite | CaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4 |
| 8.BH.65 | Leningradite | PbCu3(VO4)2Cl |
| 8.BH.70 | Katiarsite | KTiO(AsO4) |
| 8.BH.70 | Yurgensonite | K2SnTiO2(AsO4)2 |
| 8.BH.75 | Melanarsite | K3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4 |
| 8.BH.80 | Evseevite | Na2Mg(AsO4)F |
| 8.BH.80 | Moraskoite | Na2Mg(PO4)F |
| 8.BH.85 | Piccoliite | NaCaMn3+2(AsO4)2O(OH) |
Fluorescence of Paganoite
none
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Paganoite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-7104.html
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References for Paganoite
Reference List:
Roberts, Andrew C., Burns, Peter C., Gault, Robert A., Criddle, Alan J., Feinglos, Mark N., Stirling, John A.R. (2001) Paganoite, NiBi3+As5+O5, a new mineral from Johanngeorgenstadt, Saxony, Germany: description and crystal structure. European Journal of Mineralogy, 13 (1) 167-175 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/01/0013-0167
Localities for Paganoite
Showing 2 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Germany (TL) | |
| Roberts et al. (2001) |
Romania | |
| HÎRTOPANU et al. (2025) |
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Johanngeorgenstadt, Erzgebirgskreis, Saxony, Germany