Rooseveltite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Rooseveltite
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Formula:
Bi(AsO4)
Colour:
White to pale gray, pale green, yellow
Lustre:
Adamantine
Hardness:
4 - 4½
Specific Gravity:
6.86 - 7.01
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in honor of Franklin Delano Roosevelt (30 January 1882, Hyde Park, New York, USA - 12 April 1945, Warm Springs, Georgia, USA), 32nd President of the United States of America.
Dimorph of:
This page provides mineralogical data about Rooseveltite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3444
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3444:5
IMA Classification of Rooseveltite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Bi3+As5+O4
First published:
1946
Type description reference:
Classification of Rooseveltite
8.AD.50
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
A : Phosphates, etc. without additional anions, without H2O
D : With only large cations
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
A : Phosphates, etc. without additional anions, without H2O
D : With only large cations
38.4.4.1
38 : ANHYDROUS NORMAL PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, AND VANADATES
4 : AXO4
38 : ANHYDROUS NORMAL PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, AND VANADATES
4 : AXO4
20.6.1
20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
6 : Arsenates of Bi
20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
6 : Arsenates of Bi
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Roo | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Rooseveltite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Rooseveltite
Adamantine
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
White to pale gray, pale green, yellow
Hardness:
4 - 4½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN25=513 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density:
6.86 - 7.01 g/cm3 (Measured) 7.21 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Rooseveltite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 2.09 nβ = 2.15 nγ = 2.27
2V:
Measured: 50° , Calculated: 62°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.180
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Anisotropism:
Very high indices of refraction.
Dispersion:
extreme
Chemistry of Rooseveltite
Mindat Formula:
Bi(AsO4)
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Rooseveltite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.879(1) Å, b = 7.159(1) Å, c = 6.732(1) Å
β = 104.83°
β = 104.83°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.961 : 1 : 0.94
Unit Cell V:
320.49 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Botryoidal crusts.
Comment:
On synthetic material
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
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Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0009764 | Rooseveltite | Bedlivy D, Mereiter K (1982) Structure of alpha-BiAsO4 (rooseveltite) Acta Crystallographica B38 1559-1561 |  | 1982 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.15 Å | (100) |
| 2.97 Å | (80) |
| 3.33 Å | (61) |
| 2.98 Å | (37) |
| 4.82 Å | (36) |
| 2.70 Å | (36) |
| 2.50 Å | (26) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] | |
| 47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Rooseveltite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Crystalline crust on wood tin veinlets.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 101938.
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, 115317.
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, 115317.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Veinlets in rhyolitic and dacitic lava flows.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Rooseveltite
Relationship of Rooseveltite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Monazite Supergroup:
| Cheralite | CaTh(PO4)2 | Mon. 2/m |
| Crocoite | PbCr6+O4 | Mon. 2/m |
| Gasparite Group | REE(AsO4) | |
| Huttonite | ThSiO4 | Mon. 2/m |
| Monazite Group | REE(PO4) |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 7 photos of Rooseveltite associated with Beudantite | PbFe3+3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| 6 photos of Rooseveltite associated with Carminite | PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 5 photos of Rooseveltite associated with Mixite | BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 3 photos of Rooseveltite associated with Zaïrite | BiFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| 3 photos of Rooseveltite associated with Fluorite | CaF2 |
| 2 photos of Rooseveltite associated with Bismoclite | BiOCl |
| 1 photo of Rooseveltite associated with Baryte | BaSO4 |
| 1 photo of Rooseveltite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 1 photo of Rooseveltite associated with Lillianite | Pb3-2xAgxBi2+xS6 |
| 1 photo of Rooseveltite associated with Native Gold | Au |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.AD. | 'Unnamed (Monoclinic polymorph of ximengite)' | Bi(PO4) |
| 8.AD. | Keplerite | Ca9(Ca0.5◻0.5)Mg(PO4)7 |
| 8.AD. | Mazorite | Ba3(PO4)2 |
| 8.AD. | Deynekoite | Ca9◻Fe3+(PO4)7 |
| 8.AD. | Monazite-(Gd) | Gd(PO4) |
| 8.AD.05 | Nahpoite | Na2(PO3OH) |
| 8.AD.10 | Weilite | Ca(HAsO4) |
| 8.AD.10 | Švenekite | Ca(H2AsO4)2 |
| 8.AD.10 | Monetite | Ca(PO3OH) |
| 8.AD.15 | Archerite | (K,NH4)(H2PO4) |
| 8.AD.15 | Biphosphammite | NH4(H2PO4) |
| 8.AD.20 | Phosphammite | (NH4)2(PO3OH) |
| 8.AD.25 | Buchwaldite | NaCa(PO4) |
| 8.AD.30 | Schulténite | Pb(HAsO4) |
| 8.AD.35 | Dreyerite | Bi(VO4) |
| 8.AD.35 | Wakefieldite-(La) | La(VO4) |
| 8.AD.35 | Anningite-(Ce) | (Ca0.5Ce4+0.5)(VO4) |
| 8.AD.35 | Pretulite | Sc(PO4) |
| 8.AD.35 | Wakefieldite-(Ce) | Ce(VO4) |
| 8.AD.35 | Wakefieldite-(Y) | Y(VO4) |
| 8.AD.35 | Xenotime-(Yb) | Yb(PO4) |
| 8.AD.35 | 'Chernovite-(Ce)' | (Ce,Y)(AsO4) |
| 8.AD.35 | Xenotime-(Gd) | Gd(PO4) |
| 8.AD.35 | Chernovite-(Y) | Y(AsO4) |
| 8.AD.35 | Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| 8.AD.35 | Wakefieldite-(Nd) | Nd(VO4) |
| 8.AD.40 | Pucherite | Bi(VO4) |
| 8.AD.45 | Ximengite | Bi(PO4) |
| 8.AD.50 | 'UM2005-35-VO:CaFePSiTh' | (Th,Ca)(VO4,SiO4,PO4) |
| 8.AD.50 | Gasparite-(Ce) | Ce(AsO4) |
| 8.AD.50 | Monazite-(Sm) | Sm(PO4) |
| 8.AD.50 | Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| 8.AD.50 | Monazite-(La) | La(PO4) |
| 8.AD.50 | Monazite-(Nd) | Nd(PO4) |
| 8.AD.50 | Gasparite-(La) | La(AsO4) |
| 8.AD.50 | Cheralite | CaTh(PO4)2 |
| 8.AD.55 | Tetrarooseveltite | Bi(AsO4) |
| 8.AD.60 | Chursinite | [Hg2]2+Hg2+2[AsO4]2 |
| 8.AD.65 | Clinobisvanite | Bi(VO4) |
| 8.AD.70 | Gurimite | Ba3(VO4)2 |
| 8.AD.75 | Picaite | NaCa[AsO3OH][AsO2(OH)2] |
Other Information
Notes:
Soluble in acids.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Rooseveltite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3444.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Rooseveltite
Localities for Rooseveltite
Showing 54 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Bedlivy et al. (1972) +1 other reference |
| Bedlivy et al. (1972) +3 other references | |
Australia | |
| Rankin et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
Bolivia (TL) | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Joy Desor analyses by Raman and SEM-EDS. |
Czech Republic | |
| Jan Hloušek |
| Sejkora et al. (2006) |
| Šrein (2008) |
| Sejkora et al. (2019) |
| Sejkora (1994) +1 other reference |
France | |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Harlaux et al. (2015, August) |
| Lheur (2023) |
| Patrice Queneau Collection. Visual ... |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| |
| |
| Walenta (1992) | |
| |
| Walenta (1992) |
| [European Journal of Mineralogy ... +1 other reference |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) |
Greece | |
| Solomos et al. (2004) |
| Rieck et al. (2018) | |
Iran | |
| Nezafatis (2006) |
| Nezafatis (2006) | |
| Nezafatis (2006) | |
Italy | |
| Gentile et al. (2023) |
| Caboni et al. (2018) |
| Sabelli (2000) | |
Malaysia | |
| Kiong et al. (2004) |
Portugal | |
| Antunes et al. (2010) |
| Alves (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Leal Gomes | |
| Cepedal et al. (2013) |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| Alves (2017) |
Russia | |
| Kurguzova et al. (2014) +1 other reference |
| Alekseev et al. (2015) |
| E. Kaigorodova analytical data |
| Sidorov +6 other references |
| Tolstykh et al. (2017) +1 other reference | |
| Krinov D.I. et al. (2011) |
| Eremin et al. (2023) |
Spain | |
| Rewitzer et al. (2016) +1 other reference |
| Rewitzer et al. (2018) |
| CARMONA RUIZ et al. (2025) |
| Schnorrer (2000) |
| Ko Jansen collection |
| Calvo (2015) |
UK | |
| Rumsey (2007) |
USA | |
| Kampf et al. (2018) |
| collected by and in the collection of ... |
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Codeceira Mine, Vale das Gatas Mines, Sabrosa, Vila Real, Portugal