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Titanomaghemite

A valid IMA mineral species
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02256530017272471091806.jpg
Titanomaghemite

Michelsberg Quarry, Katzenbuckel, Waldkatzenbach, Waldbrunn, Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis, Karlsruhe Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
06977290017671055935123.jpg
Titanomaghemite

Michelsberg Quarry, Katzenbuckel, Waldkatzenbach, Waldbrunn, Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis, Karlsruhe Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
09255990017272471115557.jpg
Titanomaghemite, etc.

Michelsberg Quarry, Katzenbuckel, Waldkatzenbach, Waldbrunn, Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis, Karlsruhe Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
02256530017272471091806.jpg
Titanomaghemite

Michelsberg Quarry, Katzenbuckel, Waldkatzenbach, Waldbrunn, Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis, Karlsruhe Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
00966620017645968353923.jpg
Titanomaghemite

Michelsberg Quarry, Katzenbuckel, Waldkatzenbach, Waldbrunn, Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis, Karlsruhe Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
09255990017272471115557.jpg
Titanomaghemite, etc.

Michelsberg Quarry, Katzenbuckel, Waldkatzenbach, Waldbrunn, Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis, Karlsruhe Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
02256530017272471091806.jpg
Titanomaghemite

Michelsberg Quarry, Katzenbuckel, Waldkatzenbach, Waldbrunn, Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis, Karlsruhe Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
06977290017671055935123.jpg
Titanomaghemite

Michelsberg Quarry, Katzenbuckel, Waldkatzenbach, Waldbrunn, Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis, Karlsruhe Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
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About TitanomaghemiteHide

Formula:
(Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4
Crystal System:
Isometric
Name:
In allusion to its titanium content and relationship to maghemite.
May form by natural oxidation of original titanomagneite.


Occurs as inclusions in hematite in sea-floor basalt (Mid-Atlantic Ridge).
Also as grains in a doleritic intrusion in an area of Precambrian gneiss in Minas Gerais, Brazil; the grains host exsolution lamellae of ilmenite parallel to {111} (Allan et al., 1989).


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
29152
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:29152:9

IMA Classification of TitanomaghemiteHide

IMA status:
Approved
IMA status notes:
Redefined by the IMA
IMA Formula:
(Ti0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4
Approval history:
Grandfathered (first described prior to 1959).
Marked as a questionable mineral in IMA list of Minerals as Fe(Fe,Ti)2O4.
2018: Redefined by IMA as (Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe2O4 (Bosi et al., 2019).

Classification of TitanomaghemiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
4.BB.15

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
TmghIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Pronunciation of TitanomaghemiteHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Chemistry of TitanomaghemiteHide

Mindat Formula:
(Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Fe55.951 %
O32.060 %
Ti11.990 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Fe, O, Ti - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of TitanomaghemiteHide

Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
432 - Gyroidal
Space Group:
P4332
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.348(3) Å
Unit Cell V:
581.76 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0001136TitanomaghemiteCollyer S, Grimes N W, Vaughan D J, Longworth G (1988) Studies of the crystal structure and crystal chemistry of titanomaghemite American Mineralogist 73 153-1601988Pretoria, South Africa0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals]

Type Occurrence of TitanomaghemiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Pretoria, City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, Gauteng, South Africa
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Natural History Museum, London, UK, specimen BM1929,1687, is considered as the neotype (Bosi et al. 2019)

Other Language Names for TitanomaghemiteHide

Relationship of Titanomaghemite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Spinel Subgroup > Oxyspinel Group > Spinel Supergroup
Other Members of Spinel Subgroup:
ChihmingiteNiAl2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
ChromiteFe2+Cr3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
CochromiteCoCr2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
CoulsoniteFe2+V3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
CuprospinelCu2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
DellagiustaiteV2+Al2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
Deltalumite(Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4Tet. 42m : P4m2
FrankliniteZn2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
GahniteZnAl2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
GalaxiteMn2+Al2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
GuiteCo2+Co3+2O4Iso.
HausmanniteMn2+Mn3+2O4Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I41/amd
HercyniteFe2+Al2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
HetaeroliteZnMn2O4Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I41/amd
JacobsiteMn2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
'Jacobsite-Q'Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn3+)2O4Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I41/amd
Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4Iso. 432 : P4132
MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
MagnesiocoulsoniteMgV2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m)
MagnesioferriteMgFe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
MagnetiteFe2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
ManganochromiteMn2+Cr2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
'Nichromite'(Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
SpinelMgAl2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
ThermaerogeniteCuAl2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
TrevoriteNi2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
'UM1994-06-O:AlCo'CoAl2O4
VuorelaineniteMn2+V3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
ZincochromiteZnCr2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
1 photo of Titanomaghemite associated with FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

4.BB.ChenmingiteFeCr2O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.ThermaerogeniteCuAl2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.ChukocheniteLiAl5O8Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Imma
4.BB.Elgoresyite(Mg5Si2)O9Mon. 2/m : B2/m
4.BB.JianmuiteZrTi4+Ti3+5Al3O16Tet. 4 : I4
4.BB.DellagiustaiteV2+Al2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.GarpenbergiteMn6◻AsSbO10(OH)2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.BB.MagnéliiteTi3+2Ti4+2O7Tric. 1 : P1
4.BB.05Qandilite(Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05ChromiteFe2+Cr3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05Filipstadite(Fe3+0.5Sb5+0.5)Mn2O4Iso.
4.BB.05JacobsiteMn2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05WernerkrauseiteCa(Fe3+,Mn3+)2Mn4+O6Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.05HarmuniteCaFe2O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbcm
4.BB.05ZincochromiteZnCr2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05Deltalumite(Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4Tet. 42m : P4m2
4.BB.05FrankliniteZn2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05CochromiteCoCr2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05'Nichromite'(Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05HercyniteFe2+Al2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05GahniteZnAl2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05GalaxiteMn2+Al2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05GuiteCo2+Co3+2O4Iso.
4.BB.05CoulsoniteFe2+V3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05VuorelaineniteMn2+V3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05SpinelMgAl2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05CuprospinelCu2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05ManganochromiteMn2+Cr2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05MagnesiocoulsoniteMgV2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m)
4.BB.05TrevoriteNi2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05MagnesioferriteMgFe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05MagnetiteFe2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05UlvöspinelTiFe2+2O4Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.10HausmanniteMn2+Mn3+2O4Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I41/amd
4.BB.10HetaeroliteZnMn2O4Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I41/amd
4.BB.10Manganostibite(Mn,Fe)7SbAsO12Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.BB.15Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4Iso. 432 : P4132
4.BB.20Tegengrenite(Mn3+0.5Sb5+0.5)Mg2O4Trig. 3 : R3
4.BB.25XieiteFe2+Cr2O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
4.BB.30CarmeltaziteZrAl2Ti4O11Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.35FeiiteFe2+2(Fe2+Ti4+)O5Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
4.BB.40MaohokiteMgFe2O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.45Tschaunerite (Fe2+)(Fe2+Ti4+)O4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for TitanomaghemiteHide

References for TitanomaghemiteHide

Localities for TitanomaghemiteHide

Showing 10 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Atlantic Ocean
 
Bernard et al. (2004)
Brazil
 
  • Minas Gerais
Allan et al. (1989)
Czech Republic
 
  • Moravian-Silesian Region
    • Frýdek-Místek District
      • Brušperk
Matýsek et al. (2025)
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Karlsruhe Region
      • Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis
        • Waldbrunn
          • Waldkatzenbach
            • Katzenbuckel
Collection of Volker Betz
India
 
  • Andhra Pradesh
    • Prakasam District
Chakrapani Naidu et al. (1965)
Iran
 
  • Yazd Province
    • Abarkuh County
Rasti et al. (2026)
Poland
 
  • Silesian Voivodeship
    • Cieszyn County
      • Cieszyn
Harańczyk C. (Polish Carpathians)
Portugal
 
  • Beja
    • Almodôvar
      • Santa Cruz
Oliveira et al. (2025)
Sierra Leone
 
  • Eastern Province
    • Kono District
Haggerty et al. (1990)
South Africa (TL)
 
  • Gauteng
    • City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality
Collyer et al. (1988) +1 other reference
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