Chihmingite
A valid IMA mineral species - pending publication
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
Formula:
NiAl2O4
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
The Al analogue of nichromite (Cr-dominant) and trevorite (Fe3+-dominant). The most simple mineral in the Ni-Al-O system yet described.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
56040
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:56040:1
IMA Classification of Chihmingite
Classification of Chihmingite
4.BA.
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
A : With small and medium-sized cations
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
A : With small and medium-sized cations
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Cim | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Chemistry of Chihmingite
Mindat Formula:
NiAl2O4
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Chihmingite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m(4/m32/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:
Fd3m
Setting:
Fd3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.059(5) Å
Unit Cell V:
523.41 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.646 Å | (m) |
| 2.848 Å | (m) |
| 2.434 Å | (s) |
| 2.022 Å | (vs) |
| 1.554 Å | (s) |
| 1.424 Å | (vs) |
| 1.162 Å | (s) |
Type Occurrence of Chihmingite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural Science, No. 1, Guanqian Rd., North Dist., Taichung City 404605, Taiwan, catalogue number NMNS-P023511
Synonyms of Chihmingite
Other Language Names for Chihmingite
Dutch:Chihmingiet
German:Chihmingit
Relationship of Chihmingite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Spinel Subgroup:
| Chromite | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Cochromite | CoCr2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Coulsonite | Fe2+V3+2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Cuprospinel | Cu2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Dellagiustaite | V2+Al2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Deltalumite | (Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4 | Tet. 42m : P4m2 |
| Franklinite | Zn2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Gahnite | ZnAl2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Galaxite | Mn2+Al2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Guite | Co2+Co3+2O4 | Iso. |
| Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn3+2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I41/amd |
| Hercynite | Fe2+Al2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I41/amd |
| Jacobsite | Mn2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| 'Jacobsite-Q' | Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn3+)2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I41/amd |
| Maghemite | (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4 | Iso. 432 : P4132 |
| Magnesiochromite | MgCr2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Magnesiocoulsonite | MgV2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) |
| Magnesioferrite | MgFe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Manganochromite | Mn2+Cr2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| 'Nichromite' | (Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Spinel | MgAl2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Thermaerogenite | CuAl2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Titanomaghemite | (Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4 | Iso. 432 : P4332 |
| Trevorite | Ni2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| 'UM1994-06-O:AlCo' | CoAl2O4 | |
| Vuorelainenite | Mn2+V3+2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
| Zincochromite | ZnCr2O4 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fd3m |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.BA.05 | Chrysoberyl | BeAl2O4 |
| 4.BA.05 | Mariinskite | BeCr2O4 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Chihmingite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-56040.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Chihmingite
Reference List:
Milligan, W. O.; Merten, L. (1946) X-ray Diffraction Studies in the System NiO–Al2O3. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 50 (6). 465-470 doi:10.1021/j150450a003
Schmalzried, H. (1960) Temperaturabhängigkeit der Kationenverteilung im Spinell NiAl2O4. Die Naturwissenschaften, 47 (20). 466-467 doi:10.1007/bf00638282
PETTIT, F. S., RANDKLEV, E. H., FELTEN, E. J. (1966) Formation of NiAl2O4 by Solid State Reaction. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 49 (4). 199-203 doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1966.tb13233.x
Datta, R. K., Roy, Rustum (1968) Order-disorder in MgAl2O4. The systems: MgAl2O4-LiAl5O8, MgAl2O4-NiCr2O4, MgAl2O4-NiAl2O4, and NiAl2O4-ZnAl2O4. American Mineralogist, 53 (9-10) 1456-1475
COOLEY, RICHARD F., REED, JAMES S. (1972) Equilibrium Cation Distribution in NiAl2O4, CuAl2O4, and ZnAl2O4 Spinels. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 55 (8). 395-398 doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1972.tb11320.x
NAVROTSKY, A. (1973) Discussion of “Equilibrium Cation Distribution in NiAl2O4, CuAl2O4, and ZnAl2O4 Spinels”. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 56 (2). 106-107 doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1973.tb12372.x-i1
Ma, Che-Bao (1974) New orthorhombic phases on the join NiAl2O4 (spinel analog)-Ni2SiO4 (olivine analog): Stability and implications to mantle mineralogy. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 45 (4) 257-279 doi:10.1007/bf00371747
Porta, P., Stone, F.S., Turner, R.G. (1974) The distribution of nickel ions among octahedral and tetrahedral sites in NiAl2O4-MgAl2O4 solid solutions. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 11. 135-147 doi:10.1016/0022-4596(74)90108-x
Macák, J., Koutský, B. (1976) Effect of admixtures on the formation of NiAl2O4 in a solid-state reaction. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications, 41. 687-694 doi:10.1135/cccc19760687
Jacob, K.T.; Alcock, C.B. (1977) Activities and their relation to cation distribution in NiAl2O4-MgAl2O4 spinel solid solutions. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 20 (1). 79-88 doi:10.1016/0022-4596(77)90053-6
Zhizheiko, I.A., Khaimov-Mal'Kov, V.Ya. (1981) Solid-phase formation and decomposition of NiAl2O4 Spinel inclusions in corundum. Journal of Crystal Growth, 52. 887-888 doi:10.1016/0022-0248(81)90394-8
O'Neill, Hugh St. C., Navrotsky, Alexandra (1983) Simple spinels: crystallographic parameters, cation radii, lattice energies, and cation distribution. American Mineralogist, 68 (1-2) 181-194
O'Neill, H. St. C., Dollase, W. A., Ross, C. R. (1991) Temperature dependence of the cation distribution in nickel aluminate (NiAl2O4) spinel: a powder XRD study. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 18 (5) 302-319 doi:10.1007/bf00200188
Roelofsen, Jeanette N., Peterson, Ronald C., Raudsepp, Mati (1992) Structural variation in nickel aluminate spinel (NiAl2O4) American Mineralogist, 77 (5-6) 522-528
Timucin, Muharrem; Muan, Arnulf (1992) Activity-Composition Relations in NiAl2O4-MnAl2O4 Solid Solutions and Stabilities of NiAl2O4 and MnAl2O4 at 1300° and 1400°C. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 75 (6). 1399-1406 doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1992.tb04200.x
Bäckermann, J., Becker, K. D. (1998) The Mechanism of Cation Equilibration in Nickel Aluminate Spinel, NiAl2O4. Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, 206. 31-47 doi:10.1524/zpch.1998.206.part_1_2.031
Ustundag, E., Clausen, B., Bourke, M. A. M. (2000) Neutron diffraction study of the reduction of NiAl2O4. Applied Physics Letters, 76 (6). 694-696 doi:10.1063/1.125864
Ribeiro, M.A., de Melo Costa, Ana Cristina Figueiredo, Lira, Hélio Lucena, de Oliveira, J.B.L., Kiminami, Ruth Herta Goldsmith Aliaga, Gama, Lucianna (2005) Preparation and Characterization of NiAl2O4 Powder by the Pechini and Combustion Methods. Materials Science Forum, 498. 722-727 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.498-499.722
Lilova, K. I., Shih, K., Pao, C.-W., Lee, J.-F., Navrotsky, A. (2012) Thermodynamics of NiAl2O4-NiFe2O4 Spinel Solid Solutions. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 95 (1). 423-430 doi:10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04941.x
Fernández Arguijo, B., Contreras Briseño, A., Gutiérrez Castañeda, E.J., Almanza Robles, J.M. (2019) Effect of Fe2O3, V2O5 and vanadium slag on the corrosion of NiAl2O4 spinel. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 234. 288-295 doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.06.011
Localities for Chihmingite
Showing 2 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Greece | |
| Uwe Kolitsch SEM-EDS analyses (to be published) |
Norway (TL) | |
| Miyawaki et al. (2022) |
