Vote for your favorite mineral in #MinCup26! - Monazite-(Ce) vs. Andalusite
It's a showdown with rare earth elemental ore Monazite-(Ce) and index mineral Andalusite.
Log InRegister
Quick Links : The Mindat ManualThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMindat Newsletter [Free Download]
Home PageAbout MindatThe Mindat ManualHistory of MindatCopyright StatusWho We AreContact UsAdvertise on Mindat
Donate to MindatCorporate SponsorshipSponsor a PageSponsored PagesMindat AdvertisersAdvertise on Mindat
Learning CenterWhat is a mineral?The most common minerals on earthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesThe ElementsThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryGeologic TimeExplore Fossils
Minerals by PropertiesMinerals by ChemistryMineral Visual ExplorerAdvanced Locality SearchRandom MineralRandom LocalitySearch by minIDLocalities Near MeSearch ArticlesSearch GlossaryMore Search Options
Search For:
Mineral Name:
Locality Name:
Keyword(s):
 
The Mindat ManualAdd a New PhotoRate PhotosLocality Edit ReportCoordinate Completion ReportAdd Glossary Item
Mining CompaniesStatisticsUsersMineral MuseumsClubs & OrganizationsMineral Shows & EventsThe Mindat DirectoryDevice SettingsThe Mineral QuizTime Machine
Photo SearchPhoto GalleriesSearch by ColorPhoto Colour ExplorerNew Photos TodayNew Photos YesterdayMembers' Photo GalleriesPast Photo of the Day GalleryPhotography

Laodonggou Mine, Ejin Banner (Ejina Co.), Alxa League (Alashan Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, Chinai
Regional Level Types
Laodonggou MineMine
Ejin Banner (Ejina Co.)County
Alxa League (Alashan Prefecture)Prefecture
Inner MongoliaAutonomous Region
ChinaCountry

This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
PhotosMapsSearch
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
41° 4' 46'' North , 99° 56' 49'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Köppen climate type:
Mindat Locality ID:
228387
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:228387:9
GUID (UUID V4):
0
Name(s) in local language(s):
老硐沟金矿, 额济纳旗, 阿拉善盟, 内蒙古自治区, 中国


Oxidized-leaching type gold deposit, consisting of pervasively oxidized gold-bearing polymetallic sulfide veins in fracture zones of a dolomite marble around diorite porphyry dykes. The oxidation zone extends to great depths and the ore mainly consists of secondary arsenate minerals containing visible gold and silver. Except for residual galena, the primary sulfide minerals only occur in microscopic quantities.

Gold resources of 6.76 tons with an average grade of 5.83 g/t, as well as 68,747 tons of silver, 12,216 tons of lead, 11,424 tons of copper, and 15,120 tons of arsenic. The Laodonggou deposit hosts various ore types, including hydrothermal vein-type ore bodies, skarn-type ore bodies, and “karst cave-type” oxidized ore bodies. The mineralization process is complex, having undergone multiple stages of skarn and middle-low temperature hydrothermal mineralization. The skarn mineralization stage is particularly important, with garnet being the most significant alteration mineral.
The ore body Ⅰ is mainly controlled by the X-shaped faults assemblage formed by the intersection of nearly EW and NW faults. Ore body Ⅱ is controlled by the Y-shaped fault assemblage consisting of NWW and NW faults. The nearly EW faults influence the distribution of the skarn and ore body Ⅲ. Ore body Ⅳ is mainly constrained by NWW faults, while NW faults dictate the occurrence of ore body Ⅴ. The largest ore body extends up to 400 m in length, with thicknesses ranging from 0.65 to 15.54 m and Au grades of 0.38–31.40 g/t, occurring at elevations between 996 and 1311 m. Based on associated minerals, the ore bodies are classified into gold–silver–lead and gold–silver–copper types. For example, ore body I-1 has Au grades of 0.51–12.85 g/t, Ag grades of 44.55–70.38 g/t, and Pb grades of 0.51–4.89 %. Ore body III-1 contains Au grades of 0.55–3.98 g/t, with Ag grades of 2.12–9.94 g/t and Cu grades of 0.10–0.47 %. Ore body IV-1 has Au grades of 0.72–3.53 g/t and Pb grades of 0.61–2.14 %.
1. Prograde skarn stage: Dominated by garnet, diopside, and tremolite
2. Retrograde skarn stage: Characterized by magnetite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, and bornite, along with gangue minerals such as epidote, chlorite, serpentine, quartz, and calcite. Alteration types include skarnification, sericitization, and serpentinization
3. Hydrothermal quartz–sulfide stage: Composed mainly of pyrite, galena, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, and quartz
4. Hydrothermal quartz–sulfide–carbonate stage: Dominated by pyrite, galena, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, quartz, and calcite
5. Surficial oxidation stage: Affects mineral bodies within 200–300 m below the surface, leading to varying degrees of oxidation. This stage results in the formation of secondary minerals such as hematite, limonite, jarosite, azurite, malachite, and various arsenate minerals, including olivenite, lead arsenate, zinc arsenate, and hydroxyl-borneite.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


38 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

Acanthite
Formula: Ag2S
Adamite
Formula: Zn2(AsO4)(OH)
Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Arseniosiderite
Formula: Ca2Fe3+3(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
Austinite
Formula: CaZn(AsO4)(OH)
Azurite
Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Beudantite
Formula: PbFe3+3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Chlorargyrite
Formula: AgCl
'Chlorite Group'
Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
Galena
Formula: PbS
Goethite
Formula: Fe3+O(OH)
Gold
Formula: Au
Grossular
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
'K Feldspar'
'Limonite'
Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Mimetite
Formula: Pb5(AsO4)3Cl
Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Olivenite
Formula: Cu2(AsO4)(OH)
Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Scorodite
Formula: Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
Silver
Formula: Ag
Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Stibnite
Formula: Sb2S3
Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Tremolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
Gold1.AA.05Au
Silver1.AA.05Ag
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
Bornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
Acanthite2.BA.35Ag2S
Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
Galena2.CD.10PbS
Stibnite2.DB.05Sb2S3
Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Arsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
Group 3 - Halides
Chlorargyrite3.AA.15AgCl
Fluorite3.AB.25CaF2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
Goethite4.00.Fe3+O(OH)
Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
Opal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
Dolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
Azurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Malachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
Jarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
Adamite8.BB.30Zn2(AsO4)(OH)
Olivenite8.BB.30Cu2(AsO4)(OH)
Austinite8.BH.35CaZn(AsO4)(OH)
Beudantite8.BL.05PbFe3+3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Mimetite8.BN.05Pb5(AsO4)3Cl
Scorodite8.CD.10Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Arseniosiderite8.DH.30Ca2Fe3+3(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
Andradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Grossular9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Titanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
Epidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Diopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
Tremolite9.DE.10◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Muscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
var. Sericite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Unclassified
'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
'Chlorite Group'-
'Limonite'-
'Tourmaline'-AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
'K Feldspar'-
'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
H AdamiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)
H ArseniosideriteCa2Fe33+(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O
H AustiniteCaZn(AsO4)(OH)
H AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
H BeudantitePbFe33+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
H BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
H Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
H GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
H JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
H KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
H MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
H MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H OliveniteCu2(AsO4)(OH)
H OpalSiO2 · nH2O
H ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
H Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
H Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
H ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
BBoron
B TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
CCarbon
C AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
C CalciteCaCO3
C DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
C MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
OOxygen
O AdamiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)
O AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
O ArseniosideriteCa2Fe33+(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O
O AustiniteCaZn(AsO4)(OH)
O AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
O BaryteBaSO4
O BeudantitePbFe33+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
O BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
O CalciteCaCO3
O DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
O DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
O Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
O GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
O HematiteFe2O3
O JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
O KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
O MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
O MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
O MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
O MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O OliveniteCu2(AsO4)(OH)
O OpalSiO2 · nH2O
O QuartzSiO2
O ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
O TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
O TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
O Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
O Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
O Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
O ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
FFluorine
F BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
F FluoriteCaF2
F ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Na Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mg BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mg DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mg DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mg Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
AlAluminium
Al BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Al Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Al GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Al KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Al MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Si AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Si BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Si DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Si Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Si KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Si QuartzSiO2
Si TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Si Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Si Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Si Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
PPhosphorus
P ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
S AcanthiteAg2S
S ArsenopyriteFeAsS
S BaryteBaSO4
S BeudantitePbFe33+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
S BorniteCu5FeS4
S ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
S GalenaPbS
S JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
S PyriteFeS2
S SphaleriteZnS
S StibniteSb2S3
ClChlorine
Cl ChlorargyriteAgCl
Cl MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
Cl ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
K BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
K JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
K MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Ca AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Ca ArseniosideriteCa2Fe33+(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Ca AustiniteCaZn(AsO4)(OH)
Ca CalciteCaCO3
Ca DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Ca DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Ca Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ca FluoriteCaF2
Ca GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Ca TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Ca Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Ca Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Ca ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
TiTitanium
Ti BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Ti TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
FeIron
Fe AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Fe ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Fe ArseniosideriteCa2Fe33+(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Fe BeudantitePbFe33+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Fe BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fe BorniteCu5FeS4
Fe ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Fe Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Fe GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Fe HematiteFe2O3
Fe JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Fe MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Fe PyriteFeS2
Fe ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
CuCopper
Cu AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cu BorniteCu5FeS4
Cu ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cu MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cu OliveniteCu2(AsO4)(OH)
ZnZinc
Zn AdamiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)
Zn AustiniteCaZn(AsO4)(OH)
Zn SphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
As AdamiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)
As ArsenopyriteFeAsS
As ArseniosideriteCa2Fe33+(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O
As AustiniteCaZn(AsO4)(OH)
As BeudantitePbFe33+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
As MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
As OliveniteCu2(AsO4)(OH)
As ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
AgSilver
Ag AcanthiteAg2S
Ag ChlorargyriteAgCl
Ag SilverAg
SbAntimony
Sb StibniteSb2S3
BaBarium
Ba BaryteBaSO4
AuGold
Au GoldAu
PbLead
Pb BeudantitePbFe33+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Pb GalenaPbS
Pb MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AsiaContinent
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

 
and/or  
Mindat.org® is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Mindat® and mindat.org® are registered trademarks of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2026, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau.
Content on this site may not be used to train, fine-tune, or otherwise develop artificial intelligence or machine learning models without prior written permission - see our Terms & Conditions.
To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: September 7, 2026 09:56:23 Page updated: August 4, 2025 16:39:30
Go to top of page