ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ(1926โ€“2024)

 <ื‘ื”ื›ื ื”>

Sami Michael

    ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ, ืกื•ืคืจ, ื ื•ืœื“  ื‘ื”ืณ ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืจืคืดื•, 15 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1926 ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“, ื‘ืฉื ืกืืœื— ืžื ืฉื”. ื‘ึพ1945 ืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืดืฉืžืฉืด ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“. ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืŸ ื—ืžืฉึพืขืฉืจื” ื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืžื—ืชืจืช ื”ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืขื™ืจืืง ื•ืคืขืœ ื ื’ื“ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจ ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื. ืœืžื“ ืฉื ื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“, ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื—ืชืจืช. ื‘ึพ1948, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ืฆื ื ื’ื“ื• ืฆื• ืžืขืฆืจ, ื‘ืจื— ืœืื™ืจืืŸ ื•ืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ืฉืžื•. ืฉื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ืžื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื™ื•ืกื’ืจ ืœืขื™ืจืืง, ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื™ืขื“ ื”ื˜ื™ืกื” ื”ื•ื ืคืจื™ื–, ืืš ื”ืžื˜ื•ืก ื ื—ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืคื”. ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื”ืชืื”ื‘ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืจืื•ืชื• ืื•ืชื” ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ. ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ืคื•, ื•ืขื‘ืจ ืœื—ื™ืคื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ืฆืข ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืืœึพืืชืชื—ืื“. ื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ื•ื•ืื“ื™ ื ื™ืกื ืืก ื•ืคื™ืจืกื ื‘ืืœึพืืชืชื—ืื“ ื•ื‘ืืœึพื’ืณื“ื™ื“ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžืืžืจื™ื. ื‘ึพ1955 ืคืจืฉ ืžื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช. ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื“ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช.
    ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ื”ืขื ืคื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืจื•ืžื ื™ื, ืกืคืจื™ื ืœื ื•ืขืจ ื•ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืžื—ื–ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ ืขื™ื•ืŸ. ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ืืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืื‘ืง ืœืžืขืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื. ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ืชื• ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœืดืื—ืจืด ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื โ€“ ืžื–ืจื—ื™ื, ืขืจื‘ื™ื, ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืืฃ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื. ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื• ื•ื ืขื•ืจื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“, ื›ืžื• ื’ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืจืงืข ืคื•ืจื” ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•. ืกื’ื ื•ื ื• ื™ืฉื™ืจ, ื ื˜ื•ืœ ืกืžืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืงื™ืฉื•ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื™ืชืจื” ื•ืคื•ื ื” ืืœ ื”ืจื’ืฉื™, ื”ืื•ืชื ื˜ื™ ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™.
    ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืคื™ืจืกื, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ (ื‘ื•ืกืชืŸ, 1974), ื”ื•ื ืžืชืืจ ืืช ืงืฉื™ื™ ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืืกืœืื ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื, ื•ืืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื™ ื›ืœืคื™ื”ื. ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื— (ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืขื ืจื•ื‘ื™ืง ืจื•ื–ื ื˜ืœ, 2000) ืžืกืคืจ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื›ื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืขื•ืจืจ ืžื”ื•ืžื” ืื“ื™ืจื”, ืดื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉืื ื™ ืžื“ื™ื—, ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืงืจื™ื, ื–ื•ืจืข ืฉื ืื”ืด. ื–ื”ื• ื‘ืœื™ ืกืคืง ืกืคืจ ื—ืœื•ืฆื™, ืฉื ื™ืชืฅ ื˜ืื‘ื• ื•ืื™ืคืฉืจ ืืช ื”ื•ืคืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืžืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื—.
    ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ื—ืกื•ืช (ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, 1977) ืžืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืขืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืชื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืžืœื—ืžืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžื—ื“ื“ืช ืฉืืœื•ืช ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช, ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช. ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ื‘ื”ืฆื™ื’ื• ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžื—ืœืฅ ืื•ืชื ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ื”ืกื˜ืจื™ืื•ื˜ื™ืคื™ ืฉืจื•ื•ื— ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก ืงื•ื’ืœ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื‘ึพ1978. ื’ืœืจื™ื” ืžื’ื•ื•ื ืช ืฉืœ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื ื—ืฉืคืช ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื: ื—ื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืจืคืœ (1979), ื”ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืชืจืช ื”ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืขื™ืจืืง ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืงื“ืžื• ืœืงื•ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ื•ืื“ื™ (1987), ื”ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื—ืฆื•ื™ื™ ื–ื”ื•ืช ื‘ื•ื•ืื“ื™ ื ื™ืกื ืืก ื‘ื—ื™ืคื”. ื”ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœื›ืžื” ืฉืคื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืœืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืœืงื•ืœื ื•ืข.
    ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื” (1993), ืื•ืœื™ ื’ื•ืœืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืคืขืœื• ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืจืฉื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืขื™ืจืืง. ื–ื”ื• ืืคื•ืก ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ ืขืฉื™ืจ ื”ืžืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื“ืจืš ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉื”, ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”. ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื ืคืจืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืฆื™ื ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ึพืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื™ื ืืช ืคื ื™ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื”ืขืชื™ืงื”. ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”, ืžื™ืœื“ื•ืชื” ื•ืขื“ ืœื™ืžื™ ื–ืงื ืชื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื˜ื•ืจืœื™ืกื˜ื™, ื ื˜ื•ืœ ืขื›ื‘ื•ืช, ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืืช ืžืขืžื“ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืœื™ ื•ื”ืžื“ื•ื›ื ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื.
    ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืงื”ืœ ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื, ืืš ื’ื ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืฆื“ ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื โ€“ ืฉื”ืฆื™ื’ื•ื”ื• ืœืขืชื™ื ื›ืžืœื•ื“ืจืžื” โ€“ ื•ืžืฆื“ ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืจืืงื™ื, ืฉื”ืชืงืฉื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืคื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“. ื‘ืฉื ืช ืฆืืชื• ืœืื•ืจ ื–ื›ื” ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืคืจืกื™ื: ืกืคืจ ื”ืฉื ื” ืžื˜ืขื ืดืงื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœืด, ืคืจืก ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืœื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ืคืจืก ืืฉืžืŸ ืžื˜ืขื ืืงื•ืดื ื•ืคืจืก ื•ื™ืฆืดื• ืคืจื™ื–. ื‘ึพ1994 ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืžื˜ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžื“ืข ื•ื”ืืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
    ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ืขืื™ื“ื” (2008) ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช, ื”ื ืฉืœื˜ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกื“ืื ื—ื•ืกื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ื—ื‘ืจืืช. ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื™ ื“ืืœื™, ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“. ื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ื ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืฉ ืžืชืขืจืขืจื™ื ื‘ืื—ืช ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฆื ืขืœ ืกืฃ ื‘ื™ืชื• ืื™ืฉื” ื›ื•ืจื“ื™ืช ืžืขื•ื ื”. ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ืขื ืขืื™ื“ื” ื•ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืื ืœืงื—ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื” ืื• ืœื”ืชืขืœื, ืžืืœืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื•. ื–ื”ื• ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ืžืฉื›ื ืขืช ืขื ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื™ื•ืฉืจื” ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ืจื•ื— ื‘ื–ื™ืงื” ืœืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจ ื˜ื•ื˜ืœื™ื˜ืจื™.
    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื™ื•ืฉืจื” ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ืจื•ื— ื”ื™ื ืชืžื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื’ื ื‘ืžืขื•ืฃ ื”ื‘ืจื‘ื•ืจื™ื (2011). ื•ื™ืœื™ืื ืืœื›ื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืคืงื“ ืžื”ื•ืœืœ ื‘ืฆื”ืดืœ, ืฉื—ืฉ ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ ื—ืžื•ืจ. ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื˜ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ื ื•ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืดืกื•ืคืจ ืฆืœืœื™ืืด, ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืฉืžื™ื›ืืœ ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœืฉืจื˜ื˜ ืืช ืคื™ืชื•ืœื™ื• ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื™ื”ืœื•ื ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื™ืžื•ืŸ (2015), ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืืœ ื™ืžื™ ื ืขืจื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื‘ืขื™ืจืืง ื•ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืชื— ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืฉืžืจื ื™ ืœื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื”ืžื”ืคื›ื ื™. ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœื• ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื, ื•ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ืฉืœื•, ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื, ืžืขืžื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื. ื›ื•ืœื ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื ืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื, ื‘ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืžืคื•ื›ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื โ€“ ืฉื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืื•ืคื™ ื”ืื“ื•ืœื•ืกื ื˜ื™ึพื‘ื•ืกืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื‘ืช ื“ื•ืจื•.
    ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืชื™ื‘ืชื• ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื›ืชื‘ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื’ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ืขื•ืจื™ื. ื‘ืกื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืงืœื™ื (1975) ื”ื•ื ืžืชืืจ ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ืขืจ ื ื•ืจื™, ื‘ืŸ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“, ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืžืชื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืืจื‘ืขื™ื. ืฉื™ืื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืดืคืจื”ื•ื“ืด โ€“ ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื’ื“ืื“ ื‘ึพ1941, ื•ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืขื•ื“ ืžื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืœื ื•ืขืจ: ืคื—ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช (1979), ื”ืžืชืืจ ืืช ืžืื‘ืง ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื ืขืจ ืขื™ืจืืงื™ ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืื”ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืงืœื™ื (1990). ื‘ึพ1992 ื–ื›ื” ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื‘ื‘ืจืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืฉื ื”ื ืก ื›ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืืŸ ืื ื“ืจืกืŸ ืขืœ ืกืคืจื™ื• ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ืขื•ืจื™ื.
    ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื’ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื: ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ืœื™ื (2009) ื•ืฆืจืฆืจื•ืŸ ืฉืจ ื’ื ื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ (2012). ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืกื™ื ื’ื ืขืœ ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•, ื‘ื”ื: ืคืจืก ื‘ืจื ืจ ื‘ึพ2004, ืคืจืก ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืคืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ึพ2005, ืคืจืก ืืžืดืช ื‘ึพ2007 ื•ืคืจืก ืขื’ื ื•ืŸ ื‘ึพ2018. ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืชื•ืืจ ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืœืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ืœืฉื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื›ืžื” ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืกืคืจื™ื• ืชื•ืจื’ืžื• ืœื›ืžื” ืฉืคื•ืช. ืžืื– 2001 ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื”ืŸ ื›ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื— ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
    ื‘ืฉื ืช 2016 ื”ืชืคืจืกื ื”ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื ืกื™ืš ื•ืžื”ืคื›ืŸ: ืขื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื•ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ. ื”ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืžืจื›ื– ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืคืขืœื• ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื›ืืœ.
    ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ื›ืดื‘ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื‘ืณ ืชืฉืคืดื“, 15 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2024, ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 97.

ื ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœึพื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืชื™ื” ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ื•ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช 
ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื: ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ืื•ืคืง ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื’ืจื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืœืชืจื’ื•ื ืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”

ืกืคืจื™ื•:

  • ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื‘ื•ืกืชืŸ, 1974)
  • ืกื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืงืœื™ื (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืœืดื” 1975) <ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื โ€“ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืงืžื—ื™>
  • ื—ืกื•ืช (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืœืดื– 1977) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช>
  • Refuge / translated from Hebrew by Edward Grossman (Philadelphia : Jewish Publication Society, 1988)
  • ืกื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืงืœื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช, ืชืฉืœืดื– 1977) <ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืงืœื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ื” ืฉื—ืจึพืœื•ื™ ืขื ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ืžืืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืงื•ืŸ>
  • ื—ื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืจืคืœ (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืœืดื˜ 1979) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ืช>
  • Eine Handvoll Nebel / uฬˆbersetzt von Hanns Schumacher (Frankfurt am Main : Alibaba Verlag : Dvorah Verlag, 1993)
  • ืคื—ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืœืดื˜ 1979) <ืื™ื•ืจื™ื โ€“ ื“ื ื™ ืงืจืžืŸ>
  • ืืœื” ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ : ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืขื“ืชื™ืช (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ืชืฉืžืดื“ 1984)
  • ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ื•ืื“ื™ (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืžืดื– 1987) <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœืจื’ืœ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช 60 ืฉื ื” ืœื”ื•ืฆืืช ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื™ืฆืื” ืœืื•ืจ ื‘ืชืฉืกืดื’ 2002> <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœื”ื•ืœื ื“ื™ืช, ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช, ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช>
  • Een trompet in de wadi / vertaald door Ruben Verhasselt (Amsterdam : Vassallucci, 1996)
  • Eine Trompete im Wadi : Roman / aus dem Hebraฬˆischen von Inken Kraft (Berlin : Berlin Verlag, 1996)
  • A trumpet in the wadi / translation by Yael Lotan ( New York : Simon & Schuster, 2003)
  • Une trompette dans le wadi : roman / traduit de lืณheฬbreu par Sylvie Cohen (Paris : Calmann-Leฬvy, 2006)
  • ืื”ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืงืœื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื•, 1990) <ืื™ื•ืจื™ื โ€“ ื ื•ืจื™ืช ืฆืจืคืชื™>
  • ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื” (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉื ืดื’ 1993) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœื”ื•ืœื ื“ื™ืช, ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช>
  • Victoria : een joodse vrouw in Bagdad / vertaald door Ruben Verhasselt (Amsterdam : Arena, 1994)
  • Victoria / translated from the Hebrew by Dalya Bilu (London : Macmillan, 1995)
  • Victoria / roman traduit de lืณheฬbreu par Sylvie Cohen (Paris : Denoeฬˆl, 1996)
  • ืฉื“ื™ื ื—ื•ืžื™ื (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช : ืกืคืจื™ ื—ืžื“, 1993) <ืื™ื•ืจื™ื โ€“ ื•ื•ืœืฃ ื‘ื•ืœื‘ื”>
  • ืื”ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืงืœื™ื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช, ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืœื”, ืชืฉื ืดื— 1998) <ืขื™ื‘ื“ ืœืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืงืœื” ืืœื›ืก ื–ื”ื‘ื™ ; ืื™ื™ืจ ื’ืœืขื“ ื™ืฉืจืืœ>
  • ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื— : ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืขื ืจื•ื‘ื™ืง ืจื•ื–ื ื˜ืœ (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“, 2000)
  • ื”ื›ื ืฃ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื›ืชืจ, 2000) <ืขืจื™ื›ื” โ€“ ื—ื™ื™ื ืคืกื—>
  • ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช (ืื•ืจึพื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืชืฉืกืดื 2001) <ืชืฆืœื•ืžื™ื โ€“ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืงืกื˜ืจื•>
  • ืžื™ื ื ื•ืฉืงื™ื ืœืžื™ื (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืกืดื‘ 2001) <ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœื”ื•ืœื ื“ื™ืช>
  • Water kust water / vertaald door Ruben Verhasselt (Amsterdam : Vassallucci, 2005)
  • ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืจืคืœื’ืจ (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืชืฉืกืดื” 2005)
  • ืขืื™ื“ื” (ืื•ืจึพื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื›ื ืจืช : ื–ืžื•ืจื”ึพื‘ื™ืชืŸ, 2008)
  • ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ืœื™ื (ืื•ืจึพื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืฉืกืดื˜ 2009) <ืื™ื•ืจื™ื โ€“ ืฉื—ืจ ืงื•ื‘ืจ>
  • ืžืขื•ืฃ ื”ื‘ืจื‘ื•ืจื™ื (ืื•ืจึพื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื›ื ืจืช, ื–ืžื•ืจื”ึพื‘ื™ืชืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011)
  • ืฆืจืฆืจื•ืŸ ืฉืจ ื’ื ื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ (ืื•ืจึพื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืฉืขืดื‘ 2012) <ืื™ื•ืจื™ื โ€“ ืœื™ืื•ืจื” ื’ืจื•ืกืžืŸ> <ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื>
  • ื™ื”ืœื•ื ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื™ืžื•ืŸ (ืื•ืจึพื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื›ื ืจืช, ื–ืžื•ืจื”ึพื‘ื™ืชืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื” 2015)

ืชืจื’ื•ื:

  • ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืจ / ื ื’ื™ื‘ ืžื—ืคื•ื– (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื : ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืืžื ื•ืช : ื”ืžืคืขืœ ืœืชืจื’ื•ื ืกืคืจื™ ืžื•ืคืช, ืชืฉืžืดื 1981โ€“ืชืฉืžืดื– 1987) (3 ื›ืจืณ) <ื”ื˜ืจื™ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืงื”ื™ืจื™ืช. ื›ื•ืœืœ ืื—ืจื™ืช ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืืช ืฉืฉื•ืŸ ืกื•ืžืš>

ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•:

ืกืคืจื™ื
  • ื ืกื™ืš ื•ืžื”ืคื›ืŸ : ืขื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื•ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ / ืขื•ืจืš ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื’ืžื, 2016)
  • Berg, Nancy E. More and more equal : the literary works of Sami Michael (Lanham, Md. : Lexington Books, 2005)
  • Mathew, Beeba. Layers of identity in Israeli minority literature : a comparative reading of Eli Amir and Sami Michael (Beer Sheva, Sept. 2011) <Thesis (M.A.)โ€“Ben-Gurion University of the Negev>
ืžืืžืจื™ื
ืขืœ ืดืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจืด
ืขืœ ืดืกื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืงืœื™ืืด
  • ืžื™ืฉืจ, ื ืขืžื”.  ืขืœ ื—ื•ืจืฉืช ื”ื“ืงืœื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช.  ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 309โ€“310 (ื ื™ืกืŸโ€“ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื•, ืืคืจื™ืœโ€“ืžืื™ 2006), ืขืžืณ 40โ€“41 <ื—ื•ืจืฉืช ื”ืชืžืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ (ืดืกื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืงืœื™ืืด), ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืก (ืดืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ ืžื–ืจื—ืด) ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื–ืณืงืœื™ืŸ ื›ื”ื ื•ื‘ ืดืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจื™ื”ืด>
ืขืœ ืดื—ืกื•ืชืด
  • ืืœืขื“, ืคื ื—ืก. ืฉืชื™ ืคื ื™ื ืœื—ืกื•ืช. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืžืดื”, ื’ืœืณ 5 (ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืœืดื—, ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1977), ืขืžืณ 342โ€“345.
  • ื‘ืŸึพื“ื‘, ื ื™ืฆื”.  ื”ืฉื™ื–ืฃ, ื”ื“ืงืœ, ื”ื ืขื ืข ื•ื”ื—ื™ื“ืงืœ : ื—ื•ืชื ืขื™ืจืืงื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ.  ื‘ืกืคืจื”: ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื : ืขืœ ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื•ืช ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื•ืช (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืฉื•ืงืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 142โ€“156.
  • ื‘ืŸึพื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืฆื—ืง. ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ โ€“ ื—ืกื•ืช. ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืœื”ื•ืจืื”, ื’ืœืณ ื—ืณ (ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืœืดื—, ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1978), ืขืžืณ 30โ€“37.
  • ื‘ืกืจ, ื™ืขืงื‘.  ืชืจื•ืžื” ืœืžื”ืœืš ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ ื—ื“ืฉ. ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžืฉื, ื›ืดื˜ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืœืดื–, 15 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1977, ืขืžืณ 18.
  • ืžืื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืฅ, ื“ื•ืจื™ืช.  <ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช>.  ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืจื™ืื”: ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 8 (1978), ืขืžืณ 414โ€“417.
  • ืขืžื™ืจึพื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ, ืขื“ื ื”.  ืกืชื ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืกืชื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื.  ื”ื“ื•ืืจ, ืฉื ื” 57, ื’ืœืณ ืœืดื• (ื›ืดื‘ ื‘ืื‘ ืชืฉืœืดื—, 25 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1978), ืขืžืณ 609โ€“610.
  • ืฉืžื™ืจ, ืื™ืœืช.  ื’ื™ืœื•ืžื™ ื›ืœืื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ืณื—ืกื•ืชืณ ืœืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ.  ื‘ืกืคืจื”:  ื”ื–ืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ : ื’ื™ืœื•ืžื™ ื›ืœืื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” : ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืจื•ืžื ื™ื (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืจืกืœื™ื ื’, 2016), ืขืžืณ 57โ€“115.
  • Morahg, Gilead. New images of Arabs in Israeli fiction. Prooftexts, vol. 6,no. 2 (1986), pp. 147โ€“162.
ืขืœ ืดื—ื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืจืคืœืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ.  ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ โ€“ ืžื‘ื˜ ืžืขื™ืจืง.  ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื›ืดื‘ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืดื, 11 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1980, ืขืžืณ 35.
  • ื‘ืŸึพื“ื‘, ื ื™ืฆื”.  ื”ืฉื™ื–ืฃ, ื”ื“ืงืœ, ื”ื ืขื ืข ื•ื”ื—ื™ื“ืงืœ : ื—ื•ืชื ืขื™ืจืืงื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ.  ื‘ืกืคืจื”: ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื : ืขืœ ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื•ืช ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื•ืช (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืฉื•ืงืŸ, ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 142โ€“156.
  • ื—ืงืง, ื”ืจืฆืœ ื•ื‘ืœืคื•ืจ. ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ. ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืœื”ื•ืจืื”, ื’ืœืณ ื™ืดื“ (ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืžืดื, ืžืื™ 1981), ืขืžืณ 42โ€“47 <ืขื ื”ืกืคืจ ืดื—ื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืจืคืœืด>
  • ืขืงืจื•ื ื™, ืื‘ื™ื‘.  ื—ื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืจืคืœ.  ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ื ืดื, ื’ืœืณ 6 (ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืžืดื, ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1980), ืขืžืณ 480โ€“481.
  • Ben-Ezer, Ehud. The refugee from Baghdad : on Sammy Michaelืณs A Handful of Mist. Modern Hebrew literature, vol. 6, no. 3โ€“4 (Winter 1981), pp. 40โ€“43.
  • Zeidel, Ronen. A question of language and audience : on the possibility of ืดIraqi novelsืด in Hebrew. Hebrew Studies, vol. 50 (2009), pp. 229โ€“243.
ืขืœ ืดืืœื” ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœืด
  • ืœื•ื™, ืืฉืจ.  ืขืœ ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื”ืจืื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ.  ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืจื™ืื”: ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช, ื’ืœืณ 19 (ืžืืจืก 1986), ืขืžืณ 91โ€“93.
ืขืœ ืดื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ื•ื•ืื“ื™ืด
  • ืื—ื™ึพื ืขืžื™, ืืžื ื•ืŸ. ื”ื•ื“ื ื•ืžืงืก. ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื’ืœืณ 244 (5 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1987), ืขืžืณ 36.
  • ื‘ื—ื•ืจ, ื™ื•ื ื”. ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื ืฉืžื”. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืžื•ืกืฃ 7 ืœื™ืœื•ืช, ื›ืดื‘ ื‘ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืžืดื–, 19 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1987, ืขืžืณ 23, 27 <ื ื“ืคืก ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจื”: ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืกืคืจื•ืช (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™ืจื•ืŸ ื’ื•ืœืŸ, 1993), ืขืžืณ 83โ€“87>
  • ื‘ืœืื˜, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ื•ื•ืื“ื™. ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื™ืดื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืžืดื—, 1 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 1988, ืขืžืณ 6.
  • ื‘ืŸึพืขื–ืจ, ืื”ื•ื“. ืจื•ืžืืŸ ื“ื•ึพืœืื•ืžื™. ื”ืืจืฅ, ื’ืณ ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืžืดื–, 28 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 1987, ืขืžืณ ื‘ 6โ€“ื‘ 7.
  • ื‘ืจึพืื•ืŸ, ื™ืขืงื‘. ืขืจื‘ื™ ื—ื“ืฉ : ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ. ื‘ืžื—ื ื”, ื’ืœืณ 42 (22 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1987), ืขืžืณ 46.
  • ื”ืื•ืคื˜ืžืŸ, ืฉืจื”.  ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ืดื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ื•ื•ืื“ื™ืด ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื’ืฉืจ ืœืฉืœื•ื.  ืžืกื“: ืžืืกืฃ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ืจืืชื”, ื’ืœืณ 4 (ืชืฉืกืดื• 2006), ืขืžืณ 70โ€“75.
  • ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื™, ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ื“ื‘ืจ, ื›ืดื‘ ื‘ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืžืดื–, 19 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1987, ืขืžืณ 23 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื‘ืชึพื™ืžื™ื ื• (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืื•ืจึพืขื, ืชืฉืดืŸ 1989), ืขืžืณ 66โ€“70>
  • ื•ื™ืกืจื•ื“, ืจื—ืœ.  ืื—ืจ ืคื•ื’ืฉ ืื—ืจ : ืณื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ื•ื•ืื“ื™ืณ, ื”ืกืคืจ ื•ื”ืกืจื˜.   ื‘ืชื•ืš: ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืคืช ื”ืื—ืจ : ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ืขืจื‘ื™ืช / ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื  ื ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื•ื›ื•ื™ื™ืฅ, ืขื‘ื“ ืืœืจื—ืžืŸ ืžืจืขื™, ืืœื•ืŸ ืคืจื’ืžืŸ (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืจืกืœื™ื ื’, 2010), ืขืžืณ 33โ€“47.
  • ื–ื”ื‘ื™, ืืœื›ืก. ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืขืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ืคืฉื˜ื ื™ืช. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, 22 ื‘ืžืื™ 1987, ืขืžืณ ื” 1.
  • ื—ืงืง, ื”ืจืฆืœ ื•ื‘ืœืคื•ืจ. ืกื•ืคืจ ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจืŸ : ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ืขื ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื• ื”ื—ื“ืฉ: ืดื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ื•ื•ืื“ื™ืด. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ, ื™ืดื“ ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืžืดื—, 7 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1987, ืขืžืณ 12.
  • ื—ืงืง, ื”ืจืฆืœ ื•ื‘ืœืคื•ืจ. ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืงื™ื•ืžื™ืช : ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ โ€“ ื”ืื ื”ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ืื“ื™? ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื”, ื›ืจืš ื›ืดื—, ื’ืœืณ 331 (1988), ืขืžืณ 14โ€“16.
  • ืœื ื“ืื•, ื“ื‘. ืจื™ืงื ื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืžืคื’ืฉ ืžืื›ื–ื‘. ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ืืณ ื‘ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืžืดื–, 29 ื‘ืžืื™ 1987, ืขืžืณ 7.
  • ืกื™ืžืŸึพื˜ื•ื‘, ื™ืขืงื‘. ืฉืชื™ ืื—ื™ื•ืช ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืกืดื‘, ื’ืœืณ 4 (1988), ืขืžืณ 56โ€“57.
  • ืขื™ื ืช, ืขืžืœื”. ื”ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืืœื™ืง โ€“ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืžื ื’ื™ื ื”. ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 90 (ืชืžื•ื–โ€“ืื‘ ืชืฉืžืดื–, ื™ื•ืœื™ 1987), ืขืžโ€™ 12.
  • ืคื™ืฉื‘ื™ื™ืŸ, ื™ืขืœ. ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ื•ื•ืื“ื™ ืžื™ ืœื ื™ืจื. ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ืณ ื‘ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืžืดื–, 2 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1987, ืขืžืณ 15.
  • ืฆื™ืคืจ, ื‘ื ื™. ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœ ืกืคืจื™ื: ืžืงื•ืจ. ื”ืืจืฅ, 15 ื‘ืžืื™ 1987, ืขืžืณ ื‘ 7.
ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื–ื” ืดื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ื•ื•ืื“ื™ืด ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืกืคืจื• ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืžื•ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ืกืคืจื™ ื‘ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืœื™ืกื™ืŸ.
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื ื™ืฆื”. ืžืžื™ืกื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืฉืžื”. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, 12 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1988, ืขืžืณ 28.
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ืขืžื•ืก. ื›ืžื• ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืคื•ืœื ื™ืช ืžื‘ืชึพื™ื. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, 7 ืœื™ืœื•ืช, 23 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1988, ืขืžืณ 12โ€“13.
  • ื”ื ื“ืœื–ืœืฅ, ืžื™ื›ืืœ. ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ืžื–ื™ื™ืคืช. ื”ืืจืฅ, 13 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1989, ืขืžืณ 10.
  • ื•ื ื•ื ื•, ื™ื•ืกื™. ื—ืฆื•ื™ื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ, 21 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1988, ืขืžืณ 10.
  • ื™ืจื•ืŸ, ืืœื™ืงื™ื. ื›ืžื• ืกืจื˜ ืชื•ืจื›ื™ ืื‘ืœ ืขื ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื”. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, 17 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1989, ืขืžืณ ื“ 4.
  • ืœืื•ืจ, ื™ืฆื—ืง. ืกื™ืจืกื ื•ืš, ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืžื“. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ, 10 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1989, ืขืžืณ 31.
  • ืžื ื•ืจ, ื’ื™ื•ืจื. ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ืฉื ืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉื”. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ, 13 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1989, ืขืžืณ 10.
  • ื ื’ื™ื“, ื—ื™ื™ื. ื”ื•ื•ืื“ื™ ื›ืžืฉืœ. ื‘ืžื—ื ื”, ื’ืœืณ 25 (22 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1989), ืขืžืณ 33.
  • ืคื•ื™ืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ืืžื™ืœ. ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ื•ืื“ื™. ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, 22 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1989, ืขืžืณ 2.
  • ืคืจื ืก, ืœื™ื•ื™ื”. ื‘ื•ื ื•ืชืงืข ื‘ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื”. ื”ืืจืฅ, 8 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 1988, ืขืžืณ 10.
  • ืฆื™ืžืจืžืŸ, ื•ืจื“ื”. ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื” ื•ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื“ื‘ืจ, 25 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1988, ืขืžืณ 24.
  • ืฆื™ืžืจืžืŸ, ื•ืจื“ื”. ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ, ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื“ื‘ืจ, 12 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1989, ืขืžืณ 12.
ืขืœ ืดืื”ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืงืœื™ืืด
  • ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื™ึพื’ืจื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืจื”ื.  ืžืขื™ืจืืง ืœืืจืฅึพื™ืฉืจืืœ.  ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ื‘ื—ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืœื•ื : ืžืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื”ืฉืœื (ืื‘ืŸึพื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ืจื›ืก, 1994), ืขืžืณ  149โ€“152.
ืขืœ ืดื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”ืด
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื” โ€“ ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœืจื•ืžืืŸ ืืชื ื™. ื“ื™ืžื•ื™: ื›ืชื‘ ืขืช ืœืกืคืจื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืช, ื‘ืงื•ืจืช ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช, ื’ืœืณ 10 (1995), ืขืžืณ 42โ€“50 <ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช (ืจืืฉื•ืŸึพืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ : ื™ื—ื“, ืชืฉื ืดื” 1995), ืขืžืณ 135โ€“151>
  • ื‘ืŸึพื“ื‘, ื ื™ืฆื”. ืืœืฃ ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืœื™ืœื” ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื›ืดื˜ ื‘ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉื ืดื’, 18 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1993, ืขืžืณ 30.
  • ื‘ืŸึพืขื–ืจ, ืื”ื•ื“. ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ. ื”ืืจืฅ, ื“ืณ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื ืดื’, 26 ื‘ืžืืจืก 1993, ืขืžืณ ื‘ 8.
  • ื‘ืกืจ, ื™ืขืงื‘. ืขื ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ: ืื ื™ ืื™ืฉ ื”ืžื–ืจื—, ืื™ื ื ื™ ืงืจื•ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ, ื™ืดื˜ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืชืฉื ืดื’, 12 ื‘ืžืืจืก 1993, ืขืžืณ 19 <ืจื™ืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื‘ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื• ืดื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”ืด>
  • ื’ื•ื˜ืงื™ื ื“, ื ืขืžื™. ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืœ ืœืœื ื›ื—ืœ ื•ืฉืจืง: ืขื ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ืขืœ ืกืคืจื• ืดื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”ืด. ื”ืฆื•ืคื”, ื™ืดื‘ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืชืฉื ืดื’, 5 ื‘ืžืืจืก 1993, ืขืžืณ 6.
  • ื’ื•ืจืŸ, ืฉื•ืฉื”. ื ืฉื™ื ืžืขืจื™ืฆื•ืช, ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืจื™ืฆื™ื. ื ืขืžืช: ื”ื™ืจื—ื•ืŸ ืœืืฉื” ื•ืœืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืžืืจืก 1994, ืขืžืณ 14โ€“16.
  • ื’ืจื ื•ืช, ืžืฉื”. ื”ืจื”ื•ืจื™ ื›ืคื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืดื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”ืด. ื”ืืจืฅ, ื™ืดื’ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉื ืดื’, 2 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1993, ืขืžืณ ื‘ 9.
  • ื”ื•ืœืฆืžืŸ, ืื‘ื ืจ. ื—ืฆืจ ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ื“. ื‘ืกืคืจื•: ืžืคืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื : ืกื™ืคื•ืจืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื›ื™ื•ื (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ : ืกืคืจื™ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืจื™ืื”, 2005), ืขืžืณ 106โ€“107 <ื”ื•ื‘ื ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืณืžื•ืกืฃ ืจื“ื™ื• ืœืกืคืจื•ืชืณ, ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1993>
  • ื”ืกึพืกื’ืžืŸ, ืชืžืจ. ืืฉื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืื™ืฉ. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื™ืดื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื ืดื’, 5 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1993, ืขืžืณ 22.
  • ื•ื™ืœืฃ, ืžื™ื›ืืœ. ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืชึพื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ, ื™ืดื ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื ืดื’, 2 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1993, ืขืžืณ 18.
  • ื–ื”ื‘ื™, ืืœื›ืก. ื‘ื’ื“ื“ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ. ืžืื–ื ื™ื: ื™ืจื—ื•ืŸ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช, ื›ืจืš ืกืดื–, ื’ืœืณ 6โ€“7 (1993), ืขืžืณ 15โ€“17.
  • ื—ืงืง, ืœื‘. ืขืœ ืณื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”ืณ ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ. ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืœ: ื›ืชื‘ึพืขืช ืœื—ืงืจ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื, ื›ืจืš ื‘ืณ (ืชืฉื ืดื— 1998), ืขืžืณ 7โ€“42.
  • ื™ืฆื—ืงื™, ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ื”. ืžืœื•ื“ืจืžื” ืื• ืคืจื•ื“ื™ื”? ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 160โ€“161 (ืกื™ื•ืŸโ€“ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉื ืดื’, ืžืื™โ€“ื™ื•ื ื™ 1993), ืขืžืณ 16โ€“17.
  • ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ, ื™ืจื•ืŸ. ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืžื ืฆื—ืช. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, 7 ื™ืžื™ื, ื™ืดื’ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉื ืดื’, 2 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 1993, ืขืžืณ 48โ€“50 <ืจื™ืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื‘ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื• ืดื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”ืด>
  • ืขืžื™ืจึพืงื•ืคืŸ, ืขื“ื ื”.  ืดืœื ืงืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืช ืœืืžื ืœื ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืชืด : ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”.  ื”ื“ื•ืจ : ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื” (ืชืฉืขืดื• 2016), ืขืžืณ 99โ€“109.
  • ืคืœื“, ืฉื™ืžืจื™ืช.  ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืช ื ืฉื™ืช ื‘ืณื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”ืณ ืœืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื‘ืจืื™ ืคืจื•ื–ื” ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช.  ืžื—ืงืจื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื›ืจืš ื›ื– (ืชืฉืขืดื” 2014), ืขืžืณ 233โ€“262.
  • ืคืจืœืกื•ืŸ, ืขื ื‘ืœ. ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ืืฉื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื–. ื“ื‘ืจ, ื‘ืณ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉื ืดื’, 23 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1993, ืขืžืณ 25.
  • ืคืจืœืกื•ืŸ, ืขื ื‘ืœ. ืจื•ื‘ ื•ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืžื“ ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ืคื™. ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 3 (1996), ืขืžืณ 32โ€“34.
  • ืงืจืคืœ, ื“ืœื™ื”. ืื ื™ ืคื•ื—ื“ ืจืง ืžืฉื“ื™ื. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™, ื™ืดื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื ืดื’, 5 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1993, ืขืžืณ 38โ€“39, 41, 52 <ืจื™ืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื‘ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื• ืดื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”ืด>
  • ืจื™ืงื™ืŸ, ืื™ืจื™. ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื“ืจื•ื•ื™ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ื ื•ืงืฉื™ื. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืกืคืจื•ืช ืืžื ื•ืช, ื™ืดื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื ืดื’, 5 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 1993, ืขืžืณ 29.
  • ืฉื ื™ืจ, ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ. ื™ื—ืกื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืึพืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืขื™ืจืืง. ืคืขืžื™ื: ืคืจืงื™ ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืจืฉืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื–ืจื—, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 63 (ืชืฉื ืดื”), ืขืžืณ 5โ€“40.
  • Ben-Dov, Nitza.  A thousand and one nights in the light of day.  Hebrew Modern Literature, N.S., no. 11 (Autumn/Winter 1993), pp. 37โ€“39.
ืขืœ ืดืžื™ื ื ื•ืฉืงื™ื ืœืžื™ืืด
  • ื’ืจื ื•ืช, ืžืฉื”. ืดืื ื™ ืฉืจื•ื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืด. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืขืดื–, ื’ืœืณ 1 (2003), ืขืžืณ 29โ€“34 <ืจืื™ื•ืŸ>
  • ืœื‘ื ื™ืช, ืจื•ืช. ืื“ื ืžื•ืœ ืื“ื, ืฆืขืจ ืžื•ืœ ืฆืขืจ. ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 262 (2001), ืขืžืณ 6.
  • ืœื, ืืžื™ืจื”. ืžื“ื“ืชื™ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื•ืช. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, 7 ื™ืžื™ื, ื™ืดื˜ ื‘ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืกืดื, 7 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2001, ืขืžืณ 28โ€“29, 31โ€“32, 34, 112 <ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื‘ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื• ืดืžื™ื ื ื•ืฉืงื™ื ืœืžื™ืืด>
  • ืžืœืฆืจ, ื™ื•ืจื. ืจื—ืฉ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื”ื“ืจืš. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช โ€“ ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื“ืณ ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืกืดื‘, 21 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2001, ืขืžืณ 26.
  • ื ืกื™ื, ืงื•ื‘ื™. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ืจื•ื ื™ื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœืณ 454 (ื›ืดื ื‘ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืกืดื‘, 7 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2001), ืขืžืณ 6.
  • ืกื•ืžืš, ืฉืฉื•ืŸ. ื”ืคืจื“ื•ืงืก ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ ื”ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื›ืดื” ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืกืดื‘, 12 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2001, ืขืžืณ ื‘ 14.
  • ืกื•ืžืš, ืฉืฉื•ืŸ. ืกื•ืคืจ ืจื‘ึพืชื™ืžืื˜ื™: ืขื ื”ืขื ืงืช ืคืจืก ื‘ืจื ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื“ ืœืกื•ืคืจ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืขืดื—, ื’ืœืณ 3 (2004), ืขืžืณ 9โ€“10.
  • ืจืžื•ืŸึพื•ื™ืกืžืŸ, ื ื™ื‘ื”. ืดืžื™ื ื ื•ืฉืงื™ื ืœืžื™ืืด. ื‘ื˜ืื•ืŸ ื›ื™ืดื—, ื’ืœืณ 14 (2002), ืขืžืณ 17.
  • ืฉื’ื™ื‘, ืžืจืกืœ. ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืื”ื‘ื”. ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืขืดื•, ื’ืœืณ 2 (2002), ืขืžืณ 57โ€“58.
  • ืฉืฅ, ืื‘ื ืจ. ืžื™ ื”ืชื”ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช โ€“ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืช, ืืžื ื•ืช, ื“ืณ ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืกืดื‘, 21 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2001, ืขืžืณ 26โ€“27.
  • Domb, Risa.  The Loneliness of the Wanderers : Water Touching Water by Sami Michael. in her: Identity and modern Israeli literature (London : Vallentine Mitchell, 2006), pp. 67โ€“77.
ืขืœ ืดื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืจืคืœื’ืจืด
  • ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ. ื ื‘ื•ืืช ืœื‘ ื•ืชื“ื”ืžื”. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช โ€“ ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื›ืดื˜ ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ืชืฉืกืดื•, 30 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2005, ืขืžืณ 29.
  • ืื•ืจืŸ, ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ื”ื–ื™ื™ืช ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื ืขื ื™. ื”ืื•ืžื”, ื›ืจืš 43, ื—ื•ื‘ืณ 161 (ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2005), ืขืžืณ 100โ€“109 <ื ื•ืกื— ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ ื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื•ืช (ืจืืฉื•ืŸึพืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ : ื™ื—ื“, ืชืฉืกืดื• 2006), ืขืžืณ 166โ€“178>
  • ื‘ืŸึพื“ื‘, ื ื™ืฆื”.  ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืจืคืœื’ืจ ืžืืช ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื•ืดื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœื—ื™ืคื”ืด ืžืืช ืจืณืกืืŸ ื›ื ืคืื ื™ : ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’.  ื‘ืชื•ืš: ืื™ื ื˜ืจื˜ืงืกื˜ื•ืืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช : ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืœื–ื™ื•ื” ื‘ืŸึพืคื•ืจืช / ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื’ืœื•ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืื•ืจืœื™ ืœื•ื‘ื™ืŸ (ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ ื•ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœืคื•ืื˜ื™ืงื” ื•ืกืžื™ื•ื˜ื™ืงื” ืขืดืฉ ืคื•ืจื˜ืจ, ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘, ืชืฉืขืดื‘ 2012), ืขืžืณ 215โ€“221 <ื ื•ืกื— ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช โ€“ ืœื”ืœืŸ>
  • ื‘ืŸึพื“ื‘, ื ื™ืฆื”.  ืื—ื™ื ื‘ื“ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืจืคืœื’ืจ ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ : ืจื•ืžืŸ ื”ืื™ื ืชื™ืคืื“ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.  ื‘ืกืคืจื”: ื—ื™ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื” : ืขืœ ืฆื‘ื, ื ืงืžื”, ืฉื›ื•ืœ ื•ืชื•ื“ืขืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืคืจื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืชืœึพืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืฉื•ืงืŸ, ืขืžืณ 259โ€“287.
  • ื‘ืŸึพื—ื‘ื™ื‘, ื“ื•ืœื™.  ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ื›ืจื™ืฉ โ€“ ืขืœ ื’ื•ืจืœื• ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉื ื ื˜ืฉ ืœืคื™ ื’ืจืกืช ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ.  ืžื—ืงืจื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื›ืจืš ื›ืดื“ (ืชืฉืขืดื 2011), ืขืžืณ 223โ€“240.
  • ื‘ืŸึพืขื–ืจ, ืื”ื•ื“.  ืื“ื ื›ืฉื“ื”ึพืžืขืจื›ื” : ืžื—ืžื“ื” ื‘ืŸึพื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขื“ ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ.  ืขืชื•ืŸ 77, ื’ืœืณ 302 (ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืกืดื”, ื™ื•ื ื™ 2005), ืขืžืณ 23โ€“26 <ืขืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืื”ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื•ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื’ื•ืจืœื ื”ืœื ืžืขื•ื“ื“, ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ื—ืžื“ื” ื‘ืŸึพื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ืœื” ื‘ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ>
  • ื’ืœืกื ืจ, ืืจื™ืง. ืกื ืกืฆื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”. ืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ืช โ€“ ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ื, ื›ืดื– ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉืกืดื”, 6 ื‘ืžืื™ 2005, ืขืžืณ 26.
  • ื”ื›ื”ืŸ, ืจืŸ. ื”ื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช. ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื‘ืช โ€“ ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื“ืณ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื”, 13 ื‘ืžืื™ 2005, ืขืžืณ 28โ€“29.
  • ื•ื™ื™ืก, ื™ืคืขืช. ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื’ืœืณ 638 (ื˜ืณ ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื”, 18 ื‘ืžืื™ 2005), ืขืžืณ 1, 14.
  • ืžืœืฆืจ, ื™ื•ืจื. ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื”ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœ. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื™ืดื ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื”, 2 ื‘ืžืื™ 2005, ืขืžืณ  ื” 2.
  • ืงืจืคืœ, ื“ืœื™ื”. ืกื•ืคืจ ืชื—ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื”. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืกืฃ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื•ืณ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉืกืดื”, 15 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2005, ืขืžืณ 24โ€“32.
  • ืฉืœื—ืช, ืื ื˜ื•ืืŸ. ืžืคื’ืฉ ื™ืฉืŸ, ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ. ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื™ืดื ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืกืดื”, 2 ื‘ืžืื™ 2005, ืขืžืณ ื” 2.
  • Ben-Dov, Nitza. Dialogo letterario tra ืดColombi a Trafalgarืด di Sami Michael e ืดRitorno a Haifaืด di Ghassan Kanafani. In: Tre generazioni di scrittori a confronto : saggi sulla letteratura israeliana / a cura di Yigal Schwartz, Gabriella Steindler Moscati (Napoli : Editoriale Scoentifica, 2009), pp. 43โ€“55.
ืขืœ ืดืขืื™ื“ื”ืด
  • ืขืžื™ืจึพืงื•ืคื™ืŸ, ืขื“ื ื”.  ืดื–ืขื, ื–ืขื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื“ื•ืขืš!ืด : ืขื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ ืขืื™ื“ื” ืžืืช ืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ.  ื”ื“ื•ืจ: ื”ืฉื ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืชืฉืขืดื 2010, ืขืžืณ 45โ€“57.
  • ืจื•ื“ื™ืŸ, ืฉื™. ืขืœ ื”ื•ืคืขืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช.  ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ืคืดื’, ื’ืœืณ 4 (ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืดืข, ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2009), ืขืžืณ 2โ€“7 <ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืดืงืจื•ื ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ืด ืœืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžื˜ืœื•ืŸ ื•ืดืขืื™ื“ื”ืด ืœืกืžื™ ืžื™ื›ืืœ>
ืขืœ ืดืžืขื•ืฃ ื”ื‘ืจื‘ื•ืจื™ืืด ืขืœ ืดื™ื”ืœื•ื ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื™ืžื•ืŸืด
ืขืœ ืดื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืจืด ืœื ื’ื™ื‘ ืžื—ืคื•ื–
ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื:

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