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Kirkiite

A valid IMA mineral species

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Kirkiite, etc.

Agios Philippos Mine, Alexandroupoli, Evros, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece

Kirkiite, etc.

Agios Philippos Mine, Alexandroupoli, Evros, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece

Kirkiite, etc.

Agios Philippos Mine, Alexandroupoli, Evros, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece

Kirkiite, etc.

Agios Philippos Mine, Alexandroupoli, Evros, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece

Kirkiite, etc.

Agios Philippos Mine, Alexandroupoli, Evros, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece

Kirkiite, etc.

Agios Philippos Mine, Alexandroupoli, Evros, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece

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About KirkiiteHide

Agios Philippos mine

Agios Philippos Mine, Alexandroupoli, Evros, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece

Formula:

Pb₁₀Bi₃As₃S₁₉

Colour:

Steel-gray

Hardness:

3½

Specific Gravity:

6.82 (Calculated)

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Member of:

Jordanite Homologous Series Group

Name:

After the type locality at the Agios Philippos Pb-Zn deposit, Kirki (Kirka), Xánthi Prefecture, Thraki (Thrace; Thracia) Department, Greece.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Agios Philippos Mine, Alexandroupoli, Evros, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece

Kirkiite is a member of the jordanite homologous series and is the archetype of the N=3 slab motif that is also found in marcobaldiite and arsenmarcobaldiite, for example.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

2216

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:2216:9

Similar NamesHide

Corkite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

PbFe₃³⁺(PO₄)(SO₄)(OH)₆

IMA Classification of KirkiiteHide

IMA status:

Approved

IMA Formula:

Pb²⁺₁₀Bi³⁺₃As³⁺₃S^2-₁₉

Approval year:

1984

First published:

1985

Type description reference:

Moëlo, Yves, Oudin, Elisabeth, Makovicky, Emil, Karup-Møller, Sven, Pillard, François, Bornuat, Michel, Evanghelou, Evangheli (1985) La kirkiite, Pb₁₀Bi₃As₃S₁₉, une nouvelle espèce minérale homologue de la jordanite. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 108 (5) 667-677 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1985.7883

Classification of KirkiiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

2.JB.30b

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
J : Sulfosalts of PbS archetype
B : Galena derivatives, with Pb

Dana 8th ed.:

3.4.17.1

3 : SULFOSALTS
4 : ø = 3

Hey's CIM Ref.:

5.6.32

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
6 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb alone

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Krk	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Krk	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019)	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of KirkiiteHide

Transparency:

Opaque

Colour:

Steel-gray

Hardness:

3½ on Mohs scale

Hardness:

VHN₁₀₀=150 kg/mm² - Vickers

Hardness Data:

Could not be measured

Density:

6.82 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of KirkiiteHide

Anisotropism:

Weak

Bireflectance:

Very weak

Reflectivity:

Wavelength	R₁ (%)	R₂ (%)
420nm	45.3%	40.2%
460nm	45.2%	40.9%
500nm	44.5%	40.4%
540nm	43.5%	39.4%
580nm	42.6%	38.6%
620nm	42.1%	38.0%
660nm	41.5%	37.5%
700nm	40.9%	36.9%
740nm	39.9%	35.7%

Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 45.3%.
R₁ shown in black, R₂ shown in red

Colour in reflected light:

White

Chemistry of KirkiiteHide

Mindat Formula:

Pb₁₀Bi₃As₃S₁₉

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
Pb	58.648 %
Bi	17.746 %
S	17.244 %
As	6.362 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

As, Bi, Pb, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Crystallography of KirkiiteHide

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Class (H-M):

2/m - Prismatic

Space Group:

P2₁/m

Cell Parameters:

a = 8.700(2) Å, b = 26.237(6) Å, c = 8.774(3) Å
β = 119.653(4)°

Ratio:

a:b:c = 0.332 : 1 : 0.334

Unit Cell V:

1740.2 Å³

Twinning:

Polysynthetic

Comment:

Data from Pinto et al. (2006) for a sample with a composition very close to the endmember.

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0007156	Kirkiite	Pinto D, Balic-Zunic T, Garavelli A, Garbarino C, Makovicky E, Vurro F (2006) First occurrence of close-to-ideal kirkiite at Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy): chemical data and single-crystal X-ray study European Journal of Mineralogy 18 393-401		2006	La Fossa crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy	0	293
0006074	Kirkiite	Makovicky E, Balic-Zunic T, Karanovic L, Poleti D (2006) The crystal structure of kirkiite, Pb10Bi3As3S19 The Canadian Mineralogist 44 177-188		2006	lead-zinc deposit of Aghios Philippos, near Kirki, in Thrace, Greece	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Kirkiite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Pinto D'
'Balic-Zunic T'
'Garavelli A'
'Garbarino C'
'Makovicky E'
'Vurro F'
_journal_name_full 'European Journal of Mineralogy'
_journal_volume 18 
_journal_year 2006
_journal_page_first 393
_journal_page_last 401
_publ_section_title
;
 First occurrence of close-to-ideal kirkiite at Vulcano (Aeolian Islands,
 Italy): chemical data and single-crystal X-ray study
;
_database_code_amcsd 0007156
_chemical_compound_source 'La Fossa crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Pb11 Bi2 As3 S19'
_cell_length_a 8.700
_cell_length_b 26.237
_cell_length_c 8.774
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 119.653
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 1740.482
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      6.738
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'P 1 21/m 1'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  'x,1/2-y,z'
  '-x,1/2+y,-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Pb1   0.74360   0.00104   0.23560   1.00000   0.02350
Pb2   0.59200   0.12483   0.42670   1.00000   0.02510
Pb3   0.07648   0.12617   0.90320   1.00000   0.02270
Pb4   0.58510   0.12619   0.90840   1.00000   0.01870
Pb5   0.93120   0.25000   0.10880   1.00000   0.03900
Pb6   0.92310   0.25000   0.57580   1.00000   0.02400
Pb7   0.40700   0.25000   0.56790   1.00000   0.03900
Bi1   0.25550   0.00031   0.24590   1.00000   0.02560
As2   0.08100   0.12170   0.41480   1.00000   0.01600
As3   0.41700   0.28050   0.07900   0.50000   0.01200
S1   0.42900   0.06240   0.06300   1.00000   0.02100
S2   0.88400   0.05700   0.03300   1.00000   0.01500
S3   0.45700   0.05630   0.61300   1.00000   0.01500
S4   0.89400   0.05520   0.60600   1.00000   0.01200
S5   0.82800   0.16460   0.29200   1.00000   0.01100
S6   0.21000   0.16530   0.28700   1.00000   0.01400
S7   0.74800   0.18130   0.73800   1.00000   0.01900
S8   0.20700   0.16480   0.67200   1.00000   0.01700
S9   0.55700   0.25000   0.94000   1.00000   0.00700
S10   0.14700   0.25000   0.94600   1.00000   0.02300
S11   0.54300   0.25000   0.34300   1.00000   0.04400
loop_
_atom_site_aniso_label
_atom_site_aniso_U_11
_atom_site_aniso_U_22
_atom_site_aniso_U_33
_atom_site_aniso_U_12
_atom_site_aniso_U_13
_atom_site_aniso_U_23
Pb1 0.01800 0.01900 0.02200 0.00000 0.00200 -0.00200
Pb2 0.02400 0.02500 0.02500 0.00200 0.01100 -0.00200
Pb3 0.02800 0.02100 0.02300 0.00200 0.01600 0.00200
Pb4 0.02300 0.01800 0.02000 -0.00200 0.01500 0.00100
Pb5 0.03300 0.03400 0.04700 0.00000 0.01600 0.00000
Pb6 0.04500 0.02000 0.02600 0.00000 0.03100 0.00000
Pb7 0.06800 0.03000 0.03700 0.00000 0.04000 0.00000
Bi1 0.01900 0.02500 0.02600 -0.00200 0.00400 0.00100

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
3.65 Å	(50)
3.475 Å	(60)
3.260 Å	(100)
3.070 Å	(70)
2.854 Å	(60)
2.190 Å	(50)
2.014 Å	(40)
1.815 Å	(50)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust	>4.50
11 : Volcanic fumarole minerals; reduced phases (see also #45)
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere	>4.45
12 : Hadean hydrothermal subsurface sulfide deposits (see also #33)
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])

Type Occurrence of KirkiiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Agios Philippos Mine, Alexandroupoli, Evros, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece

General Appearance of Type Material:

Subhedral grains to 200 μm.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

No designated type material.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Pb-Zn deposit.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Bismuthinite	Cosalite	Galena	Pyrite	Seligmannite
Sphalerite

Reference:

Synonyms of KirkiiteHide

IMA1984-030

Other Language Names for KirkiiteHide

Dutch:Kirkiiet

German:Kirkiit

Russian:Киркиит

Simplified Chinese:硫砷铋铅矿

Spanish:Kirkiita

Traditional Chinese:硫砷鉍鉛礦

Relationship of Kirkiite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Jordanite Homologous Series Group

Other Members of Jordanite Homologous Series:

Arsenmarcobaldiite	Pb₁₂(As_3.2Sb_2.8)_Σ6S₂₁	Tric. 1 : P1
Geocronite	Pb₁₄Sb₆S₂₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
Gratonite	Pb₉As₄S₁₅	Trig. 3m : R3m
Jordanite	Pb₁₄As₆S₂₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
Marcobaldiite	Pb₁₂(Sb₃As₂Bi)_Σ6S₂₁	Tric. 1 : P1

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:

2 photos of Kirkiite associated with Bismuthinite

Bi₂S₃

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

2.JB.	Clino-oscarkempffite	Ag₁₅Pb₆Sb₂₁Bi₁₈S₇₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Arsenquatrandorite	Ag_17.6Pb_12.8Sb_38.1As_11.5S₉₆	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Ginelfite	Ag₂(Ag_0.5Fe)TlPb_23.5(Sb,As)_33.5S₇₆	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.	Andreadiniite	CuHgAg₇Pb₇Sb₂₄S₄₈	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Chukotkaite	AgPb₇Sb₅S₁₅	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Selenojunoite	Cu₂Pb₃Bi₈Se₁₆	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.	Lechnerite	Ag₁₀Cu₄HgPb₃₃Sb₅₈S₁₂₈	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.	Cuprosenandorite	Ag₁₆Cu₈Pb₂₄Sb₇₂S₁₄₄	Orth. mm2 : Pna2₁
2.JB.	Morleyite	Ag₂CuPb₂₅Sb₂₄As₄S_68.5	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.	Lazerckerite	Ag_3.75Pb_4.50(Sb_7.75Bi₄)S₂₄	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Lasmanisite	Ag₁₂Pb₁₃Mn₁₁Sb₄₄S₉₆	Orth. 222 : P2₁2₁2₁
2.JB.	Montpelvouxite	AgPb₁₆Sb₂₇As₁₈S₈₄	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.	Senandorite	AgPbSb₃S₆	Orth. mm2 : Pmn2₁
2.JB.	Oscarkempffite	Ag₁₀Pb₄(Sb₁₇Bi₉)S₄₈	Orth. mm2
2.JB.05	Diaphorite	Ag₃Pb₂Sb₃S₈	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.10	Cosalite	Pb₂Bi₂S₅	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
2.JB.15	Marrite	AgPbAsS₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.15	Freieslebenite	AgPbSbS₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.20	Cannizzarite	Pb₄₈Bi₅₆S₁₃₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.20	Wittite	Pb₉Bi₁₂(S,Se)₂₇	Mon.
2.JB.25j	Rouxelite	Cu₂HgPb₂₃Sb₂₇S_65.5	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.25i	Neyite	Ag₂Cu₆Pb₂₅Bi₂₆S₆₈	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25a	Junoite	Cu₂Pb₃Bi₈(S,Se)₁₆	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25f	Ángelaite	Cu₂AgPbBiS₄	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
2.JB.25e	Galenobismutite	PbBi₂S₄	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
2.JB.25c	Nordströmite	CuPb₃Bi₇(Se₄S₁₀)	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.25i	Cuproneyite	Cu₇Pb₂₇Bi₂₅S₆₈	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25g	Nuffieldite	Cu_1.4Pb_2.4Bi_2.4Sb_0.2S₇	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
2.JB.25h	Weibullite	Pb₅Bi₈Se₇S₁₁	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
2.JB.25d	Proudite	CuPb_7.5Bi_9.33(S,Se)₂₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25b	Felbertalite	Cu₂Pb₆Bi₈S₁₉	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.30a	Jordanite	Pb₁₄As₆S₂₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.30a	Geocronite	Pb₁₄Sb₆S₂₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.30a	Arsenmarcobaldiite	Pb₁₂(As_3.2Sb_2.8)_Σ6S₂₁	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.30c	Tsugaruite	Pb₂₈As₁₅S₅₀Cl	Orth. mm2 : Pnn2
2.JB.30a	Marcobaldiite	Pb₁₂(Sb₃As₂Bi)_Σ6S₂₁	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.35d	Pellouxite	(Cu,Ag)Pb₁₀Sb₁₂S₂₇O(Cl,S)_0.6	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35e	Chovanite	Pb_15-2xSb_14+2xS₃₆O_x (x ~ 0.2)	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35a	Zinkenite	Pb₉Sb₂₂S₄₂	Hex. 6 : P6₃
2.JB.35c	Pillaite	Pb₉Sb₁₀S₂₃ClO_0.5	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35b	Scainiite	Pb₁₄Sb₃₀S₅₄O₅	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35f	Tubulite	Ag₂Pb₂₂Sb₂₀S₅₃	Mon. m : Pb
2.JB.40a	Fizélyite	Ag₅Pb₁₄Sb₂₁S₄₈	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40a	Ramdohrite	Pb_5.9Fe_0.1Mn_0.1In_0.1Cd_0.2Ag_2.8Sb_10.8S₂₄	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40e	Ustarasite	Pb(Bi,Sb)₆S₁₀ (?)
2.JB.40a	'Bursaite'	Pb₅Bi₄S₁₁ (?)	Orth.
2.JB.40	'UM1988-05-S:AgBiCuHgPb'	(Hg,Ag,Cu,Pb)₅Pb₅Bi₁₁S₂₇
2.JB.40	'UM1988-06-S:AgBiCuHgPb'	(Pb,Hg)₁₂(Cu,Ag)₃(Bi,Sb)₁₀(S,Te)₂₇
2.JB.40a	Terrywallaceite	AgPb(Sb,Bi)₃S₆	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.40a	Jasrouxite	Ag₁₆Pb₄(Sb₂₅As₁₅)S₇₂	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.40a	Tarutinoite	Ag₃Pb₇Bi₇S₁₉	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.40a	Oyonite	Ag₃Mn₂Pb₄Sb₇As₄S₂₄	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40b	Heyrovskýite	Pb₆Bi₂S₉	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cccm
2.JB.40a	Quatrandorite	AgPbSb₃S₆	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.40a	Erzwiesite	Ag₈Pb₁₂Bi₁₆S₄₀	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
2.JB.40a	Vikingite	Ag₅Pb₈Bi₁₃S₃₀	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.40a	Lillianite	Pb_3-2xAg_xBi_2+xS₆	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
2.JB.40b	Baiamareite	Ag₄Pb₁₂Fe₄Sb₂₀S₄₈	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40a	Staročeskéite	Ag_0.70Pb_1.60(Bi_1.35Sb_1.35)_Σ2.70S₆	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
2.JB.40a	Roshchinite	Ag₁₉Pb₁₀Sb₅₁S₉₆	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
2.JB.40b	Aschamalmite	Pb_6-3xBi_2+xS₉	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.40b	Eskimoite	Ag₇Pb₁₀Bi₁₅S₃₆	Mon.
2.JB.40a	Menchettiite	AgPb_2.40Mn_1.60Sb₃As₂S₁₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.40a	Holubite	Ag₃Pb₆(Sb₈Bi₃)S₂₄	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40a	Brusnitsynite	Mn₃CuPbAs₃Sb₂S₁₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.40a	Treasurite	Ag₇Pb₆Bi₁₅S₃₂	Mon.
2.JB.40c	Ourayite	Ag₃Pb₄Bi₅S₁₃	Orth.
2.JB.40a	Uchucchacuaite	AgMnPb₃Sb₅S₁₂	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pmmm
2.JB.40d	'Schirmerite'	PbAgBi₃S₆ - Pb₃Ag_1.5Bi_3.5S₉	Orth.
2.JB.40a	Xilingolite	Pb₃Bi₂S₆	Mon.
2.JB.40a	Gustavite	AgPbBi₃S₆	Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
2.JB.55	Gratonite	Pb₉As₄S₁₅	Trig. 3m : R3m
2.JB.60	Marrucciite	Hg₃Pb₁₆Sb₁₈S₄₆	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.65	Vurroite	Pb₂₀Sn₂(Bi,As)₂₂S₅₄Cl₆	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.JB.65	Tazieffite	Pb₂₀Cd₂(As,Bi)₂₂S₅₀Cl₁₀	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.JB.70	Daliranite	PbHgAs₂S₅	Mon.

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for KirkiiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-2216.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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Look for Kirkiite in the Rock H. Currier Digital Library

External Links:

Look for Kirkiite on Webmineral

Look for Kirkiite on Wikipedia

Look for Kirkiite on Mineralien Atlas

Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

Mineral Dealers:

Buy from D. Joyce minerals

References for KirkiiteHide

Reference List:

Walia, D. S., Chang, L. L. Y. (1973) Investigations in the systems PbS-Sb2S3-As2S3 and PbS-Bi2S3-As2S3. The Canadian Mineralogist, 12 (2) 113-119

Hawthorne, Frank C., Fleischer, Michael, Grew, Edward S., Grice, Joel D., Jambor, John L., Puziewicz, J., Roberts, Andrew C., Vanko, D. A., Zilczer, J. A. (1986) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 71. 1277-1282pp.1278-1279

Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh & Nichols (1990), Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. I.

Borodaev, Yuri S., Garavelli, Anna, Kuzmina, Olga V., Mozgova, Nadezhda N., Organova, Natalia I., Trubkin, Nikolay V., Vurro, Filippo (1998) Rare sulfosalts from Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy. I. Se-bearing kirkiite, Pb10(Bi,As)6(S,Se)19. The Canadian Mineralogist, 36 (4) 1105-1114

Pinto, D. (2005) Mineralogy, crystal-chemistry and structures of sulfosalts from Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy): Ag-free lillianite, Cl-bearing galenobismutite, kirkiite and the new mineral vurroite. Plinius, 31. 197-202

Locock, A. J., Ercit, T. S., Kjellman, J., Piilonen, P. C. (2006) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 91 (11) 1945-1954 doi:10.2138/am.2006.477

Makovicky, E., Balić-Žunić, T., Karanović, L., Poleti, D. (2006) The crystal structure of kirkiite, Pb₁₀Bi₃As₃S₁₉. The Canadian Mineralogist, 44 (1) 177-188 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.44.1.177

Pinto, Daniela, Balić-Žunić, Tonci, Garavelli, Anna, Garbarino, Carlo, Makovicky, Emil, Vurro, Filippo (2006) First occurrence of close-to-ideal kirkiite at Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy): chemical data and single-crystal X-ray study. European Journal of Mineralogy, 18 (3) 393-401 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2006/0018-0393

Piilonen, P. C., Locock, A. J., Rowe, R., Ercit, T. S. (2007) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 92 (4) 703-707 doi:10.2138/am.2007.488

Makovicky, Emil (2019) Algorithms for calculations of homologue order N in the homologous series of sulfosalts. European Journal of Mineralogy, 31 (1) 83-97 doi:10.1127/ejm/2018/0030-2791

Kasatkin A.V., Skoda R. (2019): The discovery of kirkiite at the Berezovsky gold deposit (Middle Urals). Novye Dannye o Mineralakh, 53, 80-85.

(2020) Kirkiite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for KirkiiteHide

Showing 4 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Greece (TL)
Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Evros Alexandroupoli ⓘ Agios Philippos Mine (TL)	Moëlo et al. (1985) +3 other references

Italy
Sicily Metropolitan City of Messina Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands) Lipari Vulcano Island ⓘ La Fossa crater	Borodaev et al. (1998)

Mexico
Chihuahua Carmargo Municipality Sierra de las Encinillas ⓘ Guadalupe Mine	Mike Scott S105203 from Cureton from ...

Russia
Sverdlovsk Oblast Beryozovsky ⓘ Berezovsk deposit	Kasatkin A.V. (2019)

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Kirkiite

About KirkiiteHide

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IMA Classification of KirkiiteHide

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Physical Properties of KirkiiteHide

Optical Data of KirkiiteHide

Chemistry of KirkiiteHide

Crystallography of KirkiiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Type Occurrence of KirkiiteHide

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Relationship of Kirkiite to other SpeciesHide

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Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

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References for KirkiiteHide

Localities for KirkiiteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide