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Calcioferrite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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07426640017271921784809.jpg
Calcioferrite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
04414260017271921814793.jpg
Calcioferrite

Moculta Phosphate Quarry, Penrice, Barossa Council, South Australia, Australia
03946900017271921859128.jpg
Calcioferrite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
07439730017866314076713.jpg
Calcioferrite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
04414260017271921814793.jpg
Calcioferrite

Moculta Phosphate Quarry, Penrice, Barossa Council, South Australia, Australia
03946900017271921859128.jpg
Calcioferrite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
07426640017271921784809.jpg
Calcioferrite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
04414260017271921814793.jpg
Calcioferrite

Moculta Phosphate Quarry, Penrice, Barossa Council, South Australia, Australia
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About CalcioferriteHide

Formula:
Ca4MgFe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2O
Some of the Fe may be replaced by Al.
Colour:
Sulphur-yellow, greenish yellow to green, yellowish white; yellow in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Pearly
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
2.51 - 2.53
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
In allusion to its composition, containing CALCIum and iron (Latin = FERRum).
A phosphate mineral found as nodules and otherwise in phosphatic clay.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
832
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:832:7

IMA Classification of CalcioferriteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Ca4MgFe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4·12H2O
First published:
1858
Type description reference:
Blum, J.R. (1858): Calcioferrit, eine neue Mineral-Spezies. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefacten-Kunde, 258 (in German).

Classification of CalcioferriteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
8.DH.25

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
H : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 < 1:1
Dana 8th ed.:
42.11.8.3

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
11 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:
19.14.16

19 : Phosphates
14 : Phosphates of Fe and other metals

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
CfrIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of CalcioferriteHide

Lustre:
Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent, Opaque
Comment:
Lustre pearly on cleavages
Colour:
Sulphur-yellow, greenish yellow to green, yellowish white; yellow in transmitted light.
Streak:
Sulphur-yellow
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
One perfect parallel to the foliation; another, interrupted, perpendicular to the first; a third, also interrupted, oblique to the first.
Density:
2.51 - 2.53 g/cm3 (Measured)    2.65 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of CalcioferriteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.572 - 1.604 nβ = 1.579 - 1.61 nγ = 1.583 - 1.612
2V:
Measured: 70° to 80°, Calculated: 72°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.008 - 0.011
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Surface Relief:
Moderate (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure - the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are isogyres.

Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r < v strong
Optical Extinction:
Z = b; X ∧ c = 61.5°.

Chemistry of CalcioferriteHide

Mindat Formula:
Ca4MgFe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2O

Some of the Fe may be replaced by Al.
Element Weights:
Element% weight
O50.710 %
Fe17.700 %
P14.726 %
Ca12.703 %
H2.236 %
Mg1.926 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
O
Fe
P
Ca
H
Mg
Elements listed:
Ca, Fe, H, Mg, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of CalcioferriteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/b
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.34 Å, b = 24.2 Å, c = 6.31 Å
β = 91.5°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.427 : 1 : 0.261
Unit Cell V:
1,578.40 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals flattened on [010]. Forms parallel or radiating groups; foliated; nodular or reniform; massive.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0020012CalcioferriteLafuente B, Downs R T, Yang H and Jenkins R A (2014) Calcioferrite with composition (Ca3.94Sr0.06)Mg1.01(Fe2.93Al1.07)(PO4)6(OH)4*12H2O Acta Crystallographica E70 116-1172014Moculta quarry, Angaston, Australia0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
12.10 Å(100)
2.903 Å(90)
2.652 Å(90)
2.592 Å(90)
1.578 Å(90b)
3.149 Å(70)
6.05 Å(60)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
21 : Chemically precipitated carbonate, phosphate, iron formations
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates]
Geological Setting:
Phosphatic clay

Type Occurrence of CalcioferriteHide

Other Language Names for CalcioferriteHide

Relationship of Calcioferrite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Calcioferrite Subgroup > Calcioferrite Group
Other Members of Calcioferrite Subgroup:
ZodaciteCa4Mn2+Fe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon.

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
6 photos of Calcioferrite associated with TinticiteFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 3H2O
6 photos of Calcioferrite associated with 'Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite'Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
5 photos of Calcioferrite associated with WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
5 photos of Calcioferrite associated with 'Carbonate-rich Apatite'Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
5 photos of Calcioferrite associated with FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
5 photos of Calcioferrite associated with 'Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite'Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
4 photos of Calcioferrite associated with HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
3 photos of Calcioferrite associated with 'Limonite'
3 photos of Calcioferrite associated with MitridatiteCa2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
2 photos of Calcioferrite associated with Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

8.DH.Thebaite-(NH4)(NH4)3Al(C2O4)(PO3OH)2(H2O)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.Whiteite-(MnMnMn)Mn2+Mn2+Mn2+2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.Ammoniotinsleyite(NH4)Al2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.Bergbauerite(H2O)2Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4(OH)2(H2O)10 · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.Dendoraite-(NH4)(NH4)2NaAl(C2O4)(PO3OH)2(H2O)2Mon. 2/m
8.DH.Rowleyite[Na(NH4,K)9Cl4][V5+,4+2(P,As)O8]6 · n[H2O,Na,NH4,K,Cl]Iso.
8.DH.HochleitneriteMn2Ti3(PO4)4O2(H2O)2 · 14H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.Whiteite-(CaMnFe)CaMnFe2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.05MinyuliteKAl2(PO4)2F · 4H2OOrth. mm2 : Pba2
8.DH.10LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.10TinsleyiteKAl2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.10Spheniscidite(NH4,K)(Fe3+,Al)2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnFe){Ca}{Mn2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaMnMn){Na}{Mn2+}{(Mn2+,Fe3+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{(Mg,Fe2+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(MnMnMg)MnMnMg2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnZn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Zn2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnMg){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnFe){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15'Jahnsite-(CaFeFe)'{Ca}{Fe2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon.
8.DH.15Rittmannite{(Mn2+,Ca)}{Mn2+}{(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2}{(Al,Fe3+)2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaMnMg){(Na,Ca)}{(Mn2+,Fe3+)}{(Mg,Fe3+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15'Jahnsite-(CaMgMg)'{Ca}{Mg}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnZn){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Zn2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMgMg)CaMg3Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaFeMg){Ca}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.15Whiteite-(MnFeMg){(Mn2+,Ca)}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnMn){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15'Kaluginite'(Mn2+,Ca)MgFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth.
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaFeMg){Ca}{Fe2+}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaFeMg){Na}{Fe3+}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.20SegeleriteCa2 Mg2 Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pcca
8.DH.20Lun'okite(Mn,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Al(PO4)2OH · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20Manganosegelerite(Mn2+,Ca)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20WilhelmvierlingiteCaMnFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20JuonniiteCaMgSc(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20OveriteCaMgAl(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.25ZodaciteCa4Mn2+Fe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon.
8.DH.25FanfaniiteCa4Mn2+Al4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.25KingsmountiteCa3Mn2+FeAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.25MontgomeryiteCa4MgAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon. 2 : B2
8.DH.30PararobertsiteCa2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.30RobertsiteCa2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bb
8.DH.30ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30Sailaufite(Ca,Na,◻)2Mn3+3(AsO4)2(CO3)O2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bm
8.DH.30MitridatiteCa2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30KolfaniteCa2Fe3+3O2(AsO4)3 · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.35MantienneiteKMg2Al2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35Sperlingite (H2O)K(Mn2+Fe3+)(Al2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)] [(H2O)9(OH)] · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.35PaulkerriteK(Mg,Mn2+)2(Fe3+,Al,Ti,Mg)2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2OMon. m
8.DH.35Hydroxylbenyacarite(H2O)2Mn2(Ti2Fe)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2O Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35MacraeiteK(H2O)Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.35Benyacarite(H2O)2Mn2Ti2Fe3+(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35Fluormacraeite [(H2O)K]Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.40XanthoxeniteCa4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.45MahnertiteNaCu3(AsO4)2Cl · 5H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
8.DH.50AndyrobertsiteKCdCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.50CalcioandyrobertsiteKCaCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.55EnglishiteK3Na2Ca10Al15(PO4)21(OH)7 · 26H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.60BouazzeriteBi6(Mg,Co)11Fe3+14(AsO4)18(OH)4O12 · 86H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.65GalliskiiteCa4Al2(PO4)2F8 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.70JoteiteCa2CuAl(AsO4)[AsO3(OH)]2(OH)2 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.75KampeliteBa6Mg3Sc8(PO4)12(OH)6 · 7H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.DH.80KapundaiteNaCaFe4(PO4)4(OH)3 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.85VaniniiteCa2Mn2+3Mn3+2O2(AsO4)4 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Readily decomposed by HCl.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for CalcioferriteHide

References for CalcioferriteHide

Reference List:
Blum, J.R. (1858): Calcioferrit, eine neue Mineral-Spezies. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefacten-Kunde, 258 (in German).
Dana, James D., Brush, George Jarvis (1868) A System of Mineralogy (5th ed.). p.882p.578
Rammelsberg, Carl Friedrich (1875) Handbuch der Mineralchemie (2nd ed.) Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig. p.316
Larsen, Esper S. (1921) The microscopic determination of the nonopaque minerals. Bulletin 679. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/b679 p.52
Palache, Charles; Berman, Harry; Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons.pp.976-977
Mead, C.W. and M.E. Mrose (1968) Solving problems in phosphate mineralogy with the electron probe. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 600-D, D204-D206.
Fleischer, Michael (1969) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 54 (5-6) 990-994
Ankinovich, E.A., S.G. Ankinovich, A.A. Dara, and F.A. Kurmakaeva (1983) Ferrous montgomeryite of the Kara-Tau. Zapiski Vserossiyskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva (Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society), 112, 84-88 (in Russian with English abstract).
Leavens, Peter B., Roberts, Willard L., Dunn, Pete J., Campbell, Thomas J. (1983) Red Montgomeryite and Associated Minerals from the Tip Top Pegmatite [South Dakota] With Notes on Kingsmountite and Calcioferrite. The Mineralogical Record, 14 (3) 195-197
Henderson, William A., Peisley, Vince (1985) Calcioferrite from the Moculta Quarry near Angaston, South Australia. The Mineralogical Record, 16 (6) 477-480
(2007) Calcioferrite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Lafuente, Barbara; Downs, Robert T.; Yang, Hexiong; Jenkins, Robert A. (2014) Calcioferrite with composition (Ca3.94Sr0.06)Mg1.01(Fe2.93Al1.07)(PO4)6(OH)4·12H2O. Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online, 70 (3). i16-i17 doi:10.1107/s1600536814004061
Grey, Ian E., Kampf, Anthony R., Smith, Jason B., Williams, Tim, MacRae, Colin M. (2019) The calcioferrite group approved and kingsmountite redefined. European Journal of Mineralogy, 31 (5) 1007-1014 doi:10.1127/ejm/2019/0031-2872

Localities for CalcioferriteHide

Showing 13 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia
 
  • South Australia
    • Barossa Council
      • Penrice
Henderson et al. (1985)
Austria
 
  • Styria
    • Weiz District
      • Fischbach
Auer (2025)
Germany
 
  • Bavaria
    • Upper Palatinate
      • Neustadt an der Waldnaab District
        • Waidhaus
          • Hagendorf
web.archive.org (2001)
Luetcke (n.d.)
  • Hesse
    • Giessen Region
      • Lahn-Dill-Kreis
        • Lahnau
          • Waldgirmes
Klaus Arnold Collection. Identified by ...
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Bad Dürkheim
      • Leiningerland
Blum (1858) +1 other reference
Italy
 
  • Sardinia
    • South Sardinia Province
      • Villaputzu
Marchesini et al. (1967) +1 other reference
Spain
 
  • Catalonia
    • Barcelona
      • Baix Llobregat
Camprubí et al. (Catalunya)
          • Bruguers
Tritlla (1987) +1 other reference
      • Barcelonès
        • Barcelona
          • Puig d'Olorda
Bareche (2005)
      • Vallès Occidental
        • Montcada i Reixac
Mineralogistes de Catalunya (1997)
USA
 
  • North Carolina
    • Cleveland County
      • Kings Mountain
Bernard et al. (2004)
  • South Dakota
    • Custer County
      • Custer Mining District
        • Fourmile
EDS by John Skok (Colorado School of Mines)
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