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Kapundaite

A valid IMA mineral species
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01527040017272471859560.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Koonunga, Light Regional Council, South Australia, Australia
00273460017271979305790.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Koonunga, Light Regional Council, South Australia, Australia
09858480017272082728418.jpg
Kapundaite

Malga Garbella di sotto, Ceresè, Rabbi, Trento Province, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, Italy
01527040017272471859560.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Koonunga, Light Regional Council, South Australia, Australia
09341430017866627202841.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Koonunga, Light Regional Council, South Australia, Australia
09858480017272082728418.jpg
Kapundaite

Malga Garbella di sotto, Ceresè, Rabbi, Trento Province, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, Italy
01527040017272471859560.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Koonunga, Light Regional Council, South Australia, Australia
00273460017271979305790.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Koonunga, Light Regional Council, South Australia, Australia
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About KapundaiteHide

02441690017272471864703.jpg
View of the pit

Tom's Quarry, Koonunga, Light Regional Council, South Australia, Australia
Formula:
NaCaFe4(PO4)4(OH)3 · 5H2O
Colour:
Pale to golden yellow
Lustre:
Silky
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
2.93
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
Named for Kapunda, Australia, the town closest to the type locality.
Structurally related to mélonjosephite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
39673
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:39673:6

IMA Classification of KapundaiteHide

Classification of KapundaiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
8.DH.80

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
H : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 < 1:1
Dana 8th ed.:
42.11.28.

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
11 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq·xH2O

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
KpdIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of KapundaiteHide

Lustre:
Silky
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Pale to golden yellow
Streak:
Yellow
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Estimated
Tenacity:
Flexible
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
2.93(3) g/cm3 (Measured)    2.917 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of KapundaiteHide

Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.717(3) nβ = 1.737(3) nγ = 1.790(3)
2V:
Calculated: 64.7°
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.
In focus
Dispersion:
None observed
Optical Extinction:
Z = b, Y ≈ c.
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X = nearly colorless, Y = light brown, Z = pale brown.
Comments:
Absorption: Y > Z > X.

Chemistry of KapundaiteHide

Mindat Formula:
NaCaFe4(PO4)4(OH)3 · 5H2O
Element Weights:
Element% weight
O47.556 %
Fe27.666 %
P15.344 %
Ca4.964 %
Na2.847 %
H1.623 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
O
Fe
P
Ca
Na
H
Elements listed:
Ca, Fe, H, Na, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of KapundaiteHide

Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.317(5) Å, b = 7.698(6) Å, c = 9.768(7) Å
α = 105.53(1)°, β = 99.24(2)°, γ = 90.09(2)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.821 : 1 : 1.269
Unit Cell V:
451.2 ų
Z:
1
Morphology:
Type material:
The primary form is {100}. Other forms in the [010] zone are present, but cannot be measured. Flattened terminations suggest that {010} is also present.
Twinning:
None observed.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
21 : Chemically precipitated carbonate, phosphate, iron formations
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates]

Type Occurrence of KapundaiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Tom's Quarry, Koonunga, Light Regional Council, South Australia, Australia
General Appearance of Type Material:
Cavernous aggregates of fibers to several cm. Crystals are very thin flattened fibers to a few mm long, but only a few microns thick. The fibers occur in subparallel bundles, compact compact radial sprays, and feathery curving masses.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Co-type specimens:
Mineral Sciences Department, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, California, USA, catalog 62495.
Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Australia, number M51138.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Phosphorite horizons in Cambrian marine sediments that were modified by metamorphism, followed by weathering and secondary enrichment.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
LeucophosphiteMeurigite-NaNatrodufrénite
Reference:
Mills, S. J., Birch, W. D., Kampf, A. R., Christy, A. G., Pluth, J. J., Pring, A., Raudsepp, M., Chen, Y. S. (2010) Kapundaite, (Na,Ca)2Fe3+4(PO4)4(OH)3·5H2O, a new phosphate species from Toms quarry, South Australia: Description and structural relationship to mélonjosephite. American Mineralogist, 95 (5) 754-760 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3466

Synonyms of KapundaiteHide

Other Language Names for KapundaiteHide

German:Kapundait

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
6 photos of Kapundaite associated with NatrodufréniteNaFe3+Fe3+5(PO4)4O(OH)5(H2O)2
5 photos of Kapundaite associated with GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
3 photos of Kapundaite associated with PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
3 photos of Kapundaite associated with LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
2 photos of Kapundaite associated with StewartiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
2 photos of Kapundaite associated with RhodochrositeMnCO3
2 photos of Kapundaite associated with MitridatiteCa2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
1 photo of Kapundaite associated with MinyuliteKAl2(PO4)2F · 4H2O
1 photo of Kapundaite associated with DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
1 photo of Kapundaite associated with Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

8.DH.Thebaite-(NH4)(NH4)3Al(C2O4)(PO3OH)2(H2O)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.Whiteite-(MnMnMn)Mn2+Mn2+Mn2+2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.Ammoniotinsleyite(NH4)Al2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.Bergbauerite(H2O)2Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4(OH)2(H2O)10 · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.Dendoraite-(NH4)(NH4)2NaAl(C2O4)(PO3OH)2(H2O)2Mon. 2/m
8.DH.Rowleyite[Na(NH4,K)9Cl4][V5+,4+2(P,As)O8]6 · n[H2O,Na,NH4,K,Cl]Iso.
8.DH.HochleitneriteMn2Ti3(PO4)4O2(H2O)2 · 14H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.Whiteite-(CaMnFe)CaMnFe2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.05MinyuliteKAl2(PO4)2F · 4H2OOrth. mm2 : Pba2
8.DH.10LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.10TinsleyiteKAl2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.10Spheniscidite(NH4,K)(Fe3+,Al)2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnFe){Ca}{Mn2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaMnMn){Na}{Mn2+}{(Mn2+,Fe3+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{(Mg,Fe2+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(MnMnMg)MnMnMg2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnZn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Zn2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnMg){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnFe){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15'Jahnsite-(CaFeFe)'{Ca}{Fe2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon.
8.DH.15Rittmannite{(Mn2+,Ca)}{Mn2+}{(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2}{(Al,Fe3+)2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaMnMg){(Na,Ca)}{(Mn2+,Fe3+)}{(Mg,Fe3+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15'Jahnsite-(CaMgMg)'{Ca}{Mg}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnZn){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Zn2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMgMg)CaMg3Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaFeMg){Ca}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.15Whiteite-(MnFeMg){(Mn2+,Ca)}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnMn){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15'Kaluginite'(Mn2+,Ca)MgFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth.
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaFeMg){Ca}{Fe2+}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaFeMg){Na}{Fe3+}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.20SegeleriteCa2 Mg2 Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pcca
8.DH.20Lun'okite(Mn,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Al(PO4)2OH · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20Manganosegelerite(Mn2+,Ca)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20WilhelmvierlingiteCaMnFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20JuonniiteCaMgSc(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20OveriteCaMgAl(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.25CalcioferriteCa4MgFe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.25ZodaciteCa4Mn2+Fe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon.
8.DH.25FanfaniiteCa4Mn2+Al4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.25KingsmountiteCa3Mn2+FeAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.25MontgomeryiteCa4MgAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon. 2 : B2
8.DH.30PararobertsiteCa2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.30RobertsiteCa2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bb
8.DH.30ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30Sailaufite(Ca,Na,◻)2Mn3+3(AsO4)2(CO3)O2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bm
8.DH.30MitridatiteCa2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30KolfaniteCa2Fe3+3O2(AsO4)3 · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.35MantienneiteKMg2Al2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35Sperlingite (H2O)K(Mn2+Fe3+)(Al2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)] [(H2O)9(OH)] · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.35PaulkerriteK(Mg,Mn2+)2(Fe3+,Al,Ti,Mg)2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2OMon. m
8.DH.35Hydroxylbenyacarite(H2O)2Mn2(Ti2Fe)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2O Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35MacraeiteK(H2O)Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.35Benyacarite(H2O)2Mn2Ti2Fe3+(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35Fluormacraeite [(H2O)K]Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.40XanthoxeniteCa4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.45MahnertiteNaCu3(AsO4)2Cl · 5H2OTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mmm
8.DH.50AndyrobertsiteKCdCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.50CalcioandyrobertsiteKCaCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.55EnglishiteK3Na2Ca10Al15(PO4)21(OH)7 · 26H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.60BouazzeriteBi6(Mg,Co)11Fe3+14(AsO4)18(OH)4O12 · 86H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.65GalliskiiteCa4Al2(PO4)2F8 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.70JoteiteCa2CuAl(AsO4)[AsO3(OH)]2(OH)2 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.75KampeliteBa6Mg3Sc8(PO4)12(OH)6 · 7H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.DH.85VaniniiteCa2Mn2+3Mn3+2O2(AsO4)4 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b

Fluorescence of KapundaiteHide

In UV light:
Not fluorescent

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for KapundaiteHide

References for KapundaiteHide

Localities for KapundaiteHide

Showing 4 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Hide all sections | Show all sections

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia (TL)
 
  • South Australia
    • Light Regional Council
      • Koonunga
Mills et al. (2010)
France
 
  • Occitanie
    • Aveyron
      • Villefranche-de-Rouergue
        • La Capelle-Bleys
Gayraud et al. (2011) +1 other reference
Italy
 
  • Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
    • Trento Province
      • Rabbi
        • Ceresè
Vignola et al. (2018)
USA
 
  • Maine
    • Oxford County
      • Greenwood
        • Uncle Tom Mountain
Very Rare Kapundaite just found at ... +4 other references
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