Mattheddleite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Mattheddleite
Matthew Forster Heddle
Formula:
Pb5(SiO4)1.5(SO4)1.5(Cl,OH)
Colour:
Creamy white to pinkish
Lustre:
Adamantine
Hardness:
3½ - 4½
Specific Gravity:
6.96 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Member of:
Name:
Named after Matthew Forster Heddle (28 April 1828 - 19 November 1897), Scottish geologist and mineralogist who did significant work towards investigating and describing Scotland's mineralogy in the 19th century. First described from Leadhills, Strathclyde, Scotland, UK by Livingstone et al. (1987).
Type Locality:
A mineral in the Ellestadite Group of the Apatite Supergroup.
An OH-dominant analogue may exist, named as "hydroxylmattheddleite" by Pasero et al. (2010).
An OH-dominant analogue may exist, named as "hydroxylmattheddleite" by Pasero et al. (2010).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2597
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2597:9
IMA Classification of Mattheddleite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Pb2+5(SiO4)1.5(S6+O4)1.5Cl
Approval year:
1985
First published:
1987
Classification of Mattheddleite
9.AH.25
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
H : Nesosilicates with CO3, SO4, PO4, etc.
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
H : Nesosilicates with CO3, SO4, PO4, etc.
52.4.9.6
52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
4 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] and/or >[6] coordination
52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
4 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] and/or >[6] coordination
17.10.23
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
10 : Silicates with sulphate, molybdate or tungstate
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
10 : Silicates with sulphate, molybdate or tungstate
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Mhd | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Mattheddleite
Adamantine
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Creamy white to pinkish
Streak:
White
Hardness:
3½ - 4½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
on {0001}, or a parting
on {0001}, or a parting
Density:
6.96 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Mattheddleite
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 2.017 nε = 1.999
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.018
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized uniaxial interference figure - the conoscopic
(convergent-light, Bertrand-lens-in) view, for a grain cut with the optic axis
centred and vertical. The coloured rings are isochromatics, computed with the
same physics as the Michel-Lévy bar above; the dark cross is the isogyre.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
Chemistry of Mattheddleite
Mindat Formula:
Pb5(SiO4)1.5(SO4)1.5(Cl,OH)
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Mattheddleite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6/m - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P63/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.0056 Å, c = 7.496 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.749
Unit Cell V:
649.9 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
Tiny (10-100 µm) acicular hexagonal prisms forming radiating rosettes.
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0014546 | Mattheddleite | Steele I M, Pluth J J, Livingstone A (2000) Crystal structure of mattheddleite: a Pb, S, Si phase with the apatite structure Mineralogical Magazine 64 915-921 |  | 2000 | Leadhills, Scotland | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.32 Å | (40) |
| 4.13 Å | (40) |
| 3.41 Å | (20) |
| 3.26 Å | (30) |
| 2.988 Å | (100) |
| 2.877 Å | (40) |
| 2.072 Å | (20) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
| 47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals] | |
| Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
| 56 : Slag and smelter minerals (see also #51 and #55) |
Geological Setting:
Oxidation zone in lead deposits.
Type Occurrence of Mattheddleite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Creamy-white linings of quartz cavities consisting of radiating hexagonal prisms, up to 100 um by 10-20 µm, forming aggregates about 0.2 mm in diameter.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Royal Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland and at the British Museum (NH), London, England.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Mattheddleite
Other Language Names for Mattheddleite
Relationship of Mattheddleite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Ellestadite Group:
| Chlorellestadite | Ca5(SiO4)1.5(SO4)1.5Cl | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Fluorellestadite | Ca5(SiO4)1.5(SO4)1.5F | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Hydroxylellestadite | Ca5(SiO4)1.5(SO4)1.5(OH) | Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) : P63/mcm |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 41 photos of Mattheddleite associated with Caledonite | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 |
| 19 photos of Mattheddleite associated with Susannite | Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2 |
| 15 photos of Mattheddleite associated with Lanarkite | Pb2(SO4)O |
| 12 photos of Mattheddleite associated with Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| 10 photos of Mattheddleite associated with Leadhillite | Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2 |
| 5 photos of Mattheddleite associated with 'Unnamed (Cu-Pb Sulfate)' | Cu, Pb, S, O |
| 4 photos of Mattheddleite associated with Scotlandite | PbSO3 |
| 4 photos of Mattheddleite associated with Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| 3 photos of Mattheddleite associated with Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| 3 photos of Mattheddleite associated with Elyite | Pb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.AH. | Fluorbritholite-(Nd) | Ca2Nd3(SiO4)3F |
| 9.AH.05 | Iimoriite-(Y) | Y2[SiO4][CO3] |
| 9.AH.10 | Tundrite-(Ce) | Na2Ce2Ti(SiO4)(CO3)2O2 |
| 9.AH.10 | Tundrite-(Nd) | Na2(Nd,Ce)2Ti(SiO4)(CO3)2O2 |
| 9.AH.15 | Galuskinite | Ca7(SiO4)3(CO3) |
| 9.AH.15 | Spurrite | Ca5(SiO4)2(CO3) |
| 9.AH.20 | Ternesite | Ca5(SiO4)2(SO4) |
| 9.AH.20 | Silicocarnotite | Ca5[(SiO4)(PO4)](PO4) |
| 9.AH.25 | Britholite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3OH |
| 9.AH.25 | Britholite-(Y) | (Y,Ca)5(SiO4)3OH |
| 9.AH.25 | Fluorbritholite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3F |
| 9.AH.25 | Fluorellestadite | Ca5(SiO4)1.5(SO4)1.5F |
| 9.AH.25 | Fluorbritholite-(La) | Ca2La3(SiO4)3F |
| 9.AH.25 | Fluorbritholite-(Y) | (Y,Ca)5(SiO4)3F |
| 9.AH.25 | Hydroxylellestadite | Ca5(SiO4)1.5(SO4)1.5(OH) |
| 9.AH.25 | 'Calciobritholite' | (Ca,Y)5(SiO4,PO4)3(OH) |
| 9.AH.25 | 'Britholite-(La)' | Ca2(La,Ce,Ca)3(SiO4,PO4)3(OH,F) |
| 9.AH.25 | Tritomite-(Ce) | Ce5(SiO4,BO4)3(OH,O) |
| 9.AH.25 | Tritomite-(Y) | Y5(SiO4,BO4)3(O,OH,F) |
| 9.AH.25 | Fluorcalciobritholite | (Ca,REE)5(SiO4,PO4)3F |
| 9.AH.25 | Chlorellestadite | Ca5(SiO4)1.5(SO4)1.5Cl |
| 9.AH.35 | Dargaite | BaCa12(SiO4)4(SO4)2O3 |
| 9.AH.35 | Nabimusaite | KCa12(SiO4)4(SO4)2O2F |
| 9.AH.40 | Stracherite | BaCa6(SiO4)2[(PO4)(CO3)]F |
| 9.AH.40 | Zadovite | BaCa6[(SiO4)(PO4)](PO4)2F |
| 9.AH.40 | Gazeevite | BaCa6(SiO4)2(SO4)2O |
| 9.AH.45 | Flamite | Ca8-x(Na,K)x(SiO4)4-x(PO4)x |
| 9.AH.50 | Byzantievite | Ba5(Ca,REE,Y)22(Ti,Nb)18(SiO4)4[(PO4),(SiO4)]4(BO3)9O22[(OH),F]43(H2O)1.5 |
| 9.AH.55 | Greenwoodite | (Ba,V3+O)2V3+9(Fe3+,Fe2+)2Si2O22 |
| 9.AH.60 | Kihlmanite-(Ce) | Ce2TiO2(SiO4)(HCO3)2(H2O) |
| 9.AH.65 | Tsangpoite | Ca5(PO4)2(SiO4) |
| 9.AH.70 | 'Enalite' | (Th,REE,Al) [(PO4),(SiO4),(OH)] |
Fluorescence of Mattheddleite
Dull yellow in SW
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Mattheddleite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2597.html
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References for Mattheddleite
Reference List:
Livingstone, A., Ryback, G., Fejer, E. E., Stanley, C. J. (1987) Mattheddleite, a new mineral of the apatite group from Leadhills, Strathclyde Region. Scottish Journal of Geology, 23 (1) 1-8 doi:10.1144/sjg23010001
Jambor, John L.; Bladh, Kenneth W.; Ercit, T. Scott; Grice, Joel D.; Grew, Edward S. (1988) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 73 (7-8). 927-935
Steele, I. M., Pluth, J. J., Livingstone, A. (2000) Crystal structure of mattheddleite: a Pb, S, Si phase with the apatite structure. Mineralogical Magazine, 64 (5) 915-921 doi:10.1180/002646100549742
Localities for Mattheddleite
Showing 45 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
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Whytes Cleuch, Wanlockhead, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, UK