Manaksite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Manaksite
Formula:
KNaMnSi4O10
Colour:
Colourless, cream, light rose
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
5
Specific Gravity:
2.73
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named for its chemical composition, including manganese, sodium (Na), potassium (K), and silicon (Si). It was named in a manner similar to the earlier described iron analogue, fenaksite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2558
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2558:0
Similar Names
| Mangazeite | A valid IMA mineral species | Al2(SO4)(OH)4 · 3H2O |
IMA Classification of Manaksite
Approved
IMA Formula:
KNaMn2+Si4O10
Approval year:
1992
First published:
1992
Classification of Manaksite
9.DG.70
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
G : Inosilicates with 3-periodic single and multiple chains
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
G : Inosilicates with 3-periodic single and multiple chains
70.1.1.3
70 : INOSILICATES Column or Tube Structures
1 : Column or Tube Structures with columnar silicate units
70 : INOSILICATES Column or Tube Structures
1 : Column or Tube Structures with columnar silicate units
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Mnk | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Manaksite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colourless, cream, light rose
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{001}, perfect; {010}, less perfect
{001}, perfect; {010}, less perfect
Fracture:
Hackly
Density:
2.73(2) g/cm3 (Measured) 2.71 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Manaksite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.540(2) nβ = 1.551(2) nγ = 1.557(2)
2V:
Measured: 73°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.017
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
weak
Chemistry of Manaksite
Mindat Formula:
KNaMnSi4O10
Element Weights:
Common Impurities:
Sr,Ca,Mg,Fe
Crystallography of Manaksite
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.993(5) Å, b = 8.219(7) Å, c = 10.007(9) Å
α = 105.11(7)°, β = 100.76(6)°, γ = 114.79(6)°
α = 105.11(7)°, β = 100.76(6)°, γ = 114.79(6)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.851 : 1 : 1.218
Unit Cell V:
474.49 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0019814 | Manaksite | Brandao P, Rocha J, Reis M S, dos Santos A M, Jin R (2009) Magnetic properties of KNaMSi4O10 compounds (M=Mn,Fe,Cu) Journal of Solid State Chemistry 182 253-258 | 2009 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.45 Å | (100) |
| 3.26 Å | (90) |
| 3.05 Å | (80) |
| 6.89 Å | (70) |
| 2.880 Å | (70) |
| 2.715 Å | (70) |
| 2.463 Å | (70) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Manaksite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Grains, to 3 mm, and aggregates, to 5 mm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, p575/3.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Ultra-agpaitic pegmatites.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Manaksite
Relationship of Manaksite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Litidionite Group:
| Calcinaksite | KNaCa(Si4O10) · H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Enricofrancoite | KNaCaSi4O10 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Fenaksite | (K,Na)4(Fe,Mn)2(Si4O10)2(OH,F) | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Litidionite | KNaCuSi4O10 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 4 photos of Manaksite associated with Ussingite | Na2AlSi3O8OH |
| 3 photos of Manaksite associated with Potassic-arfvedsonite | KNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| 3 photos of Manaksite associated with Zakharovite | Na4Mn5Si10O24(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| 2 photos of Manaksite associated with Natrosilite | Na2Si2O5 |
| 2 photos of Manaksite associated with Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| 2 photos of Manaksite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
| 2 photos of Manaksite associated with Steenstrupine-(Ce) | Na14Mn2+2Fe3+2Ce6Zr(Si6O18)2(PO4)6(PO3OH)(OH)2 · 2H2O |
| 2 photos of Manaksite associated with Villiaumite | NaF |
| 1 photo of Manaksite associated with Sodalite | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| 1 photo of Manaksite associated with Nordite-(Ce) | (Ce,La)(Sr,Ca)Na2(Na,Mn)(Zn,Mg)Si6O17 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.DG. | Barrydawsonite-(Y) | Na1.5Y0.5CaSi3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG. | Paratobermorite | Ca5AlSi5O16(OH) · 5H2O |
| 9.DG. | Calcinaksite | KNaCa(Si4O10) · H2O |
| 9.DG. | Alvesite | NaKZrSi6O15 · 2H2O |
| 9.DG.02 | Steedeite | NaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2 |
| 9.DG.02 | Nolzeite | NaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2 · 2H2O |
| 9.DG.05 | Murakamiite | LiCa2Si3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.05 | Serandite | NaMn2+2Si3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.05 | Bustamite | CaMn2+(Si2O6) |
| 9.DG.05 | Pectolite | NaCa2Si3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.05 | Tanohataite | LiMn2Si3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.05 | Dalnegorskite | Ca5Mn2+(Si3O9)2 |
| 9.DG.05 | 'Wollastonite-1A' | CaSiO3 |
| 9.DG.05 | Wollastonite | Ca3(Si3O9) |
| 9.DG.05 | Ferrobustamite | CaFe2+(Si2O6) |
| 9.DG.05 | Schizolite | NaCaMnSi3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.07 | Cascandite | CaScSi3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.08 | Plombièrite | Ca5Si6O16(OH)2 · 7H2O |
| 9.DG.10 | Clinotobermorite | Ca5Si6O17 · 5H2O |
| 9.DG.10 | Riversideite | Ca5Si6O16(OH)2 · 2H2O |
| 9.DG.10 | Tobermorite | Ca5Si6O17 · 5H2O |
| 9.DG.12 | Jusite | Na2Ca15Al4Si16O54 · 17H2O |
| 9.DG.12 | Kenotobermorite | Ca4Si6O15(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| 9.DG.15 | Foshagite | Ca4(Si3O9)(OH)2 |
| 9.DG.20 | Jennite | Ca9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2O |
| 9.DG.20 | Kamenevite | K2TiSi3O9 · H2O |
| 9.DG.25 | Paraumbite | K3Zr2H(Si3O9)2 · nH2O |
| 9.DG.25 | Umbite | K2(Zr,Ti)Si3O9 · H2O |
| 9.DG.30 | Sørensenite | Na4SnBe2Si6O16(OH)4 |
| 9.DG.32 | Escheite | Ca2NaMnTi5[Si12O34]O2(OH)3 · 12H2O |
| 9.DG.35 | Xonotlite | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| 9.DG.40 | Hillebrandite | Ca2(SiO3)(OH)2 |
| 9.DG.45 | Zorite | Na8(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 14H2O |
| 9.DG.45 | Chivruaiite | Ca4(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 13-14H2O |
| 9.DG.50 | Haineaultite | (Na,Ca)5Ca(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,F)8 · 5H2O |
| 9.DG.55 | Epididymite | Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O |
| 9.DG.60 | Eudidymite | Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O |
| 9.DG.65 | Elpidite | Na2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O |
| 9.DG.65 | Patynite | NaKCa4[Si9O23] |
| 9.DG.67 | Whelanite | Cu2+2Ca6[Si6O17(OH)](CO3)(OH)3 · 2H2O |
| 9.DG.70 | Enricofrancoite | KNaCaSi4O10 |
| 9.DG.70 | Yusupovite | Na2Zr(Si6O15) · 2.5H2O |
| 9.DG.70 | Litidionite | KNaCuSi4O10 |
| 9.DG.70 | Fenaksite | (K,Na)4(Fe,Mn)2(Si4O10)2(OH,F) |
| 9.DG.75 | Senkevichite | CsKNaCa2TiO[Si7O18](OH) |
| 9.DG.75 | Tinaksite | K2Na(Ca,Mn2+)2TiO[Si7O18(OH)] |
| 9.DG.75 | Tokkoite | K2Ca4[Si7O18(OH)](OH,F) |
| 9.DG.80 | Fluorcanasite | K3Na3Ca5Si12O30F4 · H2O |
| 9.DG.80 | Canasite | K3Na3Ca5Si12O30(OH)4 |
| 9.DG.85 | Miserite | K1.5-x(Ca,Y,REE)5(Si6O15)(Si2O7)(OH,F)2 · yH2O |
| 9.DG.90 | Frankamenite | K3Na3Ca5(Si12O30)(F,OH)4 · H2O |
| 9.DG.92 | Charoite | (K,Sr)15-16(Ca,Na)32[Si6O11(O,OH)6]2[Si12O18(O,OH)12]2[Si17O25(O,OH)18]2(OH,F)4 · ~3H2O |
| 9.DG.95 | Yuksporite | K4(Ca,Na)14(Sr,Ba)2(◻,Mn,Fe)(Ti,Nb)4(O,OH)4(Si6O17)2(Si2O7)3(H2O,OH)3 |
| 9.DG.97 | Eveslogite | (Na,K,Ca,Sr,Ba)48 [(Ti,Nb,Mn,Fe2+)12Si48O144(OH)12](F,OH,Cl)14 |
Radioactivity
Radioactivity:
| Element | % Content | Activity (Bq/kg) | Radiation Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uranium (U) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Thorium (Th) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Potassium (K) | 10.0416% | 3,113 | β, γ |
For comparison:
- Banana: ~15 Bq per fruit
- Granite: 1,000–3,000 Bq/kg
- EU exemption limit: 10,000 Bq/kg
Note: Risk is shown relative to daily recommended maximum exposure to non-background radiation of 1000 µSv/year. Note that natural background radiation averages around 2400 µSv/year so in reality these risks are probably extremely overstated! With infrequent handling and safe storage natural radioactive minerals do not usually pose much risk.
Interactive Simulator:
Note: The mass selector refers to the mass of radioactive mineral present, not the full specimen, also be aware that the matrix may also be radioactive, possibly more radioactive than this mineral!
Activity: –
| Distance | Dose rate | Risk |
|---|---|---|
| 1 cm | ||
| 10 cm | ||
| 1 m |
The external dose rate (D) from a radioactive mineral is estimated by summing the gamma radiation contributions from its Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium content, disregarding daughter-product which may have a significant effect in some cases (eg 'pitchblende'). This involves multiplying the activity (A, in Bq) of each element by its specific gamma ray constant (Γ), which accounts for its unique gamma emissions. The total unshielded dose at 1 cm is then scaled by the square of the distance (r, in cm) and multiplied by a shielding factor (μshield). This calculation provides a 'worst-case' or 'maximum risk' estimate because it assumes the sample is a point source and entirely neglects any self-shielding where radiation is absorbed within the mineral itself, meaning actual doses will typically be lower. The resulting dose rate (D) is expressed in microsieverts per hour (μSv/h).
D = ((AU × ΓU) + (ATh × ΓTh) + (AK × ΓK)) / r2 × μshield
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Manaksite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2558.html
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References for Manaksite
Reference List:
Khomyakov, A. P., Kurova, T. A., Nechelyustov, G. N. (1992) Manaksite NaKMnSi4O10: a new mineral. Zapiski Vserossijskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva, 121 (1) 112-114
Jambor, John L., Vanko, David A. (1993) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 78 (11-12) 1314-1319 p.1315
Brandão, P., Rocha, J., Reis, M.S., dos Santos, A.M., Jin, R. (2009) Magnetic properties of KNaMSi4O10 compounds (M = Mn, Fe, Cu). Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 182 (2). 253-258 doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2008.10.024
Kiriukhina, G. V., Yakubovich, O. V., Dovgaliuk, I. N., Dimitrova, O. V., Volkov, A. S. (2020) Crystal Structure of the Potassium-Rich Analog of Manaksite K(K0.72Na0.28)Mn[Si4O10] Based on the Low-Temperature Synchrotron Experiment Data. Crystallography Reports, 65 (1) 33-39 doi:10.1134/s1063774520010101(synthetic K(K,Na) analogue)
Localities for Manaksite
Showing 2 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Russia (TL) | |
| Fleischer's Glossary of Mineral Species ... +1 other reference |
| Pekov et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
Quick NavTopAbout ManaksiteUnique IdentifiersSimilar NamesIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence Other LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatRadioactivityOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Palitra pegmatite, Karnasurt mine, Karnasurt Mountain, Lovozersky District, Murmansk Oblast, Russia