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Epididymite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About EpididymiteHide

Formula:
Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Colour:
Colourless to white, rarely pink
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
Specific Gravity:
2.548
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Derived from the Greek επ (near), and δίδνμος (twin) referring to the dimorphous relation with eudidymite.
Dimorph of:
A late-stage mineral found in nepheline syenite pegmatites.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1388
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1388:4

IMA Classification of EpididymiteHide

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Na2Be2Si6O15·H2O
First published:
1893

Classification of EpididymiteHide

9.DG.55

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
G : Inosilicates with 3-periodic single and multiple chains
66.3.1.4

66 : INOSILICATES Double-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=2)
3 : Amphiboles - Ca-Na subgroup
14.3.7

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
3 : Silicates of Be

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
EddIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of EpididymiteHide

Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Comment:
Pearly on cleavage
Colour:
Colourless to white, rarely pink
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {001}, good on {010}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density:
2.548 g/cm3 (Measured)    

Optical Data of EpididymiteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.544 nβ = 1.544 nγ = 1.546
2V:
Measured: 22°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.002
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Surface Relief:
None to Very Low
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure - the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are isogyres.

Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
weak

Chemistry of EpididymiteHide

Mindat Formula:
Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Element Weights:
Element% weight
O52.187 %
Si34.354 %
Na9.374 %
Be3.675 %
H0.411 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
O
Si
Na
Be
H
Common Impurities:
Al,Fe,Mg,Ca,K

Crystallography of EpididymiteHide

Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnma
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.7334(4) Å, b = 13.6298(5) Å, c = 7.3467(3) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.934 : 1 : 0.539
Unit Cell V:
1275.04 ų
Z:
4
Twinning:
Reticulated twins, trillings, pseudohexagonal trillings

Crystallographic forms of EpididymiteHide

Crystal Atlas:
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Epididymite no.5 - {110} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
View 3D crystal model
Epididymite no.13 - {011} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
View 3D crystal model
Epididymite no.14 - {001} - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.

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Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0004614EpididymiteGatta G D, Rotiroti N, McIntyre G J, Guastoni A, Nestola F (2008) New insights into the crystal chemistry of epididymite and eudidymite from Malosa, Malawi: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study American Mineralogist 93 1158-11652008Malosa, Malawi0293
0000212EpididymiteRobinson P D, Fang J H (1970) The crystal structure of epididymite American Mineralogist 55 1541-15491970Narsarsuk, Greenland0293
0012437EpididymitePobedimskaya E A, Belov N V (1959) The crystal structure of epididymite: a new type of infinite silicooxygenous chains Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 129 900-90319590293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

Epitaxial Relationships of EpididymiteHide

Epitaxial Minerals:
'Eudidymite'Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Epitaxy Comments:
Epitaxial intergrowths of epididymite and eudidymite are common

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.37 Å(10)
3.08 Å(10)
2.96 Å(10)
1.790 Å(6)
1.634 Å(6)
2.48 Å(5)'
1.537 Å(5)
Comments:
From Handbook of Mineralogy, specimen from Narssârssuk, Greenland

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4a: Earth’s earliest continental crust>4.4-3.0
19 : Granitic intrusive rocks
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks

Type Occurrence of EpididymiteHide

Place of Conservation of Type Material:
No material connected with Flink's first investigation and descriptions has survived.
Chemical Analysis of Type Material:
SiO273.74 %
BeO10.56 %
Na2O12.88 %
H2O3.73 %
Total:100.91 %

Synonyms of EpididymiteHide

Other Language Names for EpididymiteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
106 photos of Epididymite associated with AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
49 photos of Epididymite associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
38 photos of Epididymite associated with EudidymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
36 photos of Epididymite associated with QuartzSiO2
26 photos of Epididymite associated with NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
25 photos of Epididymite associated with SeranditeNaMn2+2Si3O8(OH)
24 photos of Epididymite associated with CatapleiiteNa2Zr(Si3O9) · 2H2O
21 photos of Epididymite associated with 'Smoky Quartz'SiO2
20 photos of Epididymite associated with MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
20 photos of Epididymite associated with AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.DG.Barrydawsonite-(Y)Na1.5Y0.5CaSi3O8(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.DG.ParatobermoriteCa5AlSi5O16(OH) · 5H2OMon. 2/m
9.DG.CalcinaksiteKNaCa(Si4O10) · H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.AlvesiteNaKZrSi6O15 · 2H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.DG.02SteedeiteNaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.02NolzeiteNaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05MurakamiiteLiCa2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05SeranditeNaMn2+2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05BustamiteCaMn2+(Si2O6)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05TanohataiteLiMn2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05DalnegorskiteCa5Mn2+(Si3O9)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05'Wollastonite-1A'CaSiO3Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05FerrobustamiteCaFe2+(Si2O6)Tric. 1
9.DG.05SchizoliteNaCaMnSi3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.07CascanditeCaScSi3O8(OH)Tric. 1
9.DG.08PlombièriteCa5Si6O16(OH)2 · 7H2OOrth.
9.DG.10ClinotobermoriteCa5Si6O17 · 5H2OMon.
9.DG.10RiversideiteCa5Si6O16(OH)2 · 2H2O Orth.
9.DG.10TobermoriteCa5Si6O17 · 5H2OMon. 2 : P21
9.DG.12JusiteNa2Ca15Al4Si16O54 · 17H2O
9.DG.12KenotobermoriteCa4Si6O15(OH)2 · 5H2OMon.
9.DG.15FoshagiteCa4(Si3O9)(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.20JenniteCa9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.20KameneviteK2TiSi3O9 · H2OOrth. 222 : P212121
9.DG.25ParaumbiteK3Zr2H(Si3O9)2 · nH2OOrth. mm2
9.DG.25UmbiteK2(Zr,Ti)Si3O9 · H2OOrth. 222 : P212121
9.DG.30SørenseniteNa4SnBe2Si6O16(OH)4Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.DG.32Escheite Ca2NaMnTi5[Si12O34]O2(OH)3 · 12H2OOrth. mm2 : Ama2
9.DG.35XonotliteCa6(Si6O17)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DG.40HillebranditeCa2(SiO3)(OH)2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmcm
9.DG.45ZoriteNa8(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 14H2OOrth.
9.DG.45ChivruaiiteCa4(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 13-14H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmmm
9.DG.50Haineaultite(Na,Ca)5Ca(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,F)8 · 5H2OOrth. 222 : C222
9.DG.60EudidymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
9.DG.65ElpiditeNa2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2OOrth.
9.DG.65PatyniteNaKCa4[Si9O23]Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.67WhelaniteCu2+2Ca6[Si6O17(OH)](CO3)(OH)3 · 2H2OOrth. mm2 : Pnn2
9.DG.70EnricofrancoiteKNaCaSi4O10Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.70YusupoviteNa2Zr(Si6O15) · 2.5H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DG.70LitidioniteKNaCuSi4O10Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.70Fenaksite(K,Na)4(Fe,Mn)2(Si4O10)2(OH,F)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.70ManaksiteKNaMnSi4O10Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.75SenkevichiteCsKNaCa2TiO[Si7O18](OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.75TinaksiteK2Na(Ca,Mn2+)2TiO[Si7O18(OH)]Tric.
9.DG.75TokkoiteK2Ca4[Si7O18(OH)](OH,F)Tric.
9.DG.80FluorcanasiteK3Na3Ca5Si12O30F4 · H2OMon. m : Bm
9.DG.80CanasiteK3Na3Ca5Si12O30(OH)4Mon. m : Bm
9.DG.85MiseriteK1.5-x(Ca,Y,REE)5(Si6O15)(Si2O7)(OH,F)2 · yH2OTric.
9.DG.90FrankameniteK3Na3Ca5(Si12O30)(F,OH)4 · H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.92Charoite(K,Sr)15-16(Ca,Na)32[Si6O11(O,OH)6]2[Si12O18(O,OH)12]2[Si17O25(O,OH)18]2(OH,F)4 · ~3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
9.DG.95YuksporiteK4(Ca,Na)14(Sr,Ba)2(◻,Mn,Fe)(Ti,Nb)4(O,OH)4(Si6O17)2(Si2O7)3(H2O,OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.DG.97Eveslogite(Na,K,Ca,Sr,Ba)48 [(Ti,Nb,Mn,Fe2+)12Si48O144(OH)12](F,OH,Cl)14Mon. 2/m : P2/m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for EpididymiteHide

References for EpididymiteHide

Reference List:

Localities for EpididymiteHide

Showing 87 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Canada
 
  • Newfoundland and Labrador
    • Labrador
  • Québec
    • Montérégie
      • La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM
        • Mont Saint-Hilaire
MANDARINO et al. (1965) +4 other references
      • Lajemmerais RCM
        • Varennes & St-Amable
Horváth et al. (1998)
Horváth et al. (1998)
Czech Republic
 
  • Vysočina Region
    • Žďár nad Sázavou District
      • Věžná
www.cseg.ca/conferences/2000/556.PDF. +2 other references
Černý (1963) +2 other references
Greenland (TL)
 
  • Kujalleq
    • Igaliku
      • Narsaarsuk Plateau
Flink (1893) +2 other references
Petersen (2001)
Bohse et al. (2001)
Bohse et al. (2001)
Malawi
 
  • Southern Region
Fabre (n.d.)
    • Zomba
Cairncross et al. (1999) +4 other references
Norway
 
  • Akershus
    • Lunner
Raade et al. (1982)
Raade (1972)
  • Telemark
    • Porsgrunn
      • Auenlandet
        • Sagåsen
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
Larsen et al. (2005)
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
      • Langangen
        • Kokkersvold - Blåfjell E18 roadcuts
Raade et al. (1983)
Raade et al. (1983)
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
      • Siktesøya
Larsen et al. (1991)
Larsen et al. (2010)
      • Slevolden
Burvald (1993)
  • Vestfold
    • Larvik Commune
      • Brunlanes
Raade et al. (1983)
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
      • Hedrum
        • Lågendalen
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
      • Malerød
Andresen (2011)
Berge (1993) +1 other reference
      • Stavern (Fredriksvärn)
        • Fuglevika
Kristiansen (2005)
Larsen (2018)
Andresen et al. (2018)
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
Larsen (2021)
      • Tvedalen
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
Larsen et al. (2010)
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
Larsen (2016)
Larsen et al. (2010)
Nordrum (2007)
Larsen et al. (2010)
Engvoldsen et al. (1991) +1 other reference
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
Nordrum (2008) +1 other reference
Larsen et al. (1992) +2 other references
      • Vesle Arøya
Flink (1899) +2 other references
    • Sandefjord
      • Haneholmveien
Larsen et al. (2012)
      • Østerøya
Berge et al. (2002)
      • Vesterøya
Berge et al. (2011)
Larsen et al. (2013)
Engvoldsen et al. (1991) +1 other reference
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
Knut Edvard Larsen (2023)
Berge (1978)
Portugal
 
  • Azores
    • São Miguel
Samples collected by Luigi Chiappino ... +1 other reference
Russia
 
  • Aldan Shield
    • Chara and Tokko Rivers Confluence
Konev et al. (1993)
Konev et al. (1996)
  • Murmansk Oblast
[World of Stones 95:5-6
[World of Stones 95:5-6 +2 other references
      • Astrophyllite Stream
Pekov et al. (2005)
Arzamastsev et al. (2008)
Men'shikov (2006)
Azarova et al. (2009)
    • Kovdorsky District
Mikhailova et al. (2015)
    • Kukisvumchorr Mt
Cámara et al. (2013) +1 other reference
        • 252 m level
Pekov (2003)
    • Lovozersky District
Yakovenchuk et al. (2010)
        • Umbozero mine
Pekov et al. (1999) +1 other reference
Sorokhtina N.V. et al. (2004)
Pekov (1998) +1 other reference
Pekov (1998)
Pekov (1998) +2 other references
Ivanyuk et al. (2006)
      • Kuftnyun Mountain
Pekov (1998)
[World of Stones 95:5-6
Yakovenchuk et al. (2011)
Pekov (2003)
Tom Loomis specimen +1 other reference
  • Tuva
    • Sangilen Upland
Kapustin et al. (1965)
Spain
 
  • Canary Islands
    • Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province
      • Tenerife
Dill et al. (2023)
        • Granadilla de Abona
Dill et al. (2023)
Dill et al. (2023)
Dill et al. (2023)
        • Santiago del Teide
Dill et al. (2023)
Tajikistan
 
  • Districts of Republican Subordination
Pautov (2003)
USA
 
  • Massachusetts
    • Norfolk County
  • New Mexico
    • Otero County
      • Cornudas Mountains
XRD Laszlo Horvath collection specimen
 
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