Epididymite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Epididymite
Formula:
Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Colour:
Colourless to white, rarely pink
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
5½
Specific Gravity:
2.548
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Derived from the Greek επ (near), and δίδνμος (twin) referring to the dimorphous relation with eudidymite.
Dimorph of:
A late-stage mineral found in nepheline syenite pegmatites.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1388
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1388:4
IMA Classification of Epididymite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Na2Be2Si6O15·H2O
First published:
1893
Classification of Epididymite
9.DG.55
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
G : Inosilicates with 3-periodic single and multiple chains
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
G : Inosilicates with 3-periodic single and multiple chains
66.3.1.4
66 : INOSILICATES Double-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=2)
3 : Amphiboles - Ca-Na subgroup
66 : INOSILICATES Double-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=2)
3 : Amphiboles - Ca-Na subgroup
14.3.7
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
3 : Silicates of Be
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
3 : Silicates of Be
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Edd | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Epididymite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Comment:
Pearly on cleavage
Colour:
Colourless to white, rarely pink
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {001}, good on {010}
Perfect on {001}, good on {010}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density:
2.548 g/cm3 (Measured)
Optical Data of Epididymite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.544 nβ = 1.544 nγ = 1.546
2V:
Measured: 22°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.002
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
None to Very Low
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
weak
Chemistry of Epididymite
Mindat Formula:
Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Element Weights:
Common Impurities:
Al,Fe,Mg,Ca,K
Crystallography of Epididymite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnma
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.7334(4) Å, b = 13.6298(5) Å, c = 7.3467(3) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.934 : 1 : 0.539
Unit Cell V:
1275.04 ų
Z:
4
Twinning:
Reticulated twins, trillings, pseudohexagonal trillings
Crystallographic forms of Epididymite
Crystal Atlas:
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0004614 | Epididymite | Gatta G D, Rotiroti N, McIntyre G J, Guastoni A, Nestola F (2008) New insights into the crystal chemistry of epididymite and eudidymite from Malosa, Malawi: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study American Mineralogist 93 1158-1165 | ![]() | 2008 | Malosa, Malawi | 0 | 293 |
| 0000212 | Epididymite | Robinson P D, Fang J H (1970) The crystal structure of epididymite American Mineralogist 55 1541-1549 | ![]() | 1970 | Narsarsuk, Greenland | 0 | 293 |
| 0012437 | Epididymite | Pobedimskaya E A, Belov N V (1959) The crystal structure of epididymite: a new type of infinite silicooxygenous chains Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 129 900-903 | 1959 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Epitaxial Relationships of Epididymite
Epitaxial Minerals:
| 'Eudidymite' | Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O |
Epitaxy Comments:
Epitaxial intergrowths of epididymite and eudidymite are common
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.37 Å | (10) |
| 3.08 Å | (10) |
| 2.96 Å | (10) |
| 1.790 Å | (6) |
| 1.634 Å | (6) |
| 2.48 Å | (5)' |
| 1.537 Å | (5) |
Comments:
From Handbook of Mineralogy, specimen from Narssârssuk, Greenland
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4a: Earth’s earliest continental crust | >4.4-3.0 |
| 19 : Granitic intrusive rocks | |
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Epididymite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
No material connected with Flink's first investigation and descriptions has survived.
Chemical Analysis of Type Material:
| SiO2 | 73.74 % |
|---|---|
| BeO | 10.56 % |
| Na2O | 12.88 % |
| H2O | 3.73 % |
| Total: | 100.91 % |
Synonyms of Epididymite
Other Language Names for Epididymite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 106 photos of Epididymite associated with Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| 49 photos of Epididymite associated with Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| 38 photos of Epididymite associated with Eudidymite | Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O |
| 36 photos of Epididymite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 26 photos of Epididymite associated with Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| 25 photos of Epididymite associated with Serandite | NaMn2+2Si3O8(OH) |
| 24 photos of Epididymite associated with Catapleiite | Na2Zr(Si3O9) · 2H2O |
| 21 photos of Epididymite associated with 'Smoky Quartz' | SiO2 |
| 20 photos of Epididymite associated with Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| 20 photos of Epididymite associated with Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.DG. | Barrydawsonite-(Y) | Na1.5Y0.5CaSi3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG. | Paratobermorite | Ca5AlSi5O16(OH) · 5H2O |
| 9.DG. | Calcinaksite | KNaCa(Si4O10) · H2O |
| 9.DG. | Alvesite | NaKZrSi6O15 · 2H2O |
| 9.DG.02 | Steedeite | NaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2 |
| 9.DG.02 | Nolzeite | NaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2 · 2H2O |
| 9.DG.05 | Murakamiite | LiCa2Si3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.05 | Serandite | NaMn2+2Si3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.05 | Bustamite | CaMn2+(Si2O6) |
| 9.DG.05 | Pectolite | NaCa2Si3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.05 | Tanohataite | LiMn2Si3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.05 | Dalnegorskite | Ca5Mn2+(Si3O9)2 |
| 9.DG.05 | 'Wollastonite-1A' | CaSiO3 |
| 9.DG.05 | Wollastonite | Ca3(Si3O9) |
| 9.DG.05 | Ferrobustamite | CaFe2+(Si2O6) |
| 9.DG.05 | Schizolite | NaCaMnSi3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.07 | Cascandite | CaScSi3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.08 | Plombièrite | Ca5Si6O16(OH)2 · 7H2O |
| 9.DG.10 | Clinotobermorite | Ca5Si6O17 · 5H2O |
| 9.DG.10 | Riversideite | Ca5Si6O16(OH)2 · 2H2O |
| 9.DG.10 | Tobermorite | Ca5Si6O17 · 5H2O |
| 9.DG.12 | Jusite | Na2Ca15Al4Si16O54 · 17H2O |
| 9.DG.12 | Kenotobermorite | Ca4Si6O15(OH)2 · 5H2O |
| 9.DG.15 | Foshagite | Ca4(Si3O9)(OH)2 |
| 9.DG.20 | Jennite | Ca9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2O |
| 9.DG.20 | Kamenevite | K2TiSi3O9 · H2O |
| 9.DG.25 | Paraumbite | K3Zr2H(Si3O9)2 · nH2O |
| 9.DG.25 | Umbite | K2(Zr,Ti)Si3O9 · H2O |
| 9.DG.30 | Sørensenite | Na4SnBe2Si6O16(OH)4 |
| 9.DG.32 | Escheite | Ca2NaMnTi5[Si12O34]O2(OH)3 · 12H2O |
| 9.DG.35 | Xonotlite | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| 9.DG.40 | Hillebrandite | Ca2(SiO3)(OH)2 |
| 9.DG.45 | Zorite | Na8(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 14H2O |
| 9.DG.45 | Chivruaiite | Ca4(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 13-14H2O |
| 9.DG.50 | Haineaultite | (Na,Ca)5Ca(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,F)8 · 5H2O |
| 9.DG.60 | Eudidymite | Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O |
| 9.DG.65 | Elpidite | Na2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O |
| 9.DG.65 | Patynite | NaKCa4[Si9O23] |
| 9.DG.67 | Whelanite | Cu2+2Ca6[Si6O17(OH)](CO3)(OH)3 · 2H2O |
| 9.DG.70 | Enricofrancoite | KNaCaSi4O10 |
| 9.DG.70 | Yusupovite | Na2Zr(Si6O15) · 2.5H2O |
| 9.DG.70 | Litidionite | KNaCuSi4O10 |
| 9.DG.70 | Fenaksite | (K,Na)4(Fe,Mn)2(Si4O10)2(OH,F) |
| 9.DG.70 | Manaksite | KNaMnSi4O10 |
| 9.DG.75 | Senkevichite | CsKNaCa2TiO[Si7O18](OH) |
| 9.DG.75 | Tinaksite | K2Na(Ca,Mn2+)2TiO[Si7O18(OH)] |
| 9.DG.75 | Tokkoite | K2Ca4[Si7O18(OH)](OH,F) |
| 9.DG.80 | Fluorcanasite | K3Na3Ca5Si12O30F4 · H2O |
| 9.DG.80 | Canasite | K3Na3Ca5Si12O30(OH)4 |
| 9.DG.85 | Miserite | K1.5-x(Ca,Y,REE)5(Si6O15)(Si2O7)(OH,F)2 · yH2O |
| 9.DG.90 | Frankamenite | K3Na3Ca5(Si12O30)(F,OH)4 · H2O |
| 9.DG.92 | Charoite | (K,Sr)15-16(Ca,Na)32[Si6O11(O,OH)6]2[Si12O18(O,OH)12]2[Si17O25(O,OH)18]2(OH,F)4 · ~3H2O |
| 9.DG.95 | Yuksporite | K4(Ca,Na)14(Sr,Ba)2(◻,Mn,Fe)(Ti,Nb)4(O,OH)4(Si6O17)2(Si2O7)3(H2O,OH)3 |
| 9.DG.97 | Eveslogite | (Na,K,Ca,Sr,Ba)48 [(Ti,Nb,Mn,Fe2+)12Si48O144(OH)12](F,OH,Cl)14 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Epididymite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1388.html
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References for Epididymite
Reference List:
Flink, Gust. (1893) Om några mineral från Grönland. Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 15 (4) 195-208 doi:10.1080/11035899309442185
Ito, T. (1934) The Structure of Epididymite (HNaBeSi3O8). Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 88 (1) 142-149 doi:10.1524/zkri.1934.88.1.142
Černý, P. (1963) Epididymite and milarite—alteration products of beryl from Věžná, Czechoslovakia. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 33 (261) 450-457 doi:10.1180/minmag.1963.033.261.02
Robinson, Paul D., Fang, J. H. (1970) The crystal structure of epididymite. American Mineralogist, 55 (9-10) 1541-1549
Fang, J. H., Robinson, Paul D., Ohya, Y. (1972) Redetermination of the crystal structure of eudidymite and its dimorphic relationship to epididylnite. American Mineralogist, 57 (9-10) 1345-1354
Localities for Epididymite
Showing 87 localities.
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
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The
Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada