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Earlshannonite

A valid IMA mineral species
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00307780017783540294613.jpg
Earlshannonite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
02960580017783540846387.jpg
Earlshannonite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
06192900017783540846631.jpg
Earlshannonite, etc.

Foote Lithium Co. Mine, Kings Mountain, Cleveland County, North Carolina, USA
08341120017867017825098.jpg
Earlshannonite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
02960580017783540846387.jpg
Earlshannonite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
06192900017783540846631.jpg
Earlshannonite, etc.

Foote Lithium Co. Mine, Kings Mountain, Cleveland County, North Carolina, USA
00307780017783540294613.jpg
Earlshannonite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
02960580017783540846387.jpg
Earlshannonite

Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany
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About EarlshannoniteHide

06946390017271922737492.jpg
Earl Victor Shannon
Formula:
Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
Colour:
Dark reddish brown, yellowish brown, yellow-orange, bright yellow
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
3 - 4
Specific Gravity:
2.90
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Arthurite Group
Name:
Named in 1984 by Donald R. Peacor, Pete J. Dunn, and William B. Simmons in honor of Earl Victor Shannon [February 16, 1895 Idaho, USA - October 23, 1981 Hampton, Virginia, USA], assistant curator of the U.S. National Museum (~1918-~1929), mineralogist, morphological crystallographer, and chemist. Shannon's work ended in 1929 due to formaldehyde poisoning that destroyed his brain. He remained in supervised care for the remainder of his life. Several papers appeared in 1930 with Shannon as the second author and may have been unfinished research papers that were completed by colleagues.
This page provides mineralogical data about Earlshannonite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1345
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1345:7

IMA Classification of EarlshannoniteHide

Classification of EarlshannoniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
8.DC.15

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 1:1 and < 2:1
Dana 8th ed.:
42.11.20.4

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
11 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:
19.12.21

19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
EsnIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of EarlshannoniteHide

Lustre:
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Comment:
On both crystal and cleavage surfaces
Colour:
Dark reddish brown, yellowish brown, yellow-orange, bright yellow
Streak:
Light brown
Hardness:
3 - 4 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
Two poor cleavages, one is likely {100}.
Comment:
Fracture : even
Density:
2.90(4) g/cm3 (Measured)    2.92 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of EarlshannoniteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.696 nβ = 1.745 nγ = 1.765
2V:
Measured: 64° , Calculated: 62°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.069
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure - the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are isogyres.

Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r > v
Optical Extinction:
Z = c.
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X = Y light yellow brown; Z yellow brown.
Comments:
Absorption: Z > X ≈ Y.

Chemistry of EarlshannoniteHide

Mindat Formula:
Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
Element Weights:
Element% weight
O48.415 %
Fe24.142 %
P13.390 %
Mn11.875 %
H2.179 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Fe, H, Mn, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of EarlshannoniteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.91 Å, b = 9.66 Å, c = 5.45 Å
β = 93.95°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.026 : 1 : 0.564
Unit Cell V:
520.49 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Prismatic, elongate on [001], with forms {110} (dominant) and {100} and {011} (minor). Commonly exhibit parallel growth with [001] in common.
Twinning:
Twinned on {100}.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
9.8 Å(100)
6.9 Å(80)
2.789 Å(70)
4.18 Å(60)
3.45 Å(60)
2.856 Å(60)
4.95 Å(40)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
34 : Complex granite pegmatites
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates]
47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates]

Type Occurrence of EarlshannoniteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Foote Lithium Co. Mine, Kings Mountain, Cleveland County, North Carolina, USA
General Appearance of Type Material:
Radial aggregates of crystals to 0.5 mm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution), Washington, D.C., USA, #NMNH 150168.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Pegmatite
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Jahnsite GroupLaueiteMitridatiteQuartzRockbridgeite
Reference:
Peacor, Donald R., Dunn, Peter J., Simmons, William B. (1984) Earlshannonite, the Mn analogue of whitmoreite, from North Carolina. The Canadian Mineralogist, 22 (3) 471-474

Synonyms of EarlshannoniteHide

Other Language Names for EarlshannoniteHide

Relationship of Earlshannonite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Arthurite Group
Other Members of Arthurite Group:
ArthuriteCuFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
BendadaiteFe2+Fe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
CobaltarthuriteCoFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
KunatiteCuFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
OjuelaiteZnFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
'UKI-2006-(PO:AlCuFeH)'Fe2+Al3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
'UM2006-27-PO:FeHZn'ZnFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
WhitmoreiteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
10 photos of Earlshannonite associated with MitridatiteCa2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
10 photos of Earlshannonite associated with Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5
9 photos of Earlshannonite associated with StrunziteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O
6 photos of Earlshannonite associated with StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
5 photos of Earlshannonite associated with Jahnsite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
4 photos of Earlshannonite associated with BerauniteFe3+6(PO4)4O(OH)4 · 6H2O
4 photos of Earlshannonite associated with KrásnoiteCa3Al7.7Si3P4O23.5(OH)12.1F2 · 8H2O
4 photos of Earlshannonite associated with PhosphophylliteZn2Fe 2+(PO4)2 · 4H2O
3 photos of Earlshannonite associated with SideriteFeCO3
3 photos of Earlshannonite associated with Kastningite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

8.DC.FerroberauniteFe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)5 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DC.CésarferreiraiteFe2+ Fe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.FerrivauxiteFe3+Al2(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.IanbruceiteZn2(AsO4)(OH) · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.05NissoniteCu2Mg2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 5H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DC.07EuchroiteCu2(AsO4)(OH) · 3H2OOrth. 222 : P212121
8.DC.10LegranditeZn2(AsO4)(OH) · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.12StrashimiriteCu8(AsO4)4(OH)4 · 5H2OMon.
8.DC.15KunatiteCuFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.15'UM2006-27-PO:FeHZn'ZnFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
8.DC.15'UKI-2006-(PO:AlCuFeH)'Fe2+Al3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
8.DC.15CobaltarthuriteCoFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.15ArthuriteCuFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.15OjuelaiteZnFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.15WhitmoreiteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.15BendadaiteFe2+Fe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.17KleemaniteZnAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 3H2OMon.
8.DC.20MagnesiobermaniteMgMn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2 : P21
8.DC.20BermaniteMn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DC.20CoralloiteMn2+Mn3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.22KovdorskiteMg2(PO4)(OH) · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.25ZincostrunziteZnFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6.5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.25MetavauxiteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.25MetavivianiteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.25FerristrunziteFe3+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2OTric.
8.DC.25StrunziteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.25FerrostrunziteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2OTric.
8.DC.27BerauniteFe3+6(PO4)4O(OH)4 · 6H2OMon. m : Bb
8.DC.27TvrdýiteFe2+Fe3+2Al3(PO4)4(OH)5(H2O)4 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DC.27ZincoberauniteZnFe3+5(PO4)4(OH)5 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DC.30MaghrebiteMgAl2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30FerrolaueiteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30UshkoviteMgFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30LaueiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30ParavauxiteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30SigloiteFe3+Al2(PO4)2(OH)3 · 7H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30NordgauiteMnAl2(PO4)2(F,OH)2 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30Kayrobertsonite[MnAl2(PO4)2(OH)2(H2O)4] · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30KummeriteMn2+Fe3+Al(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30MangangordoniteMn2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30StewartiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30GordoniteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30Kastningite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30PseudolaueiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.32KamarizaiteFe3+3(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 3H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.32TinticiteFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 3H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.35VauxiteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.37VantasseliteAl4(PO4)3(OH)3 · 9H2OOrth.
8.DC.40CacoxeniteFe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2OHex. 6/m : P63/m
8.DC.45SouzaliteMg3Al4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2OTric. 1
8.DC.45Gormanite(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2OTric.
8.DC.47KingiteAl3(PO4)2F2(OH) · 7H2OTric.
8.DC.50AllanpringiteFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DC.50FluorwavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH)2F · 5H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
8.DC.50WavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
8.DC.52KribergiteAl5(PO4)3(SO4)(OH)4 · 4H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.55MapimiteZn2Fe3+3(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 10H2OMon. m : Bm
8.DC.57OgdensburgiteCa2Fe3+4(Zn,Mn2+)(AsO4)4(OH)6 · 6H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cmmm
8.DC.60CloncurryiteCu0.5(VO)0.5Al2(PO4)2F2 · 5H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.60Nevadaite(Cu2+,Al,V3+)6Al8(PO4)8F8(OH)2 · 22H2OOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
8.DC.62KenngottiteMn2+3Fe3+4(PO4)4(OH)6(H2O)2 Mon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DC.67MolinelloiteCu(H2O)(OH)V4+O(V5+O4)Tric. 1 : P1
8.DC.70WhitecapsiteH16Fe2+5Fe3+14Sb3+6(AsO4)18O16 · 120H2OHex. 6/m : P63/m
8.DC.75HeimitePbCu2(AsO4)(OH)3 · 2H2OMon. 2/m
8.DC.80LedneviteCu[PO3(OH)] · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b

Fluorescence of EarlshannoniteHide

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for EarlshannoniteHide

References for EarlshannoniteHide

Localities for EarlshannoniteHide

Showing 19 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Hide all sections | Show all sections

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Czech Republic
 
  • Karlovy Vary Region
    • Sokolov District
      • Krásno
Sejkora et al. (2006)
  • Vysočina Region
    • Žďár nad Sázavou District
      • Bory
Staněk (1991) +4 other references
Staněk (1997)
Germany
 
  • Bavaria
    • Upper Palatinate
      • Neustadt an der Waldnaab District
        • Waidhaus
          • Hagendorf
Mineralogical Society of America - ...
Dill et al. (2008)
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Dzierżoniów County
      • Gmina Niemcza
        • Gilów
Pieczka A. et al. (2004)
    • Świdnica County
      • Gmina Świdnica
Włodek et al. (2011)
        • Michałkowa pegmatites
Pieczka et al. (2015)
Portugal
 
  • Guarda
    • Gouveia
      • Folgosinho
Alves et al. (2012)
    • Sabugal
      • Bendada
Alves et al. (2013)
ALVES et al. (2013)
  • Viseu
    • Mangualde
      • Mangualde (Mesquitela e Cunha Alta)
Alves (n.d.)
USA
 
  • Maine
    • Oxford County
      • Greenwood
        • Uncle Tom Mountain
Mineralogical Society of America - ... +1 other reference
      • Newry
King et al. (1994) +1 other reference
      • Paris
  • North Carolina
    • Cleveland County
      • Kings Mountain
Peacor et al. (1984) +1 other reference
    • Gaston County
  • South Dakota
    • Pennington County
      • Keystone Mining District
        • Glendale
Thomas Loomis Collection
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