White Caps Mine, Manhattan, Manhattan Mining District, Toquima Range, Nye County, Nevada, USAi

Regional Level Types
White Caps Mine	Mine
Manhattan	Town
Manhattan Mining District	Mining District
Toquima Range	Mountain Range
Nye County	County
Nevada	State
USA	Country

Structure: The veins are strongly faulted across their strike. Four major faults cut the limestone: the East, White Caps, West, and Morning Glory faults.

Alteration: Limestone is strongly silicified and completely replaced by quartz in places.

Commodity: Ore Materials: gold, stibnite, cinnabar, realgar, orpiment, arsenopyrite, fluorite, azurite

Gangue Materials: quartz, calcite, pyrite, dolomite, sericite

Deposit: Cinnabar occurs to 1,100 ft (ca. 335 m) level; realgar occurs between the 450 ft (ca. 137 m) and 665 ft (ca. 203 m) level; stibnite occurs between the 450 ft (ca. 137 m) and 665 ft (ca. 203 m) level; stibnite occurs between the 310 ft (ca. 94 m) and 450 ft (ca. 137 m) levels.

Primary ore consists of quartz veins containing very finely divided gold associated with realgar and stibnite. The vein contained large lenses of pure realgar and pure stibnite, up to 4 feet (1.22 m) by 20 feet (ca. 6 m). Ore shoots have better continuity down dip than along strike. Mineralization usually follows one wall (more commonly the footwall) of the bed.

Deposit type: Epithermal vein, Comstock

Development: The mine produced gold from 1912 to 1914, using a 75-ton mill built by Associated Milling Co. White Caps Mining Co. took over the mine and mill in 1915 and discovered rich deeper ore in 1916. The gold mill closed in 1920, after which realgar was still shipped. The gold mill reopened in 1922 and closed in 1923. A flotation mill operated from 1935-1936. White Caps Gold Mining Co. refurbished the mine in the late 1950s. Antimony-lead-gold ore was mined in 1959. In 1962, mining was done on a faulted segment of the orebody between the 600 ft (ca. 183 m) and 820 ft (ca. 250 m) levels. Antimony ore was being mined just prior to a fire in 1964, after which mining ceased. In 1977, Argus Resources Inc. acquired the White Caps Mining Co. and renamed it Transworld Energy Corp. Calais Resources, Inc. first acquired interests in the Manhattan mining district in 1982. In 2000, Calais agreed to purchase Nevada Manhattan Mining Corp.'s 24.5% interest in 28 patented lode mining claims and 105 unpatented lode mining claims in the White Caps Mine area of the Manhattan district. Calais already owned 42 unpatented lode mining claims, bringing Calais's land position to 175 claims centered around the White Caps Mine. In 2003, Calais planned a drilling program on the White Caps property pending issuance of permits. The company had plans to drill several deep holes in search of a replacement gold deposit. In April 2004 Calais entered into an agreement to acquire all of Argus Resources and White Caps Mine's patented and unpatented mineral rights in the district. Calais Resources' property in the Manhattan mining district now (2004) covers over 2,628 acres of mineral interests.

Geology: This mine has produced many high quality collector-grade mineral specimens of arsenic minerals, stibnite, as well as rare mineral species such as wakabayashilite, haidingerite, rosslerite, pitticite.

Ore(s): Ore formation is controlled primarily by favorable host rock lithology, and to a lesser extent by structures.

"The mining company avoided large lenses of stibnite and realgar whenever they could, but later these were sporadically mined for their antimony and arsenic content. In about 1958 a mine fire burned the head frame and the timbers in the main shaft and put an end to the mine’s productive life. The fire did however create what are undoubtedly the best arsenolite crystals yet found" (Rock Currier, 2009)

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Link to USGS MRDS:	10310353

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