Les Malines District, Occitanie, Francei
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Les Malines District | Mining District (Abandoned) |
| Occitanie | Region |
| France | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
43° North , 3° East (est.)
Estimate based on other nearby localities or region boundaries.
Margin of Error:
~2km
Type:
Mining District (Abandoned) - last checked 2025
Köppen climate type:
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Languedoc-Roussillon
Name(s) in local language(s):
Mines des Malines
This huge stratiform deposit, located under the Pic d'Anjeau Mountain, is the biggest lead-zinc deposit in France.
Most mineralizations are found within karstic cavities dug in Cambrian dolomites and Bathonian limestones.
Known since Roman times, it was operated from 1885 in several mines by the Pennaroya company (formerly called Metaleurop; Recyclex today) which produced 1,000,000 tons of ore until 1993.
Today, all adits are closed, but some large dumps still remain.
The main lithologies found in the Les Malines area are Cambrian and Mesozoic dolostones and dolomite-rich shales. Structurally, the main mineralized area is delimitated by two major structures: the Les Malines E-W fault to the south and the Montdardier N-S fault to the west forming the so-called St Bresson horst. Les Malines is generally described as a Mississippi-Valley-type (MVT) ore system. However, its genetic classification and age, with possible remobilization, are still debated, suggesting that mineralization may have occurred in several stages during the Cambrian, Permian or Jurassic. The dominant ore assemblage consists of sphalerite, galena, and pyrite, associated with barite, calcite and dolomite as the main gangue minerals.
Most mineralizations are found within karstic cavities dug in Cambrian dolomites and Bathonian limestones.
Known since Roman times, it was operated from 1885 in several mines by the Pennaroya company (formerly called Metaleurop; Recyclex today) which produced 1,000,000 tons of ore until 1993.
Today, all adits are closed, but some large dumps still remain.
The main lithologies found in the Les Malines area are Cambrian and Mesozoic dolostones and dolomite-rich shales. Structurally, the main mineralized area is delimitated by two major structures: the Les Malines E-W fault to the south and the Montdardier N-S fault to the west forming the so-called St Bresson horst. Les Malines is generally described as a Mississippi-Valley-type (MVT) ore system. However, its genetic classification and age, with possible remobilization, are still debated, suggesting that mineralization may have occurred in several stages during the Cambrian, Permian or Jurassic. The dominant ore assemblage consists of sphalerite, galena, and pyrite, associated with barite, calcite and dolomite as the main gangue minerals.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.Mineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities70 valid minerals. 1 erroneous literature entry.
Rock Types Recorded
Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ 'Adamite-Olivenite Series' References: |
| ⓘ Anglesite Formula: PbSO4 |
| ⓘ Anhydrite Formula: CaSO4 |
| ⓘ Annabergite Formula: Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| ⓘ Antlerite Formula: Cu3(SO4)(OH)4 References: Pascal Chollet collection - SEM-EDS analysed at "Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans - Université de Clermont-Ferrand" by Pascal Chollet & Yannick Vessely, PXRD confirmed by Michel Blondieau at "Laboratoire de minéralogie", Liège university, Belgium.Identified by Pascal Chollet: SEM-EDS, Michel Blondieau : XRD. |
| ⓘ Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Aurichalcite Formula: (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Azurite Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 Localities: Description: White crystals on red sphalerite. |
| ⓘ Bindheimite Formula: Pb2Sb2O6O |
| ✪ Bohuslavite Formula: Fe3+4(PO4)3(SO4)(OH) · nH2O Description: SEM-EDS and crystals habits perfectly match the specie. Color change is not submitted by the light quality, but some samples definitively turned from lilas-pink to yellow-brown
PXRD confirmed by Michel Blondieau and Martin Depret at Liège University References: Pascal Chollet Collection - SEM-EDS analysed by William Peraud, Pascal Chollet & Yannick Vessely.Identified by Pascal Chollet: SEM-EDS |
| ⓘ Bournonite Formula: PbCuSbS3 Localities: Habit: Prismatic, frequently twinned. cristals up to 10cm & more Colour: Metallic grey, colored blue-green by alteration sulfates |
| ⓘ Brianyoungite Formula: Zn3(CO3,SO4)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ Brochantite Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Cerussite Formula: PbCO3 |
| ⓘ Cesàrolite Formula: PbMn4+3O6(OH)2 Localities: Habit: marbles, with typical "oignon" concentric structure Colour: grey-black |
| ⓘ Chalcanthite Formula: CuSO4 · 5H2O References: Pascal Chollet collectionIdentified by Pascal Chollet: Visual Identification |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ Claraite Formula: (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O References: |
| ⓘ Coquimbite Formula: AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O Habit: pseudo cubo-octahedral Colour: Colorless - Transparent Description: XRD analysed by Dr. Nicolas Meisser, Lausanne University |
| ⓘ Covellite Formula: CuS |
| ⓘ Cuprite Formula: Cu2O |
| ⓘ Devilline Formula: CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ Dolomite Formula: CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ Epsomite Formula: MgSO4 · 7H2O Localities: Habit: Hairy. very thin & fragile cristals.
Fibrous aggregates Colour: white |
| ⓘ Fibroferrite Formula: Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| ⓘ Fluorite Formula: CaF2 |
| ⓘ Galena Formula: PbS |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ Greenockite Formula: CdS |
| ⓘ Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Halotrichite Formula: Fe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| ⓘ Hemimorphite Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| ⓘ Hydromagnesite Formula: Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ Hydrozincite Formula: Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Imiterite ? Formula: Ag2HgS2 Description: SEM-EDS showed S / Ag / Hg with ratios about 4 / 4 / 1. Sample shows strong surface alteration, and is too small to perform XRD without totally destroying it. So it will remain questionned for now. References: |
| ✪ Khademite Formula: Al(SO4)F · 5H2O Habit: prismatic, up to 1mm Colour: colorless to white, translucent. Description: PXRD analysed by Michel Blondieau, then SXRD analysed by Fabrice Dal Bo at "laboratoire de minéralogie, Université de Liège" (Belgium).
Chemistry and Fluor detection done by Dr. Nicolas Meisser at Lausanne University (Ch) References: |
| ⓘ Köttigite Formula: Zn3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O References: Pascal Chollet collection - SEM-EDS analysed at "Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans - Université de Clermont-Ferrand" by Pascal Chollet & Yannick Vessely, PXRD confirmed by Michel Blondieau at "Laboratoire de minéralogie", Liège university, Belgium.Identified by Pascal Chollet: SEM-EDS, Michel Blondieau: XRD |
| ⓘ Krausite Formula: KFe(SO4)2 · H2O Localities: Habit: Prismatic, crystals sprays, crystalline marbles Colour: Colorless to purple in the Peyras/Vieille mine Römerite ocurence
Colorless in tungsten lightning to Yellow in sunlight (Dichroic) in both Florence voltaite occurences Description: Very rare at site but locally frequent |
| ⓘ Ktenasite Formula: ZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ Lahnsteinite Formula: Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ Langite Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Linarite Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Magnesiocopiapite Formula: MgFe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
| ⓘ Malachite Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Marcasite Formula: FeS2 Localities: Description: Found in small samples at La Sanguinède (P. Chollet, 2011) |
| ⓘ Massicot ? Formula: PbO Description: Described by Lacroix. may have been confused with other species. |
| ⓘ Melanterite Formula: Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| ⓘ Melanterite var. Copper-bearing Melanterite Formula: (Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O |
| ⓘ Mimetite Formula: Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Description: Muscovite diffraction rays have been identified mixed with thoses of the bohuslavite. References: PXRD by Martin DepretIdentification: XRD |
| ⓘ Namuwite Formula: Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 4H2O References: Pascal Chollet collection - SEM-EDS analysed at "Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans - Université de Clermont-Ferrand" by Pascal Chollet & Yannick Vessely, PXRD confirmed by Michel Blondieau at "Laboratoire de minéralogie", Liège university, Belgium.Identified by Pascal Chollet: SEM-EDS, Michel Blondieau: XRD |
| ⓘ Native Silver Formula: Ag References: |
| ⓘ Native Sulphur Formula: S8 |
| ⓘ Nickelboussingaultite Formula: (NH4)2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O References: Pascal Chollet collection - SEM-EDS analysed at "Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans - Université de Clermont-Ferrand" by Pascal Chollet & Yannick Vessely, PXRD confirmed by Michel Blondieau at "Laboratoire de minéralogie", Liège university, Belgium.Identified by Pascal Chollet: SEM-EDS, Michel Blondieau: XRD |
| ⓘ Oxyplumboroméite Formula: Pb2Sb2O6O References: |
| ⓘ 'Petroleum' |
| ⓘ 'Petroleum var. Bitumen' |
| ⓘ Posnjakite Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 |
| ⓘ Pyrite var. Silver-bearing Pyrite Formula: FeS2 References: |
| ⓘ Pyromorphite Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony Formula: SiO2 References: |
| ⓘ Rosasite Formula: (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Römerite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2O Localities: Habit: Isometric crystals Colour: red-brown Description: Very rare at site but locally extremely abundant ! |
| ⓘ Rozenite Formula: FeSO4 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ Serpierite Formula: Ca(Cu2+,Zn2+)4(S6+O4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ Siderite Formula: FeCO3 |
| ⓘ Smithsonite Formula: ZnCO3 |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS Localities: Colour: Red, reddish-brown, brown-black, yellow |
| ⓘ Sphalerite var. Schalenblende References: |
| ⓘ Stibnite Formula: Sb2S3 References: |
| ✪ 'Strickblende' Habit: needle intergrowth Colour: metallic grey Fluorescence: none Description: 2 different variety can be found :
- a true acicular habit, with different terminations : {111}(losangic faces - see http://www.mindat.org/photo-550262.html) or {011} (triangular faces - see http://www.mindat.org/photo-550263.html)
- needles intergrowth : seems to be a filling of partly dissolved calcite (or other specie ?) cleavages. the calcite dissolution completed after galena cristallisation, leaving needles with non orthogonal interpenetration. see http://www.mindat.org/photo-445292.html |
| ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Group' Formula: M2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z) Habit: tetrahedron Description: Visual id. , this is probably tetrahedrite. Sample analyse is impossible without destruction (only known crystal so far is included in calcite) References: |
| ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup' Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
| ⓘ Voltaite Formula: K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O Habit: Mainly octahedric with more or less (100) faces, sometimes polysynthetic, in Florence Est occurence.
Crystals from Florence West area are more cubic with (110) faces ( https://www.mindat.org/photo-792886.html ) Colour: Black. dark green in thin splinters. Description: Found in oxidizing pyrite with römerite, krausite and halotrichite, in the upper part of the mine called Florence-Est. Very rare at site but locally abundant. Some rare crystals have also been found in the lower parts of Florence-West area. References: SEM-EDS analysed at Laboratoire "Magmas et Volcans - Université de Clermont-Ferrand" by Pascal Chollet & Yannick VesselyIdentified by Pascal Chollet: SEM-EDS |
| ⓘ Formula: (Zn,Fe)S Description: See http://www.mindat.org/mesg-7-220056.html |
| ⓘ Zincite Formula: ZnO Habit: fibrous Colour: yellow-white Description: SLAG MINERAL : found in "les avinières" ore treatement installations.
Only 5 samples known, given to the "Ecole des mines de Paris" in 1876 by Mallard & Auzépy. |
| ⓘ Zincrosasite Formula: (Zn,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Native Silver | 1.AA.05 | Ag |
| ⓘ | Native Sulphur | 1.CC.05 | S8 |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Imiterite ? | 2.BD.05 | Ag2HgS2 |
| ⓘ | Covellite | 2.CA.05a | CuS |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite var. Schalenblende | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | 2.CB.05a | ZnS | |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Greenockite | 2.CB.45 | CdS |
| ⓘ | Wurtzite ? | 2.CB.45 | (Zn,Fe)S |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Stibnite | 2.DB.05 | Sb2S3 |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | var. Silver-bearing Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Marcasite | 2.EB.10a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Bournonite | 2.GA.50 | PbCuSbS3 |
| ⓘ | 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup' | 2.GB.05 | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Fluorite | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Cuprite | 4.AA.10 | Cu2O |
| ⓘ | Zincite | 4.AB.20 | ZnO |
| ⓘ | Massicot ? | 4.AC.25 | PbO |
| ⓘ | Quartz var. Chalcedony | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 | |
| ⓘ | Oxyplumboroméite | 4.DH. | Pb2Sb2O6O |
| ⓘ | Bindheimite | 4.DH.20 | Pb2Sb2O6O |
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.FD.10 | Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Cesàrolite | 4.FG.10 | PbMn4+3O6(OH)2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Siderite | 5.AB.05 | FeCO3 |
| ⓘ | Smithsonite | 5.AB.05 | ZnCO3 |
| ⓘ | Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Cerussite | 5.AB.15 | PbCO3 |
| ⓘ | Azurite | 5.BA.05 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Rosasite | 5.BA.10 | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Zincrosasite | 5.BA.10 | (Zn,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Aurichalcite | 5.BA.15 | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Hydrozincite | 5.BA.15 | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Brianyoungite | 5.BF.30 | Zn3(CO3,SO4)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Hydromagnesite | 5.DA.05 | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Claraite | 5.DA.30 | (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Anhydrite | 7.AD.30 | CaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Anglesite | 7.AD.35 | PbSO4 |
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Antlerite | 7.BB.15 | Cu3(SO4)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Brochantite | 7.BB.25 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Linarite | 7.BC.65 | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Rozenite | 7.CB.15 | FeSO4 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Chalcanthite | 7.CB.20 | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| ⓘ | Melanterite | 7.CB.35 | Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| ⓘ | var. Copper-bearing Melanterite | 7.CB.35 | (Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O |
| ⓘ | Epsomite | 7.CB.40 | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
| ⓘ | Coquimbite | 7.CB.55 | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ | Römerite | 7.CB.75 | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
| ⓘ | Halotrichite | 7.CB.85 | Fe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| ⓘ | Krausite | 7.CC.05 | KFe(SO4)2 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Voltaite | 7.CC.25 | K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| ⓘ | Nickelboussingaultite | 7.CC.60 | (NH4)2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Khademite | 7.DB.10 | Al(SO4)F · 5H2O |
| ⓘ | Magnesiocopiapite | 7.DB.35 | MgFe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
| ⓘ | Fibroferrite | 7.DC.15 | Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| ⓘ | Langite | 7.DD.10 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Posnjakite | 7.DD.10 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Ktenasite | 7.DD.20 | ZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ | Devilline | 7.DD.30 | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ | Serpierite | 7.DD.30 | Ca(Cu2+,Zn2+)4(S6+O4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ | Lahnsteinite | 7.DD.47 | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ | Namuwite | 7.DD.50 | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Mimetite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Pyromorphite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Annabergite | 8.CE.40 | Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| ⓘ | Köttigite | 8.CE.40 | Zn3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| ⓘ | Bohuslavite | 8.DB.42 | Fe3+4(PO4)3(SO4)(OH) · nH2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Hemimorphite | 9.BD.10 | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Muscovite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Adamite-Olivenite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Petroleum var. Bitumen' | - | |
| ⓘ | '' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Tetrahedrite Group' | - | M2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z) |
| ⓘ | 'Strickblende' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Annabergite | Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| H | ⓘ Antlerite | Cu3(SO4)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Brianyoungite | Zn3(CO3,SO4)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Cesàrolite | PbMn34+O6(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Claraite | (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O |
| H | ⓘ Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Devilline | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| H | ⓘ Epsomite | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
| H | ⓘ Fibroferrite | Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Halotrichite | Fe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hydromagnesite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Khademite | Al(SO4)F · 5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Köttigite | Zn3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| H | ⓘ Krausite | KFe(SO4)2 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Ktenasite | ZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Magnesiocopiapite | MgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
| H | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Namuwite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Nickelboussingaultite | (NH4)2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Posnjakite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Römerite | Fe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
| H | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Rozenite | FeSO4 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Serpierite | Ca(Cu2+,Zn2+)4(S6+O4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| H | ⓘ Voltaite | K2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| H | ⓘ Zincrosasite | (Zn,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Adamite-Olivenite Series | |
| H | ⓘ Melanterite var. Copper-bearing Melanterite | (Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O |
| H | ⓘ Lahnsteinite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| H | ⓘ Bohuslavite | Fe43+(PO4)3(SO4)(OH) · nH2O |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| C | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Brianyoungite | Zn3(CO3,SO4)(OH)4 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Claraite | (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O |
| C | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Hydromagnesite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| C | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| C | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Zincrosasite | (Zn,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| N | Nitrogen | |
| N | ⓘ Nickelboussingaultite | (NH4)2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Annabergite | Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| O | ⓘ Antlerite | Cu3(SO4)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Bindheimite | Pb2Sb2O6O |
| O | ⓘ Brianyoungite | Zn3(CO3,SO4)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Cesàrolite | PbMn34+O6(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Claraite | (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O |
| O | ⓘ Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Cuprite | Cu2O |
| O | ⓘ Devilline | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| O | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Epsomite | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
| O | ⓘ Fibroferrite | Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Halotrichite | Fe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hydromagnesite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Khademite | Al(SO4)F · 5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Köttigite | Zn3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| O | ⓘ Krausite | KFe(SO4)2 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Ktenasite | ZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Magnesiocopiapite | MgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
| O | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Massicot | PbO |
| O | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Namuwite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Nickelboussingaultite | (NH4)2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Posnjakite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Römerite | Fe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
| O | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Rozenite | FeSO4 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Serpierite | Ca(Cu2+,Zn2+)4(S6+O4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| O | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Voltaite | K2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| O | ⓘ Zincite | ZnO |
| O | ⓘ Zincrosasite | (Zn,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Adamite-Olivenite Series | |
| O | ⓘ Melanterite var. Copper-bearing Melanterite | (Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O |
| O | ⓘ Lahnsteinite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| O | ⓘ Oxyplumboroméite | Pb2Sb2O6O |
| O | ⓘ Bohuslavite | Fe43+(PO4)3(SO4)(OH) · nH2O |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| F | ⓘ Khademite | Al(SO4)F · 5H2O |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Epsomite | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Hydromagnesite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Magnesiocopiapite | MgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Halotrichite | Fe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Khademite | Al(SO4)F · 5H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Voltaite | K2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| P | ⓘ Bohuslavite | Fe43+(PO4)3(SO4)(OH) · nH2O |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Antlerite | Cu3(SO4)(OH)4 |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Bournonite | PbCuSbS3 |
| S | ⓘ Brianyoungite | Zn3(CO3,SO4)(OH)4 |
| S | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| S | ⓘ Claraite | (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O |
| S | ⓘ Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
| S | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| S | ⓘ Devilline | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| S | ⓘ Epsomite | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
| S | ⓘ Fibroferrite | Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| S | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| S | ⓘ Greenockite | CdS |
| S | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Halotrichite | Fe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| S | ⓘ Imiterite | Ag2HgS2 |
| S | ⓘ Khademite | Al(SO4)F · 5H2O |
| S | ⓘ Krausite | KFe(SO4)2 · H2O |
| S | ⓘ Ktenasite | ZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| S | ⓘ Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| S | ⓘ Magnesiocopiapite | MgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
| S | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| S | ⓘ Namuwite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| S | ⓘ Nickelboussingaultite | (NH4)2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| S | ⓘ Posnjakite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Römerite | Fe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
| S | ⓘ Rozenite | FeSO4 · 4H2O |
| S | ⓘ Serpierite | Ca(Cu2+,Zn2+)4(S6+O4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | ⓘ Stibnite | Sb2S3 |
| S | ⓘ Native Sulphur | S8 |
| S | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| S | ⓘ Voltaite | K2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| S | ⓘ Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
| S | ⓘ Melanterite var. Copper-bearing Melanterite | (Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O |
| S | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Group | M2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z) |
| S | ⓘ Lahnsteinite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite var. Silver-bearing Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Bohuslavite | Fe43+(PO4)3(SO4)(OH) · nH2O |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Krausite | KFe(SO4)2 · H2O |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Voltaite | K2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| Ca | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Devilline | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Serpierite | Ca(Cu2+,Zn2+)4(S6+O4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Cesàrolite | PbMn34+O6(OH)2 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Fibroferrite | Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Halotrichite | Fe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Krausite | KFe(SO4)2 · H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnesiocopiapite | MgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Römerite | Fe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Rozenite | FeSO4 · 4H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Voltaite | K2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
| Fe | ⓘ Melanterite var. Copper-bearing Melanterite | (Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite var. Silver-bearing Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Bohuslavite | Fe43+(PO4)3(SO4)(OH) · nH2O |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | ⓘ Annabergite | Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| Ni | ⓘ Nickelboussingaultite | (NH4)2Ni(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Antlerite | Cu3(SO4)(OH)4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Bournonite | PbCuSbS3 |
| Cu | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Claraite | (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| Cu | ⓘ Cuprite | Cu2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Devilline | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Ktenasite | ZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Posnjakite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Serpierite | Ca(Cu2+,Zn2+)4(S6+O4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| Cu | ⓘ Zincrosasite | (Zn,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Adamite-Olivenite Series | |
| Cu | ⓘ Melanterite var. Copper-bearing Melanterite | (Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Zn | ⓘ Brianyoungite | Zn3(CO3,SO4)(OH)4 |
| Zn | ⓘ Claraite | (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Zn | ⓘ Köttigite | Zn3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Ktenasite | ZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Namuwite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Zn | ⓘ Serpierite | Ca(Cu2+,Zn2+)4(S6+O4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Zn | ⓘ Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
| Zn | ⓘ Zincite | ZnO |
| Zn | ⓘ Zincrosasite | (Zn,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Zn | ⓘ Adamite-Olivenite Series | |
| Zn | ⓘ Lahnsteinite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| As | Arsenic | |
| As | ⓘ Annabergite | Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| As | ⓘ Claraite | (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O |
| As | ⓘ Köttigite | Zn3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| As | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| As | ⓘ Adamite-Olivenite Series | |
| Ag | Silver | |
| Ag | ⓘ Imiterite | Ag2HgS2 |
| Ag | ⓘ Native Silver | Ag |
| Cd | Cadmium | |
| Cd | ⓘ Greenockite | CdS |
| Sb | Antimony | |
| Sb | ⓘ Bindheimite | Pb2Sb2O6O |
| Sb | ⓘ Bournonite | PbCuSbS3 |
| Sb | ⓘ Stibnite | Sb2S3 |
| Sb | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| Sb | ⓘ Oxyplumboroméite | Pb2Sb2O6O |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Hg | Mercury | |
| Hg | ⓘ Imiterite | Ag2HgS2 |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| Pb | ⓘ Bindheimite | Pb2Sb2O6O |
| Pb | ⓘ Bournonite | PbCuSbS3 |
| Pb | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| Pb | ⓘ Cesàrolite | PbMn34+O6(OH)2 |
| Pb | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| Pb | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Pb | ⓘ Massicot | PbO |
| Pb | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Pb | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Pb | ⓘ Oxyplumboroméite | Pb2Sb2O6O |
Localities in this Region
- Occitanie
- Gard
- Le Vigan
- Gard
Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
- Moldanubian BeltOrogenic Belt
EuropeContinent
France
- Massif CentralHighland Region
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References
Michel, Léopold (1890) Sur quelques minéraux provenant des Malines (Gard) Bulletin de Minéralogie, 13 (6) 212-214 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1890.2175
Fénelon, Paul (1955) Les mines françaises de plomb et de zinc. Revue géographique des Pyrénées et du Sud-Ouest, 26 (4). 272-291 doi:10.3406/rgpso.1955.4665
Lacerda, Homero (1983) As mineralizações de Pb-Zn no embasamento Cambriano de Mina Les Malines (França) Revista Brasileira de Geociências, 13 (4) 237-244 doi:10.25249/0375-7536.1983134237244
Lacerda, H., Bernard, A.J. (1984) Existence de Mineralisations Plombo-Zinciferes Syngenetiques du Substratum Cambrien du District des Malines (Gard, France) Mineralium Deposita, 19 (2) doi:10.1007/bf00204679
Bosch, B., Leleu, M., Oustrière, P., Sarcia, C., Sureau, J-F., Blommaert, W., Gijbels, R., Sadurski, A., Vandelannoote, R., Van Grieken, R., Van 'T Dack, L. (1986) Hydrogeochemistry in the zinc—lead mining district of “Les Malines” (Gard, France) Chemical Geology, 55 (1) 31-44 doi:10.1016/0009-2541(86)90125-7
Besnus, Yves, Marini, Daniel, Macquar, Jean-Claude (1986) Lithostratigraphie et distribution de divers éléments traces dans le Trias du district Zn-Pb des Malines (SE du Massif Central) Lithostratigraphy and distribution of different trace elements in the Trias of the Malines Zn-Pb district (SE of the Massif Central, France) Sciences Géologiques. Bulletin, 39 (3) 215-232 doi:10.3406/sgeol.1986.1727
Charef, A., Sheppard, S.M.F. (1988) The Malines Cambrian carbonate-shale-hosted Pb-Zn deposit, France: Thermometric and isotopic (H, O) evidence for pulsating hydrothermal mineralization. Mineralium Deposita, 23 (2). 86-95 doi:10.1007/bf00206655
Ramboz, Claire, Charef, Abdelkrim (1988) Temperature, pressure, burial history, and paleohydrology of the Les Malines, Pb-Zn deposit; reconstruction from aqueous inclusions in barite. Economic Geology, 83 (4) 784-800 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.83.4.784
Le Guen, M., Orgeval, J.-J., Lancelot, J. (1991) Lead isotope behaviour in a polyphased Pb-Zn ore deposit: Les Malines (Cévennes, France) Mineralium Deposita, 26 (3) 180-188 doi:10.1007/bf00209256
Disnar, J.R. (1996) A comparison of mineralization histories for two MVT deposits, Trèves and Les Malines (Causses basin, France), based on the geochemistry of associated organic matter. Ore Geology Reviews, 11 (1). doi:10.1016/0169-1368(95)00019-4
Saunier, Jean-Baptiste, Losfeld, Guillaume, Freydier, Rémi, Grison, Claude (2013) Trace elements biomonitoring in a historical mining district (les Malines, France). Chemosphere, 93 (9). 2016-2023 doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.07.024
[1]Afanassieff, Nicolas; Janots, Emilie; Reignier, Octave; Motto-Ros, Vincent; Batanova, Valentina; Lahondès, Dennis; Le Goff, Etienne; Melleton, Jérémie; Cenki, Bénédicte (2026) Integrated LIBS-EPMA and Multivariate Statistical Analysis for Ge-Bearing Mineral Characterization: A Tool for High-Tech Critical Metals Exploration. Minerals, 16 (7). doi:10.3390/min16070685
Les Malines District, Occitanie, France